CN112278333A - Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin - Google Patents
Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112278333A CN112278333A CN202011065096.1A CN202011065096A CN112278333A CN 112278333 A CN112278333 A CN 112278333A CN 202011065096 A CN202011065096 A CN 202011065096A CN 112278333 A CN112278333 A CN 112278333A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- door
- cabin
- metal
- cabin door
- sleeve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/62—Systems for re-entry into the earth's atmosphere; Retarding or landing devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/10—Artificial satellites; Systems of such satellites; Interplanetary vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/10—Artificial satellites; Systems of such satellites; Interplanetary vehicles
- B64G1/105—Space science
- B64G1/1064—Space science specifically adapted for interplanetary, solar or interstellar exploration
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic switch cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin, which comprises a metal cabin door, a cabin door heat-proof structure, a compression release device, a locking device, a transmission device, a driving device and a separation nut, wherein the metal cabin door is provided with a first opening and a second opening; the locking device and the separation nut are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the metal cabin door, and the locking device is used for locking the metal cabin door in a closed state to the door frame; the transmission device is fixedly arranged on the door frame, is in transmission connection with the driving device, comprises a door shaft fixedly connected with the metal door and is used for converting the rotary motion provided by the driving device into the linear translation motion and the rotary motion of the metal door so as to realize the opening and closing action of the metal door; the compressing and releasing device is fixedly arranged on the return cabin and is matched with the separating nut to realize compressing, fixing and unlocking and releasing of the metal cabin door in an open state. The automatic opening and closing cabin door has the advantages of small motion envelope space and small influence of environmental factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spacecrafts, in particular to an automatic opening and closing cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin.
Background
After the deep space exploration spacecraft carries out planet sample sampling, the collected sample needs to be transferred into a return cabin, and the return cabin returns to the earth with the sample. Therefore, the re-entry capsule needs to be provided with an opening and closing capsule door, the capsule door is opened before the sample is transferred into the re-entry capsule, and the capsule door is closed after the sample enters the re-entry capsule, so that the collected sample is protected, and the integrity and continuity of the pneumatic appearance of the re-entry capsule are ensured.
The hatch door mechanisms of various sampling return spacecrafts adopt a turnover opening and closing mode, although the opening angle is large, the motion envelope space is also large, the hatch door mechanisms are only suitable for the situation that the outside of the spacecrafts is not shielded, and the hatch door mechanisms cannot be used in the environment with limited motion space of the spacecrafts.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an automatic opening and closing cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin, which has the advantages of small motion envelope space and small influence of environmental factors.
An automatic switch cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin comprises a metal cabin door, a cabin door heat-proof structure, a compression release device, a locking device, a transmission device, a driving device and a separation nut;
the cabin door heat-proof structure is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the metal cabin door;
the locking device and the separation nut are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the metal cabin door, and the locking device is used for locking the metal cabin door in a closed state to the door frame;
the driving device is fixedly arranged in the return cabin and is used for providing driving force;
the transmission device is fixedly arranged on the door frame, is in transmission connection with the driving device, and comprises a door shaft fixedly connected with the metal door, and is used for converting the rotary motion provided by the driving device into the linear translation motion and the rotary motion of the metal door so as to realize the opening and closing actions of the metal door;
the compression release device is fixedly arranged on the return capsule and is matched with the separation nut to realize compression fixation and unlocking release of the metal capsule door in an opening state.
Furthermore, the compression release device is a compression rod assembly and comprises a compression seat, a compression spring, a spherical pad, a compression rod and a compression rod sleeve;
the compression seat is detachably arranged in the return cabin and is provided with a through hole for penetrating the compression rod;
one end of the pressing rod sleeve is fixedly arranged on the pressing seat, sleeved on the outer peripheral sides of the pressing spring and the pressing rod and used for restraining and guiding the pressing spring and the pressing rod;
the pressing spring is sleeved on the pressing rod and positioned between the pressing rod and the pressing seat;
the pressing rod can be axially and slidably arranged in the pressing rod sleeve;
the spherical pad is arranged between the pressing rod and the pressing seat;
when the metal cabin door is in an opening state, the pressing seat and the separating nut are arranged oppositely, and one end of the pressing rod penetrates through the through hole of the pressing seat and can be fixedly connected with the separating nut.
