CN112268530A - Gear pump and end face clearance dynamic measurement test device and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear pump and an end surface clearance dynamic measurement test device and method thereof, wherein the device comprises an ultrasonic transceiver module, an oil supply module, a driving module, a processing module, an ultrasonic sensor, a conductive slip ring, a disc and a photoelectric switch, the ultrasonic sensor is arranged at the two gear end surfaces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the conductive slip ring is arranged at the tail end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the disc is arranged on a shaft neck of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the photoelectric switch is arranged at one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor, the ultrasonic sensor is connected with the processing module through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and the photoelectric switch is connected with the processing module. The invention utilizes the ultrasonic sensor to measure the gap between the end face of the gear and the floating thrust plate in real time under the working state, utilizes the photoelectric switch to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor, thereby deducing the inclination condition of the floating thrust plate, and processes a curve which displays the change of the gap value along with the rotation angle in real time through the processing module.

Description

Gear pump and end face clearance dynamic measurement test device and method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear pump and a device and a method for dynamically measuring and testing an end face clearance of the gear pump, and belongs to the technical field of gear pumps.

Background

The volumetric efficiency is an important index for measuring the working efficiency of the meshing gear pump, and the leakage is the primary factor causing the reduction of the volumetric efficiency of the pump, wherein the leakage amount of the end face clearance is the largest. The end face gap leakage mainly refers to an end face gap (axial gap) between two end faces of the gear and the front thrust plate and the rear thrust plate (or the shaft sleeve).

The automatic compensation of axial clearance of high-pressure gear pump generally adopts "elastic thrust plate" or "floating shaft sleeve", and makes it cling to the end face of gear under the action of hydraulic pressure, so that the end face leakage is reduced. The key of gear pump high pressure is reasonable design thrust plate structure, makes the moment balance that its produced can avoid the thrust plate to take place the slope and guarantee certain oil film clearance, can also automatic compensation because of the axial clearance problem that wearing and tearing brought. Therefore, proper design of the location and shape of the back pressure chamber is critical to achieving axial clearance compensation. Because the size of the gap cannot be directly measured, the design reasonability of the floating thrust plate is usually verified by adopting an analog simulation or direct test method, and the method is not accurate and visual enough.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a gear pump, which is provided with an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the clearance between the shaft end face of a driving gear and a floating thrust plate and a photoelectric switch for determining the position of the ultrasonic sensor so as to realize a dynamic measurement test of the clearance of the end face of the gear pump.

The second purpose of the invention is to provide a gear pump end face gap dynamic measurement test device, which utilizes an ultrasonic sensor to measure the gap between the gear end face and the floating thrust plate in a working state in real time, utilizes an optoelectronic switch to determine the position of the ultrasonic sensor, thereby deducing the inclination condition of the floating thrust plate, and processes a curve which displays the gap value along with the change of a rotation angle in real time through a processing module.

The third purpose of the invention is to provide a gear pump end face gap dynamic measurement test method, which can detect the gear two end face gap condition and the floating thrust plate inclination condition under the actual working condition, is simple and intuitive, is used for performing test verification on the design rationality of the floating thrust plate, and is beneficial to optimizing the design of the floating thrust plate.

The first purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a gear pump, includes the pump body, driving gear axle, driven gear axle, the thrust plate that floats, ultrasonic sensor, leads electrical slip ring, disc and photoelectric switch, driving gear axle, driven gear axle and the setting of the thrust plate that floats are in the pump body, and the both ends of driving gear axle are to the outer protrusion of pump body, ultrasonic sensor sets up the two gear end face departments at the driving gear axle, it sets up the end at the driving gear axle to lead electrical slip ring, the disc sets up on the axle journal of driving gear axle, photoelectric switch sets up the one side at the disc to correspond with ultrasonic sensor's position.

Furthermore, the conductive slip ring comprises a stator, a rotor, an electric brush, a rear oil seal and an end cover, wherein the stator is fixed on the end cover, the rotor is fixed on a driving gear shaft, the electric brush is arranged on the stator, and the rear oil seal is compressed through the end cover.

Further, the gear pump still includes front end housing and rear end cap, the one end at the pump body is fixed to the front end housing, the other end at the pump body is fixed to the rear end cap, the rear end cap is opened there is the ladder groove, the back oil blanket is installed on the ladder groove to compress tightly through the end cover, the end cover is fixed on the rear end cap.

Further, the gear pump further comprises pressure sensors, and the pressure sensors are arranged on the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft.

Furthermore, a small hole is formed in one side of the disc, and an optical axis of the photoelectric switch passes through the small hole.

Further, the photoelectric switch is a groove-type photoelectric switch.

