CN112271422A - Microstrip line filter - Google Patents
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- CN112271422A CN112271422A CN202011279368.8A CN202011279368A CN112271422A CN 112271422 A CN112271422 A CN 112271422A CN 202011279368 A CN202011279368 A CN 202011279368A CN 112271422 A CN112271422 A CN 112271422A
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/203—Strip line filters
- H01P1/20309—Strip line filters with dielectric resonator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/212—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters suppressing or attenuating harmonic frequencies
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of filters, in particular to a microstrip line filter, which comprises a PCB (printed Circuit Board) substrate, a reference ground plane and a filter body, wherein the reference ground plane is positioned at the bottom layer of the PCB substrate, and the filter body is positioned at the top layer of the PCB substrate; the filter body comprises an input matching unit, a first filtering unit, a second filtering unit, a third filtering unit and an output matching unit which are connected in sequence. The invention has small size, high precision, easy processing, low cost and easy integration into a circuit; the filter has low insertion loss, small reflection coefficient and excellent performance; the out-of-band rejection of the filter is high, in particular at frequency doubling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filters, in particular to a microstrip line filter applied to an X wave band.
Background
With the rapid development of modern communication technology, frequency resources are in more and more shortage, and a relatively crowded situation appears, and in order to reasonably utilize limited frequency resources, relevant departments of the country make finer division on frequency bands. Therefore, the filter serving as a frequency selection device has a remarkably improved effect in a modern communication system, and is widely applied to the fields of mobile communication, satellite communication, broadband communication, radar, navigation, electronic countermeasure, remote sensing test and the like. With the increase of devices, the wireless interference is more and more serious, which puts higher requirements on performance indexes of the filter, such as low insertion loss, low reflection coefficient, high out-of-band rejection, small size and easy processing.
The X wave band is widely applied to space research, broadcasting satellites, fixed communication service satellites, earth detection satellites, meteorological satellites and the like. In China, the 8.8-9.6 GHz band in the X band is applied to radio navigation and radio positioning, but the types of selectable commercial filters in the band are few, and microstrip line filters are widely adopted due to the advantages of small size, easiness in processing, high precision, low cost, easiness in integration, large working frequency range and the like.
The microstrip filter is usually in the form of hairpin-type, parallel coupled line, comb line, interdigital and microstrip elliptic function filter. The comb line and the interdigital filter have the advantage of small volume, but need via hole grounding, have parasitic inductance, are influenced by the parasitic inductance, and have the defects of poor low-frequency side out-of-band rejection, high-frequency side insertion loss in a pass band and large in-band fluctuation. The related process of the microstrip elliptic function filter is complex and difficult to realize, and the parallel coupling line filter has larger size because the parallel coupling nodes are cascaded in one direction. The hairpin microstrip filter is a filter improved on the basis of a parallel coupling filter, and has the advantages of low insertion loss, small reflection coefficient and the like, but the hairpin microstrip filter has a double-frequency passband, is not enough in the degree of signal second harmonic suppression, cannot meet the circuit application with the requirement on the second harmonic suppression, and has the defect of larger hairpin microstrip filter.
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical hairpin microstrip line filter body, and fig. 14 is an amplitude-frequency response of the typical hairpin microstrip line filter, and it can be seen from the diagram that the double frequency suppression in the X frequency band is poor and less than 5 dB.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a microstrip line filter which has the advantages of low insertion loss, small reflection coefficient, high out-of-band rejection at frequency doubling positions and the like.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the adopted technical scheme is as follows: a microstrip line filter comprises a PCB substrate, a reference ground plane and a filter body, wherein the reference ground plane is positioned at the bottom layer of the PCB substrate, and the filter body is positioned at the top layer of the PCB substrate; the filter body comprises an input matching unit, a first filtering unit, a second filtering unit, a third filtering unit and an output matching unit which are connected in sequence.
As an optimization scheme of the invention, the input line width W of the input matching unit11Greater than output line width W12。
As an optimization scheme of the invention, the input matching unit and the output matching unit are in an exponential gradual change type, a linear transformation type, a central line alignment type multi-section microstrip line mutation transformation type or an edge alignment type multi-section microstrip line mutation transformation type.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, a plurality of open-circuit transmission line branch nodes are arranged on transmission lines of the first filtering unit and the third filtering unit.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the branch node of the open-circuit transmission line is a section of straight microstrip or bent.
As an optimization scheme of the invention, a plurality of open-circuit transmission line branch nodes are arranged at the same side or two sides of the transmission line.
As an optimization scheme of the invention, the interval between adjacent open-circuit transmission line branch nodes is less than one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal, and the length of the open-circuit transmission line branch node is one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the second filtering unit comprises a plurality of resonance units, the resonance units are U-shaped, and the opening directions of the adjacent resonance units are changed up and down alternately.
