CN112276370A - Three-dimensional code laser marking method and system based on spatial light modulator - Google Patents
Three-dimensional code laser marking method and system based on spatial light modulator Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/064—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms
- B23K26/0643—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by means of optical elements, e.g. lenses, mirrors or prisms comprising mirrors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional code laser marking method and a system based on a spatial light modulator, belonging to the field of laser processing, wherein a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator, and the method comprises the following steps: extracting contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image to generate a corresponding contour image; respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of a holographic algorithm light field model to perform iterative computation so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image; and sequentially inputting each target phase to a spatial light modulator to perform phase modulation on the incident laser beam and then outputting a Bessel beam, so that each contour image is sequentially marked on the target material. The spatial light modulator is used for three-dimensional code laser marking, multi-focus marking is achieved under the condition that a light path is not changed, marking speed is improved, and marking uniformity and resolution are improved through Bessel light beams.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser processing, and particularly relates to a three-dimensional code laser marking method and system based on a spatial light modulator.
Background
The two-dimensional code is a square code consisting of black and white squares. With the development and popularization of computer and network industries, due to the open source characteristic of the two-dimensional code, the storage capacity is insufficient, the stored data structure is single, the confidentiality is insufficient, and the defects of weak anti-counterfeiting and anti-copying capabilities limit the next development of the two-dimensional code in the internet of things. The random three-dimensional code is added with random color information on the basis of the two-dimensional code and is processed on a special multilayer anti-counterfeiting material, so that the random three-dimensional code has the characteristics of three-dimension, uniqueness and no duplication, the two-dimensional code and the anti-counterfeiting material are combined, the defect that a common two-dimensional code is easy to copy is overcome, and the random three-dimensional code can be widely applied to products needing strict anti-counterfeiting marks.
At present, in the field of two-dimensional code and three-dimensional code laser marking, a high-speed positioning and marking system combined with a laser galvanometer is generally adopted, the system carries out quick marking on a target area through vector scanning and moving the galvanometer, the actual marking effect depends on the quality of a laser beam output by the laser galvanometer, the main output adjusting mode is to adjust the duty ratio output by the laser galvanometer so as to change the laser power, and the scanning is slower when a series of two-dimensional codes are marked on a large scale. Meanwhile, the control of the galvanometer is mostly limited to small amplitude swing of the galvanometer in all directions, and multiple marking of the multi-galvanometer or single galvanometer is needed when multi-focus marking is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and improvement requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a three-dimensional code laser marking method and a three-dimensional code laser marking system based on a spatial light modulator, aiming at realizing multi-focus marking under the condition of unchanging a light path by utilizing the spatial light modulator, improving the marking speed, improving the marking uniformity and resolution by modulating and outputting Bessel beams by the spatial light modulator, and having the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, small loss and low cost.
In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional code laser marking method based on a spatial light modulator, in which a phase shift fresnel lens, a spatial grating, and a bessel shaping lens are superimposed, the method including: s1, randomly converting the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a three-dimensional code color image, and extracting contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block; s2, respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of a holographic algorithm light field model to carry out iterative computation so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image; and S3, sequentially inputting each target phase to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator outputs Bessel beams after performing phase modulation on incident laser beams according to the received target phase, and sequentially marking each contour image on a target material.
Further, the S1 includes: generating the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice according to the initial information; dividing the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a plurality of minimum marking units, and adding random color blocks to generate the three-dimensional code color image; and diffusing the three-dimensional code color image by using a corrosion algorithm to extract the outline information of each color block.
Furthermore, the holographic algorithm light field model is generated based on a simulated annealing algorithm and an intensity transmission equation, and the generated holographic algorithm light field model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to introduce a degree of freedom in amplitude
The light field amplitude values output by the sub-iteration,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
as a factor influencing the signal field,
target light as signal regionThe strength of the composite material is strong,
is as follows
The output of the noisy region after the sub-iteration,
is as follows
The complex phase after the secondary iteration is carried out,
in units of imaginary numbers.
Further, the iterative equation of the phase in the holographic algorithm light field model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
、
、
which is indicative of the plane of incidence,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be the gradient convergence parameter,
is the iterative convergence direction.