The second purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a gear pump terminal surface clearance dynamic measurement test device, includes ultrasonic wave transceiver module, fuel feeding module, drive module, processing module, ultrasonic sensor, leads electrical slip ring, disc and photoelectric switch, ultrasonic sensor sets up two gear face departments of driving gear axle in the gear pump, it sets up the end of driving gear axle in the gear pump to lead electrical slip ring, the disc sets up in the gear pump on the axle journal of driving gear axle, photoelectric switch sets up the one side at the disc to correspond with ultrasonic sensor's position, ultrasonic sensor passes through ultrasonic wave transceiver module and is connected with processing module, photoelectric switch is connected with processing module, fuel feeding module and drive module are connected with the gear pump respectively.

Furthermore, the device also comprises pressure sensors, wherein the pressure sensors are arranged on the end faces of two gears of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and the pressure sensors are connected with the processing module.

Further, the processing module is a computer.

The third purpose of the invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method comprises the following steps:

arranging ultrasonic sensors at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and arranging a conductive slip ring at the tail end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump;

a disc is arranged on a shaft neck of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and a photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor;

working oil is provided for the gear pump through the oil supply module, working power is provided for the gear pump through the driving module, an output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the processing module through the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting module, and an output signal of the photoelectric switch is directly input into the processing module;

the processing module processes the output signal, converts discrete digital signals into continuous analog signals to be displayed, obtains the gap between the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, determines the position corresponding to the gap, and obtains the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate through derivation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the invention arranges the ultrasonic sensors at the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft, measures the clearance between the end faces of the two gears and the floating thrust plate by using the ultrasonic principle, can measure the size of the clearance of the end faces in real time in a working state, visually reflects the axial movement condition of the floating thrust plate under the working condition, is used for testing and verifying the design rationality of the floating thrust plate, arranges the disc on the shaft neck of the driving gear shaft, arranges the photoelectric switch at one side of the disc, determines the position of the ultrasonic sensor by using the disc and the photoelectric switch, thereby deducing and calculating the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate, and solves the problem that the inclination condition of the floating thrust plate is difficult to measure in the prior art.

2. The invention can also be provided with pressure sensors which are arranged at the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft, and the pressure sensors are used for measuring the pressure of the end faces of the two gears and researching the relation between the end face pressure and the end face clearance value.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a gear pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a point a in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the mounting locations of the drive gear shaft and the disk in a gear pump according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The device comprises a pump body 1, a driving gear shaft 2, a driven gear shaft 3, a floating thrust plate 4, a front end cover 5, a rear end cover 6, a front oil seal 7, a shaft sleeve 8, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a conductive slip ring 10, a stator 1001, a rotor 1002, an electric brush 1003, a rear oil seal 1004, an end cover 1005, a stator screw 1006, a rotor screw 1007, a rotor screw 1008, an end cover screw 1008, a disc 11, a hole 1101, a photoelectric switch 12, a positioning pin 13, a positioning pin 14, a pressure sensor 15, an ultrasonic transceiver module 16, an oil supply module 17, a driving module 18, a processing module 19 and a gear pump 20.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and more complete, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a gear pump, which is an external gear pump, and adopts an ultrasonic detection technology, and the ultrasonic detection technology has the advantages of high detection precision, simple process, convenient use, good safety, and the like, and is one of the most widely used and most frequently used detection technologies at present, and the gear pump includes a pump body 1, a driving gear shaft 2, a driven gear shaft 3, a floating thrust plate 4, a front end cover 5, a rear end cover 6, a front oil seal 7, a shaft sleeve 8, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a conductive slip ring 10, a disk 11 and an optoelectronic switch 12, wherein the driving gear shaft 2, the driven gear shaft 3 and the floating thrust plate 4 are arranged in the pump body 1, two ends of the driving gear shaft 2 extend out of the pump body 1, the front end cover 5 is fixed at one end of the pump body 1, the rear end cover 6 is fixed at the other end of the pump body 1, the rear end cover 6 and the pump body 1 are accurately positioned through a positioning pin 13, the front end cover 5, the pump body 1 and the rear end cover 6 are fixed through screws 14, the ultrasonic sensor 9 is a micro ultrasonic sensor, and the photoelectric switch 12 is a groove-shaped photoelectric switch.

Furthermore, first mounting holes 201 are formed in the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft 2, and an ultrasonic sensor 9 is mounted in the first mounting holes 201 and used for detecting the gap between the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft 2 and the floating thrust plate 4; in order to detect the pressure of the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2, the gear pump of the embodiment further comprises a pressure sensor 15, the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2 are further provided with second mounting holes 202, the second mounting holes 202 and the first mounting holes 201 are located on different teeth, the pressure sensor 15 is mounted on the second mounting holes 202, the relationship between the end face pressure and an end face clearance value can be researched by detecting the pressure of the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft 2, the larger the end face clearance value is, the larger the end face leakage amount is, the lower the volumetric efficiency of the gear pump is, the end face pressures are different at different positions, the size is changed from the inlet pressure to the outlet pressure, and the larger the end face clearance is at the same position, the smaller the end face pressure is; the relationship can be verified through experimental research, and the distribution condition of the pressure of the end face of the gear pump can be obtained by measuring the pressure of the end face, so that the stress condition of the end face of the gear is deduced and calculated, and the balance improvement design of the floating thrust plate 4 is facilitated.

