CN112273380A - Spray auxiliary agent for mango trees and application thereof - Google Patents
Spray auxiliary agent for mango trees and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spray auxiliary agent for mango trees and application thereof. The spray assistant for mango trees provided by the invention comprises an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient comprises polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate. The active ingredient of the spray assistant for mango trees is fatty acid ester surfactant, so that the surface tension of water and liquid medicine can be reduced, the contact angle between liquid medicine fog drops and leaf surfaces can be reduced, and the maximum coverage can be achieved; therefore, the spreading, attaching and wetting functions of the pesticide spray liquid drops on the plant leaf surfaces are improved, and the pesticide can be more uniformly distributed on the mango leaves, so that the pesticide effect is improved, the using amount of the pesticide is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced. The spray assistant for the mango trees is suitable for various spray pesticides for the mango trees, including insecticides, bactericides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, leaf fertilizers and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a spray auxiliary agent for mango trees and application thereof in the field of agricultural plant protection.
Background
The pesticide adjuvant is a general term for various auxiliary materials used in the processing and application of pesticide dosage forms. Each pesticide adjuvant has a specific function: some of the active ingredients have the function of diluting the active ingredients; some can help the original medicine to be evenly dispersed in the preparation; some can prevent the fog drops from condensing and growing; some can increase the wettability, adhesiveness or permeability of the particles; some can prevent the decomposition of effective components; and the safety of the application can be improved in some cases. In summary, the pesticide adjuvant is intended to improve the physical or chemical properties of the pesticide, maximize the efficacy of the pesticide or facilitate safe application.
The spraying auxiliary agent is a general term of the auxiliary agent applied in spraying. The reason for the application of the spray assistant is that the problem of low effective utilization rate of pesticide generally exists in the prior pesticide application technology, particularly the spray pesticide application technology.
When the pesticide preparation is used, a corresponding spreading agent is frequently required to be added, and the aim is to deal with the situation that the spray spreading liquid medicine often flows and is not attached to plant leaves and pests. The surface of plants and pests is actually provided with hydrophobic wax and silk, and the dispersion liquid is not easy to adhere. The adhesive and wetting properties of the pesticide liquid are improved by the surfactant of the main component, and the effect of the pesticide is more stably shown by the spreader. It is important to maximize the effect of agricultural chemicals and to grasp the characteristics and the method of application, and when a functional spreader is used, it is also important to select an appropriate type, an appropriate product from the selected type, and to use an appropriate amount. Especially, the proper combination application matched with the function, the use amount, the pesticide, the crop and the environmental condition of the spreader has very important significance.
Mango is an evergreen big tree of the family Anacardiaceae, a leaf leatheroid. During the mango planting process, anthracnose, powdery mildew, mango gummosis and fruit rot and other diseases may be encountered, and pests such as brevifilis, scale insects, noctuid transversus, anthurium and striped leaf weevil and the like are also encountered, so that corresponding pesticides are required to be applied to prevent and control the pests and the diseases. In the mango planting process, plant growth regulators, leaf fertilizers and the like are also applied. These pesticides and foliar fertilizers may be applied by spraying. At present, no spraying auxiliary agent suitable for mango trees is reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to obviously reduce the contact angle and the surface tension between the pesticide liquid or the mist drops of the foliar fertilizer and the leaf surface of the mango, thereby improving the pesticide effect or the fertilizer effect, reducing the usage amount of the pesticide and the foliar fertilizer and reducing the environmental pollution.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a spray auxiliary agent for mango trees.
The spray assistant for mango trees provided by the invention comprises an active ingredient (effective ingredient) and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient comprises polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate.
In the spray assistant for mango trees, the proportion of the polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and the polyethylene glycol monolaurate can be determined by a person skilled in the art according to the effect of improving the pesticide effect and the fertilizer effect of mango trees by using the spray assistant for mango trees, for example, the mass ratio of the polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate to the polyethylene glycol monolaurate can be 1: 1.
In the spray assistant for mango trees, the mass ratio of the active ingredient to the auxiliary material can be 3: 7.
In the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees, the auxiliary materials can be wetting agents, defoaming agents, preservatives and/or water.
In actual production, if the production amount of the spray assistant for mango trees is small, the defoaming agent is not needed, and if the production amount of the spray assistant for mango trees is large, the defoaming agent can be used.
In the actual production, if the spray assistant for mango trees is stored for a short time, the spray assistant can be used without preservative.
In the spray assistant for mango trees, the auxiliary materials can be composed of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water.
In the spray assistant for mango trees, the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the dimethyl silicone oil, the formaldehyde and the water in the auxiliary materials can be 6:1:1: 132.
In the spray assistant for mango trees, the spray assistant for mango trees can be prepared by the following method: the preparation method of the spray assistant for mango trees comprises the following steps: and mixing polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water according to the mass ratio, and homogenizing to obtain the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees.
In the preparation method, the homogenization can be colloid mill homogenization; the gap between a stator and a rotor adopted in the colloid mill homogenization is 2 microns, the linear speed of the rotor is 1000-1500 rpm, 1500-2000 rpm or 2000-2500 rpm, the homogenization time is 3-5 minutes, and the homogenized liquid is kept stand for 1-2 hours at the temperature of below 40 ℃ to obtain the spray auxiliary agent for the mango trees.