Further, the step S2 of performing iterative computation by using the preset phase corresponding to each of the contour images as an initial value of the light field model of the holographic algorithm includes: setting the amplitude of each contour image as a target amplitude, and reading a corresponding preset phase in a preset configuration file according to each target amplitude; and respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of the holographic algorithm light field model, and taking the target amplitude corresponding to each contour image as a target value of the holographic algorithm light field model for iterative computation to obtain each target phase.
Further, before outputting the bessel beam in S3, the method further includes: and shielding zero polar light in the Bessel light beam and then outputting the Bessel light beam.
Further, before outputting the bessel beam in S3, the method further includes: and reserving zero polar light in the Bessel light beam and outputting the Bessel light beam so as to mark each contour image on a target material in sequence.
Further, in S3, the horizontal position and the axial focus of the bessel beam are adjusted by adjusting the phase-shift fresnel lens and/or the spatial grating.
Still further, before the S1, the method further includes: increasing the light damage threshold of the spatial light modulator to 40W/cm by physical cooling2-150W/cm2。
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a three-dimensional code laser marking system based on a spatial light modulator, in which a phase shift fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a bessel shaping lens are superimposed, the system including: the conversion and extraction module is used for randomly converting the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a three-dimensional code color image and extracting contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image so as to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block; the calculation module is used for respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of a holographic algorithm light field model to carry out iterative calculation so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image; the superposition module is used for superposing a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens in the spatial light modulator; and the modulation and marking module is used for sequentially inputting each target phase to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator outputs Bessel beams after performing phase modulation on incident laser beams according to the received target phases, and the contour images are sequentially marked on a target material.
Generally, by the above technical solution conceived by the present invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
(1) three-dimensional code information is added on the basis of the black-and-white two-dimensional code and the dot matrix, so that the anti-counterfeiting property, the randomness and the storage capacity of the two-dimensional code are improved; acquiring corresponding three-dimensional profile information, sequentially loading three holographic phase diagrams corresponding to the three-dimensional profile information to a spatial light modulator for three-dimensional code laser marking, realizing multi-focus marking under the condition of no change of a light path, and improving the marking speed;
(2) a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bezier shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator to shape an incident laser beam into the Bezier beam, so that the marking uniformity and resolution are improved under the same laser power, and marking at different positions and focuses can be realized under the condition of not changing the laser beam;
(3) when the modulation phase is calculated in an iterative mode, the iterative step length is increased, the three-dimensional code light field energy uniformity is designed to serve as an iterative condition, and the marking resolution and the marking speed are optimized simultaneously;
(4) the marking resolution is further improved by separating and shielding the zero-pole light in the Bessel light beam.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a three-dimensional code laser marking method based on a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional code marking device formed based on a spatial light modulator;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a marking process of a three-dimensional code laser marking method based on a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional code laser marking system based on a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like elements or structures, wherein:
the laser device comprises a laser 1, a half-wave plate beam splitter combination 2, a reflector 3, a beam expander 4, a spatial light modulator 5, an upper computer 6, a diaphragm 7, a focusing system 8 and a focusing surface 9.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like (if any) in the description and the drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a three-dimensional code laser marking method based on a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, a detailed description will be given of the method for laser marking three-dimensional code based on a spatial light modulator in this embodiment with reference to fig. 2 to 3, where the method includes operations S1 to S3.
In operation S1, the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice is randomly converted into a three-dimensional code color image, and the contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image is extracted to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block.
Operation S1 includes sub-operation S11-sub-operation S13, according to an embodiment of the invention.
In sub-operation S11, the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice is generated according to the initial information. The initial information refers to data information to be encoded.
In sub-operation S12, the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice is divided into a plurality of minimum scale units, and random color patches are added to generate a three-dimensional code color image. The minimum marking unit refers to a minimum black and white square grid forming a two-dimensional code or a two-dimensional dot matrix. In the embodiment, the color information is randomly generated by taking the minimum graphic unit as a unit, the color complexity is ensured to be moderate, the three-dimensional code with higher randomness is obtained by directly growing the color seeds, and the obtained three-dimensional code color image consists of color blocks with three different colors. Due to the randomness of the color blocks, the randomness of the color image of the three-dimensional code is ensured, so that the three-dimensional code is difficult to copy, and the anti-counterfeiting capability is improved. The three-dimensional code color image generated in operation S12 is shown in the leftmost diagram in fig. 3.
