CN112268957A - Method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical surface guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures - Google Patents
Method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical surface guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures Download PDFInfo
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- CN112268957A CN112268957A CN202011255280.2A CN202011255280A CN112268957A CN 112268957 A CN112268957 A CN 112268957A CN 202011255280 A CN202011255280 A CN 202011255280A CN 112268957 A CN112268957 A CN 112268957A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
- G01N29/2462—Probes with waveguides, e.g. SAW devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/30—Arrangements for calibrating or comparing, e.g. with standard objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
- G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/04—Wave modes and trajectories
- G01N2291/042—Wave modes
- G01N2291/0423—Surface waves, e.g. Rayleigh waves, Love waves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n cylindrical propagation paths with different lengths, wherein two end faces of the measuring test block are planes and are vertical to the axis direction of the cylinder, a fixing device for fixing the cylindrical test blocks with different lengths is arranged on the measuring test block, and the lower end of the measuring test block forms a stepped structure; 2) adjusting the temperature of the lower end face of the test block to be measured, and keeping the temperature constant; 3) the ultrasonic transducer is used for exciting to generate ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves and transmitting the guided waves to the lower end surface of the test block along the direction vertical to the upper surface of the test blockiThen through the test blockThe reflected end surface returns to the ultrasonic transducer along the original path to be received, the amplitude of the echo wave is made to be 80% of full screen by adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument, and the gain value B at the moment is recordedi(ii) a 4) The method can accurately measure the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave under different workpieces and temperatures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for measuring attenuation coefficients, in particular to a method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave attenuation coefficients at different temperatures.
Background
The ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave exists in the whole detected part, can find internal and surface defects, has important application in ultrasonic detection, and is widely applied in nondestructive detection of rod-shaped structures such as bolts, ground anchors and the like due to the characteristics of large detection distance, no side wall interference, high detection efficiency and the like.
Common ultrasonic shear waves and longitudinal waves can be considered to propagate in an infinitely uniform isotropic elastic medium without waveshape coupling to each other. When the propagation medium is rod-shaped or rod-shaped, ultrasonic transverse waves or longitudinal waves are reflected back and forth by the outer wall to form cylindrical guided waves, the cylindrical guided waves generally comprise a longitudinal mode, a torsional mode and a bending mode, and the defect detection generally uses high-frequency-band guided waves to generate fewer modes, so that defect echoes can be conveniently identified.
Attenuation due to grain scattering and medium absorption when ultrasound propagates in a medium is prevalent in ultrasound propagation. In addition, dislocations, magnetic domain walls, residual stress, and the like in the propagation medium also cause attenuation of the ultrasonic wave. Compared with the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave in the infinite uniform elastic medium and the surface wave in the semi-infinite uniform elastic medium, the attenuation of the ultrasonic guided wave is very small, which is also a great characteristic of the ultrasonic guided wave in practical detection application, and the ultrasonic guided wave can be transmitted along the rod for a distance of tens of meters. Due to the wide application of the pressure pipeline, the long-distance ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave detection also has a very wide application space, so that the obtained attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave has important significance for mastering the propagation characteristics of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave in a medium and better utilizing the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave to carry out the actual detection work of workpieces such as pipelines and the like.
The existing method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic wave mainly obtains multiple reflection bottom waves of the ultrasonic wave which penetrates through a workpiece and reaches the bottom surface at normal temperature, the ultrasonic energy loss caused by reflection is processed in an estimation mode, and the measurement accuracy is to be further improved. In addition, the attenuation of ultrasonic waves is increased at high temperature, energy is difficult to meet the measurement requirement when a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is used for indirect coupling or an electromagnetic ultrasonic method, a special high-temperature ultrasonic transducer is needed when a direct coupling method is used, and the temperature uniformity of a part to be measured is difficult to control due to the existence of a coupling agent, so that the conventional method is not suitable for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at high temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different temperatures, and the method can accurately measure the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different workpieces and temperatures.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different temperatures comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n cylindrical propagation paths with different lengths, wherein two end faces of the measuring test block are planes and are vertical to the axis direction of the cylinder, a fixing device for fixing the cylindrical test blocks with different lengths is arranged on the measuring test block, and the lower end of the measuring test block forms a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the lower end face of the test block to be measured, and keeping the temperature constant;
3) the ultrasonic transducer is used for exciting to generate ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves and transmitting the guided waves to the lower end surface of the test block along the direction vertical to the upper end surface of the test blockiThen the reflected wave is returned to the ultrasonic transducer along the original path to be received after being reflected by the lower end surface of the test block, the amplitude of the echo wave is made to be 80% of full screen by adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument, and the gain value B at the moment is recordedi；
4) Calculating ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave attenuation systemNumber of
liI is half of the propagation distance of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface, and i is 1, 2.