Furthermore, the conductive slip ring 10 is arranged at the tail end of the driving gear shaft 2 and used for data transmission of the ultrasonic sensor 9 and the pressure sensor 14, the rear end cover 6 is provided with a stepped groove used for installing the conductive slip ring 10, the input end of the conductive slip ring 10 and the driving gear shaft 2 rotate synchronously, the output end of the conductive slip ring 10 is fixed with the rear end cover 6, and the data transmission avoid winding of a data line in the driving gear shaft 2; specifically, the conductive slip ring 10 includes a stator 1001, a rotor 1002, a brush 1003, a rear oil seal 1004, and an end cover 1005, the stator 1001 is fixed to the end cover 1005 by a stator screw 1006, the rotor 1002 is fixed to the driving gear shaft 2 by a rotor screw 1007, the brush 1003 is disposed on the stator 1001, the rear oil seal 1004 is mounted on a stepped groove of the rear end cover 6 and is pressed by the end cover 1005, and the end cover 1005 is fixed to the rear end cover 6 by an end cover screw 1008.

Further, a disc 11 is mounted on the journal of the driving gear shaft 2, and a photoelectric switch 12 is fixedly mounted on one side of the disc 11 and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor 9 for determining the position of the ultrasonic sensor 9; specifically, one side of the disc 11 is provided with a small hole 1101, the optical axis of the photoelectric switch 12 passes through the small hole 1101, the small hole 1101 of the embodiment is located on the left side of the disc 11, and the small hole 1101 and the first mounting hole 201 are located on the same radial plane.

As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment further provides a gear pump end face gap dynamic measurement testing apparatus, which includes an ultrasonic transceiver module 16, an oil supply module 17, a driving module 18, a processing module 19, an ultrasonic sensor 9, a pressure sensor 15, a conductive slip ring 10, a disk 11 and a photoelectric switch 12, wherein the ultrasonic sensor 9 is disposed at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the pressure sensor 15 is disposed at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the conductive slip ring 10 is disposed at a tail end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the disk 11 is disposed on a journal of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump 20, the photoelectric switch 12 is fixedly mounted at a left side of the disk 11 and corresponds to a position of the ultrasonic sensor 9, the ultrasonic sensor 9 is connected to the processing module 19 through the ultrasonic transceiver module 16, the photoelectric switch 12 and the pressure sensor 15 are respectively connected to the processing module 19, the oil supply module 17 and the driving module 18 are respectively connected with the gear pump 20, wherein the ultrasonic transceiver module 16 is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, the oil supply module 17 is used for providing working oil for the gear pump 20, the driving module 18 is used for providing working power for the gear pump 20, the processing module 19 is a computer and used for data analysis and processing, the functions of the ultrasonic sensor 9, the pressure sensor 15, the conductive slip ring 10 and the photoelectric switch 12 are the same as those of the gear pump, and the description is omitted.

The embodiment also provides a gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method, which comprises the following steps:

and S1, arranging the ultrasonic sensor and the pressure sensor at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and arranging the conductive slip ring at the tail end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump.

And S2, arranging a disc on the shaft neck of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and arranging a photoelectric switch on one side of the disc, wherein the photoelectric switch corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor.

And S3, working oil is provided for the gear pump through the oil supply module, working power is provided for the gear pump through the driving module, an output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the computer through the ultrasonic transceiver module, and output signals of the pressure sensor and the photoelectric switch are directly input into the computer.

S4, the computer processes the output signal through signal processing software, the signal processing software is an existing product, discrete digital signals are converted into continuous analog signals to be displayed through a display screen, ultrasonic sensor signals obtain the size of a gap between the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, pressure sensor signals obtain the pressure of the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft, photoelectric switch signals determine the position corresponding to the gap, and the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate is obtained through derivation according to the size of the gap between the two gear end faces and the floating thrust plate and the position corresponding to the gap.

Wherein, according to the clearance size of two gear terminal surfaces and the thrust plate that floats and the position that the clearance corresponds, obtain the thrust plate inclination of floating through the derivation, specifically include:

1) a three-dimensional coordinate system is established by taking the center of the end face of the driving gear shaft as an origin, the center lines of the two gears as an x axis, the center line perpendicular to the two gears as a y axis and the axis of the driving gear shaft as a z axis.

