CN112270637B - Image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle - Google Patents
Image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN112270637B CN112270637B CN202011147666.1A CN202011147666A CN112270637B CN 112270637 B CN112270637 B CN 112270637B CN 202011147666 A CN202011147666 A CN 202011147666A CN 112270637 B CN112270637 B CN 112270637B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
- G06T1/0042—Fragile watermarking, e.g. so as to detect tampering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T1/0021—Image watermarking
- G06T1/005—Robust watermarking, e.g. average attack or collusion attack resistant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
- G06T2201/0065—Extraction of an embedded watermark; Reliable detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2201/00—General purpose image data processing
- G06T2201/005—Image watermarking
- G06T2201/0201—Image watermarking whereby only tamper or origin are detected and no embedding takes place
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing and information security, in particular to an image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle, which comprises a digital watermark embedding process and a digital watermark extracting process; the invention effectively improves the visual quality of the watermark image, solves the problems of image integrity authentication, image tampering detection positioning and information secret transmission, and improves the safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of image processing and information security, in particular to an image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on a prime number distribution principle.
Background
With the widespread use of the internet and digital technologies, image sharing has become extremely easy and rapid. The reproducibility of the digital product and the wide dissemination based on the network bring a plurality of potential safety hazards correspondingly. How to guarantee the integrity and confidentiality of the image information becomes crucial. Encryption can only solve the problems of confidentiality of digital information contents, copyright protection of multimedia information, content authentication and the like. Digital watermarking technology is a technology that embeds secret information into a host image, and can be extracted to prove the authenticity and ownership of a legal user. The digital watermark of the image aims to solve the problem of digital copyright. Most of the existing technologies are based on discrete cosine transform or wavelet transform, but the transforms are often not perfect, and the general problems of high application and calculation cost, low universality, small embedding capacity, poor safety, low tampering detection efficiency, inaccurate positioning and the like exist, so that a solution is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the above technical problems, the present invention aims to: the image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on the prime number distribution principle has the advantages of low calculation cost, good tampering detection and positioning capacity, capability of embedding more information, extremely high safety and capability of providing strong technical protection support for image digital identification and protection.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
the image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle comprises a digital watermark embedding process and a digital watermark extracting process,
the digital watermark embedding process comprises the following steps:
generating an approximate pixel set PIX according to the distribution rule of the prime numbers;
generating a secret sequence by using Logistic chaotic mapping;
step three, hashing the secret sequence generated in the step five into a ciphertext, converting the ciphertext into a binary sequence, and redefining the parity of 0 to 255 according to the principle that '0 is even and 1 is odd';
if the parity of all the numbers in one approximate pixel set PIX is the same, preferentially replacing the first numerical value with a number with the parity different from the parity of other numbers;
judging the parity of the pixel value w of the binary watermark image;
step six, judging the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefinition;
judging the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the pixel value P of the host image;
step eight, if the pixel value w of the binary watermark image is odd, and the parity of the redefined pixel value P of the host image is the same as the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the pixel value P of the host image, finding a value in a PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, so that the parity of the value is different, and otherwise, not performing any operation on the pixel P;
step nine, if the pixel value w of the binary watermark image is even, and the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefining is different from the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the host image pixel value P, finding a value in a PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, and if not, making the parity of the value identical, and not executing any operation on the pixel P;
the digital watermark extraction process comprises the following steps:
step one, judging the parity of the redefined pixel value P' of the watermark image;
judging the parity of the number N 'of the pixels contained in the pixel value P' of the host image;
step three, if the parity of the redefined pixel value P 'of the watermark-containing image is the same as the parity of the number N' of the pixels contained in the pixel value P 'of the host image, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 0;
and step four, if the parity of the redefined pixel value P 'of the watermark-containing image is different from the parity of the number N' of the pixels contained in the pixel value P 'of the host image, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 1.
Preferably, each group in the approximate pixel set PIX of step one of the digital watermark embedding process has at least two numbers for replacement.
Preferably, 0 and 1 are also considered prime numbers, and 2 are grouped into the same approximate set of pixels.
Preferably, the pixel values of the replacement P are randomly selected in the pairs of step five and step six of the digital watermark embedding process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention effectively improves the visual quality of the watermark image, solves the problems of image integrity authentication and information secret transmission, and improves the safety. Compared with the existing method, the method has good application prospect in the aspects of medical image content authentication, tampering detection and the like. The problems of complex computation amount and small embedding capacity of the traditional digital watermark are solved, the imperceptibility of the digital watermark is greatly enhanced, the generated digital watermark is difficult to discover, the calculation cost is low, the tampering detection positioning capability is good, more information can be embedded, the safety is extremely high, and a strong technical protection support is provided for image digital identification and protection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a digital watermark embedding process;
fig. 2 is a flow of digital watermark extraction.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention:
example 1
As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle of the present invention includes a digital watermark embedding process and a digital watermark extracting process,
the digital watermark embedding process comprises the following steps:
generating an approximate pixel set PIX according to the distribution rule of the prime numbers;
generating a secret sequence by using Logistic chaotic mapping;
thirdly, hashing the secret sequence generated in the fifth step into a ciphertext, converting the ciphertext into a binary sequence, and redefining the parity of 0 to 255 according to the principle that 0 is even and 1 is odd;
if the parity of all numbers in one approximate pixel set PIX is the same, preferentially replacing the first numerical value with a number with the parity different from other numbers;
judging the parity of the pixel value w of the binary watermark image;
step six, judging the parity of the redefined host image pixel value P;
judging the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the pixel value P of the host image;
step eight, if the binary watermark image pixel value w is odd and the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefining is the same as the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the host image pixel value P, finding a value in a PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, so that the parity of the value is different, otherwise, not executing any operation on the pixel P;
step nine, if the pixel value w of the binary watermark image is even, and the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefining is different from the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the host image pixel value P, finding a value in the PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, and otherwise, making the parity of the value identical, and not executing any operation on the pixel P.