Further, the separation nut is a pyrotechnic device.
Furthermore, the locking device comprises a lock body, a lock tongue, a cabin door lock compression spring and an end cover;
the lock body is of a sleeve type structure and is fixedly arranged on the metal cabin door;
the end cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the lock body;
the lock bolt is arranged at one end of the lock body, which is far away from the end cover, in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the lock body, and a cabin door lock compression spring is abutted between the lock bolt and the end cover;
one end of the lock tongue, which is far away from the end cover, protrudes out of the lock body and faces the outer peripheral side of the metal cabin door, the upper surface is an inclined surface, and the lower surface is an arc surface;
when the metal cabin door is in a closed state, the lock tongue is clamped in the locking groove of the door frame.
Furthermore, two locking devices are symmetrically arranged at one end of the metal cabin door far away from the cabin door shaft;
in-place switch components which correspond to the locking devices one to one are arranged on the door frame;
the trigger switch of the in-place switch assembly is arranged in the locking groove;
when the spring bolt joint in when locking the inslot, the spring bolt extrusion trigger switch, the switch module that targets in place produces the signal of telecommunication of closing the door.
Furthermore, the transmission device also comprises a sleeve, a lead screw, a front guide pin, a rear guide pin, a lead screw nut and a rolling bearing;
the sleeve is fixedly arranged on the door frame;
the cabin door shaft is in clearance fit in the sleeve, the front guide pin is fixedly mounted on the outer peripheral side of the middle part of the cabin door shaft, and the screw rod nut is in clearance fit in the bottom end;
the screw nut is in threaded fit with the screw, and two rear guide pins penetrating through the cabin door shaft are symmetrically arranged on the outer peripheral side of the screw nut;
the sleeve is provided with a guide groove;
the cabin door shaft is provided with the spiral grooves which are matched with the rear guide pins in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the front guide pin is in sliding fit with the guide groove and is used for enabling the front guide pin to move along the guide groove and enabling the cabin door shaft to realize rotary motion and linear translation motion;
the rear guide pin is in sliding fit with the guide groove and the spiral groove simultaneously;
the other end of the lead screw is arranged on the sleeve through the rolling bearing and is fixedly connected with the driving device;
the rolling bearing is pre-tightened through a gasket and a nut which are fixedly arranged on the lead screw.
Further, the guide groove is a l-shaped groove and a l-shaped groove provided in the sleeve, one rear guide pin is slidably fitted in the l-shaped groove, and the other rear guide pin is fitted in the l-shaped groove;
the matching section of the cabin door shaft and the sleeve is coated with a vacuum cold welding prevention lubricating film.
Furthermore, the closed joint surface between the metal cabin door and the door frame adopts a concave-convex type joint surface.
Furthermore, the circumferential surface of the heat-proof structure of the hatch door is an inclined surface for guiding the closing of the hatch door.
The extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning capsule comprises a door frame and any one automatic opening and closing capsule door provided by the technical scheme;
the automatic opening and closing cabin door is arranged on the door frame and is matched with the door frame to realize opening and closing.
Has the advantages that:
the automatic opening and closing cabin door is used for an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin, the metal cabin door is opened and closed through the driving device and the transmission device which are in transmission connection, and the transmission device converts the rotary motion of the driving device into the linear translation motion and the rotary motion of the metal cabin door, so that the automatic opening and closing cabin door is converted into a translation and rotation opening mode from a turnover opening mode in the prior art, the motion envelope space of the automatic opening and closing cabin door is reduced, and the opening and closing of the cabin door are slightly influenced by environmental factors. The automatic switch cabin door is in the state of opening at extraterrestrial celestial body sampling reentry module transmission in-orbit in-process, is convenient for return the quick release of under-deck gas to the atmospheric pressure in the reentry module and the external quick equilibrium of reentry module have avoided additionally setting up the design of gas release hole on the reentry module, have reduced the action that the metal hatch door opened in the orbit, have improved the task reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an automatic entry and exit door of the present invention in an open position;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the automatically openable and closable hatch of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the engagement of the automatic door closer of the present invention with the door frame in the closed position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the hold-down release mechanism of the automatic hatch door of FIG. 1 in an open position;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the locking device engaged with the door frame of the automatic door closer of FIG. 1 in a closed position;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the transmission device for automatically opening and closing the hatch door of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic half-sectional view of the transmission of FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a section a-a in fig. 7.