The following P1 or P2 applications also belong to the scope of protection of the invention:
the application of P1, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in preparing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees;
use of P2, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate to improve the efficacy of a medicament on mango and/or to improve the efficacy of foliar fertilisers on mango, said medicament being one which can be applied to mango by spraying.
In the above P1, the spray assistant for mango trees comprises polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate as active ingredients.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention also provides a method for improving the pesticide effect of the pesticide on the mangoes and/or improving the fertilizer effect of the foliar fertilizer on the mangoes.
The method for improving the pesticide effect of a pesticide on mango and/or improving the fertilizer effect of a foliar fertilizer on mango comprises the steps of preparing the pesticide and/or the foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding a spray auxiliary agent for mango trees into the spray liquid, enabling the mass content of the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees to be 0.12/1000-1.1/1000 (such as 1/3000-0.36/1000), obtaining a spray liquid containing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees, and applying the spray liquid containing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees to mango through spraying so as to improve the pesticide effect of the pesticide on mango and/or improve the fertilizer effect of the foliar fertilizer on mango; the agent is an agent that can be applied to mangoes by spraying.
In the above method, the agent may be a bactericide, an insecticide and/or a plant growth regulator.
The spray assistant for mango trees is also a spreading agent for mango trees and is a non-ionic assistant.
The active ingredient of the spray assistant for mango trees is fatty acid ester surfactant, so that the surface tension of water and liquid medicine can be reduced, the contact angle between liquid medicine fog drops and leaf surfaces can be reduced, and the maximum coverage can be achieved; therefore, the spreading, attaching and wetting functions of the pesticide spray liquid drops on the plant leaf surfaces are improved, and the pesticide can be more uniformly distributed on the mango leaves, so that the pesticide effect is improved, the using amount of the pesticide is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced. The spray assistant for the mango trees is suitable for various spray pesticides for the mango trees, including insecticides, bactericides, herbicides, plant growth regulators, leaf fertilizers and the like. Experiments prove that the spray assistant for mango trees can obviously reduce the contact angle and the surface tension between liquid medicine or foliar fertilizer fog drops and mango leaf surfaces, thereby improving the pesticide effect or fertilizer effect, reducing the use amount of pesticide and foliar fertilizer and reducing the environmental pollution.
The invention relates to a spraying auxiliary agent which is researched and developed for improving the adhesion, expansion and wetting of mango tree pest prevention and control agent spraying mist drops on blades under the support of a national key research and development plan 'high-efficiency transmission and deposition mechanism and regulation and control of chemical pesticides to targets' (project number: 2017YFD0200300) and a basic scientific research service charge special fund (1630042017018) of Chinese tropical agricultural academy of sciences, and can be added into a diluted agent for spraying application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the appearance of a spray adjuvant for a difatty acid ester mango tree.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The examples provided below serve as a guide for further modifications by a person skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation of the invention in any way.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate of the following examples is available from Kao (Shanghai) trade company, Inc. under the trade list number RHEODOL TW-O120V, CAS: 9005-65-6, purity of 100%. Color (Gardner) Gardner color 5, pH 6.9, Acid Value 0.54mgKOH/g, Saponification Value Saponification Value 48.9mgKOH/g, Hydroxyl Value 69.3mgKOH/g, water content water 2.8%, Viscosity Viscosity (25 ℃)435 mPas, Residue on ignition 0.04%.
Polyethylene glycol monolaurate in the following examples is available from Kao (Shanghai) trade company Limited under the catalog number EMANON 1112, CAS: 9004-81-3, color (APHA)25, Acid Value 0.28mgKoH/g, Ester Value 87.5mg KOH/g, Loss on Drying 0.01% and Residue on ignition 0.00%.
Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate in the following examples is sold by Shanghai King chemical company, catalog number NEOPELEX G-30, registration number of chemical abstracts: 696669-44-9, 30.4% by weight.
The dimethicone in the following examples is available from Shanghai Merlne biochemistry Ltd, CAS: 63148-62-9, viscosity is 100 + -8 Pa.s.
The aqueous formaldehyde solution in the following examples is a product of Dow Elkoda Chemicals, Inc., CAS: 50-00-0, content 40%.
Example 1 preparation of spray adjuvant for mango tree
The inventor of the invention screens polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate from a large amount of existing fatty acid ester substances as active ingredients of the mango tree spraying aid, and prepares the mango tree spraying aid (the mango tree spraying aid) capable of remarkably reducing contact angles between fog drops and mango leaf surfaces by matching auxiliary materials (such as wetting agents, antifoaming agents, preservatives and water).
1. The spray assistant for mango trees
The spraying auxiliary agent for mango trees is named as double-fatty-acid-ester spraying auxiliary agent for mango trees and comprises an active ingredient and auxiliary materials, wherein the mass ratio of the active ingredient to the auxiliary materials is 3: 7. The active ingredients consist of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate, and the mass ratio of the polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate to the polyethylene glycol monolaurate is 1: 1. The auxiliary materials comprise sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water, wherein the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the dimethyl silicone oil to the formaldehyde to the water is 6:1:1: 132.
