CN112264707A

CN112264707A - Laser welding device for industrial manufacturing and welding method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112264707A
Application number: CN202011114145.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Zhaoqing Zhongcai Electromechanical Technology Research and Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhaoqing Zhongcai Electromechanical Technology Research and Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-18
Filing date: 2020-10-18
Publication date: 2021-01-26

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and discloses a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing and a welding method thereof. Let in from the protective gas pipeline end through protective gas, the protective gas that the reposition of redundant personnel effect through the gas shunt tubes lets in respectively gets into the outside of gas shunt tubes and honeycomb duct, the gas in the honeycomb duct outside is insufflated along with the inboard edge of gas shunt tubes, carry out drying and heat exchange for the inboard of gas shunt tubes, the gas in the gas shunt tubes outside simultaneously lets in, carry out drying and heat exchange for the outside inner wall of gas shunt tubes, make the inboard inner wall of gas shunt tubes and the spotlight intracavity wall in the gas shunt tubes outside can not produce vapor, and the inner wall in spotlight chamber carries out water-cooling and air-cooling simultaneously and has increased the cooling effect.

Description

Laser welding device for industrial manufacturing and welding method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing and a welding method thereof.

Background

In industrial manufacturing, in order to make the welding process of workpieces more precise and efficient, laser welding technology is used for welding, wherein laser beams are used as energy sources to impact on a welding head, the laser beams are guided to project light beams on a welding seam for welding, the laser beams are generated from a light-gathering cavity, and a pumping source is coupled with a working substance in the light-gathering cavity, so that uniform laser beams are generated.

When the laser light-gathering cavity is used, due to the fact that the environment is moist, when the laser is started, the temperature of cooling water is low, meanwhile, the temperature cannot reach the effect of instantly drying air in the cavity when the temperature in the cavity rises, water vapor in the air is liquefied on the inner wall by means of cold and heat alternation, accordingly, the light-gathering efficiency is low, normal use of the laser is affected, after the water vapor is liquefied, preheating and drying are needed subsequently, the inner wall can be cleaned and used again, welding production efficiency is affected, and working difficulty is increased; meanwhile, in the laser welding process, because the protective gas is drawn into the molten pool, the cooling speed after laser welding is very high, bubbles cannot escape in time and are remained on a welding line to form air holes, so that the rigidity strength of the welded part is weakened, the qualified rate of workpiece welding production is reduced, and the energy consumption and the production cost are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing laser welding process in the background technology in the using process, the invention provides the laser welding device for industrial manufacturing and the welding method thereof, which have the advantages of removing condensation and reducing air holes and solve the technical problems in the background technology.

The invention provides the following technical scheme: a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing comprises a light-gathering cavity, wherein a laser rod is fixedly connected inside the light-gathering cavity, a cooling water pipeline is fixedly connected inside the light-gathering cavity, a protective gas pipeline positioned outside the laser rod is fixedly connected to one side inside the light-gathering cavity, a gas shunt pipe positioned inside the cooling water pipeline is fixedly connected inside the light-gathering cavity, a flow guide pipe is fixedly connected inside the gas shunt pipe, an external air pipe communicated with the gas shunt pipe and the cooling water pipeline is fixedly connected to the top end and the bottom end of the light-gathering cavity respectively, one side of the external air pipe is fixedly connected with air outlet holes, a laser welding head is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two air outlet holes, a protective lens is fixedly connected inside the laser welding head, and a movable sealing ring positioned inside the protective gas pipeline is movably connected to one side inside the, the bottom fixedly connected with spring of activity closed ring, the bottom fixedly connected with piston of spring, the outside swing joint of piston has the cylinder.

Preferably, the middle part of the gas shunt pipe and the horizontal line form an included angle of 10 degrees, the horizontal position of one side of the gas shunt pipe, which is close to the protective gas pipeline, is higher than the other side of the gas shunt pipe, and the middle part of one side of the gas shunt pipe in the protective gas pipeline.

Preferably, the shape of honeycomb duct is "Z" type, and the top and the bottom length of honeycomb duct are the spotlight chamber one tenth of length, the top of honeycomb duct is parallel with the middle part of gas shunt tubes.

Preferably, the width of the movable closed ring is half of the width of the protective gas pipeline.

Preferably, one half of the width of one side of the inner part of the light-gathering cavity is the same as the length of the bottom end of the gas shunt pipe.

Preferably, the height of the top end of the piston is two thirds of the vertical height of the protective gas pipeline.