Wherein, 1-metal hatch, 2-hatch heat-proof structure, 3-compression release device, 4-locking device, 5-transmission device, 6-driving device, 7-separation nut, 8-door frame, 9-return cabin, 10-cable, 31-compression seat, 32-compression spring, 33-spherical pad, 34-compression rod, 35-compression rod sleeve, 41-lock body, 42-lock tongue, 43-hatch lock compression spring, 44-end cover, 51-hatch shaft, 52-sleeve, 53-lead screw, 54-front guide pin, 55-rear guide pin, 56-lead screw nut, 57-rolling bearing, 58-bearing sleeve, 59-gasket, 60-nut, 511-spiral groove, 521-groove, 81-locking groove, 82-in-place switch assembly, 91-metal cabin, 92-cabin heat-proof structure, 93-heat-insulating pad
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides an automatic opening and closing cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin 9, which comprises a metal cabin door 1, a cabin door heat-proof structure 2, a compression release device 3, a locking device 4, a transmission device 5, a driving device 6 and a separation nut 7; the cabin door heat-proof structure 2 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the metal cabin door 1; in the embodiment of the present invention, the outside of the metal hatch 1 refers to a side of the metal hatch 1 facing the outside of the return capsule 9 when the metal hatch 1 is closed, and the inside of the metal hatch 1 refers to a side of the metal hatch 1 facing the inside of the return capsule 9 when the metal hatch 1 is closed;
the locking device 4 and the separation nut 7 are both fixedly arranged on the inner side of the metal cabin door 1, and the locking device 4 is used for locking the metal cabin door 1 in a closed state to the door frame 8; as shown in the structure of fig. 2, two locking devices 4 are symmetrically installed at one end of the metal hatch door 1 away from the door shaft 51, and when the metal hatch door 1 is in a closed state, the metal hatch door 1 forms three-point fixation through the door shaft 51 and the two locking devices 4, so that the metal hatch door 1 is reliably closed; the specific structure of the locking device 4 and the locking matching structure of the locking device 4 and the doorframe 8 can refer to fig. 5; the separating nut 7 can be an initiating explosive device, and when the metal cabin door 1 needs to be closed, the separating nut 7 can be separated from the compression release device 3 through initiating of the initiating explosive device, so that the unlocking of the metal cabin door 1 is realized; the initiating explosive device needs a power supply cable 10, the power supply cable 10 can move along with the metal cabin door 1, in order to avoid interference on the movement of the metal cabin door 1, the power supply cable 10 needs to be reasonably routed, bound and fixed on the metal cabin door 1, and then penetrates through the cabin through an opening near the cabin door shaft 51 on the door frame 8 to enter the return cabin 9 and be fixed;
the driving device 6 is fixedly arranged in the return cabin 9 and is used for providing driving force; the transmission device 5 is fixedly arranged on the door frame 8, is in transmission connection with the driving device 6, and comprises a door shaft 51 fixedly connected with the metal door 1, and is used for converting the rotary motion provided by the driving device 6 into the linear translational motion and the rotary motion of the metal door 1 so as to realize the opening and closing actions of the metal door 1; as shown in the structure of fig. 1, the driving device 6 and the transmission device 5 are both installed inside the return cabin 9 on one side of the door frame 8, and the transmission device 5 is located between the driving device 6 and the metal cabin door 1 and is used for driving the metal cabin door 1 to open and close by the driving force provided by the driving device 6;
the compression and release device 3 is fixedly arranged on the return cabin 9 and is matched with the separation nut 7 to realize compression, fixation and unlocking and release of the metal cabin door 1 in an open state. When the metal cabin door 1 is in an opening state, the metal cabin door 1 can be tightly pressed and fixed on the return cabin 9 through the pressing and releasing device 3, after a packaging container for collecting samples of extraterrestrial celestial bodies is sent into the return cabin 9, the pressing and releasing device 3 is unlocked, the pressing and fixing of the metal cabin door 1 is released, and then the metal cabin door 1 is closed through the transmission device 5 under the driving of the driving device 6. The transmission device 5 simultaneously realizes the functions of smooth joint movement of rotation and translation through the driving device 6, thereby realizing the closing and opening movement of the metal cabin door 1. When the metal cabin door 1 is closed, the metal cabin door 1 firstly rotates and then linearly translates, and the alignment of the metal cabin door 1 and the door frame 8 is ensured through a guide groove on the transmission device 5; when the metal cabin door 1 is opened, the locking device 4 needs to be manually unlocked on the ground, then the opening is realized through the driving of the driving device 6 and the transmission device 5, and the opening movement firstly carries out linear translation movement and then carries out rotary movement. When the metal cabin door 1 is closed in place, the locking device 4 on the metal cabin door 1 realizes locking after the door is closed.