The preparation method of the spray auxiliary agent for the double fatty acid ester mango trees comprises the following steps: adding 150g of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and 150g of polyethylene glycol monolaurate into 652.5g of water, adding 30g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5g of dimethyl silicone oil and 12.5g of formaldehyde aqueous solution (the mass content of formaldehyde is 40 percent), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution; and injecting the mixed solution into a colloid mill for homogenization under the following conditions to obtain a homogenized solution: the gap between the stator and the rotor of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the linear speed of the rotor is 1000 rpm, and the homogenizing time is 3-5 minutes. Standing the homogeneous solution at 40 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the double fatty acid ester spray auxiliary agent for mango trees. The spraying assistant agent for the double fatty acid ester mango tree is light yellow liquid with the viscosity of 192.6mPa.s (figure 1).
Adding distilled water into 1.1g of the spray auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester until the mass of the solution is 1000g, and obtaining 1.1/1000 of spray auxiliary agent solution (the number is M13) for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester.
Adding distilled water into 0.36g of the spray auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester until the mass of the solution is 1000g, and obtaining a 0.36/1000 spray auxiliary agent solution (the number is N13) for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester.
Adding distilled water into 0.12g of the spray auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester until the mass of the solution is 1000g, and obtaining the spray auxiliary agent solution (the number is O13) for the mango tree with the 0.12/1000 double fatty acid ester.
2. Spray auxiliary agent for contrast mango tree
The single fatty acid ester spray aids for mango trees tested in the screening experiments are listed below. The spraying aid for the fatty acid monoester mango trees comprises an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the mass ratio of the active ingredient to the auxiliary material is 3: 7. The auxiliary materials of the spraying auxiliary agent are the same as the spraying auxiliary agent for the fatty acid diester mango trees, and all the auxiliary materials consist of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water, and the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the dimethyl silicone oil to the formaldehyde to the water is 6:1:1: 132. The spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the fatty acid monoester and the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the fatty acid diester are different only in active ingredients. The active component of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango trees is polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate.
The preparation method of the fatty acid monoester spraying auxiliary agent for mango trees comprises the following steps: adding 300g of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate into 652.5g of water, adding 30g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 5g of dimethyl silicone oil and 12.5g of formaldehyde aqueous solution (the mass content of formaldehyde is 40%), and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution; and injecting the mixed solution into a colloid mill for homogenization under the following conditions to obtain a homogenized solution: the gap between the stator and the rotor of the colloid mill is 2 microns, the linear speed of the rotor is 1000 rpm, and the homogenizing time is 3-5 minutes. Standing the homogeneous solution at 40 ℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the fatty acid monoester mango spraying auxiliary agent.
Adding distilled water into 1.1g of the single fatty acid ester spray auxiliary agent 1 for mango trees until the mass of the solution is 1000g, and obtaining 1.1/1000 of single fatty acid ester spray auxiliary agent solution (the number is Y1) for mango trees.
Adding distilled water into 0.36g of the single fatty acid ester spray auxiliary agent for mango trees until the mass of the solution is 1000g, and obtaining 0.36/1000 of single fatty acid ester spray auxiliary agent solution for mango trees (the number is Y2).
3. The contact angle of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with double fatty acid esters on mango leaves is obviously smaller than that of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with single fatty acid esters
The spreading, attachment and wetting functions of the spray aids for mango trees were evaluated by contact angle. The measurement is carried out by using a contact angle measuring instrument according to the following method: selecting 1 month-old mango tree Brilliant mango leaves with the same size as much as possible, randomly mixing the leaves uniformly, and randomly dividing the leaves into 12 groups, wherein each group comprises 6 leaves: spraying treatment is carried out on the front surface of a distilled water blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the back surface of the distilled water blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the front surface of a 1.1/1000 double fatty acid ester mango tree using a spraying aid solution blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the back surface of a 0.36/1000 double fatty acid ester mango tree using a spraying aid solution blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the front surface of a 0.12/1000 double fatty acid ester mango tree using a spraying aid solution blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the front surface of a 1.1/1000 single fatty acid ester mango tree using a spraying aid solution blade, spraying treatment is carried out on the front surface of a 0.36/1000 single fatty acid ester mango tree using a spraying aid solution blade, spraying treatment is carried out, Spraying treatment is carried out on the back of the blade of a 0.36/1000 fatty acid monoester mango tree by using a spraying auxiliary agent solution. The operation of each treatment was identical except that the liquid applied to the leaves was different.
Every group takes 6 fresh mango leaves on the slide glass, and 3 are placed with the back of the leaf upwards to the front of the leaf. The slide glass was placed on a contact angle measuring instrument (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai-Zhongchen digital technology Equipment Co., Ltd.), the liquid medicine to be measured was taken with a sample injector and placed on the contact angle measuring instrument, 2. mu.l of the liquid medicine was dropped on the front and back of mango leaves, respectively, the contact angle value of the liquid medicine at 15min of mango leaves was measured with the contact angle measuring instrument, and the measurement was repeated 3 times for each liquid medicine to find the average value. The liquid medicines to be tested are distilled water, 1.1/1000 double fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, 0.36/1000 double fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, 0.12/1000 double fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, 1.1/1000 mono fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees and 0.36/1000 mono fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees respectively.
