CN112276382B - Method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting - Google Patents
Method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112276382B CN112276382B CN202011176530.3A CN202011176530A CN112276382B CN 112276382 B CN112276382 B CN 112276382B CN 202011176530 A CN202011176530 A CN 202011176530A CN 112276382 B CN112276382 B CN 112276382B
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- wire
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- laser cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing metal pills by laser cutting, which comprises the steps of S1, fixing a metal wire on a wire disc; s2, one end of the metal wire is led into the forming chamber through a wire feeding wheel of a wire feeder; s3, starting a laser cutting head arranged above the forming chamber, releasing a laser beam and protective gas by the laser cutting head, adjusting the power and pulse frequency of the laser cutting head, and adjusting the pressure of the protective gas; s4, starting the wire feeder, enabling the metal wire to move forward under the action of the wire feeder, and adjusting the wire feeding speed of the wire feeder; and S5, cutting the metal wire by using the laser cutting head, forming spherical liquid drops by the cut metal wire under the heating action of the laser beam, and solidifying the liquid drops into metal pills in the process of falling into the forming chamber. The method for preparing the metal shots by adopting the laser cutting can prepare the metal shots with high melting points and high hardness, is beneficial to developing metal shots with more varieties and better quality, and meets the requirements of shot blasting treatment on different metal shots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal pill preparation, and particularly relates to a method for preparing metal pills by laser cutting.
Background
The shot blasting process is one common method of cleaning part surface, and includes high speed rotation of impeller or high pressure airflow to make metal shot impact the part surface to eliminate oxide in the surface and obtain smooth and clean appearance, eliminate part stress, raise surface hardness, raise corrosion resistance and raise coating adhesion. The shot blasting treatment has the advantages of high cleaning speed and low energy consumption, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by acid washing is avoided. The spray (cast) pellets are widely applied to the industries of container production and manufacturing, shipbuilding, automobiles, casting, forging, heat treatment, locomotives, steel structures, steel pipes, machinery, mines, aviation, pressure vessels, stone materials and the like.
The metal shot used in the shot blasting process has a particle size of 0.1-3 mm, and is mainly steel shot, including cast steel shot, alloy steel shot, stainless steel shot, high-elasticity steel shot, etc.
The current manufacturing process of steel shots is divided into an atomization method and a mechanical cutting method. The atomization method is that molten steel is made to pass through a certain equipment to form a metal liquid film on the surface of a rotating cone, and then atomized into fine molten drops under the action of centrifugal force and surface tension and thrown out, so that the molten drops are solidified into solid metal pellets in the flight process. The mechanical cutting method is to cut the steel wire into small segments by a cutting tool, and then to grind the irregular steel wire segments into spherical pellets with smooth surfaces by a ball milling method. Both of the above methods are not suitable for manufacturing metal shots with high melting point and high hardness, so that the types of the metal shots are very limited, and only cast steel shots, stainless steel shots and the like are available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing metal pills by laser cutting, which solves the problems that the existing metal pill preparation method cannot prepare high-melting-point and high-hardness metal pills and has complex process.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting, comprising the steps of:
s1, fixing the metal wire on the wire disc;
s2, one end of the metal wire is led into the forming chamber through a wire feeding wheel of a wire feeder;
s3, starting a laser cutting head arranged above the forming chamber, releasing a laser beam and protective gas by the laser cutting head, adjusting the power and pulse frequency of the laser cutting head, and adjusting the pressure of the protective gas;
s4, starting the wire feeder, enabling the metal wire to move forward under the action of the wire feeder, and adjusting the wire feeding speed of the wire feeder;
and S5, cutting the metal wire by using the laser cutting head, forming spherical liquid drops by the cut metal wire under the heating action of the laser beam, and solidifying the liquid drops into metal pills in the process of falling into the forming chamber.
Preferably, in step S1, the diameter of the metal wire is 0.1mm to 5 mm.