Furthermore, the compression release device 3 is a compression rod 34 assembly and comprises a compression seat 31, a compression spring 32, a spherical pad 33, a compression rod 34 and a compression rod sleeve 35; the pressing seat 31 is detachably mounted on the return capsule 9 and is provided with a through hole for penetrating the pressing rod 34; one end of the pressing rod sleeve 35 is fixedly installed on the pressing seat 31, sleeved on the outer peripheral sides of the pressing spring 32 and the pressing rod 34 and used for restraining and guiding the pressing spring 32 and the pressing rod 34; the pressing spring 32 is sleeved on the pressing rod 34 and is positioned between the pressing rod 34 and the pressing seat 31; the pressing rod 34 is mounted in the pressing rod sleeve 35 in an axially slidable manner; the spherical pad 33 is arranged between the pressing rod 34 and the pressing seat 31 to adapt to small deflection of the pressing rod 34; when the metal hatch door 1 is in an open state, the pressing seat 31 is arranged opposite to the separation nut 7, and one end of the pressing rod 34 passes through the through hole of the pressing seat 31 and can be fixedly connected with the separation nut 7. When the metal cabin door 1 is compressed, the fixing screws of the compression seat 31 are not screwed, after the metal cabin door 1 is opened in place and is in contact fit with the compression surface on the compression seat 31, the compression rod 34 is screwed, and then the fixing screws of the compression seat 31 are screwed; when the compression constraint of the metal cabin door 1 needs to be relieved, the compression rod 34 is released by the separation nut 7 initiated by a firer, and then the compression spring 32 pulls out the compression rod 34 from the separation nut 7, so that the unlocking of the cabin door is realized.
The transmission device 5 of the automatic opening and closing cabin door converts the rotary motion of the driving device 6 into the linear translational motion and the rotary motion of the metal cabin door 1, so that the automatic opening and closing cabin door is converted into a translational and rotary opening mode from a turnover opening mode in the prior art, the motion envelope space of the automatic opening and closing cabin door is reduced, and the opening and closing of the cabin door are less influenced by environmental factors. The automatic opening and closing cabin door is in an opening state when the spacecraft is launched, so that the gas in the returning cabin 9 can be quickly released in the launching process, the on-orbit opening action of the metal cabin door 1 is reduced, and the task reliability is improved; when the metal cabin door 1 is in an open and compact state, the separating nut 7 with larger mass and volume is arranged on the metal cabin door 1, so that the volume of residual projections outside the return cabin 9 is reduced, and the reentry pneumatic characteristic of the return cabin 9 is better ensured; the transmission device 5 has the advantages that the rotary motion of the single driving device 6 is converted into sequential axial translation and circumferential rotary motion, so that the opening and closing actions of the metal cabin door 1 are realized, the transmission of a lead screw 53 of the transmission device 5 is overlapped with the center of a cabin door shaft 51 and is integrated on the same axis, the structural design of the automatic opening and closing cabin door is compact, and the space is saved.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in the structure of fig. 5, the locking device 4 includes a lock body 41, a latch tongue 42, a hatch lock compression spring 43, and an end cover 44; the lock body 41 is a sleeve 52-shaped structure and is fixedly arranged on the metal cabin door 1; the end cover 44 is fixedly arranged at one end of the lock body 41; the locking tongue 42 is slidably mounted on one end of the lock body 41 away from the end cover 44 along the axial direction of the lock body 41, and a cabin door lock compression spring 43 is abutted between the locking tongue 42 and the end cover 44; one end of the bolt 42, which is far away from the end cover 44, protrudes out of the lock body 41 and faces the outer periphery side of the metal cabin door 1, the upper surface can be a small-angle inclined surface, and the lower surface is an arc surface; when the metal hatch door 1 is in a closed state, the locking tongue 42 is clamped in the locking groove 81 of the door frame 8. As shown in the structures of fig. 2 and 5, two locking devices 4 are symmetrically installed at one end of the metal hatch door 1 far away from the door shaft 51; the in-place switch assemblies 82 corresponding to the locking devices 4 one by one are arranged on the door frame 8; the trigger switch of the position switch assembly 82 is installed in the locking groove 81; when the latch tongue 42 is engaged in the locking groove 81, the latch tongue 42 presses the trigger switch, and the on-position switch assembly 82 generates a door-closing electric signal.