The result shows that under the same dilution, the contact angle of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester with the front surface of the blade and the contact angle of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester with the back surface of the blade are both obviously smaller than those of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with the single fatty acid ester. For example, the contact angle of the spraying treatment of the front surface of the spraying aid solution for the mango tree with 0.36/1000 fatty acid diester is 27.63 degrees (50.55-22.92-27.63 degrees) less than the contact angle of the spraying treatment of the front surface of the spraying aid solution for the mango tree with 1.1/1000 fatty acid monoester; the contact angle of the spraying treatment on the back surface of the leaf of the spraying aid for the mango tree with the fatty acid diester of 0.36/1000 is 38.30 degrees (64.54-26.24-38.30) less than that of the spraying treatment on the back surface of the leaf of the spraying aid 1 solution for the mango tree with the fatty acid monoester of 0.36/1000 (tables 1 and 2).
TABLE 1 variation of contact angle of difatty acid ester mango tree spray aids at different dilution concentrations on mango leaves
TABLE 2 variation of contact angle of Monofatty acid ester spray adjuvant 1 for mango trees on mango leaves at different dilution concentrations
4. Spreading effect of spraying auxiliary agent for difatty acid ester mango trees on different medicaments
The spreading effect of the fatty acid ester-diformate spray auxiliary for mango trees on different medicaments is illustrated by taking spinetoram (bactericide, the united states of the terres Yinong company), pyraclostrobin (bactericide, basf plant protection (Jiangsu) Co., Ltd.), gibberellic acid (plant growth regulator, Shanghai Tongli Biotech Co., Ltd.) as an example. The names, specifications, dosage forms and dilution multiples of tested medicaments are shown in table 3, the liquid medicament number in table 3 represents liquid medicament for spraying leaves, the liquid medicament is obtained by diluting medicaments of corresponding dosage forms to corresponding dilution multiples (mass multiples) by using distilled water, for example, first 3 represents liquid medicament obtained by diluting an spinetoram suspending agent by using distilled water by 1000 times according to mass, and the liquid medicament is called ethyl spinetoram suspending agent 1000-time diluent for short; a second 3 represents a liquid medicine obtained by diluting the spinetoram suspending agent by using distilled water by 2000 times according to the mass, and is called as spinetoram suspending agent 2000 times diluent for short; secondly, 3 represents a liquid medicine obtained by diluting pyraclostrobin missible oil by 1000 times according to the mass by using distilled water, which is called as a 1000-time diluent of the pyraclostrobin missible oil for short; secondly 3, a liquid medicine obtained by diluting pyraclostrobin missible oil by 2000 times according to the mass of distilled water is called pyraclostrobin missible oil 2000 times diluent for short; third 3, the liquid medicine obtained by diluting the gibberellic acid missible oil by 1000 times according to the mass of distilled water is called as 1000 times of the gibberellic acid missible oil diluent for short; third 3 is the liquid medicine obtained by diluting the gibberellic acid missible oil 4000 times by mass with distilled water, which is called as 4000 times diluted liquid of the gibberellic acid missible oil for short.
Adding a double-fatty-acid-ester spraying aid for mango trees into 1000-time diluent of the spinetoram suspension to enable the content of the double-fatty-acid-ester spraying aid for mango trees to be 0.36/1000, and naming the obtained liquid as the 1000-time diluent of the spinetoram suspension and the spraying aid, wherein the number of the diluent is methyl (r) N; adding a spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with double fatty acid esters into 2000-fold diluent of the spinetoram suspending agent to enable the content of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango tree with double fatty acid esters to be 0.36/1000, and naming the obtained liquid as the spinetoram suspending agent 2000-fold diluent and the spraying auxiliary agent, wherein the serial number of the diluting agent is methyl (N); adding a spraying auxiliary agent for the mango trees with the difatty acid ester into 1000-time diluent of the pyraclostrobin missible oil to enable the content of the spraying auxiliary agent for the mango trees with the difatty acid ester to be 0.36/1000, and naming the obtained liquid as the 1000-time diluent of the pyraclostrobin missible oil and the spraying auxiliary agent, wherein the number of the liquid is B (r) N; adding a spray auxiliary agent for a difatty acid ester mango tree into 2000 times of the pyraclostrobin missible oil diluent to enable the content of the spray auxiliary agent for the difatty acid ester mango tree to be 0.36/1000, and naming the obtained liquid as the pyraclostrobin missible oil diluent plus the spray auxiliary agent, wherein the serial number of the pyraclostrobin missible oil diluent is B and N; adding a spraying auxiliary agent for the double fatty acid ester mango trees into 1000-time diluent of the gibberellic acid missible oil to enable the content of the spraying auxiliary agent for the double fatty acid ester mango trees to be 0.36/1000, and naming the obtained liquid as 1000-time diluent of the gibberellic acid missible oil and the spraying auxiliary agent, wherein the serial number of the diluent is third (N); adding a spraying aid for the difatty acid ester mango trees into 4000-fold diluent of the gibberellic acid missible oil to enable the content of the spraying aid for the difatty acid ester mango trees to be 0.36/1000, and obtaining a liquid named as 4000-fold diluent of the gibberellic acid missible oil and the spraying aid, wherein the serial number of the diluent is propane and N.