Preferably, in step S3, the laser beam is one of YAG laser, fiber laser, or carbon dioxide laser, the laser power is 50W-5000W, and the laser pulse frequency is 0.1Hz-100 Hz.
Preferably, in step S3, the protective gas is one of argon and nitrogen, and the gas pressure is 0.12MPa to 0.3 MPa.
Preferably, in step S4, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding wheel is 1mm/S-20 mm/S.
Preferably, in step S5, the diameter of the metal pellet is 0.1mm to 5 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the laser beam has high capacity density, can quickly fuse various metal wires and is suitable for preparing metal pills with high melting point.
2) The laser beam cutting does not need a cutter or a die, and is suitable for preparing high-hardness metal shots.
3) The laser cutting method completes the cutting and spheroidizing of the metal wire in one step and has simple process.
4) The laser beam power, frequency and other parameters have high control precision, wide regulation range and homogeneous metal pill size.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of an embodiment of the method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting according to the invention.
Reference numerals
1. A laser beam; 2. a shielding gas; 3. a forming chamber; 4. a metal shot; 5. a metal wire; 6. a wire feeding wheel; 7. and (4) a silk disc.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, wherein the following examples are provided for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions and providing detailed embodiments and specific procedures, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
A method of making metal pellets using laser cutting, comprising the steps of:
and S1, fixing the metal wire on a wire disc, wherein the wire disc has a supporting function on the metal wire. The wire disc can adopt the existing wire disc structure for fixing the metal wire.
And S2, introducing one end of the metal wire into the forming chamber through a wire feeding wheel of the wire feeder, wherein the wire feeder adopts the existing structure, the wire feeding wheel on the wire feeder drives the metal wire to move by means of the friction force between the wire feeding wheel and the metal wire, and the metal wire enters the forming chamber at a constant speed under the action of the wire feeding wheel.
S3, starting a laser cutting head arranged above the forming chamber, releasing a laser beam and protective gas by the laser cutting head, wherein the laser beam is used for cutting the metal wire, and the protective gas protects the metal wire to prevent the metal wire from being oxidized at high temperature. The protective gas is distributed around the laser beam, and the protective gas can prevent sparks and splashed molten metal generated by the laser beam in the cutting process from entering the laser cutting head and has a protective effect on the laser cutting head. The power and pulse frequency of the laser cutting head are adjusted according to the material and diameter of the cut metal wire and the diameter of the metal shot to be obtained, and the pressure of the protective gas is adjusted.
And S4, starting the wire feeder, enabling the metal wire to move forwards under the action of the wire feeder, and adjusting the wire feeding speed of the wire feeder. The wire feed speed is adjusted according to the diameter of the cut wire and the diameter of the metal shot to be obtained.
And S5, cutting the metal wire by using the laser cutting head, forming spherical liquid drops by the cut metal wire under the heating action of the laser beam, and solidifying the liquid drops into metal pills in the process of falling into the forming chamber.
In step S1, the diameter of the wire is 0.1mm to 5 mm.
In step S3, the laser beam is one of YAG laser, fiber laser or carbon dioxide laser, the laser power is 50W-5000W, and the laser pulse frequency is 0.1Hz-100 Hz.
In step S3, the protective gas is one of argon and nitrogen, and the gas pressure is 0.12MPa-0.3 MPa.
In step S4, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeder is 1mm/S-20 mm/S.
In step S5, the diameter of the metal shot is 0.1mm-5 mm.
The metal wire cutting device adopts a pulse laser beam as a cutting medium, the laser beam irradiates on the metal wire, and the metal wire made of various materials can be cut and fused by utilizing the ultrahigh temperature of the laser beam. The cut metal wire is heated and melted under the action of the ultrahigh temperature of the laser beam, the melted metal wire forms spherical liquid drops under the action of surface tension, the liquid drops leave the end part of the metal wire to fly freely under the action of the blowing force of protective gas and the self gravity, and the liquid drops are solidified into solid metal pills and fall into a forming chamber in the flying process.
