CN112270036B - Ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy - Google Patents
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Abstract
A ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy comprises the steps of sequentially building a ship index decomposition hierarchy model, a personnel structure management model, a support database and a knowledge base, and then dynamically creating a visual tree structure to finally form a dynamic visualization index decomposition and management platform. According to the invention, a hierarchical structure tree which is suitable for the design criteria of different ship types is established, personnel configuration and index division are carried out through the structure tree, top-down index decomposition and management are realized, the process is dynamically presented to a user, an interactive interface is provided for the user, and a basic management platform is further provided for ship collaborative design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of ship design, in particular to a ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy.
Background
Personnel organization, data management and performance calculation in ship design is a complex system engineering and requires multiple enabling tools to be implemented in cooperation with domain knowledge. The ship structure level is rich, heterogeneous data are various, design organization forms are various, evaluation indexes are widely set, and in order to organically combine the contents and further realize collaborative design, a method for index decomposition and dynamic visualization needs to be researched.
In the prior art, although a ship index management system is relatively perfect, a method for decomposing and dynamically and visually presenting indexes is lacked, users (including managers and designers) in ship design cannot efficiently interact with the indexes, and cannot communicate among the users through the indexes, so that collaborative design is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy, which is characterized in that a hierarchical structure tree adaptive to the design criteria of different ship types is established according to the different ship types, personnel configuration and index division are carried out through the structure tree, the top-down index decomposition and management are realized, the process is dynamically presented to a user, an interactive interface is provided for the user, and a basic management platform is further provided for the ship collaborative design.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy, which dynamically creates a visual tree structure after sequentially constructing a ship index decomposition hierarchy model, a personnel structure management model and a support database and a knowledge base, and finally forms a dynamic visual index decomposition and management platform.
The ship index decomposition hierarchical model is a tree-shaped hierarchical model which completes decomposition according to a preset index decomposition method and a ship design task, and comprises a whole ship index-system index-efficacy index-design index four-layer structure, and the result is presented in the form of a tree diagram.
The personnel structure management model is a personnel management model constructed according to an index decomposition hierarchical model and aims to perform task allocation and authority management on an index tree, and comprises a four-layer structure of a general designer, a system designer, an efficacy designer and a project designer, wherein the model and the index decomposition hierarchical model are in one-to-one correspondence mapping relation.
The visual tree structure is as follows: the method comprises the steps of reading index information stored in a database and the relation between the index information and the index information in real time, and dynamically generating a tree-shaped structure for a user to check and edit, wherein the tree-shaped structure is presented in an XML form for storing parent-child relations between indexes, and is convenient to read so as to generate a visual index tree.
The invention relates to a system for realizing the method, which comprises the following steps: tree-like hierarchical decomposition module, organizational management module and dynamic visual drive module, wherein: the tree-shaped hierarchical decomposition module decomposes indexes of the whole ship, stores decomposed index information into a database, the organization management module performs task allocation and authority management according to the index information, stores processing results into the database, and the dynamic visualization driving module reads information in the database to dynamically generate a visualization index tree and displays the index tree to a user.
The tree hierarchy decomposition module comprises: a vessel classification unit and an index decomposition unit, wherein: the ship classification unit classifies the ship types, the index decomposition unit decomposes the corresponding ship types according to the four layers of ship indexes, system indexes, efficacy indexes and design indexes, and finally the decomposed index information and the parent-child relationship thereof are stored in a database.
The classification is as follows: index contents and decomposition modes of different types of ships have great difference, so that the ships need to be classified according to ship types, such as: passenger ships, container ships, and oil tankers.
The decomposition refers to: any ship type is longitudinally decomposed into: A. and the whole ship index comprises all design elements of the ship and is positioned at the root node of the index tree in the tree structure. B. And the system indexes are obtained by subdividing the whole ship indexes according to the ship system types, such as ship totality, a propulsion system, an electric power system and a ship auxiliary system, and are second-layer nodes of the index tree. C. And the efficacy indexes are divided into efficacy indexes according to the efficacy evaluation requirements, and are modularization of design contents, for example, sailing performance is decomposed into stability, waveform resistance, rapidity and maneuverability efficacy indexes, and the efficacy indexes are nodes on the third layer of the index tree. D. The design indexes and the efficacy indexes are divided into design indexes according to design elements, the design indexes are concreteness of design contents, for example, rapidity in the dead water can be decomposed into cruising navigational speed in the dead water, and the design indexes are fourth layer nodes of the index tree, namely leaf nodes of the index tree.
