CN112267215A - Nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
- D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D10B2321/042—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polytetrafluoroethene [PTFE]
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
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Abstract
The invention is suitable for the technical field of alcohol detection, and provides a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: respectively adding at least one high polymer material into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain at least one spinning precursor solution; and respectively carrying out electrostatic spinning on at least one spinning precursor solution to obtain the nanofiber membrane. Since the nanofiber membrane has a very small fiber diameter and the difference between the refractive index of alcohol and the refractive index of the nanofiber membrane is much smaller than the difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of the nanofiber membrane, the nanofiber membrane can show excellent light transmittance after being treated with alcohol, and the transparency of the nanofiber membrane after being treated with water is not improved, so that the content of alcohol can be confirmed by detecting the light transmittance of the nanofiber membrane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alcohol detection, and particularly relates to a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of economy, the number of automobile reserves has increased year by year, and a large number of death accidents are caused by automobile collisions every year around the world. Numerous studies have finally shown that excessive drinking by drivers greatly increases the risk of traffic accidents, in which case, in order to monitor and control drunk driving, alcohol detection techniques are necessary and have gone through the whole process from invasive to non-invasive detection. After being absorbed by human body, alcohol can be distributed in blood, breath, sweat, urine and saliva, and the alcohol content in the parts can be detected to obtain the alcohol content in blood. However, the existing detection method still has the defects. Among them, the blood drawing alcohol test is an invasive test harmful to the human body, and requires waiting for a test result, and thus is not suitable for a field test. The sweat test, the urine test and the saliva test are related to the drinking time and the physical condition of the individual, and thus are not suitable for the alcohol test. Although near-infrared spectroscopy and raman spectroscopy have greatly improved accuracy, they are not portable and do not facilitate on-site detection.
At present, the most common detection method is a mouth breathing wine bar measuring method, however, the equipment is expensive and varies from hundreds of yuan to thousands of yuan, and each tester needs to replace an air blowing device, so that the cost is increased and the secondary pollution of plastic products is brought.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that the preparation method of the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection comprises the following steps:
respectively adding at least one high polymer material into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain at least one spinning precursor solution;
respectively carrying out electrostatic spinning on at least one spinning precursor solution to obtain the nanofiber membrane;
the polymer material is one or more of polylactic acid, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polybutyl acrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, cellulose and derivatives thereof, hyaluronic acid, gelatin, chitosan, chitin and lignin.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the spinning precursor solution is 1% -50%.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, the polymer material is polylactic acid and polyvinylidene fluoride; the preparation method of the nanofiber membrane specifically comprises the following steps:
adding polylactic acid into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain a first spinning precursor solution;
adding polyvinylidene fluoride into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain a second spinning precursor solution;
performing electrostatic spinning on the first spinning precursor solution to obtain polylactic acid fibers;
and (3) carrying out electrostatic spinning on the second spinning precursor solution on the polylactic acid fiber to obtain the nanofiber membrane.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is one or more selected from water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, paraformaldehyde, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrodifiuoro, dimethyl amide, lithium chloride, dimethyl acetamide, sodium hydroxide, urea, an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, an amino compound salt, potassium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate and lithium thiocyanate.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, in the step, the voltage of electrostatic spinning is 10-20 kV.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the concentration of the polylactic acid in the first spinning precursor solution is 6-10%.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the concentration of polyvinylidene fluoride in the second spinning precursor liquid is 3% -12%.
Another object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a nanofiber membrane prepared by the above preparation method.
As another preferable scheme of the embodiment of the invention, the fiber diameter of the nanofiber membrane is 300-500 nm, and the thickness of the nanofiber membrane is 0.0001-1 mm.
Another objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an application of the nanofiber membrane in alcohol detection.
According to the preparation method of the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection provided by the embodiment of the invention, the prepared nanofiber membrane has very small fiber diameter, and the difference between the refractive index of alcohol and the refractive index of the nanofiber membrane is much smaller than the difference between the refractive index of air and the refractive index of the nanofiber membrane, so that the nanofiber membrane can show excellent light transmittance after being treated by alcohol, and the transparency cannot be improved after being treated by water, so that the content of alcohol can be confirmed by detecting the light transmittance of the nanofiber membrane. Specifically, the nanofiber membrane can be provided as alcohol detection test paper during traffic investigation, saliva or mouth breathing gas of a driver is tested through the test paper, and the alcohol content is judged by testing the light transmittance of the test paper through combination of naked eye primary measurement and a light transmittance instrument, so that drunk driving screening with the advantages of rapidness in detection, simplicity in operation and low cost can be realized, and the traffic investigation work efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-syringe; 2-receiving means.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a nanofiber membrane provided in an embodiment of the present invention when detecting alcohol.
In the figure, 3 — nanofiber membrane before detection; 4-nanofiber membrane after detection.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison of transmittance of alcohol-treated nanofiber membranes prepared from PVDF/PLA in different concentrations.
FIG. 4 is an optical photograph of nanofiber membranes made with different concentrations of PVDF/PLA before and after alcohol treatment.