In sub-operation S13, the three-dimensional code color image is diffused using an erosion algorithm to extract contour information of each color block. Further, the color block of the same color is extracted to form a contour image corresponding to the color block, so that three contour images can be generated, and the three contour images respectively correspond to the color blocks of three different colors. The generated outline image is shown in the second column of the left side of fig. 3.
And operation S2, performing iterative computation by using the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of the light field model of the holographic algorithm, so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the holographic algorithm light field model is generated based on a simulated annealing algorithm and an Intensity transmission Equation (TIE), and the generated holographic algorithm light field model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to introduce a degree of freedom in amplitude
The light field amplitude values output by the sub-iteration,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
as a factor influencing the signal field,
is the target light intensity of the signal region,
is as follows
The output of the noisy region after the sub-iteration,
is as follows
The complex phase after the secondary iteration is carried out,
in units of imaginary numbers. The light field model calculates by using the light field energy uniformity and the point array condition uniformity as iteration conditions, so that the resolution of three-dimensional code marking is improved. The iterative equation of the phase in the holographic algorithm light field model is as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
、
、
which is indicative of the plane of incidence,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be the gradient convergence parameter,
is the iterative convergence direction. Compared with the traditional iteration equation, the iteration step size in the iteration equation is changed from 1, 2, 3, 4 … … to 20、21、22、23… …, the larger iteration step size increases the speed of the three-dimensional code on-line marking. It is understood that the holographic algorithm light field model generated based on other algorithms can also implement operation S2, and the holographic algorithm light field model generated based on the simulated annealing algorithm and the intensity transfer equation provided in this embodiment has better advantagesThe marking resolution and the marking speed.
Operation S2 includes sub-operation S21 and sub-operation S22, according to an embodiment of the invention.
In sub-operation S21, the amplitude of each contour image is set to a target amplitude, and a corresponding preset phase is read in a preset configuration file according to each target amplitude.
For the three contour images generated in operation S1, the amplitudes of the three contour images are calculated, respectively, and the amplitudes are the target amplitudes for laser marking. The preset configuration file stores conventional three-dimensional code scale modulation related information, for example, including a preset phase, and the preset phase is used as an initial phase of the computed hologram.
In sub-operation S22, the preset phase corresponding to each contour image is used as the initial value of the light field model, and the target amplitude corresponding to each contour image is used as the target value of the light field model to perform iterative computation, so as to obtain each target phase.
For any contour image, substituting the initial phase corresponding to the contour image into the holographic algorithm light field model for iterative computation to obtain a corresponding iterative phase and a light field amplitude corresponding to the iterative phase, stopping iterative computation until the light field amplitude obtained by a certain iteration is equal to the target amplitude corresponding to the contour image, and setting the iterative phase obtained by the iterative computation as a target phase, thereby obtaining a holographic phase map corresponding to each contour image, as shown in the third column on the left side of fig. 3.
In the embodiment of the invention, a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator.
The spatial light modulator is a device that can modulate a parameter of an optical field through liquid crystal molecules under active control, so as to write certain information into an optical wave and achieve the purpose of modulating the optical wave, such as modulating the amplitude, phase, polarization state, and the like of the optical wave. The modulation effect of the spatial light modulator is customizable. In this embodiment, the spatial light modulator is controlled to achieve the phase modulation effect of the phase shift fresnel lens, the spatial grating, and the bessel shaping lens.
The phase of the Bezier shaping lens is loaded, so that the incident laser beam can be modulated and shaped into the Bezier beam by the Gaussian beam, and compared with the common Gaussian beam, the edge light intensity distribution is more uniform when the seal type marking of the dot matrix is carried out. By loading the space grating and the phase shift Fresnel lens, the horizontal position and the axial focus position of the three-dimensional code marking can be adjusted without moving a platform.