TABLE 3 medicinal liquid
In Table 4, the liquid numbered CK is distilled water; the liquid with the number of N13 is a 0.36/1000 double fatty acid ester spraying aid solution for mango trees, which is obtained by adding distilled water into 0.36g of double fatty acid ester spraying aid for mango trees until the mass of the solution is 1000 g.
The spreading effect of the spray auxiliary agent for the difatty ester mango trees on different medicaments is evaluated through contact angles and surface tension. The contact angle was measured as follows: the measurement was carried out by using a contact angle measuring instrument (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai Med digital technology Equipment Co., Ltd.) according to the following method: selecting 1 month-old mango tree Brilliant mango leaves with the size as consistent as possible, randomly mixing uniformly, randomly dividing into 14 groups, and each group comprises 6 leaves: a distilled water leaf front spray treatment group (test No. 1 in table 5, liquid of code CK is sprayed on the leaf front) and a distilled water leaf back spray treatment group (test No. 1 in table 5, liquid of code CK is sprayed on the leaf back), a 0.36/1000 fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees (code N13), a leaf front spray treatment group (test No. 2 in table 5, liquid of code N13 is sprayed on the leaf front), a 0.36/1000 fatty acid ester spray aid solution for mango trees, a leaf back spray treatment group (test No. 2 in table 5, liquid of code N13 is sprayed on the leaf back), a spinetoram suspending agent 1000-fold diluent liquid leaf front spray treatment group (test No. 3 in table 5, liquid of code first 3 is sprayed on the leaf front), a spinetoram suspending agent 1000-fold diluent leaf back spray treatment group (test No. 3 in table 5, spraying a liquid with the number of first 3 on the back surface of a blade), spraying a diluent of 2000 times of a spinetoram suspending agent on the front surface of the blade for treating the front surface of the blade (the test number in table 5 is 4, spraying a liquid with the number of first 3 on the front surface of the blade), spraying a diluent of 2000 times of a spinetoram suspending agent on the back surface of the blade for treating the back surface of the blade (the test number in table 5 is 4, spraying a liquid with the number of first 3 on the back surface of the blade), spraying a diluent of 1000 times of pyraclostrobin missible oil on the front surface of the blade for treating the front surface of the blade (the test number in table 5 is 5, spraying a liquid with the number of second 3 on the back surface of the blade) spraying a diluent of 1000 times of the pyraclostrobin missible oil on the back surface of the blade (the test number in table 5 is 6, spraying a liquid with the number of second 3 on the front surface of the blade for treating the blade) and spraying a diluent of 2000 times of pyraclostrobin missible, A pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate 2000-time diluent blade back spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 6, and a liquid with the number b (r) 3 is sprayed on the back of the blade), a gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate 1000-time diluent blade front spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 7, and a liquid with the number c (r) 3 is sprayed on the front of the blade), a gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate 1000-time diluent blade back spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 7, and a liquid with the number c (r) 3 is sprayed on the back of the blade), a gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate 4000-time diluent blade front spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 8, a liquid with the number c (r) 3 is sprayed on the front of the blade), a gibberellic acid emulsifiable concentrate 4000-time diluent blade back spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 8, and a liquid with the number (r) 3 is sprayed on the back of the blade), a spinetoram suspending agent 1000-time diluent and a spraying auxiliary agent front spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 9, spraying and spraying a liquid with the number of first N on the front surface of a blade, spraying 1000 times of a diluent of an spinetoram suspending agent, spraying a spraying assistant and spraying the back surface of the blade to a treatment group (the test number of the table 5 is 9, spraying the liquid with the number of first N on the back surface of the blade), spraying 2000 times of the diluent of the spinetoram suspending agent, spraying an assistant and spraying the front surface of the blade to a treatment group (the test number of the table 5 is 10, spraying the liquid with the number of first N on the front surface of the blade), spraying 2000 times of the diluent of the spinetoram suspending agent, spraying the back surface of the assistant and spraying the back surface of the blade to a treatment group (the test number of the table 5 is 11, spraying the liquid with the number of second N on the front surface of the blade), spraying 1000 times of the pyraclostrobin and spraying the back surface of the blade to a treatment group (the test number of the table 5 is 11, spraying liquid with the number of second N on the back of the blade, spraying liquid with the number of 2000 times of pyraclostrobin missible oil, spraying treatment group for the front of the spraying auxiliary agent blade (the test number in table 5 is 12, spraying liquid with the number of second N on the front of the blade), spraying treatment group for the 2000 times of pyraclostrobin missible oil, spraying treatment group for the back of the spraying auxiliary agent blade (the test number in table 5 is 12, spraying liquid with the number of second N on the back of the blade), spraying treatment group for 1000 times of gibberellic acid missible oil, spraying treatment group for the front of the spraying auxiliary agent blade (the test number in table 5 is 13, spraying liquid with the number of third N on the front of the blade), spraying treatment group for 1000 times of gibberellic acid missible oil, spraying treatment group for the back of the spraying auxiliary agent blade (the test number in table 5 is 16, spraying liquid with the number of third N on the back of the blade), spraying treatment group for 4000 times of the gibberellic acid missible oil and spraying treatment group for the front, spraying liquid with the number of third to fourth N on the front surface of the leaf, 4000 times of diluent of gibberellic acid missible oil and spraying treatment group of spraying auxiliary agent on the back surface of the leaf (the test number in table 5 is 14, and the liquid with the number of third to fourth N is sprayed on the back surface of the leaf). The operation of each treatment group was identical except that the liquid sprayed onto the leaves was different.