The organization management module comprises: role classification unit, task allocation unit and authority management unit, wherein: the role classification unit classifies all related roles in ship design, the task allocation unit endows different indexes with corresponding roles based on a tree hierarchy decomposition module, the authority management unit divides authorities, and corresponding viewing or modifying authorities of each role are granted to the index tree or nodes in the index tree.
The roles refer to: the construction and implementation of the index tree need to be realized based on roles, so the roles need to be divided into the following according to the level of a designer: general designers, system designers, power designers, and project designers. And constructing a corresponding relation between indexes and roles, and sequentially corresponding to a four-layer management model of 'whole ship index-system index-efficacy index-design index' divided by a tree hierarchical decomposition module to a four-layer management model of 'total designer-system designer-efficacy designer-project designer'.
The corresponding roles are assigned as follows: and distributing tasks according to the role categories. A. And the general designer, as a project general responsible person, takes charge of project initialization, index decomposition, task allocation, approval work, index comprehensive evaluation and project summary work to overall plan the whole ship design project. B. And the system designer corresponds to the system indexes and is responsible for overall planning the design work of each index under the system indexes, including system index decomposition, task allocation and system index evaluation. C. The efficacy designer is responsible for the specific realization and evaluation of each efficacy index, and also needs to comprehensively plan the design work of each design index, including efficacy index decomposition, task allocation and efficacy evaluation. D. And the project designer is responsible for basic design work including specific parameter design and graphic design and feeds back design results to an upper level.
The permissions include viewing and modifying permissions, wherein the default master designer has all permissions, has the permissions to initialize the index tree and view and edit each node. The system designer has the system viewing authority and the authority of adding and deleting the child nodes, but does not have the authority of modifying the content of the child nodes, and the authority management of the efficacy designer and the project designer is similar.
The dynamic visualization driving module comprises: XML constructs unit and visual drive unit, wherein: the XML construction unit reads the index information from the database and converts the index information into an XML file, the visual driving unit reads the XML file, the visual index tree is dynamically generated, and functions and interfaces are integrated on the index tree.
The index information comprises: ship type, system index, efficacy index and design index data and parent-child relationship among the ship type, the system index, the efficacy index and the design index data, an XML generation algorithm is designed and realized to convert the data into an XML file, and Attribute is added to the XML as node information.
The dynamic generation of the visual index tree is as follows: and designing an index tree dynamic generation algorithm, dynamically loading an XML file to generate a visual index tree, wherein a software interaction interface needs to be designed for real-time display and operation of the index tree.
The integration is as follows: and designing an index tree interface integration method for adding other rich functional modules (such as a design module and an evaluation module) on the index tree afterwards.
Technical effects
The invention integrally solves the technical problem that index decomposition and dynamic presentation cannot be carried out in the conventional ship collaborative design.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that indexes and roles are divided into four layers by constructing the corresponding method of the indexes and the roles, hierarchical decomposition and hierarchical management of the indexes are realized, and informatization is realized by combining the indexes and the roles with a database; by constructing a dynamic visual index tree generation method, index information and an interface in a database can be dynamically combined, interaction between roles and indexes is realized, and a plurality of functions of task allocation and authority management are realized based on the method.
The invention can realize the functions of rapid project construction, index decomposition and design activity development for the ship design industry. In addition, a great deal of software, data, functions and process contents related to ship design can be integrated to realize more diversified ship design modes.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an algorithm for converting index data into an XML file.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of XML generated by an embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of an example generated visualization metric tree.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to a system constructed by a ship index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on a tree hierarchy, which includes: the system comprises a tree hierarchy decomposition module, an organization management module and a dynamic visualization driving module. The tree-shaped hierarchical decomposition module firstly classifies ships, stores ship type data into a ship type library, then decomposes the whole ship index according to a tree-shaped hierarchical decomposition mode, and stores decomposed index information into an index library. And the organization management module classifies the roles firstly and allocates tasks according to the decomposed index information. The dynamic visual driving module generates an XML file by reading the index information, and the visual driving unit generates a visual index tree by reading the XML file. In addition, a right management unit of an organization management module is added on the index tree. Thus, the ship index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on the tree hierarchy is constructed.