Preferably, the height of the cylinder is the same as the vertical height of the shielding gas duct.

A welding method of a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing comprises the following operation steps:

s1, after starting up, introducing protective gas from one side of the protective gas pipeline;

s2, distributing protective gas through a gas distributing pipe, and respectively introducing the protective gas into the light gathering cavity and one side of the laser welding head;

s3, after the temperature rises, the piston pushes the movable sealing ring to extend out of the inner side of the gas shunt pipe, and the channel at the inner side of the gas shunt pipe is closed, so that the protective gas is only introduced into the outer side of the gas shunt pipe;

and S4, welding by a laser welding head.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the protective gas is introduced from the end of the protective gas pipeline, the protective gas introduced through the shunting action of the gas shunt pipe respectively enters the gas shunt pipe and the outer side of the flow guide pipe, the gas outside the flow guide pipe is blown in along with the inner side edge of the gas shunt pipe to dry and exchange heat for the inner side of the gas shunt pipe, and meanwhile, the gas outside the gas shunt pipe is introduced to dry and exchange heat for the outer inner wall of the gas shunt pipe, so that steam cannot be generated on the inner wall of the gas shunt pipe and the inner wall of the light-gathering cavity outside the gas shunt pipe, and the inner wall of the light-gathering cavity is simultaneously cooled by water and air to increase the cooling effect, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the cooling water and the gas in the light-gathering cavity when the device is started.

2. According to the invention, the gas introduced from the end of the protective gas pipeline only passes through the outer side of the gas shunt pipe, and meanwhile, the gas carries the exchanged heat to carry out gas protection on the welding seam part at the outer side of the protective lens, so that the cooling speed of metal at the welding seam is reduced, bubbles can escape in time, pores formed at the welding seam are reduced, the welded workpiece keeps the rigidity strength, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a side view and a cut-away view of a portion of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a light-gathering cavity; 2. a laser bar; 3. a cooling water pipeline; 4. a shielding gas conduit; 5. a gas shunt tube; 6. a flow guide pipe; 7. an outer air tube; 8. a laser welding head; 9. protecting the lens; 10. an air outlet; 11. a movable closed ring; 12. a spring; 13. a piston; 14. and a cylinder.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-3, a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing comprises a light-gathering cavity 1, a laser rod 2 fixedly connected inside the light-gathering cavity 1, a cooling water pipeline 3 fixedly connected inside the light-gathering cavity 1, a protective gas pipeline 4 fixedly connected on one side inside the light-gathering cavity 1 and located outside the laser rod 2, a gas shunt pipe 5 fixedly connected inside the cooling water pipeline 3 inside the light-gathering cavity 1, one half of the width of one side inside the light-gathering cavity 1 is the same as the length of the bottom end of the gas shunt pipe 5, so as to ensure that gas is shunted by the gas shunt pipe 5 after being introduced from 4, a flow guide pipe 6 fixedly connected inside the gas shunt pipe 5, an external gas pipe 7 respectively fixedly connected on the top end and the bottom end of the light-gathering cavity 1 and communicated between the gas shunt pipe 5 and the cooling water pipeline 3, and a gas outlet 10, the inboard fixedly connected with laser welder head 8 of two ventholes 10, the inside fixedly connected with protective glass piece 9 of laser welder head 8, the inside one side swing joint of spotlight chamber 1 has the activity closed ring 11 that is located protective gas pipeline 4 inboards, the width of activity closed ring 11 is the half of protective gas pipeline 4 width, the bottom fixedly connected with spring 12 of activity closed ring 11, the bottom fixedly connected with piston 13 of spring 12, the top height of piston 13 is the two-thirds of protective gas pipeline 4 vertical height, the outside swing joint of piston 13 has cylinder 14, the height of cylinder 14 is the same with protective gas pipeline 4's vertical height, can close the pipeline of protective gas pipeline 4 inboards through temperature control.

Wherein, the middle part of the gas shunt tube 5 and the horizontal line form an included angle of 10 degrees, and the horizontal position of one side of the gas shunt tube 5 close to the protective gas pipeline 4 is higher than the other side of the gas shunt tube 5, one side of the gas shunt tube 5 is at the middle part in the protective gas pipeline 4, the protective gas shunted to the inner side of the gas shunt tube 5 through the gas shunt tube 5 flows along with the trend of the surface flow of a convex object according to the coanda effect, namely along with the inner side surface flow of the gas shunt tube 5, the drying and heat exchange effect is improved, the liquefaction of water vapor is inhibited, the light-gathering efficiency of the light-gathering cavity is improved, simultaneously, the flow velocity of the protective gas led in the outer side of the gas shunt tube 5 in the light-gathering cavity is fast when the angle of the gas shunt tube 5 is set, the flow velocity is slowed down, and the flow velocity of the protective gas in the laser welding head 8 is better controlled, and the generation of redundant bubbles due to the over-high flow velocity is avoided.