Every group takes 6 fresh mango leaves on the slide glass, and 3 are placed with the back of the leaf upwards to the front of the leaf. The slide glass was placed on a contact angle measuring instrument (model JC2000D1, manufactured by Shanghai-Zhongchen digital technology Equipment Co., Ltd.), the liquid medicine to be measured was taken with a sample injector and placed on the contact angle measuring instrument, 2. mu.l of the liquid medicine was dropped on the front and back of mango leaves, respectively, the contact angle value of the liquid medicine at 15min of mango leaves was measured with the contact angle measuring instrument, and the measurement was repeated 3 times for each liquid medicine to find the average value. The liquid medicine to be measured is 14 kinds of liquid, CK, N13, first 3, second 3, third 3, second 3, first N, second N, third N and third N.
The surface tension of the following 14 liquids was measured by platinum plate method using a fully automatic tensiometer (model JK99F, manufactured by Shanghai Mediterranean digital technology Equipment Co., Ltd.): 14 kinds of liquid are numbered CK, N13, first (3), second (3), third (3), first (N), second (N), third (N) and third (N). Before the experiment begins, the weight of the full-automatic tensiometer needs to be corrected, and a platinum plate needs to be cleaned and burned when each sample is measured.
The results show that the spraying auxiliary agent for mango trees, namely the spraying auxiliary agent for mango trees with double fatty acid esters, can obviously reduce the contact angle between the spraying liquid of spinetoram (bactericide), pyraclostrobin (bactericide) and gibberellic acid (plant growth regulator) and mango leaves, if the contact angle of the 1000-time diluent of the spinetoram suspending agent and the spraying assistant spraying treatment group on the front surface of the leaves (the test number in table 5 is 9, and the spraying treatment group on the front surface of the leaves is liquid with the number of first N) is 1.11 degrees, and the contact angle of the 1000-time diluent of the spinetoram suspending agent and the spraying treatment group on the front surface of the leaves (the test number in table 5 is 3, and the spraying treatment group on the front surface of the leaves is liquid with the number of first 3) is 28.23 degrees, the mango spraying assistant reduces the contact angle of the liquid medicine and the front surface of the mango leaves by 96.1% ((28.23-1.11)/28.23 ═ 96.1%); the contact angle of the 1000-time diluent and spraying aid leaf back spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 9, the spraying and spraying liquid with the number in the leaf back is first N) of the spinetoram suspending agent is 18.41 degrees, the contact angle of the 1000-time diluent and spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 3, the spraying and spraying liquid with the number in the leaf back is first 3) of the spinetoram suspending agent is 27.43 degrees, and the contact angle of the liquid medicine and the mango leaf back is reduced by 32.9% by the aid of the spraying aid for mango trees (27.43-18.41)/27.43 is 32.9%); the contact angle of the pyraclostrobin missible oil 1000 times of the diluent and the spraying assistant blade front spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 11, the spraying number of the liquid on the front surface of the blade is B (R) N) is 2.61 degrees, the contact angle of the pyraclostrobin missible oil 1000 times of the diluent and the blade front spraying treatment group (the test number in table 5 is 5, the spraying number of the liquid on the front surface of the blade is B (R) 3) is 27.24 degrees, and the contact angle of the liquid medicine and the front surface of mango leaves is reduced by 90.4% by the spraying assistant for mango trees (27.24-2.61)/27.24 is 90.4%); the contact angle of the gibberellic acid emulsifiable solution 1000 times of the diluent and the spraying assistant agent applied to the front surface of the leaves is 17.45 degrees (the test number in table 5 is 13, the spraying assistant agent is applied to the front surface of the leaves is propane N), the contact angle of the gibberellic acid emulsifiable solution 1000 times of the diluent applied to the front surface of the leaves is 26.56 degrees (the test number in table 5 is 7, and the spraying assistant agent is applied to the front surface of the leaves is propane 3), and the contact angle of the liquid medicine and the front surface of the mango leaves is reduced by 34.3% (26.56-17.45)/26.56-34.3%).
The result shows that the surface tension of each medicament is smaller than that of distilled water, namely the extension effect of the liquid drop of each medicament on the plant leaves is better than that of the distilled water; along with the increase of the dilution times of the medicaments, the surface tension of the liquid medicament is also slightly increased; the surface tension of the liquid medicine is different and has larger difference between different concentrations of the same medicament and between different medicaments, namely the extension conditions of liquid drops with different concentrations of the same medicament and liquid drops with different medicaments on plant leaves are different; the spraying assistant for mango trees has the function of reducing the surface tension of pesticide liquid drops, and shows that the extension speed of pesticide liquid drops on plant leaves is increased after the spraying assistant for mango trees is compounded with pesticide.