The diameter of the test block for measuring each length is the same, the diameter is consistent with the diameter of a workpiece detected by the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface to be measured, and the connection of the fixing device and the test block does not influence the emission and the receiving of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface.
The number of the ultrasonic transducers is 1, and the frequency of the ultrasonic transducers is 0.5-10 MHz.
The echo amplitude is the amplitude of the peak position of the longitudinal mode echo.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave at different temperatures is characterized in that during specific operation, two end surfaces of a measuring test block are planes and are vertical to the axis direction of a cylinder, a fixing device for fixing the cylindrical test blocks with different lengths is arranged on the measuring test block, the lower end of the measuring test block forms a stepped structure, during testing, the temperature of the lower end surface of the measuring test block is adjusted to be measured and kept constant, an ultrasonic transducer is utilized to excite the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave, and the guided wave is transmitted to the lower end surface along the direction vertical to the upper surfaceiThen, the amplitude of the echo wave is adjusted to 80% of the full screen, the gain values of different propagation distances are recorded, the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface is calculated according to the gain values, then the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface under different workpieces and temperatures is accurately measured, and the operation is convenient and simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the measurement method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different temperatures according to the invention comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n cylindrical propagation paths with different lengths, wherein two end faces of the measuring test block are planes and are vertical to the axis direction of the cylinder, a fixing device for fixing the cylindrical test blocks with different lengths is fixed on the measuring test block, and the lower end of the measuring test block forms a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the lower end face of the test block to be measured, and keeping the temperature constant;
3) the ultrasonic transducer is used for exciting to generate ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves and transmitting the guided waves to the lower end surface of the test block along the direction vertical to the upper end surface of the test blockiThen the reflected wave is returned to the ultrasonic transducer along the original path to be received after being reflected by the lower end surface of the test block, the amplitude of the echo wave is made to be 80% of full screen by adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument, and the gain value B at the moment is recordedi；
4) Calculating the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave
liI is half of the propagation distance of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface, and i is 1, 2.
The diameter of the test block for measuring each length is the same, the diameter is consistent with the diameter of a workpiece detected by the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface to be measured, and the connection of the fixing device and the test block does not influence the emission and the receiving of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface.
The number of the ultrasonic transducers is 1, and the frequency of the ultrasonic transducers is 0.5-10 MHz.
The echo amplitude is the amplitude of the peak position of the longitudinal mode echo.
Claims (5)
1. A method for measuring the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a measuring test block comprising n cylindrical propagation paths with different lengths, wherein two end faces of the measuring test block are planes and are vertical to the axis direction of the cylinder, a fixing device for fixing the cylindrical test blocks with different lengths is arranged on the measuring test block, and the lower end of the measuring test block forms a stepped structure;
2) adjusting the temperature of the lower end face of the test block to be measured, and keeping the temperature constant;
3) the ultrasonic transducer is used for exciting to generate ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves and transmitting the guided waves to the lower end surface of the test block along the direction vertical to the upper end surface of the test blockiThen the reflected wave is returned to the ultrasonic transducer along the original path to be received after being reflected by the lower end surface of the test block, the amplitude of the echo wave is made to be 80% of full screen by adjusting the gain of the ultrasonic instrument, and the gain value B at the moment is recordedi；
4) Calculating the attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave
liI is half of the propagation distance of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface, and i is 1, 2.
2. The method for measuring the attenuation coefficient of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different temperatures as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the test block to be measured is the same for each length, the diameter is the same as the diameter of the workpiece to be measured, and the connection between the fixing device and the test block does not affect the transmission and reception of the guided wave of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface.
3. The method for determining the attenuation coefficient of an ultrasonic cylindrical guided wave at different temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the number of the ultrasonic transducers is 1.
4. The method for measuring the guided wave attenuation coefficient of the ultrasonic cylindrical surface at different temperatures according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the ultrasonic transducer is 0.5-10 MHz.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the echo amplitude is an amplitude of a peak position of an echo in the longitudinal mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011255280.2A CN112268957A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical surface guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011255280.2A CN112268957A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical surface guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112268957A true CN112268957A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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| CN202011255280.2A Pending CN112268957A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Method for measuring ultrasonic cylindrical surface guided wave attenuation coefficient at different temperatures |
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| CN (1) | CN112268957A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-11-11 CN CN202011255280.2A patent/CN112268957A/en active Pending
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