FIG. 5 is an optical photograph of the nanofiber membranes prepared from CA, PAN, and PCL before and after alcohol treatment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials mentioned are commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and acetone, putting the chloroform and the acetone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polylactic acid (PLA) into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the PLA mass concentration of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of acetone into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the acetone to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); and then, adding a certain amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solid into the uniformly mixed cosolvent, and stirring for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with the PVDF concentration of 3%.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on to obtain the polylactic acid fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polylactic acid fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and acetone, putting the chloroform and the acetone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polylactic acid (PLA) into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the PLA mass concentration of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of acetone into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the acetone to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); and then, adding a certain amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solid into the uniformly mixed cosolvent, and stirring for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with the PVDF concentration of 5%.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on to obtain the polylactic acid fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polylactic acid fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and acetone, putting the chloroform and the acetone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polylactic acid (PLA) into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the PLA mass concentration of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of acetone into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the acetone to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); and then, adding a certain amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solid into the uniformly mixed cosolvent, and stirring for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with 8% of PVDF concentration.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on to obtain the polylactic acid fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polylactic acid fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and acetone, putting the chloroform and the acetone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polylactic acid (PLA) into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the PLA mass concentration of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of acetone into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the acetone to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); and then, adding a certain amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solid into the uniformly mixed cosolvent, and stirring for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with the PVDF concentration of 10%.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on to obtain the polylactic acid fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polylactic acid fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and acetone, putting the chloroform and the acetone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polylactic acid (PLA) into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the PLA mass concentration of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of acetone into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the acetone to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); then, a certain amount of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) solid was added to the uniformly mixed co-solvent, and stirred for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with 12% PVDF concentration.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃ and the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on to obtain the polylactic acid fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polylactic acid fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of dimethyl sulfoxide and tetrahydrofuran, putting the dimethyl sulfoxide and the tetrahydrofuran into a reagent bottle according to the volume ratio of 1:1, then weighing a certain amount of Cellulose Acetate (CA) into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain clear and uniform spinning precursor liquid with the CA mass concentration of 20%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 25cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 1mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of dimethylformamide and placing the dimethylformamide into a reagent bottle, then weighing a certain amount of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and placing the Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing the Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and the PAN on a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours to obtain clear and uniform spinning precursor liquid with the PAN mass concentration of 20%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.9mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and dimethylformamide, putting the chloroform and the dimethylformamide into a reagent bottle according to the volume ratio of 4:1, then weighing a certain amount of Polycaprolactone (PCL) into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform spinning precursor solution with the PCL mass concentration of 20%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 12kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 2mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and dimethylformamide, putting the chloroform and the dimethylformamide into a reagent bottle according to the volume ratio of 4:1, then weighing a certain amount of Polycaprolactone (PCL) into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform spinning precursor solution with the PCL mass concentration of 20%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 12kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 2mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of water and ethanol, putting the water and the ethanol into a reagent bottle according to the volume ratio of 1:1, then weighing a certain amount of polyvinyl alcohol, putting the polyvinyl alcohol into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing the polyvinyl alcohol and the ethanol for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain clear and uniform spinning precursor liquid with the polyvinyl alcohol mass concentration of 1%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 10kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 2mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 300nm and the thickness of 0.0001mm can be obtained.
Example 10
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of toluene, xylene and methyl ethyl ketone, putting the toluene, the xylene and the methyl ethyl ketone into a reagent bottle according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, then weighing a certain amount of polymethyl methacrylate into the reagent bottle, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain clear and uniform spinning precursor liquid with the mass concentration of the polymethyl methacrylate being 50%.
S2, extracting 5mL of spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the high-voltage power supply voltage is 20kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 2mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 100 r/min; meanwhile, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 50%, and then the power supply is switched on, so that the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 500nm and the thickness of 1mm can be obtained.
Example 11
This example provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which is different from example 1 only in that: the concentration of polylactic acid in the first spinning precursor solution prepared was 6%.
Example 12
This example provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which is different from example 1 only in that: the concentration of polylactic acid in the first spinning precursor solution prepared was 10%.
Example 13
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and methyl ethyl ketone, putting the chloroform and the methyl ethyl ketone into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:3, then weighing a certain amount of polyurethane into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor liquid with the mass concentration of the polyurethane of 8%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of ionic liquid into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the ionic liquid to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); and then, adding a certain amount of chitin into the uniformly mixed cosolvent, and stirring for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with the chitin concentration of 12%.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; and simultaneously controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, and then switching on a power supply to obtain the polyurethane fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high-voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polyurethane fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
Example 14
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a method for preparing a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection, which includes the following steps:
s1, weighing a certain amount of chloroform and toluene, putting the chloroform and toluene into a reagent bottle A according to the volume ratio of 1:1, then weighing a certain amount of polyethylene terephthalate into the reagent bottle A, and stirring and mixing for 2 hours on a magnetic stirrer to obtain a clear and uniform first spinning precursor solution with the mass concentration of the polyethylene terephthalate being 15%.