In operation S3, the target phases are sequentially input to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator phase-modulates the incident laser beam according to the received target phases and outputs a bessel beam, thereby sequentially marking the profile images on the target material.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a marking device used for marking a three-dimensional code is shown in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 2, the marking device includes a laser 1, a half-wave plate beam splitter assembly 2, a reflector 3, a beam expander 4, a spatial light modulator 5, an upper computer 6, a diaphragm 7, a focusing system 8, and a focusing surface 9. The three-dimensional code laser marking method based on the spatial light modulator is executed in an upper computer 6, and the upper computer 6 is a computer.
The laser 1 is, for example, a fiber laser, has a power range of 10W-20W, a wavelength of 1064nm, and a pulse width of 20ns, and the laser 1 may be replaced according to the damage threshold and the operating wavelength of the spatial light modulator 5. The half-wave plate beam splitter combination 2 is used for controlling the energy of the laser beam output by the laser 1 and preventing the output power of the laser beam from exceeding the damage threshold of the spatial light modulator 5. The beam expander 4 is used for ensuring that the diameter of the laser beam is slightly larger than the liquid crystal surface of the spatial light modulator 5, so that the limited pixels of the spatial light modulator 5 are fully utilized and the uniformity of the light intensity of the whole modulation surface is improved. The polarization direction of the laser beam at the beam expander 4 should be consistent with the liquid crystal molecular orientation of the liquid crystal surface to ensure that the modulation process is pure phase modulation. The spatial light modulator 5 is connected to the upper computer 6, and phase modulation is performed on the laser beam by loading the composite phase diagram output from the upper computer 6 and outputs a bessel beam. When the light beam output from the spatial light modulator 5 has a plurality of diffraction orders, the +1 order modulated light passes through the stop 7 and the other light is blocked outside the stop 7 at the time of high-precision marking. The focusing system 8 is used for focusing the modulated bessel beam onto a marking plane, which is located at the focusing plane 9. The target material is located at the focal plane 9.
Laser beams generated by the laser 1 sequentially pass through the half-wave plate beam splitter assembly 2, the reflecting mirror 3 and the beam expanding mirror 4 and then reach the spatial light modulator 5, the spatial light modulator 5 performs phase modulation on the laser beams under the control of the upper computer 6 to output Bessel beams, the Bessel beams sequentially pass through the diaphragm 7 and the focusing system 8 and then reach the focusing surface 9, and target materials at the focusing surface 9 are marked.
Further, in order to improve the marking precision and the marking pattern uniformity, the spatial light modulator 5 loads a bessel shaping lens to modulate the laser beam into a bessel beam before performing phase modulation on the laser beam; and then loading a target phase corresponding to any contour image, adding a phase shift Fresnel lens and a spatial grating, and adjusting the horizontal position and the axial focus of the Bessel light beam by adjusting the phase shift Fresnel lens and/or the spatial grating to achieve the purpose of marking different focal lengths of different color regions. After the laser beam passes through the spatial light modulator 5, the three-dimensional code parts corresponding to the different color information are marked at different focal lengths near the marking surface, and finally an anti-counterfeiting three-dimensional code pattern with a concave-convex surface is formed, as shown in the rightmost diagram of fig. 3.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the spatial light modulator 5 is controlled to shield the zero-pole light in the bessel beam and output the bessel beam in operation S3, so as to sequentially mark each contour image on the target material. Thereby effectively improving the marking resolution.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the spatial light modulator 5 is controlled to retain the zero-pole light in the bessel beam and output the bessel beam in operation S3, so as to sequentially mark each contour image on the target material. Thereby enhancing the light utilization rate under the condition of ensuring the marking resolution.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, before performing operation S1, it is necessary to increase the light damage threshold of the spatial light modulator to 40W/cm by physical cooling2-150W/cm2To accord with the markAnd (4) demand. Examples of the physical cooling method include water cooling and air cooling.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a three-dimensional code laser marking system based on a spatial light modulator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking system 400 includes a conversion and extraction module 410, a calculation module 420, and a modulation and marking module 430. A phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator.
The extraction module 410 performs, for example, operation S1, to randomly convert the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a three-dimensional code color image, and extract contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block.
The calculating module 420 performs operation S2, for example, to perform iterative calculation respectively using the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of the light field model of the holographic algorithm to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image.