As an optimization scheme of the invention, the input matching unit and the output matching unit have the same shape, and are symmetrical to each other by taking the second filtering unit as a center.
As an optimized scheme of the invention, the first filtering unit and the third filtering unit have the same shape, and are symmetrical with each other by taking the second filtering unit as a center.
The invention has the positive effects that: 1) the invention has small size, high precision, easy processing, low cost and easy integration into a circuit;
2) the microstrip line filter has low insertion loss, small reflection coefficient and excellent performance;
3) the microstrip filter has high out-of-band rejection, especially at frequency doubling.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of the present invention;
FIGS. 2-5 are various schematic diagrams of the input matching unit and the output matching unit;
FIGS. 6-9 are various schematic diagrams of the first filtering unit and the third filtering unit;
figure 10 is a schematic diagram of one configuration of a filter body;
figure 11 is an amplitude frequency response diagram of a microstrip line filter incorporating the filter body of figure 10;
figure 12 is a schematic view of another configuration of the filter body;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a typical hairpin microstrip filter body;
fig. 14 is an amplitude-frequency response of a typical hairpin-type microstrip line filter.
Wherein: 1. PCB base plate, 2, reference ground plane, 3, filter body, 31, input matching unit, 32, first filter unit, 33, second filter unit, 34, third filter unit, 35, output matching unit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a microstrip line filter, which comprises a PCB substrate 1, a reference ground plane 2 and a filter body 3, wherein the reference ground plane 2 is located at the bottom layer of the PCB substrate 1, and the filter body 3 is located at the top layer of the PCB substrate 1; the filter body 3 includes an input matching unit 31, a first filtering unit 32, a second filtering unit 33, a third filtering unit 34, and an output matching unit 35, which are connected in sequence. The PCB substrate 1 is composed of a base material, and the material of the base material includes, but is not limited to, FR4, Rogers, epoxy board, glass fiber board, or hybrid material. The material of the reference ground plane 2 includes, but is not limited to, copper, gold, silver, or other metal or alloy. The copper-clad coverage area of the reference ground plane 2 is larger than the area of the filter body 3. The material of the filter body 3 includes, but is not limited to, metal such as copper, gold, silver, or alloy.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the input matching unit 31 is used to match the input impedance Z11(typically 50 ohms) to a high output impedance Z12(typically greater than 50 ohms), the input linewidth W of the input matching unit 3111Greater than output line width W12。
The input matching unit 31 and the output matching unit 35 are of an exponential gradient type, a linear transformation type, a center line alignment type multistage microstrip line abrupt change type or an edge alignment type multistage microstrip line abrupt change type.
As shown in fig. 6-9, the first filtering unit 32 is connected between the input matching unit 31 and the second filtering unit 33, and a plurality of open-circuit transmission line stubs are disposed on transmission lines of the first filtering unit 32, and impedance of the open-circuit transmission line stubs is generally 50 ohms or slightly lower than 50 ohms. The spacing between adjacent open circuit transmission line stubs on the transmission line of the first filter unit 32 is slightly smaller than one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal, and the length of the open circuit transmission line stub is about one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal. The open-circuit transmission line stubs on the transmission line may or may not be on the same side of the transmission line, or may be on both sides of the transmission line. The open-circuit transmission line branch section can be a straight microstrip or a bent microstrip.
The second filtering unit 33 includes a plurality of resonant units, each resonant unit is U-shaped, the opening directions of adjacent resonant units are changed up and down alternately, and the effective length of each resonant unit is one half of the wavelength length of the transmission signal. The first filter unit 32 is connected to the first resonant unit of the second filter unit 33, and the first filter unit 32 is connected to the U-turn side of the first resonant unit of the second filter unit 33. The last resonant unit of the second filter unit 33 is connected to the third filter unit 34, and the third filter unit 34 is connected to the U-turn side of the last resonant unit of the second filter unit 33.
The third filtering unit 34 is connected between the output matching units 35 of the second filtering unit 33, and a plurality of open-circuit transmission line stubs are arranged on transmission lines of the third filtering unit 34, and the impedance of the open-circuit transmission line stubs is generally 50 ohms or slightly lower than 50 ohms. The spacing between adjacent open-circuit transmission line stubs on the transmission line of the third filtering unit 34 is slightly smaller than one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal, and the length of the open-circuit transmission line stub is about one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal. The open-circuit transmission line stubs on the transmission line may or may not be on the same side of the transmission line, or may be on both sides of the transmission line. The open-circuit transmission line branch section can be a straight microstrip or a bent microstrip.
The input matching unit 31 and the output matching unit 35 have the same shape, and the input matching unit 31 and the output matching unit 35 are symmetrical to each other with the second filtering unit 33 as a center.