Specifically, as shown in the structures of fig. 6, 7 and 8, the transmission 5 further includes a sleeve 52, a lead screw 53, a front guide pin 54, a rear guide pin 55, a lead screw nut 56 and a rolling bearing 57; the sleeve 52 is fixedly mounted on the door frame 8; the cabin door shaft 51 is in clearance fit in the sleeve 52, the outer periphery of the middle part is fixedly provided with a front guide pin 54, and the inner part of the bottom end is in clearance fit with a screw nut 56; the front guide pin 54 may be mounted on the door shaft 51 by a jack screw (not shown in the drawings); the screw nut 56 is in threaded fit with the screw 53, and the screw nut 56 and the screw 53 form a screw transmission pair; two rear guide pins 55 penetrating through the cabin door shaft 51 are symmetrically arranged on the outer peripheral side of the screw nut 56; the two rear guide pins 55 may be fixedly mounted on a lead screw nut 56 by a jackscrew (not shown in the figures); the sleeve 52 is provided with a guide groove, which may be a reverse-l-shaped groove 521 provided on the sleeve 52 and a groove (not shown) extending in the axial direction of the hatch shaft 51; the cabin door shaft 51 is provided with two spiral grooves 511 which are correspondingly matched with the rear guide pins 55 one by one; the front guide pin 54 is slidably fitted into the guide groove, and the front guide pin 54 is slid in the l-shaped groove 521, so that the front guide pin 54 can move along the l-shaped groove 521 and the door shaft 51 can perform a rotational motion and a linear translational motion; the rear guide pins 55 are simultaneously in sliding fit in the guide grooves and the spiral grooves 511, the two rear guide pins 55 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the screw nut 56, one rear guide pin 55 passes through the spiral groove 511 and then is in sliding fit with the L-shaped groove 521, the other rear guide pin 55 passes through the spiral groove 511 and then is in sliding fit with one groove, the rear guide pin 55 is driven by the screw nut 56 to perform linear translational motion, and the spiral groove 511 can also enable the cabin door shaft 51 to perform rotary motion; the other end of the screw 53 is mounted on the sleeve 52 through a rolling bearing 57 and is fixedly connected with the driving device 6; the rolling bearing 57 may be an angular contact ball bearing, and as shown in the structure of fig. 7, two angular contact ball bearings are mounted back to back at the other end of the lead screw 53; the rolling bearing 57 is pre-tightened through a gasket 59 fixedly arranged on the lead screw 53 and a nut 60, so that a gap is eliminated, the transmission precision of the rolling bearing 57 is improved, and the service life of the rolling bearing is prolonged; the shims 59 may include a center shim 59, a tuning shim 59, and a pre-tightening shim 59; the front end of the cabin door shaft 51 can be connected with metal cabin doors 1 in various shapes, and two symmetrical spiral grooves 511 are arranged on the lower half cylindrical surface of the cabin door shaft; the end of the screw 53, on which the rolling bearing 57 is mounted, is the power input end and is connected to the driving device 6. The sleeve 52 has a reverse-L-shaped slot 521 and a slot on both sides in the axial direction, and the front guide pin 54 is restrained in the reverse-L-shaped slot 521; one of the two rear guide pins 55 is simultaneously constrained in the l-shaped groove 521 of the sleeve 52 and one of the spiral grooves 511 of the hatch shaft 51, and the other is simultaneously constrained in one of the grooves of the sleeve 52 and the other spiral groove 511 of the hatch shaft 51.