The embodiment is realized by combining C # language with MySQL + XML + Windows Form, and the tree-level ship index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on the system comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a tree-shaped hierarchical model, an index data model and an XML structure model
According to a four-layer tree-shaped hierarchical model of 'whole ship index-system index-efficacy index-design index', all ship indexes are decomposed from top to bottom: the whole ship index is decomposed into a system index, the system index is decomposed into an efficacy index, and the efficacy index is decomposed into a design index. The corresponding rules in table 1 are used to correspond to the four-layer human structure management model of "total designer-system designer-efficacy designer-project designer", and the corresponding rules are encoded for subsequent program implementation.
TABLE 1 rule of correspondence of indices to persons
| Index (I) | Character | Encoding | |
| Whole ship index | |
0 | |
| System | System designer | 1 | |
| Index of | Efficacy designer | 2 | |
| Design | Project designer | 3 |
The index data is stored by adopting MySQL, InnodB is used as a database engine, a data model is firstly constructed, key fields and types thereof for constructing an index tree are listed in a table 2, and in addition, detailed information of indexes (such as an index association design method, an association design parameter and an index value field) can be added. These key fields constitute the parent-child relationships between nodes for subsequent reading to generate the XML structure model.
TABLE 2 index data model
| Attribute name | Data type | Description of the preferred embodiment |
| id | int | Primary key, index id |
| name | varchar | Index name |
| type | tinyint | Type of index |
| staff_id | int | Employee id |
| parent_id | int | Parent index id |
| parent_type | tinyint | Parent index type |
The subsequent dynamic construction of the visual index tree is realized based on an XML file, so an XML structure model needs to be constructed first. The XML is composed of nodes and node attributes, and constructs an XML structure model as in table 3 according to the index data model constructed in table 2, and the use of the XML structure model will be described in the subsequent steps.
TABLE 3 XML structural model
S2, decomposing the ship indexes by using the tree-shaped hierarchical model, and converting the results into a database model
Taking any type of ship design as an example, the whole ship index is decomposed into data as shown in table 4 according to the tree hierarchical model (a part of typical data is shown in the table). The whole ship index is firstly decomposed into a whole body, a structure, a ship device and a propulsion system, the whole body is decomposed into a whole layout and navigation performance, the navigation performance is decomposed into stability, rapidity, wave resistance and maneuverability, the rapidity is decomposed into rapidity in still water and rapidity in common stormy waves, and finally, the rapidity in the still water is decomposed into maximum navigation speed and cruising navigation speed in the still water.
Table 4 index decomposition data example
| id | name | type | parent_id | parent_type | staff_id | project_id |
| 1 | General of | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| 2 | Structure of the |
1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | |
| 3 | |
1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
| 4 | |
1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | |
| 5 | |
1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 |
| 6 | |
1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 |
| 7 | Stability of | 2 | 6 | 1 | 7 | 1 |
| 8 | Rapidity of |
2 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 1 |
| 9 | |
2 | 6 | 1 | 9 | 1 |
| 10 | |
2 | 6 | 1 | 10 | 1 |
| 11 | Rapidity in |
3 | 8 | 2 | 11 | 1 |
| 12 | Rapidity in |
3 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 1 |
| 13 | Maximum speed of flight in |
3 | 11 | 3 | 13 | 1 |
| 14 | Cruising speed in |
3 | 11 | 3 | 14 | 1 |
And S3, reading the index information in the database to generate an XML file.
Since the user cannot directly view the hierarchical structure of the index information in the database, an intermediate state of a tree structure needs to be constructed, and in addition, since some index-related information needs to be stored in the index node, the implementation is realized by using an XML file, and the implementation process is shown in fig. 2.
Constructing an index Node class Node:
and creating a structure type Node, wherein the structure type Node comprises the basic types of the index tree: id (node Id), Type (node Type), Name (node Name), Code (node number), and ParentCode (parent node number). Wherein Id, Type and Name belong to basic information of the indexes, and Code and Parentcode are used for describing parent-child relationship between the indexes.
Setting coding rules, coding index data of the database, and converting into Node types:
the Node type is an intermediate type for converting index data in a database into an XML file, and the conversion process is a coding process. The three basic types of Node classes can be copied from the database directly, but Code and Parentcode need to set up coding rules to complete. The encoding rules for these two attributes are as follows: the Code and the Parentcode adopt the same coding format, and both are 'Type + Id', and if the Code '12' indicates that the index is a system index (1) with the Id of 2. In addition, if the Code of the index A is the same as the Parentcode of the index B, the index A is the parent index of the index B.