The digital watermark extraction process comprises the following steps:
step one, judging the parity of the redefined pixel value P' of the watermark image;
judging the parity of the number N 'of the pixels contained in the pixel value P' of the host image;
step three, if the parity of the redefined pixel value P 'of the watermark is the same as the parity of the number N' of the pixels contained in the pixel value P 'of the host image, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 0;
and step four, if the parity of the redefined pixel value P 'of the watermark is different from the parity of the number N' of the pixels contained in the pixel value P 'of the host image, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 1.
Wherein, each group in the approximate pixel set PIX of the first step of the digital watermark embedding process at least contains two numbers for replacement. 0 and 1 are also considered prime numbers and 2 are ascribed to the same approximate set of pixels. Step eight and step nine of the digital watermark embedding procedure are randomly selected for the pixel values of the replacement P.
Claims (3)
1. An image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle is characterized by comprising a digital watermark embedding process and a digital watermark extracting process,
the digital watermark embedding process comprises the following steps:
generating an approximate pixel set PIX according to the distribution rule of the prime numbers;
generating a secret sequence by using Logistic chaotic mapping;
step three, hashing the secret sequence generated in the step two into a ciphertext, converting the ciphertext into a binary sequence, and redefining the parity of 0 to 255 according to the principle that 0 is even and 1 is odd;
if the parity of all the numbers in one approximate pixel set PIX is the same, replacing the first numerical value with a number with the parity different from other numbers;
judging the parity of the pixel value w of the binary watermark image;
step six, judging the parity of the redefined host image pixel value P;
judging the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the pixel value P of the host image;
step eight, if the binary watermark image pixel value w is odd and the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefining is the same as the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the host image pixel value P, finding a value in a PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, so that the parity of the value is different, otherwise, not executing any operation on the pixel P;
step nine, if the pixel value w of the binary watermark image is even, and the parity of the host image pixel value P after redefining is different from the parity of the number N of the pixels contained in the host image pixel value P, finding a value in a PIX approximate pixel set which is the same as P to replace P, and if not, making the parity of the value identical, and not executing any operation on the pixel P;
the digital watermark extraction process comprises the following steps:
judging the parity of a pixel value P' of a watermark image;
judging the parity of the number N 'of the pixels contained in the redefined parity of the pixel value P' of the host image;
step three, if the parity of the redefined pixel value P 'of the watermark is the same as the parity of the number N' of the pixels contained in the pixel value P 'of the host image, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 0;
and step four, if the parity of the number N 'of the pixels contained in the pixel value P' of the watermark-containing image and the pixel value P 'of the host image is different, the pixel w' of the watermark is proposed to be 1.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein each group of the approximate pixel set PIX in the first step of the digital watermark embedding process at least contains two numbers for replacement.
3. The method for embedding and extracting the digital watermark of the image based on the prime distribution principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step eight and the step nine of the digital watermark embedding process are randomly selected for replacing the pixel value of P.
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| CN1703898A (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2005-11-30 | 独立行政法人科学技术振兴机构 | False alteration detecting method, false alteration detecting program, and recorded medium on which the program is recorded |
| JP2013066054A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-04-11 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image processing apparatus, method and program |
| CN105303075A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-02-03 | 上海出版印刷高等专科学校 | PDF format based adaptive text watermarking method |
| WO2017156760A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 深圳大学 | Method and system for writing secret information into video, and video authentication method and system |
| CN112270637A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-26 | 临沂大学 | Image digital watermark embedding and extracting method based on prime number distribution principle |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| KR20020034976A (en) * | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-09 | 최종욱 | Watermarking system and method for protecting a digital image from forgery or alteration |
| CN1703898A (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2005-11-30 | 独立行政法人科学技术振兴机构 | False alteration detecting method, false alteration detecting program, and recorded medium on which the program is recorded |
| JP2013066054A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2013-04-11 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Image processing apparatus, method and program |
| CN105303075A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2016-02-03 | 上海出版印刷高等专科学校 | PDF format based adaptive text watermarking method |
| WO2017156760A1 (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 深圳大学 | Method and system for writing secret information into video, and video authentication method and system |
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