When the automatic opening and closing door is opened from the closed state, the screw 53 of the transmission device 5 is driven by the driving device 6 to rotate, and the screw nut 56 and the two rear guide pins 55 mounted thereon are driven to firstly do translational motion along the L-shaped groove 521 on both sides of the sleeve 52 along the axial direction; since the two rear guide pins 55 are constrained in the two spiral grooves 511 of the door shaft 51, the door shaft 51 and the front guide pin 54 mounted thereon are indirectly driven to move in an axial translational motion along the l-shaped slot 521 on the sleeve 52 to the turn of the l-shaped slot 521, reaching the maximum axial displacement (externally represented by the door shaft 51 extending in a translational motion back to the outside of the cabin). When the door shaft 51 and the front guide pin 54 mounted thereon move to a turn along the l-shaped slot 521 on the sleeve 52, the screw nut 56 and the two rear guide pins 55 mounted thereon continue to move in a translational manner under the driving of the screw 53, so that the front guide pin 54 continues to move in a circumferential direction in the l-shaped slot 521, thereby driving the door shaft 51 to move in a circumferential direction to the end of the l-shaped slot 521 (the exterior shows that the door is opened by rotation, and the space in the cabin is exposed), and at the same time, the two rear guide pins 55 move along the two spiral slots 511 on the door shaft 51. Thus, the whole hatch opening action is completed. The closing of the door acts as the reverse of the above movement.
The matching section coating of hatch door axle 51 and sleeve 52 has the vacuum to prevent cold welding lubricant film, and the vacuum is prevented cold welding lubricant film and can be molybdenum disulfide lubricant film, and hatch door axle 51 is clearance fit with sleeve 52, prevents through the vacuum that cold welding lubricant film can reduce the friction between hatch door axle 51 and the sleeve 52 to can prevent the vacuum cold welding phenomenon.
Meanwhile, the wall of the L-shaped groove 521 and the one-shaped groove where the sleeve 52 is fitted to the front guide pin 54 and the rear guide pin 55, the lead screw 53, and the lead screw nut 56 are coated with a vacuum cold welding prevention lubricating film for preventing the vacuum cold welding phenomenon.
In order to better reduce the mechanism motion friction resistance, the front guide pin 54 and the rear guide pin 55 can be made into a rolling guide sleeve form or provided with a rolling bearing 57; according to the constraint of the motion envelope of the cabin door, the horizontal section of the L-shaped groove 521 can be made into an inclined groove with a certain angle, and the motion resistance can be better reduced.
The control of the door rotation opening angle can be achieved by designing the length of the l-shaped slot 521 on the sleeve 52 of the actuator 5 and the length of the two spiral slots 511 on the door shaft 51. The control of the extension length of the translation of the hatch is achieved by the design of the axial length of the l-shaped slot 521 on the sleeve 52 and the axial length of the relevant parts.
As shown in the structures of fig. 3 and 5, the sealed joint surface between the metal hatch 1 and the door frame 8 is a concave-convex type joint surface. The concave-convex matching surface can be an S-shaped surface, the closed binding surface of the metal cabin door 1 and the door frame 8 is designed into a concave-convex matched special-shaped section, the channeling of external high-temperature air flow can be better prevented when the returning cabin 9 enters the earth atmosphere again, and the fire-channeling-preventing effect of the metal cabin door 1 is further improved.
The peripheral surface of the heat-proof structure 2 of the cabin door is an inclined surface for guiding the closing of the cabin door, and as shown in the structure of fig. 3, an included angle α between the peripheral surface of the heat-proof structure 2 of the cabin door and the vertical direction can be 0-10 °.