2) Theoretically, any three measurement points can be selected to determine the plane of the floating thrust plate, and the inclination angle can be deduced. For ease of calculation, two points a (-r,0, z1) and b (r,0, z2) on the x-axis and two points c (0, -r, z3) and d (0, r, z4) on the y-axis are selected.

3) Calculating the inclination angle of the x-axis direction as follows:

calculating the inclination angle of the y-axis direction as follows:

calculating the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate according to the following formula:

in conclusion, the ultrasonic sensors are arranged at the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft, the gap between the end faces of the two gears and the floating thrust plate is measured by utilizing an ultrasonic principle, the size of the gap between the end faces can be measured in real time in a working state, the axial movement condition of the floating thrust plate under a working condition is visually reflected, the experimental verification is carried out on the design rationality of the floating thrust plate, the disc is arranged on the shaft neck of the driving gear shaft, the photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc, the position of the ultrasonic sensor is determined by utilizing the disc and the photoelectric switch, the inclination direction and the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate are deduced and calculated, and the problem that the inclination condition of the floating thrust plate is difficult to measure in the prior art is solved; in addition, the invention can also be provided with pressure sensors which are arranged at the end faces of the two gears of the driving gear shaft, and the pressure sensors are used for measuring the pressure of the end faces of the two gears and researching the relation between the end face pressure and the end face clearance value.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a gear pump, includes the pump body, driving gear axle, driven gear axle and the thrust plate that floats set up in the pump body, and the both ends of driving gear axle are outwards stretched out to the pump body, its characterized in that still includes ultrasonic sensor, electrically conducts sliding ring, disc and photoelectric switch, ultrasonic sensor sets up two gear end face departments at the driving gear axle, electrically conducts the sliding ring setting at the end of driving gear axle, the disc sets up on the axle journal of driving gear axle, photoelectric switch sets up in one side of disc to correspond with ultrasonic sensor's position.

2. The gear pump of claim 1, wherein the conductive slip ring comprises a stator, a rotor, a brush, a rear oil seal, and an end cap, the stator being secured to the end cap, the rotor being secured to the drive gear shaft, the brush being disposed on the stator, the rear oil seal being compressed by the end cap.

3. The gear pump of claim 2, further comprising a front end cap and a rear end cap, wherein the front end cap is fixed to one end of the pump body, the rear end cap is fixed to the other end of the pump body, the rear end cap is provided with a stepped groove, the rear oil seal is mounted on the stepped groove and is compressed by the end cap, and the end cap is fixed to the rear end cap.

4. The gear pump of claim 1, further comprising pressure sensors disposed at both gear end faces of the drive gear shaft.

5. Gear pump according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the disc is provided with a small hole on one side, through which the optical axis of the opto-electronic switch passes.

6. The gear pump of any of claims 1-4, wherein the opto-electronic switch is a slot-type opto-electronic switch.

7. The utility model provides a gear pump terminal surface clearance dynamic measurement test device, its characterized in that, includes ultrasonic transceiver module, fuel feeding module, drive module, processing module, ultrasonic sensor, leads electrical slip ring, disc and photoelectric switch, ultrasonic sensor sets up two gear end face departments of driving gear axle in the gear pump, it sets up the end of driving gear axle in the gear pump to lead electrical slip ring, the disc sets up on the axle journal of driving gear axle in the gear pump, photoelectric switch sets up in one side of disc to correspond with ultrasonic sensor's position, ultrasonic sensor passes through ultrasonic transceiver module and is connected with processing module, photoelectric switch is connected with processing module, fuel feeding module and drive module are connected with the gear pump respectively.

8. The gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test device of claim 7, further comprising pressure sensors disposed at both gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, the pressure sensors being connected to the processing module.

9. The gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement testing device of any one of claims 7-8, wherein the processing module is a computer.

10. A gear pump end face clearance dynamic measurement test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

arranging ultrasonic sensors at two gear end faces of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and arranging a conductive slip ring at the tail end of the driving gear shaft in the gear pump;

a disc is arranged on a shaft neck of a driving gear shaft in the gear pump, and a photoelectric switch is arranged on one side of the disc and corresponds to the position of the ultrasonic sensor;

working oil is provided for the gear pump through the oil supply module, working power is provided for the gear pump through the driving module, an output signal of the ultrasonic sensor is input into the processing module through the ultrasonic receiving and transmitting module, and an output signal of the photoelectric switch is directly input into the processing module;

the processing module processes the output signal, converts discrete digital signals into continuous analog signals to be displayed, obtains the gap between the two gear end faces of the driving gear shaft and the floating thrust plate, determines the position corresponding to the gap, and obtains the inclination angle of the floating thrust plate through derivation.

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