The first filter unit 32 and the third filter unit 34 have the same shape, and the first filter unit 32 and the third filter unit 34 are symmetrical to each other with the second filter unit 33 as a center. The first filtering unit 32 and the third filtering unit 34 are arranged, so that the problem of poor secondary frequency multiplication suppression is solved.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, which includes a PCB substrate 1, the thickness of the PCB substrate 1 is 0.254mm, and the base material is Rogers. The material of the reference ground plane 2 is copper, the copper thickness is 0.035mm, and the length and width are the same as the size of the PCB substrate 1. The filter body 3 is made of copper, and the thickness of the copper is 0.035 mm. The filter body 3 includes an input matching unit 31, a first filtering unit 32, a second filtering unit 33, a third filtering unit 34, and an output matching unit 35.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an input matching unit 31 and an output matching unit 35, in this example the input matching unit 31, the input impedance Z1150 ohm, input line width W11 of 0.78mm, output resistanceanti-Z12105 ohm, output linewidth W120.2mm, input line width W11Converted into output linewidth W12The design is a two-section microstrip line mutation transformation type (the central lines are aligned), the line width is 0.45mm, and the line length is 0.5 mm.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the first filtering unit 32 and the third filtering unit 34, in this example the first filtering unit 32 is connected to the input matching unit 31 and the second filtering unit 33. Transmission line input impedance Z of the first filter unit 3221105 ohm, line width W210.2mm, and an output line width W of the input matching unit 3112Are equal.
The transmission line of the first filter unit 32 is provided with two open transmission line branch nodes, the impedance of the open transmission line branch nodes is 50 ohms, the line width is 0.78mm, and the line length is 2.6 mm. The first open circuit transmission line branch section is arranged below the transmission line, the second open circuit transmission line branch section is arranged above the transmission line, and the interval between the two open circuit branch sections is 1.6 mm.
The second filter unit 33 is composed of 5 resonant units, each resonant unit is U-shaped, the line width of each resonant unit is 0.456mm, the interval between two resonant arms of each resonant unit is 1.8mm, and the arm length is 5.446 mm. The first filter unit 32 is connected to the first U-shaped turn of the second filter unit 33 by 1 mm.
The fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 is connected to the third filter unit 34, and the third filter unit 34 is connected to the U-turn of the fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 by 1 mm.
The directions of the adjacent resonance units of the second filter unit 33 alternate up and down. The interval between the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 and the interval between the fourth resonance unit and the fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 are 0.127 mm. The interval between the second resonance unit and the third resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 and the interval between the third resonance unit and the fourth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 are 0.196 mm.
The third filtering unit 34 connects the second filtering unit 33 and the output matching unit 35. Transmission line output impedance Z of the third filter unit42105 ohm, line width W42Is 0.2mm, input line width W of output matching unit 3551Are equal.
The transmission line of the third filter unit 34 has two branch nodes of open transmission line, the impedance of the branch node of open transmission line is 50 ohm, the line width is 0.78mm, and the line length is 2.6 mm. The first open circuit transmission line branch section is arranged below the transmission line, the second open circuit transmission line branch section is arranged above the transmission line, and the interval between the two open circuit branch sections is 1.6 mm.
Input impedance Z of output matching unit 3551105 ohm input line width W51Is 0.2mm, output impedance Z5250 ohm, output line width W520.78mm, input line width W51Converted into output linewidth W52The design is a two-section microstrip line mutation transformation type (the central lines are aligned), the line width is 0.45mm, and the line length is 0.5 mm.
The first filter unit 32 and the third filter unit 34 are symmetrical to each other with the second filter unit 33 as a center. The input matching unit 31 and the output matching unit 35 are symmetrical to each other with the second filter unit 33 as a center. Fig. 11 is the amplitude frequency response of fig. 10. Wherein, the insertion loss at the position of 8.8GHz is 1.51dB, and the reflection coefficient S11 is-18.7 dB; the insertion loss of the filter working at 9.6GHz is 1.65dB, the reflection coefficient S11 is-28.5 dB, the insertion loss is less than 1.8dB and the reflection coefficient S11< -15dB in the whole working frequency band, and the insertion loss and the reflection loss of the filter are quite excellent. In addition, the out-of-band rejection of the filter is greater than 25dB at the frequency band of 4-8 GHz & 10-20 GHz outside the working frequency band, particularly, the out-of-band rejection is greater than 30dB at the frequency doubling of 17.6-19.2 GHz of the working frequency, and compared with the traditional hairpin microstrip line filter, the rejection performance of frequency doubling is greatly improved.
Fig. 12 is another schematic diagram of the present invention. Input matching unit 31, input impedance Z in this example1150 ohm, input line width W110.78mm, output impedance Z12105 ohm, output linewidth W120.2mm, input line width W11Converted into output linewidth W12Designed as an exponential taper, the line length is 2.58 mm.