The automatic opening and closing cabin door is used for an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin 9, and the extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin 9 comprises a door frame 8; the automatic opening and closing cabin door is arranged on the door frame 8 and is matched with the door frame 8 to realize opening and closing. As shown in fig. 3, the returning vessel 9 may include a metal vessel 91 and a vessel heat shielding structure 92 fixedly installed outside the metal vessel 91, and a heat insulating pad 93 may be installed between the metal vessel 91 and the door frame 8 to improve the heat insulating effect. When the metal cabin door 1 is closed, a certain gap is preset between the cabin heat-proof structure 92 and the cabin door heat-proof structure 2, so that the smooth closing process of the metal cabin door 1 is ensured, and the metal cabin door 1 and the door frame 8 can be reliably attached.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic opening and closing cabin door of an extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin is characterized by comprising a metal cabin door, a cabin door heat-proof structure, a compression release device, a locking device, a transmission device, a driving device and a separation nut;
the cabin door heat-proof structure is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the metal cabin door;
the locking device and the separation nut are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the metal cabin door, and the locking device is used for locking the metal cabin door in a closed state to the door frame;
the driving device is fixedly arranged in the return cabin and is used for providing driving force;
the transmission device is fixedly arranged on the door frame, is in transmission connection with the driving device, and comprises a door shaft fixedly connected with the metal door, and is used for converting the rotary motion provided by the driving device into the linear translation motion and the rotary motion of the metal door so as to realize the opening and closing actions of the metal door;
the compression release device is fixedly arranged on the return capsule and is matched with the separation nut to realize compression fixation and unlocking release of the metal capsule door in an opening state.
2. The automatic opening and closing door of claim 1, wherein said compression release device is a compression rod assembly and comprises a compression shoe, a compression spring, a spherical pad, a compression rod, and a compression rod sleeve;
the compression seat is detachably arranged in the return cabin and is provided with a through hole for penetrating the compression rod;
one end of the pressing rod sleeve is fixedly arranged on the pressing seat, sleeved on the outer peripheral sides of the pressing spring and the pressing rod and used for restraining and guiding the pressing spring and the pressing rod;
the pressing spring is sleeved on the pressing rod and positioned between the pressing rod and the pressing seat;
the pressing rod can be axially and slidably arranged in the pressing rod sleeve;
the spherical pad is arranged between the pressing rod and the pressing seat;
when the metal cabin door is in an opening state, the pressing seat and the separating nut are arranged oppositely, and one end of the pressing rod penetrates through the through hole of the pressing seat and can be fixedly connected with the separating nut.
3. The automatically openable and closeable door according to claim 2, wherein said breakaway nut is a pyrotechnic device.
4. The automatically opening and closing door of claim 1, wherein said locking device comprises a lock body, a locking bolt, a door lock compression spring, and an end cap;
the lock body is of a sleeve type structure and is fixedly arranged on the metal cabin door;
the end cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the lock body;
the lock bolt is arranged at one end of the lock body, which is far away from the end cover, in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the lock body, and a cabin door lock compression spring is abutted between the lock bolt and the end cover;
one end of the lock tongue, which is far away from the end cover, protrudes out of the lock body and faces the outer peripheral side of the metal cabin door, the upper surface is an inclined surface, and the lower surface is an arc surface;
when the metal cabin door is in a closed state, the lock tongue is clamped in the locking groove of the door frame.
5. The automatically openable and closable door according to claim 4 wherein two of said locking devices are symmetrically mounted on the end of said metal door remote from said door axis;
in-place switch components which correspond to the locking devices one to one are arranged on the door frame;
the trigger switch of the in-place switch assembly is arranged in the locking groove;
when the spring bolt joint in when locking the inslot, the spring bolt extrusion trigger switch, the switch module that targets in place produces the signal of telecommunication of closing the door.
6. The automatic opening and closing door of claim 1, wherein said transmission further comprises a sleeve, a lead screw, a front guide pin, a rear guide pin, a lead screw nut, and a rolling bearing;
the sleeve is fixedly arranged on the door frame;
the cabin door shaft is in clearance fit in the sleeve, the front guide pin is fixedly mounted on the outer peripheral side of the middle part of the cabin door shaft, and the screw rod nut is in clearance fit in the bottom end;
the screw nut is in threaded fit with the screw, and two rear guide pins penetrating through the cabin door shaft are symmetrically arranged on the outer peripheral side of the screw nut;
the sleeve is provided with a guide groove;
the cabin door shaft is provided with the spiral grooves which are matched with the rear guide pins in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
the front guide pin is in sliding fit with the guide groove and is used for enabling the front guide pin to move along the guide groove and enabling the cabin door shaft to realize rotary motion and linear translation motion;
the rear guide pin is in sliding fit with the guide groove and the spiral groove simultaneously;
the other end of the lead screw is arranged on the sleeve through the rolling bearing and is fixedly connected with the driving device;
the rolling bearing is pre-tightened through a gasket and a nut which are fixedly arranged on the lead screw.