Converting the Node type into an XmlNode type, and storing by using a queue:
the XML file is composed of tags of different levels, each tag is provided with a plurality of attributes, the XmlNode is a basic node type of the XML file, and the stored information comprises a node name, a plurality of attributes and a parent-child relationship between the node name and the attributes. This step needs to traverse the Node types in the Queue first, and convert them into XmlNode types in turn, and store them with Queue < XmlNode >.
Designing a recursive function to convert Queue < XmlNode > into an XML tree:
all nodes in the queue are traversed first, if two nodes have a parent-child relationship, a parent-child relationship (similar to a bidirectional pointer) is added between the two nodes, and if not, the two nodes are re-enqueued. And then judging whether the parent-child relationship is added in the rest nodes in the queue, if not, continuing the previous operation, otherwise, jumping out of the recursion. And finally adding level attributes to the XML tree nodes.
So far, the node information in the database is successfully converted into an XML file, and the XML file generated according to the node data information in table 4 is shown in fig. 3.
And S4, constructing a visual tree diagram display control LabelNode.
The construction of the visual index tree requires that a corresponding display control is constructed first, so that the abstract XML model data can be converted into the index tree which can be viewed and edited by a user. A Label control in Windows Form is a visual Label control and can set the position, color and frame attribute of a Label. However, because the Label space does not have some custom attributes (such as index id and index type) required by the invention, the invention performs derivation construction of the Label node class based on the Label control, and adds functions for storing node information, right-click menus and click events on the basic attributes of the Label. Different colors are set for the nodes of different types in the constructors of the LabelNode class for display, so that the nodes can be distinguished effectively by users.
And S5, reading the XML file and dynamically generating a visual index tree.
Importing an XML file, and traversing an XML index tree in a subsequent order:
in the process of drawing the visual index tree, the positions of leaf nodes need to be determined preferentially, and then the index tree is constructed by taking father nodes according to the midpoint positions of all the leaf nodes, so that a subsequent traversal mode needs to be adopted. And recording the geometric position and attribute information corresponding to the node in real time in the traversing process.
Drawing a visual index node LabelNode:
in the subsequent traversal process, visual index nodes need to be drawn in real time, and a LabelNode node for display is constructed in the step S4.
Drawing the branch part of the visual index tree:
the branches are required to be drawn simultaneously in the traversing process, the Graphics class and the Pen class in the Windows Form are called to draw, the Pen class is responsible for drawing straight lines and arrow shapes of various colors, and the Graphics class is responsible for displaying drawing results.
The XML file in fig. 3 is processed in step S5, and the visualization index tree shown in fig. 4 is finally obtained.
S6, integrating software and data interfaces and adding personnel management authority
The indicator tree requires reservation of software and data interfaces in addition to basic viewing and editing functions. In addition, different roles should have different permissions, where a preset list of permissions is given:
the general designer: checking all index information, initializing an index tree, adding, modifying and deleting any node, and designating a designer responsible for each node (after the designer is designated, the designer authorizes the node and child nodes thereof).
A system designer: any information of the responsible system is checked, and the overall designer is informed to authorize or approve when the responsible index tree structure is edited.
An efficacy designer: any information of the responsible efficacy index is checked, and a superior designer needs to be informed to authorize or approve when the responsible index tree structure is edited.
A project designer: any information of the design indexes in charge is checked, the authority of modifying the index tree structure is not possessed, and the detailed information of the indexes can be edited.
In order to realize different functions and permissions of the roles, the index tree needs to be subjected to self-adaptive design, the invention adopts a method of permission preloading and menu mapping, the hierarchy of a designer in a project is read before the index tree is loaded, and corresponding functions of different design roles are realized by adjusting the read-write permission of the node and a right-click menu on the node.
Compared with the prior art, the method provides a key design method for development of the ship collaborative design related platform, and related data, software, processes and methods in the ship design process can be organically combined based on the method.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A ship design index decomposition and dynamic visualization method based on tree hierarchy is characterized in that a dynamic visualized index decomposition and management platform is finally formed by dynamically creating a visualized tree structure after a ship index decomposition hierarchy model, a personnel structure management model and a support database and a knowledge base are sequentially built;
the ship index decomposition hierarchical model is a tree-shaped hierarchical model which is decomposed according to a preset index decomposition method and a ship design task, and comprises a whole ship index-system index-efficacy index-design index four-layer structure, and the result is presented in the form of a tree-shaped graph;
the personnel structure management model is a personnel management model constructed according to an index decomposition hierarchical model and aims to perform task allocation and authority management on an index tree, and comprises a four-layer structure of a general designer, a system designer, an efficacy designer and a project designer, wherein the model and the index decomposition hierarchical model are in one-to-one correspondence mapping relation;
the visual tree structure is as follows: the method comprises the steps of reading index information stored in a database and the relation between the index information and the index information in real time, and dynamically generating a tree-shaped structure for a user to check and edit, wherein the tree-shaped structure is presented in an XML form for storing parent-child relations between indexes, and is convenient to read so as to generate a visual index tree.