Example one
The raw material is molybdenum wire (melting point 2610 ℃), and the diameter of the wire is 0.18 mm.
The wire feed speed of the molybdenum wire was 10 mm/s.
The laser beam is YAG laser with power of 200W.
The laser pulse frequency was 20 Hz.
The protective gas is argon, and the gas pressure is 0.12 MPa.
The diameter of the obtained spherical molybdenum metal pellet is 0.2 mm.
Example two
The raw material is high-speed steel W6Mo5Cr4V2 (normal temperature hardness HRC65, 600 ℃ hardness HRC48), and the diameter of the high-speed steel wire is 2.5 mm.
The wire feed speed of the high speed steel wire is 2 mm/s.
The laser beam is YAG laser with power of 500W.
The laser pulse frequency was 1 Hz.
The protective gas is argon, and the gas pressure is 0.3 MPa.
The diameter of the obtained spherical high-speed steel metal shot is 2.5 mm.
Therefore, the method for preparing the metal pill by adopting laser cutting can solve the problems that the existing metal pill preparation method can not prepare the metal pill with high melting point and high hardness and the process is complex; the method can prepare high-melting-point and high-hardness metal shots, is beneficial to developing metal shots with more varieties and better quality, and meets the requirements of shot blasting treatment on different metal shots.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fixing the metal wire on the wire disc;
s2, one end of the metal wire is led into the forming chamber through a wire feeding wheel of a wire feeder;
s3, starting a laser cutting head arranged above the forming chamber, releasing a laser beam and protective gas by the laser cutting head, adjusting the power and pulse frequency of the laser cutting head, and adjusting the pressure of the protective gas;
s4, starting the wire feeder, enabling the metal wire to move forward under the action of the wire feeder, and adjusting the wire feeding speed of the wire feeder;
s5, cutting the metal wire by using a laser cutting head, forming spherical liquid drops by the cut metal wire under the heating action of laser beams, and solidifying the liquid drops into metal pills in the process of falling into a forming chamber;
in the step S1, the diameter of the metal wire is 0.1mm-5 mm;
in the step S3, the pressure of the protective gas is 0.12MPa to 0.3 MPa.
2. A method of producing metal pellets by laser cutting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the laser beam is one of YAG laser, fiber laser or carbon dioxide laser, the laser power is 50W-5000W, and the laser pulse frequency is 0.1Hz-100 Hz.
3. A method of producing metal pellets by laser cutting according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the protective gas is one of argon and nitrogen.
4. A method of producing metal pellets by laser cutting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the wire feeding speed of the wire feeding wheel is 1mm/S-20 mm/S.
5. A method of producing metal pellets by laser cutting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S5, the diameter of the metal shot is 0.1mm-5 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011176530.3A CN112276382B (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011176530.3A CN112276382B (en) | 2020-10-29 | 2020-10-29 | Method for preparing metal shots by laser cutting |
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| CN112276382A CN112276382A (en) | 2021-01-29 |
| CN112276382B true CN112276382B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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| CN114272863B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-12-16 | 浙江亚通新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of core-shell structure composite microspheres |
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| CN2547474Y (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2003-04-30 | 攀枝花标盛冶金制造有限责任公司 | Metal wire equidistance pellet-cutting apparatus |
| US8136379B2 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2012-03-20 | Kabushiki Kaisha Itaya Seisaku Sho | Helical part manufacturing apparatus and control method thereof |
| CN101927422B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2011-09-28 | 贵州大学 | Manufacture technology of steel wire cut pill |
| CN107175337A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-19 | 加拿大艾浦莱斯有限公司 | A kind of metal powder preparation method and its device based on plasma atomization technique |
| CN206966538U (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-02-06 | 盐城赛普金属制品有限公司 | Make the ball cutter for steel wire of ball blast abrasive material |
| CN210692492U (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-06-05 | 中芯长电半导体（江阴）有限公司 | Vertical routing equipment |
| CN111531077A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-14 | 王认认 | Metal abrasive machining process |
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