7. The automatic opening and closing door of claim 6, wherein the guide groove is a l-shaped groove and a groove provided in the sleeve, and one rear guide pin is slidably fitted to the l-shaped groove and the other rear guide pin is fitted to the groove.
8. The automatic opening and closing door of claim 7, wherein the mating section of said door shaft and said sleeve is coated with a vacuum cold-welding resistant lubricant film.
9. The automatically openable and closable door according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the sealing interface between the metal door and the door frame is a male and female mating surface.
10. The automatically openable and closable door according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the perimeter of said door thermal shield is beveled to guide the closing of the door.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011065096.1A CN112278333B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011065096.1A CN112278333B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112278333A true CN112278333A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112278333B CN112278333B (en) | 2022-03-25 |
Family
ID=74422734
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011065096.1A Active CN112278333B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112278333B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114104524A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-03-01 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Sample packaging device |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030127563A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-07-10 | Laconte Richard J. | Differential pressure sensing release system |
| CN103587720A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Side-by-side combination cabin door unfolding and folding mechanism for spacecraft |
| CN209037880U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of the hatch door retaining mechanism and bay door system of spacecraft |
| CN110963090A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-04-07 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Redundant unlocking and time sequence control releasing mechanism for small satellite transmission |
| CN111605731A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Manned spacecraft large-drift-diameter rectangular sealed cabin door device |
-
2020
- 2020-09-30 CN CN202011065096.1A patent/CN112278333B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20030127563A1 (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2003-07-10 | Laconte Richard J. | Differential pressure sensing release system |
| CN103587720A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-02-19 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Side-by-side combination cabin door unfolding and folding mechanism for spacecraft |
| CN209037880U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-06-28 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | A kind of the hatch door retaining mechanism and bay door system of spacecraft |
| CN110963090A (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2020-04-07 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Redundant unlocking and time sequence control releasing mechanism for small satellite transmission |
| CN111605731A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Manned spacecraft large-drift-diameter rectangular sealed cabin door device |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114104524A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-03-01 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Sample packaging device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112278333B (en) | 2022-03-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US10328792B2 (en) | Lid device | |
| CN112278333B (en) | Automatic opening and closing cabin door of extraterrestrial celestial body sampling returning cabin | |
| US5364046A (en) | Automatic compliant capture and docking mechanism for spacecraft | |
| CN107352052B (en) | Linkage type solar wing unlocking and unfolding mechanism | |
| CN110550236B (en) | Self-split locking and releasing device | |
| WO2022089580A1 (en) | Large force reduction ratio low-impact release mechanism for linear low-impact separation device | |
| US20210246695A1 (en) | Cover opening-closing device | |
| US11136811B2 (en) | Connection mechanism for thin wall tube | |
| CN113277124B (en) | Unlocking separation device based on split nut | |
| US2949822A (en) | Bomb release mechanism | |
| US2984211A (en) | Door closure thruster | |
| CN114013664A (en) | Battery compartment subassembly and unmanned aerial vehicle | |
| US11745845B2 (en) | Emergency opening device for an aircraft door, comprising a telescopic operating member | |
| EP3360777B1 (en) | Opening and secure-closing system for aircraft doors | |
| CN111071500B (en) | Material cabin outer exposure friction wheel movement mechanism and on-orbit inspection device | |
| US4669354A (en) | Fully redundant mechanical release actuator | |
| US3059207A (en) | Explosive disconnect | |
| US4848034A (en) | Quick-release latch and access door | |
| TW202014590A (en) | Locking device and door driving unit including the same | |
| EP3473790A1 (en) | Rotatable closing device for doors and hatches provided with offset handle and latch | |
| GB2432881A (en) | Latch retention device with rotating contact element | |
| US3252417A (en) | Arming and firing mechanism | |
| CN113279628A (en) | Toggle latch mechanism | |
| KR102115433B1 (en) | Spring assembly for fairing opening device of space lanch vehicle | |
| US20200131814A1 (en) | Door handle assembly |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |