CN112270406B - Nerve information visualization method of brain-like computer operating system - Google Patents
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- 238000007794 visualization technique Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 210000002569 neuron Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000001537 neural effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013527 convolutional neural network Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013135 deep learning Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000003062 neural network model Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a connection description file of a pulse neural network, and carrying out global coding on each layer of neuron nodes according to the connection description file, wherein each neuron node obtains a global unique identifier, each layer of neuron nodes are represented in an aggregation mode and are distinguished by different colors, and the connection relation of the neuron nodes between adjacent layers is represented by a connecting edge and is distinguished by different colors; and calculating the importance of each neuron node according to the number of the edges and the weight of the edges of the neuron nodes, and selecting the neuron nodes according to the importance to visualize. The method solves the problems that the connection description files are more, the number of the neuron nodes is more, and the connection lines among the neuron nodes are more and are not easy to distinguish. The reasonable visualization of the nerve information of the brain-like computer operating system is realized, and the understanding of the working process of the impulse neural network is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of novel computers, and particularly relates to a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system.
Background
Deep learning has received high attention from scientific research institutions and industry after 2006, has developed greatly in various fields such as images and voices, and has comprehensively exceeded traditional algorithms in various fields. Impulse neural networks (SNN-Spiking Neuron Networks) are often known as third generation artificial neural networks. The first generation of neural networks were perceptrons, which were a simple model of neurons and were only capable of processing binary data. The second generation neural network comprises a relatively wide range of BP neural networks. And the impulse neural network is more similar to the actual connection relation and behavior of the brain neurons.
Currently, the tools disclosed on the network for visualizing the convolutional neural network structure are more, and mainly comprise: 1) Netscope: the model definition file is used as input to obtain a visual structure diagram of the neural network, which is a visual neural network topology tool based on a webpage and only supports a cafe deep learning framework of the primary cler division of the university of california. 2) ConvNetDraw: the visual command is used as input, and the visual output neural network model structure is also a web-based tool. The model of the structural block is used for displaying, and the three-dimensional proportion adjustment can be carried out on the structural block, so that the model is very visual. 3) Netron: the visual structure diagram of the neural network is obtained by taking a model definition file and a model weight file (which can be defaults) as inputs, is based on a webpage, and can support a main stream deep learning framework such as ONNX, keras, coreML, tensorFlow, caffe, MXNET by using js and python.
Cao Lihong of China media university in publication No. CN106372721A discloses a method for visualizing a large-scale neural network in a 3D form, and the structure of the neural network is shown in the 3D form; chunfang et al, published patent application number CN107392085A, of Shanghai institute of precision metrology, disclose a method for visualizing convolutional neural networks, which can be well shown to facilitate understanding of convolutional neural networks, for exploring superiority of convolutional neural networks; the patent application with publication number of CN110782031A in Beijing computer technology and application research discloses a multi-frame convolutional neural network model structure visualization and network reconstruction method, which can intuitively modify different layers to realize network reconstruction and can change the neural network attribute and update and display in real time.
Because of the complexity of the impulse neural network structure of the brain-like computer operating system, the problems of more connection description files, more neuron nodes and more connection lines among the neuron nodes are difficult to distinguish when the impulse neural network structure of the brain-like computer operating system is visualized. Therefore, all the above visualization methods are not applicable to the visualization of the impulse neural network structure of the brain-like computer operating system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system, which aims to solve the problems that the connection description files are more, the number of neuron nodes is more, and the connection lines among the neuron nodes are more and are not easy to distinguish.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system comprises the following steps:
obtaining a connection description file of a pulse neural network, and carrying out global coding on each layer of neuron nodes according to the connection description file, wherein each neuron node obtains a global unique identifier, each layer of neuron nodes are represented in an aggregation mode and are distinguished by different colors, and the connection relation of the neuron nodes between adjacent layers is represented by a connecting edge and is distinguished by different colors;
and calculating the importance of each neuron node according to the number of the edges and the weight of the edges of the neuron nodes, and selecting the neuron nodes according to the importance to visualize.
Preferably, all the neuron nodes in the same layer of the impulse neural network are represented in an aggregation mode, and the aggregation representations of the neuron nodes in two adjacent layers are also in adjacent positions by adopting the same color representation, so that the connection relation representation between the neuron nodes in two adjacent layers is convenient.
Preferably, each layer of neuron nodes is aggregated into a geometric shape for representation. The geometric shapes can be round, elliptic and other smooth geometric shapes without edges and corners, and can also be matrix, triangle and other geometric shapes with edges and corners.
Preferably, all the connection relations between two layers of neuron nodes are represented by the same color continuous edges. In order to improve visual clarity, the color of the neuron node is different from the corresponding border color.
Preferably, when the neural information visualization is performed, the neuron information layout is stored in a data structure, wherein the data structure comprises a data unit, a connection relation unit and a layer unit, and the data unit is used for storing a globally unique identifier of a neuron node, a visualized position coordinate and a layer level; the connection relation unit is used for storing two neuron nodes and the visualized color of the connecting edge between the two neuron nodes; the layer unit is used for storing the hierarchy name.
Since the number of the neuron nodes is large, whether a certain neuron is displayed is selected according to the number of the edges of the neuron nodes and other neurons and the edge weight. If the neuron nodes are too much sampled, the visualized neuron nodes are too dense, and the connection relation among the neuron nodes cannot be seen; if the sampling of the neuron nodes is too small, the main information is lost, and the main structure of the impulse neural network cannot be observed. In order to reasonably sparse sample neurons, the importance of the neuron nodes needs to be calculated and ordered. Preferably, the importance of each neuron node is calculated using the following formula:
wherein ,representing the ith neuron node i Is the absolute importance of the neuron before regularization, inNum represents the degree of entry of the neuron node, w 1 Is the degree of entry coefficient of the neuron node, outNum represents the degree of exit of the neuron node, w 2 Is the coefficient of the degree of departure of the neuron node, weight represents the sum of the absolute values of the edge weights of the neuron node, and w 3 Is the weighting coefficient of the neuron node, +.>Is the importance of the final neuron node, < +.>Representing the jth neuron node j Is the absolute importance of the neurons before regularization, n represents the total number of neuron nodes. Wherein, the number of the connecting edges of the current neuron node is accessedAnd taking the number of the connected edges connected with the current neuron node as the output degree of the current neuron node as the input degree of the current neuron node.
Preferably, when selecting the neuron nodes for visualization according to the importance, an importance threshold is set, and the neuron nodes with importance greater than the importance threshold are screened for visualization. So that the more edges the neuron node is connected to, the greater the absolute value of the weight of the edge is preserved preferentially.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least the following steps are included:
the nerve information visualization method of the brain-like computer operating system solves the problem of more connection description files by carrying out global coding on neurons, screens and visualizes the neurons according to the importance of the nodes of the neurons, solves the problem of more display difficulties of the nodes of the neurons by adopting the sparsification processing method, simultaneously expresses the connection relationship in a connecting edge form and distinguishes the connection relationship by adopting different colors, and solves the problem of more connection lines between the nodes of the neurons which are not easy to distinguish. The reasonable visualization of the nerve information of the brain-like computer operating system is realized, and the understanding of the working process of the impulse neural network is facilitated.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for visualizing neural information of a brain-like computer operating system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal data structure of a connection description file of a impulse neural network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an internal data structure of an intermediate json file for visualization of neural information provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a quadruple within the data field of a json file provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a triplet within the json file links field provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a neural information visualization diagram of an electroencephalogram simulated impulse neural network provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a neural information visualization of a memory model impulse neural network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description is presented by way of example only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the process of carrying out neural information visualization on a pulse neural network of a brain-like computer operating system of a Darwin No. 2 neural mimicry chip of Zhejiang university, the problems of more connection description files, more neuron nodes and more connection lines among the neuron nodes are encountered. In order to solve the problem that the neural information visualization is difficult due to the problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system, which is used for carrying out the neural information visualization based on a pulse neural network model connection description file of the brain-like computer operating system of a Darwin No. 2 neural mimicry chip.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a neural information visualization method of a brain-like computer operating system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the neural information visualization method includes the steps of:
and step 1, reading the connection description file of the impulse neural network according to the connection relation between the impulse neural network layers and the order from the input layer to the output layer.
The connection description file of the impulse neural network describes the impulse neural network neurons and the connection relationship between the neurons. The impulse neural network has a plurality of connection description files, and each file describes the connection relation between two layers of neurons. Fig. 2 is an internal data structure of a connection description file of the impulse neural network. As shown in fig. 2, each row of the connection description file is a quadruple, the first field of the quadruple is the number in the starting neuron layer, i.e. the number of the starting neuron in the starting layer, the second field is the number in the target neuron layer, i.e. the number of the target neuron in the target layer, the third field is a weight, i.e. the weight of the processing input value of the neuron, which is an inherent property of the neuron's continuous edge, and the fourth field is the pulse delay, i.e. the delay of the pulse signal from the starting neuron to the target neuron.
And 2, renumbering the nerve cell nodes of each layer according to the read pulse nerve network connection description file, converting the layer numbering into a global unique identifier, and simultaneously determining the color of each layer of nerve cell to form the attribute of the nerve cell.
And 3, generating a triplet (an initial neuron number, a target neuron number and a color of an edge) describing the node connection relation according to the connection description file and the self attribute of the neuron node, wherein the color of the edge is determined according to the layer where the edge connection neuron is located.
And 4, laying out the neuron nodes according to the connection relation among the neurons of the impulse neural network, wherein the neuron nodes of the same layer are gathered and placed in the same area, and the neurons of the adjacent layers are gathered and placed in adjacent positions.
And 5, selecting whether to display a certain neuron or not according to the number of the edges and the weight of the edges of the neuron and other neurons.