S2, weighing a certain amount of ethanol into the reagent bottle B, and adding a certain amount of dimethylformamide to obtain a clear and uniform cosolvent (the volume ratio of the ethanol to the dimethylformamide is 3: 7); next, a certain amount of gelatin was added to the uniformly mixed co-solvent, and stirred on a magnetic stirrer for 2 hours to obtain a clear and uniform second spinning precursor solution with a gelatin concentration of 15%.
S3, extracting 5mL of first spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle A by using an injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set: the voltage of a high-voltage power supply is 15kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 15cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.6mL/h, and the rotating speed of the roller is 180 r/min; and simultaneously controlling the ambient temperature to be 20 ℃ and the humidity to be 50%, and then switching on a power supply to obtain the polyethylene terephthalate fiber.
S4, extracting 5mL of second spinning precursor liquid in a reagent bottle B by using another injector 1; then, the injector 1 is fixed on a propelling pump, the anode of a high-voltage power supply is connected to the needle head, and the cathode is connected to the receiving device 2 (aluminum foil); then, electrospinning parameters were set. The high voltage power supply voltage is 16kV, the distance between the injector 1 and the corresponding receiving device 2 (aluminum foil) is 20cm, the propelling speed of the propelling pump is 0.4mL/h, the environmental temperature is controlled to be 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, then the power supply is switched on to spin PVDF on the polyethylene terephthalate fiber obtained in the step S3, and the nanofiber membrane with the fiber diameter of 400nm and the thickness of 0.5mm can be obtained.
The nanofiber membrane prepared in the above embodiment can be used for detecting alcohol. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the nanofiber membrane can be provided as an alcohol detection test paper during traffic investigation, saliva or breath gas of a driver is tested through the test paper, and the alcohol content is judged by testing the light transmittance of the test paper in combination with a naked eye preliminary test and a light transmittance meter, so that fast detection, simple operation and low cost drunk driving screening can be realized, and the traffic investigation work efficiency is improved.
Experimental example:
firstly, after the nanofiber membranes (example 1-3% PVDF/8% PLA, example 2-5% PVDF/8% PLA, example 3-8% PVDF/8% PLA, example 4-10% PVDF/8% PLA, example 5-12% PVDF/8% PLA) prepared in the above examples 1-5 were treated with alcohol, the transmittance test was performed, and the test results are shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen from the figure, the transmittance of the nanofiber membrane provided by the embodiment of the invention is improved after the nanofiber membrane is treated with alcohol.
Second, optical photographs of the nanofiber membranes (example 1-3% PVDF/8% PLA, example 2-5% PVDF/8% PLA, example 3-8% PVDF/8% PLA, example 4-10% PVDF/8% PLA, example 5-12% PVDF/8% PLA) prepared in examples 1-5 before and after alcohol treatment were observed, as shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from the figure, the transparency of the nanofiber membrane provided by the embodiment of the invention is changed after the nanofiber membrane is treated by alcohol.
Third, the photo images of the nanofiber membranes (example 6-CA, example 7-PAN, example 8-PCL) prepared in examples 6 to 8 before and after alcohol treatment were observed, as shown in FIG. 5. As can be seen from the figure, the transparency of the nanofiber membrane provided by the embodiment of the invention is changed after the nanofiber membrane is treated by alcohol.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively adding at least one high polymer material into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain at least one spinning precursor solution;
respectively carrying out electrostatic spinning on at least one spinning precursor solution to obtain the nanofiber membrane;
the polymer material is one or more of polylactic acid, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polystyrene, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl butyral, polyarylate, polybutyl acrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, cellulose and derivatives thereof, hyaluronic acid, gelatin, chitosan, chitin and lignin.
2. The method for preparing the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the spinning precursor solution is 1% -50%.
3. The method for preparing the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polymer material is polylactic acid and polyvinylidene fluoride; the preparation method of the nanofiber membrane specifically comprises the following steps:
adding polylactic acid into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain a first spinning precursor solution;
adding polyvinylidene fluoride into a solvent, stirring and mixing to obtain a second spinning precursor solution;
performing electrostatic spinning on the first spinning precursor solution to obtain polylactic acid fibers;
and (3) carrying out electrostatic spinning on the second spinning precursor solution on the polylactic acid fiber to obtain the nanofiber membrane.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the solvent is one or more selected from water, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, paraformaldehyde, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrodifluoride, dimethyl amide, lithium chloride, dimethylacetamide, sodium hydroxide, urea, an ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, an amino compound salt, potassium thiocyanate, sodium thiocyanate and lithium thiocyanate.
5. The method for preparing the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein in the step, the voltage of electrostatic spinning is 10-20 kV.
6. The method for preparing the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection as claimed in claim 3, wherein the concentration of polylactic acid in the first spinning precursor solution is 6% -10%.
7. The method for preparing the nanofiber membrane for alcohol detection as claimed in claim 3 or 6, wherein the concentration of polyvinylidene fluoride in the second spinning precursor solution is 3% -12%.
8. A nanofiber membrane prepared by the preparation method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The nanofiber membrane as claimed in claim 8, wherein the nanofiber membrane has a fiber diameter of 300 to 500nm and a thickness of 0.0001 to 1 mm.
10. Use of the nanofiber membrane as claimed in claim 8 or 9 in the detection of alcohol.
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