TABLE 4 contact angles for the tests and surface tensions of the liquids
Example 2 the spray adjuvant for mango trees, a spray adjuvant for mango trees of di-fatty acid ester, of the invention improves the pesticide effect of a pesticide on mango
The field test is carried out in Miscanthus orchard in Adinance, Mitsui, Hainan province. Selecting 12 mango trees with the tree ages of more than 10 years. The test is totally provided with 4 treatments of a normal concentration group (recommended concentration) without using a spraying aid, a normal concentration group (N13+ recommended concentration) with using the spraying aid, a 2-time normal concentration group (2-time recommended concentration) without using the spraying aid and a blank group, each treatment group treats 3 mango trees, and the 4 treatment groups have the same operation except that sprayed liquid medicine is different. Spraying 400-time diluent of 60g/L spinetoram (Ellzium) per plant in 8 months and 3 days without using a spraying aid normal concentration group; the spraying aid normal concentration group is used for spraying 400 times of diluent of 60g/L spinetoram (El) and the spraying aid on each plant in 8 months and 3 days, the spraying aid 2 times of normal concentration group is not used for spraying 200 times of diluent of 60g/L spinetoram (El) on each plant in 8 months and 3 days, and no medicament is used in the blank group. And (3) surveying the number of thrips on each mango tree in 8 months and 6 days, wherein the thrips surveying method comprises the steps of respectively selecting a cluster of twigs in three directions of each mango tree, selecting 5 leaves on the top of each cluster of twigs, and surveying the number of thrips on each leaf.
Wherein the 400-time dilution liquid of 60g/L spinetoram (Elgreen) is a liquid medicine obtained by diluting 60g/L spinetoram with distilled water by 400 times according to mass; the 60g/L of 400-fold diluent of spinetoram (Elgreen) and the spraying aid are liquid obtained by adding the spraying aid for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester in the embodiment 1 into the 60g/L of 400-fold diluent of spinetoram to enable the mass content of the spraying aid for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester to be 1/1000; the 200-time dilution liquid of 60g/L spinetoram (Elgreen) is a liquid medicine obtained by diluting 60g/L spinetoram by 200 times according to mass with distilled water; the test results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5, synergistic effect of spray adjuvant for double fatty acid ester mango trees on prevention and treatment of mango thrips
Note: data in the same column were not significantly different for the same lower case (P <0.05) and were significantly different for the same upper case (P < 0.01).
The experimental result shows that the average control effect of the thrips in the group without the spraying auxiliary agent and with the normal concentration is 75.77 percent, and the average control effect of the thrips in the group with the spraying auxiliary agent and with the normal concentration is 85.64 percent; the average control effect of thrips in the group without the spraying auxiliary agent with 2 times of the normal concentration is 93.30 percent. The results show that the spraying aid for mango trees, namely the difatty acid ester, is added into the normally applied liquid medicine, the addition amount is 1/1000, and the control effect of the pesticide on mango tree pests (thrips) can be remarkably improved (Table 6).
Example 3 the spray adjuvant for mango trees, a spray adjuvant for mango trees with di-fatty acid ester, of the invention improves the pesticide effect of a pesticide on mango
Test site: the field test is carried out in Miscanthus orchard in Adinance, Mitsui, Hainan province.
Testing fruit trees: selecting 15 mango trees with the tree ages of more than 10 years.
The pesticide used is: emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and the spray assistant for mango trees.
The test method comprises the following steps: the test is totally provided with 5 treatments, each treatment treats 3 mango trees, and each treatment group is respectively as follows: normal concentration group, reduced 15% pesticide + N13 group, reduced 25% pesticide + N13 group, reduced 35% pesticide + N13 group, and reduced 50% pesticide + N13 group. Each of the 5 treatment groups treated 3 mango trees had the same operation except that the sprayed liquid medicines were different. The liquid medicine sprayed by the normal concentration group is the recommended concentration solution of emamectin benzoate, the liquid medicine sprayed by the group of 15% pesticide and N13 is the solution of 15% pesticide and N13, the liquid medicine sprayed by the group of 25% pesticide and N13 is the solution of 25% pesticide and N13, the liquid medicine sprayed by the group of 35% pesticide and N13 is the solution of 35% pesticide and N13, and the liquid medicine sprayed by the group of 50% pesticide and N13 is the solution of 50% pesticide and N13. Wherein the recommended concentration solution of emamectin benzoate is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water into 5mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and fixing the volume to 3L by using the distilled water; the 15% reduction pesticide + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1g of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester in the embodiment 1 into 4.25mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and fixing the volume to 3L by using the distilled water; the 25% reduction pesticide + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1g of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester in the embodiment 1 into 3.75mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion), and fixing the volume to 3L by using the distilled water; the solution of pesticide + N13 with the concentration reduced by 35 percent is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1g of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with the double fatty acid ester in the embodiment 1 into 3.25mL of emamectin benzoate (5 percent microemulsion) and fixing the volume to 3L by using the distilled water; the 50% reduction of the pesticide + N13 solution is a liquid obtained by adding distilled water and 1g of the spraying assistant for the mango tree with the difatty acid ester in example 1 to 2.5mL of emamectin benzoate (5% microemulsion) and fixing the volume to 3L with distilled water.