The modulation and marking module 430, for example, performs operation S3 to sequentially input each target phase to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator outputs bessel beams after performing phase modulation on the incident laser beams according to the received target phases, so as to sequentially mark each contour image on the target material.
The spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking system 400 is used for executing the spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking method in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 3. For details that are not described in the present embodiment, please refer to the method for laser marking of three-dimensional code based on spatial light modulator in the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, which will not be described herein again.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A three-dimensional code laser marking method based on a spatial light modulator is characterized in that a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, randomly converting the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a three-dimensional code color image, and extracting contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block;
s2, respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of a holographic algorithm light field model to carry out iterative computation so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image;
and S3, sequentially inputting each target phase to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator outputs Bessel beams after performing phase modulation on incident laser beams according to the received target phase, and sequentially marking each contour image on a target material.
2. The spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking method according to claim 1, wherein the S1 comprises:
generating the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice according to the initial information;
dividing the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a plurality of minimum marking units, and adding random color blocks to generate the three-dimensional code color image;
and diffusing the three-dimensional code color image by using a corrosion algorithm to extract the outline information of each color block.
3. The spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking method according to claim 1, wherein the holographic algorithm light field model is generated based on a simulated annealing algorithm and an intensity transmission equation, and the generated holographic algorithm light field model is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
to introduce a degree of freedom in amplitude
The light field amplitude values output by the sub-iteration,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
as a factor influencing the signal field,
is the target light intensity of the signal region,
is as follows
The output of the noisy region after the sub-iteration,
is as follows
The complex phase after the secondary iteration is carried out,
in units of imaginary numbers.
4. The spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking method according to claim 3, wherein the iterative equation of the phase in the holographic algorithm light field model is:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
、
、
which is indicative of the plane of incidence,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be able to perform the number of iterations,
is as follows
The phase distribution of the sub-iteration is,
in order to be the gradient convergence parameter,
is the iterative convergence direction.
5. The method for laser marking of the spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code according to any of the claims 1 to 4, wherein the step of performing the iterative computation by using the preset phase corresponding to each of the contour images as the initial value of the light field model of the holographic algorithm in the step S2 comprises:
setting the amplitude of each contour image as a target amplitude, and reading a corresponding preset phase in a preset configuration file according to each target amplitude;
and respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of the holographic algorithm light field model, and taking the target amplitude corresponding to each contour image as a target value of the holographic algorithm light field model for iterative computation to obtain each target phase.
6. The method for laser marking three-dimensional code based on spatial light modulator according to claim 1, wherein before outputting the bessel beam in S3, further comprising: and shielding zero polar light in the Bessel light beam and then outputting the Bessel light beam.
7. The method for laser marking three-dimensional code based on spatial light modulator according to claim 1, wherein before outputting the bessel beam in S3, further comprising: preserving zero-pole light in the Bessel beam and outputting the Bessel beam.
8. The method for laser marking three-dimensional code based on spatial light modulator according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal position and the axial focus of the bessel beam are adjusted by adjusting the phase shift fresnel lens and/or the spatial grating in S3.
9. The spatial light modulator-based three-dimensional code laser marking method according to claim 1, wherein before the S1, the method further comprises: increasing the light damage threshold of the spatial light modulator to 40W/cm by physical cooling2-150W/cm2。
10. The three-dimensional code laser marking system based on the spatial light modulator is characterized in that a phase shift Fresnel lens, a spatial grating and a Bessel shaping lens are superposed in the spatial light modulator, and the system comprises:
the conversion and extraction module is used for randomly converting the target two-dimensional code or the target two-dimensional lattice into a three-dimensional code color image and extracting contour information of each color block in the three-dimensional code color image so as to generate a contour image corresponding to each color block;
the calculation module is used for respectively taking the preset phase corresponding to each contour image as an initial value of a holographic algorithm light field model to carry out iterative calculation so as to obtain a target phase corresponding to each contour image;
and the modulation and marking module is used for sequentially inputting each target phase to the spatial light modulator, so that the spatial light modulator outputs Bessel beams after performing phase modulation on incident laser beams according to the received target phases, and the contour images are sequentially marked on a target material.
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