The first filtering unit 32 is connected to the input matching unit 31 and the second filtering unitElement 33. Transmission line input impedance Z of the first filter unit 3221105 ohm, line width W210.2mm, and an output line width W of the input matching unit 3112Are equal.
The transmission line of the first filter unit 32 is provided with an open-circuit transmission line branch node, the impedance of the open-circuit transmission line branch node is 50 ohms, the open-circuit transmission line branch nodes are arranged on two sides of the transmission line, the line width is 0.78mm, the line length of each side is 1.4mm, the distance between the branch node and the input matching unit 31 is 0.3mm, and the distance between the branch node and the second filter unit 33 is 2 mm.
The second filter unit 33 is composed of 5 resonant units, each resonant unit is U-shaped, the line width of each resonant unit is 0.5531mm, the interval between two resonant arms of each resonant unit is 1.8mm, and the arm length is 5.5771 mm.
The first filter unit 32 is connected with the first resonance unit of the second filter unit 33, and the first filter unit 32 is connected with 1.1631mm at the U-shaped turning point of the first resonance unit of the second filter unit 33.
The fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 is connected to the third filter unit 34, and the third filter unit 34 is connected to 1.1631mm at the U-turn of the fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33.
The directions of the adjacent resonance units of the second filter unit 33 alternate up and down. The interval between the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 and the interval between the fourth resonance unit and the fifth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 are 0.127 mm. The interval between the second resonance unit and the third resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 and the interval between the third resonance unit and the fourth resonance unit of the second filter unit 33 are 0.1967 mm.
The third filtering unit 34 connects the second filtering unit 33 and the output matching unit 35. Transmission line output impedance Z of the third filter unit42105 ohm, line width W420.2mm, and an input line width W of the output matching unit 3551Are equal.
The transmission line of the third filter unit 34 is provided with an open-circuit transmission line branch node, the impedance of the open-circuit transmission line branch node is 50 ohms, the open-circuit transmission line branch nodes are arranged on two sides of the transmission line, the line width is 0.78mm, the line length of each side is 1.4mm, the distance between the branch node and the output matching unit 35 is 0.3mm, and the distance between the branch node and the second filter unit 33 is 2 mm.
Input impedance Z of output matching unit 3551105 ohm input line width W51Is 0.2mm, output impedance Z5250 ohm, output line width W520.78mm, input line width W51Converted into output linewidth W52Designed as an exponential taper, the line length is 2.58 mm.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A microstrip line filter, characterized by: the filter comprises a PCB (printed circuit board) substrate (1), a reference ground plane (2) and a filter body (3), wherein the reference ground plane (2) is positioned at the bottom layer of the PCB substrate (1), and the filter body (3) is positioned at the top layer of the PCB substrate (1); the filter body (3) comprises an input matching unit (31), a first filtering unit (32), a second filtering unit (33), a third filtering unit (34) and an output matching unit (35) which are connected in sequence.
2. A microstrip line filter according to claim 1, wherein: input line width W of input matching unit (31)11Greater than output line width W12。
3. A microstrip line filter according to claim 2, wherein: the input matching unit (31) and the output matching unit (35) are in exponential gradual change type, linear transformation type, central line alignment type multi-section microstrip line abrupt change type or edge alignment type multi-section microstrip line abrupt change type.
4. A microstrip line filter according to claim 3, wherein: the transmission lines of the first filtering unit (32) and the third filtering unit (34) are provided with a plurality of open-circuit transmission line branch nodes.
5. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4, wherein: the open-circuit transmission line branch section is a section of straight microstrip or a bend.
6. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4 or 5 wherein: the open circuit transmission line branch sections are arranged on the same side or two sides of the transmission line.
7. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4 or 5 wherein: the interval between adjacent branch nodes of the open-circuit transmission line is less than one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal, and the length of the branch node of the open-circuit transmission line is one eighth of the wavelength length of the transmission signal.
8. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4, wherein: the second filtering unit (33) comprises a plurality of resonance units, the resonance units are U-shaped, and the opening directions of the adjacent resonance units are changed up and down alternately.
9. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4, wherein: the input matching unit (31) and the output matching unit (35) have the same shape, and the input matching unit (31) and the output matching unit (35) are symmetrical to each other with the second filter unit (33) as the center.
10. A microstrip line filter according to claim 4, wherein: the first filtering unit (32) and the third filtering unit (34) are identical in shape, and the first filtering unit (32) and the third filtering unit (34) are symmetrical to each other with the second filtering unit (33) as a center.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011279368.8A CN112271422A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Microstrip line filter |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011279368.8A CN112271422A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Microstrip line filter |
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| CN112271422A true CN112271422A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN202011279368.8A Pending CN112271422A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Microstrip line filter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113471650A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-01 | 西安电子科技大学 | Glass-based millimeter wave interdigital microstrip filter and duplexer structure |
| CN113555685A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
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