The first pesticide application is carried out on 19 days in 12 months in 2018, 500mL of pesticide liquid is applied to each mango tree, the number of thrips in each mango tree blossom cluster is investigated respectively on 20 days in 12 months in 2018 (1 st day of pesticide application) and 22 days in 12 months in 12 days (1 st day of pesticide application) and on 3 days in 12 months in 2018, the second pesticide application is carried out on 22 days in 12 months in 2018, 500mL of pesticide liquid is applied to each mango tree, and the number of thrips in each mango tree blossom cluster is investigated respectively on 23 months in 2018 (2 th day of pesticide application) and on 25 days in 12 months in 2 days in 3 days in pesticide application.
The investigation method comprises the following steps: a cluster of mango flowers are respectively selected from each mango tree in three directions, flapping is carried out on a piece of white paper for three times, and the number of thrips on the white paper is counted to calculate the control effect (see table 6-table 10). The results show that the control effect of each treatment has no obvious difference on the 1 st day after the application of the pesticide for 1 time and the 1 st day after the application of the pesticide for 2 times; on the 3 rd day after 1 application, the thrips control effect of 15% reduced pesticide + N13 group, 25% reduced pesticide + N13 group and 35% reduced pesticide + N13 group is obviously higher than that of the normal concentration group; on the 3 rd day after 2 applications, the thrips prevention and treatment effects of the 15% reduced pesticide group and the N13 group and the 25% reduced pesticide group and the N13 group are obviously higher than those of the normal concentration group and still can reach more than 85%, and the spraying assistant for mango trees can reduce the application dosage of emamectin benzoate by 15-25%. The spray auxiliary for mango trees obviously improves the pesticide effect, reduces the usage amount of pesticide and reduces the environmental pollution.
TABLE 6 thrips control effect of 1 application on day 1
Note: the difference between treatment groups without the same lower case letters was significant (P < 0.05).
TABLE 7 thrips control effect of each treatment on day 3 of 1 application
Note: the difference between treatment groups without the same lower case letters was significant (P < 0.05).
TABLE 8 thrips control effect of each treatment on day 1 of 2 applications
Note: the difference between treatment groups without the same lower case letters was significant (P < 0.05).
TABLE 9 thrips control effect of each treatment on day 3 of 2 applications
Note: the difference between treatment groups without the same lower case letters was significant (P < 0.05).
TABLE 10 preventive and therapeutic effects on thrips for each treatment
Note: the difference between treatment groups without the same lower case letters was significant (P < 0.05).
The present invention has been described in detail above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention can be practiced in a wide range of equivalent parameters, concentrations, and conditions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and without undue experimentation. While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated that the invention can be further modified. In general, this application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. The use of some of the essential features is possible within the scope of the claims attached below.
Claims (10)
1. The spray auxiliary agent for the mango trees comprises an active ingredient and an auxiliary material, wherein the active ingredient comprises polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate.
2. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the active ingredients, the mass ratio of polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate to polyethylene glycol monolaurate is 1: 1.
3. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the active ingredients to the auxiliary materials is 3: 7.
4. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the auxiliary materials are wetting agents, defoaming agents, preservatives and/or water.
5. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 4, characterized in that: the auxiliary materials consist of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water.
6. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the auxiliary materials, the mass ratio of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the dimethyl silicone oil, the formaldehyde and the water is 6:1:1: 132.
7. The spray assistant for mango trees according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the spray aid for mango trees is prepared according to the method of claim 8.
8. The method for preparing the spray assistant for mango trees as claimed in claim 5 or 6, comprising the steps of: mixing polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dimethyl silicone oil, formaldehyde and water, and homogenizing to obtain the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees as claimed in claim 4 or 5.
9, P1, P2 or P3:
the application of P1, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in preparing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees;
use of P2, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate to improve the efficacy of a medicament on mango and/or to improve the efficacy of foliar fertilisers on mango, the medicament being one which can be applied to mango by spraying;
the application of P3, polyoxyethylene-20 sorbitan monooleate and polyethylene glycol monolaurate in preventing and treating mango insect pest and/or disease.
10. The method for improving the pesticide effect of the pesticide on the mangoes and/or improving the fertilizer effect of the foliar fertilizer on the mangoes is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preparing a medicament and/or a foliar fertilizer into a spray liquid, adding the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees as defined in any one of claims 1-6 into the spray liquid to enable the mass content of the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees to be 0.12/1000-1.1/1000, obtaining the spray liquid containing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees, and applying the spray liquid containing the spray auxiliary agent for mango trees to mango trees through spraying so as to improve the pesticide effect of the medicament on mango and/or improve the fertilizer effect of the foliar fertilizer on mango; the agent is an agent that can be applied to mangoes by spraying.
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