Because the number of the neuron nodes and the connecting lines in the original impulse neural network is excessive, if all the nodes and the connecting lines are displayed together, the key structure of the impulse neural network cannot be displayed, and therefore the impulse neural network needs to be sparsely displayed. If the neurons are too sampled, the visualized neurons are too dense, and the connection relation among the neurons cannot be seen; if the neurons are sampled too little, the main information is lost, and the main structure of the impulse neural network cannot be observed. The method is characterized in that the importance of the neurons is calculated according to the number of the edges and the weight of the edges of the neurons and other neurons, the neurons are ordered according to the importance, and the neurons with the greater importance are preferentially reserved.
The formula for the importance of neurons is as follows:
after the importance of the neurons is calculated, an importance threshold e (e (0, 1)) is set to control which neurons are displayed, neurons with importance greater than the threshold are displayed, and neurons smaller than the threshold are hidden.
And 6, deriving a json file describing the neuron layout and the colors of the edges, and visualizing the derived json file by using echartists.
In an embodiment, the json file is generated using python code and visualized using the graph type of echorts. Fig. 3 is a data structure of a json file, which contains three fields: data unit data, link and layer unit links. The data field is an array, each element in the data field is a quadruple, and the quadruple contains a key value name, a position coordinate (x, y) and belonging layer information of a neuron node, as shown in fig. 4. The links field is also an array, each element in the array is a triplet, and the triplet includes a key value source of a starting neuron node, a key value target of a target neuron, and a color linetype of a connection line, as shown in fig. 5.
The result of visualizing the neural information of the electroencephalogram simulated impulse neural network and the memory model impulse neural network by using the neural information visualization method of the brain-like computer operating system is shown in fig. 6 and 7, and the structure of the impulse neural network is clearly shown in the drawings, namely, the connection relationship between the neuron nodes of the impulse neural network and each neuron node is shown.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments and advantages of the invention will be appreciated that the foregoing description is merely illustrative of the presently preferred embodiments of the invention, and that no changes, additions, substitutions and equivalents of those embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for visualizing neural information of a brain-like computer operating system, comprising the steps of:
step 1, obtaining a connection description file of a pulse neural network, wherein each row of the connection description file is a quadruple, a first field of the quadruple is a serial number in a starting neuron layer, a second field of the quadruple is a serial number in a target neuron layer, a third field of the quadruple is a weight, the weight is an inherent attribute of a neuron connecting edge, and a fourth field of the quadruple is pulse delay;
step 2, carrying out global coding on each layer of neuron nodes according to the connection description file, wherein each neuron node obtains a global unique identifier, and simultaneously determining the color of each layer of neurons to form the self attribute of the neurons;
step 3, generating a triplet (initial neuron number, target neuron number, edge color) describing the node connection relation according to the connection description file and the self attribute of the neuron node, wherein the edge color is determined according to the layer where the edge connection neuron is located;
step 4, laying out the neuron nodes according to the connection relation among the neurons of the impulse neural network, wherein the neuron nodes of each layer are represented in an aggregation mode and are distinguished by different colors, the neuron nodes of the same layer are placed in the same area in an aggregation mode and are represented in a geometric shape, the neuron nodes of the adjacent layer are placed in adjacent positions, the connection relation among the neuron nodes of the two adjacent layers is represented conveniently, and the connection relation among the neuron nodes of the adjacent layers is represented by a connecting edge and is distinguished by different colors;
and 5, calculating the importance of each neuron node according to the number of the connected edges and the weight of the connected edges of the neuron nodes, setting an importance threshold value, and screening the neuron nodes with the importance larger than the importance threshold value for visualization, wherein the importance of each neuron node is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein ,representing the ith neuron node i Is the absolute importance of the neuron before regularization, inNum represents the degree of entry of the neuron node, w 1 Is the degree of entry coefficient of the neuron node, outNum represents the degree of exit of the neuron node, w 2 Is the coefficient of the degree of departure of the neuron node, weight represents the sum of the absolute values of the edge weights of the neuron node, and w 3 Is the weighting coefficient of the neuron node, +.>Is the importance of the final neuron node, < +.>Representing the jth neuron node j The absolute importance of the neurons before regularization, n represents the total number of neuron nodes;
the neuron information layout is stored in a data structure, and the data structure comprises a data unit, a connection relation unit and a layer unit, wherein the data unit is used for storing a globally unique identifier of a neuron node, a visual position coordinate and a hierarchy; the connection relation unit is used for storing two neuron nodes and the visualized color of the connecting edge between the two neuron nodes; the layer unit is used for storing the hierarchy name.
2. The method for visualizing neural information for a brain-like computer operating system of claim 1, wherein all connections between two layers of neuron nodes are represented by the same color of edges.
3. The method for visualizing neural information for a brain-like computer operating system of claim 1, wherein the color of the neuron nodes is different from its corresponding border color.
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CN112561043B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-29 | 浙江大学 | Neural model splitting method of brain-like computer operating system |
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CN113791913B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-02-11 | 浙江大学 | Task migration method of brain-like computer operating system |
CN114399033B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-19 | 浙江大学 | Brain-like computing system and method based on neuron instruction coding |
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