2. A system for implementing the method of claim 1, comprising: tree-like hierarchical decomposition module, organizational management module and dynamic visual drive module, wherein: the tree-shaped hierarchical decomposition module decomposes indexes of the whole ship, stores decomposed index information into a database, the organization management module performs task allocation and authority management according to the index information, stores processing results into the database, and the dynamic visualization driving module reads information in the database to dynamically generate a visualization index tree and displays the index tree to a user.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the tree hierarchy decomposition module comprises: a vessel classification unit and an index decomposition unit, wherein: the ship classification unit classifies the ship types, the index decomposition unit decomposes the corresponding ship types according to the four layers of ship indexes, system indexes, efficacy indexes and design indexes, and finally stores the decomposed index information and parent-child relations thereof in a database;
the classification is as follows: classifying according to the ship type;
the decomposition refers to: any ship type is longitudinally decomposed into:
A. the whole ship index comprises all design elements of the ship and is positioned at a root node of the index tree in the tree structure;
B. the system index is obtained by subdividing the whole ship index according to the ship system type, and the system index is a second layer node of the index tree;
C. the system indexes are divided into efficacy indexes according to efficacy evaluation requirements, the design contents are modularized, and the efficacy indexes are nodes on the third layer of the index tree; D. design indexes and efficacy indexes are divided into design indexes according to design elements.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein said organization management module comprises: role classification unit, task allocation unit and authority management unit, wherein: the role classification unit classifies all related roles in ship design, the task allocation unit assigns different indexes to corresponding roles based on a tree hierarchy decomposition module, the authority management unit divides authorities, and assigns corresponding viewing or modifying authorities of each role to an index tree or nodes in the index tree;
the roles refer to: the construction and implementation of the index tree need to be realized based on roles, so the roles need to be divided into the following according to the level of a designer: a general designer, a system designer, an efficacy designer and a project designer construct a corresponding relation between indexes and roles, and a four-layer structure model of 'ship-by-ship index-system index-efficacy index-design index' divided by a tree hierarchical decomposition module sequentially corresponds to a four-layer management model of 'general designer-system designer-efficacy designer-project designer';
the corresponding roles are assigned as follows: the method comprises the following steps that task allocation is carried out according to role categories, A, a general designer is used as a project general responsible person to overall plan a whole ship design project and is responsible for project initialization, index decomposition, task allocation, approval work, index comprehensive evaluation and project summary work, B, the system designer corresponds to system indexes and is responsible for overall planning of design work of all indexes under system indexes, including system index decomposition, task allocation and system index evaluation, C, an efficacy designer is responsible for specific realization and evaluation of all efficacy indexes and is also required to overall planning of design work of all design indexes, including efficacy index decomposition, task allocation and efficacy evaluation, and D, the project designer is responsible for basic design work, including specific parameter design and graphic design and feeding back design results to an upper level;
the authority comprises viewing and modifying authority, wherein the default master designer has all the authorities, has the authority for initializing the index tree and viewing and editing each node, and the system designer has the viewing authority and the authority for adding and deleting child nodes of the system, but does not have the authority for modifying the content of the child nodes.
5. The system of claim 2, wherein the dynamic visualization driver module comprises: XML constructs unit and visual drive unit, wherein: the XML construction unit reads the index information from the database and converts the index information into an XML file, the visual driving unit reads the XML file, a visual index tree is dynamically generated, and functions and interfaces are integrated on the index tree;
the index information comprises: ship type, system index, efficacy index, design index data and parent-child relationship among the ship type, the system index, the efficacy index and the design index data, an XML generation algorithm is designed and realized to convert the data into an XML file, and Attribute is added to the XML as node information;
the dynamic generation of the visual index tree is as follows: designing an index tree dynamic generation algorithm, dynamically loading an XML file to generate a visual index tree, wherein a software interaction interface is required to be designed for real-time display and operation of the index tree;
the integration is as follows: and designing an index tree interface integration method for adding a functional module on the index tree afterwards.
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