The gas introduced through the end of the protective gas pipeline 4 only passes through the outer side of the gas shunt pipe 5, and meanwhile, the passing gas carries exchanged heat to carry out gas protection on the welding seam position outside the protective lens 9, so that the cooling speed of metal at the welding seam position is reduced, bubbles can escape timely, gas holes formed at the welding seam position are reduced, the welded workpiece keeps rigid strength, and the service life of the workpiece is prolonged.

Wherein, the shape of honeycomb duct 6 is "Z" type, and the top and the bottom length of honeycomb duct 6 are the ten times of spotlight chamber 1 length, and the top of honeycomb duct 6 is parallel with the middle part of gas shunt tubes 5, makes the protection gas let in the stability of honeycomb duct 6 outside gas when letting in after being shunted by gas shunt tubes 5.

s1, after starting up, introducing protective gas from one side of the protective gas pipeline 4;

s2, the protective gas is shunted through the gas shunt pipe 5 and respectively led into the interior of the light gathering cavity 1 and one side of the laser welding head 8;

s3, after the temperature rises, the piston 13 pushes the movable sealing ring 11 to extend towards the inner side of the gas shunt pipe 5, and the channel at the inner side of the gas shunt pipe 5 is closed, so that the protective gas is only introduced into the outer side of the gas shunt pipe 5;

s4, the laser welding head 8 performs welding.

The use method (working principle) of the invention is as follows:

after the machine is started, protective gas is introduced from the end of the protective gas pipeline 4, the protective gas introduced through the shunting action of the gas shunt pipe 5 respectively enters the outer sides of the gas shunt pipe 5 and the gas shunt pipe 6, the gas outside the gas shunt pipe 6 is blown in along with the inner side edge of the gas shunt pipe 5 to dry and exchange heat for the inner side of the gas shunt pipe 5, meanwhile, the gas outside the gas shunt pipe 5 is introduced to dry and exchange heat for the inner side wall of the outer side of the gas shunt pipe 5, the temperature in the light-gathering cavity 1 reaches the temperature capable of immediately gasifying the internal air, namely the gas at the bottom end of a piston 13 in a cylinder 14 expands, the top end of the piston 13 pushes a movable sealing ring 11 to move towards the inner side of the gas shunt pipe 5, and the flow rate of the gas introduced through the protective gas pipeline 4 simultaneously, so that the movable sealing ring 11, namely, the gas pipeline at the inner side of the gas shunt pipe 5 is closed, at the moment, the gas introduced from the end of the protective gas pipeline 4 only passes through the outer side of the gas shunt pipe 5, and the gas passing through carries the exchanged heat to carry out gas protection on the welding seam part at the outer side of the protective lens 9.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a laser welding device for industrial manufacturing, includes spotlight chamber (1), the inside fixedly connected with laser rod (2) of spotlight chamber (1), the inside fixedly connected with cooling water piping (3) of spotlight chamber (1), its characterized in that: the laser focusing device is characterized in that a protective gas pipeline (4) located on the outer side of the laser rod (2) is fixedly connected to one side of the interior of the focusing cavity (1), a gas shunt pipe (5) located inside the cooling water pipeline (3) is fixedly connected to the interior of the focusing cavity (1), a flow guide pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the interior of the gas shunt pipe (5), an external air pipe (7) communicated with the gas shunt pipe (5) and the cooling water pipeline (3) is fixedly connected to the top end and the bottom end of the focusing cavity (1) respectively, air outlet holes (10) are fixedly connected to one side of the external air pipe (7), a laser welding head (8) is fixedly connected to the inner sides of the two air outlet holes (10), a protective lens (9) is fixedly connected to the interior of the laser welding head (8), and a movable sealing ring (11) located on the inner side of the protective gas pipeline, the bottom end of the movable closed ring (11) is fixedly connected with a spring (12), the bottom end of the spring (12) is fixedly connected with a piston (13), and the outer side of the piston (13) is movably connected with a cylinder (14).

2. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part of gas shunt tubes (5) is 10 contained angles with the water flat line, and gas shunt tubes (5) are higher than the opposite side of gas shunt tubes (5) near the horizontal position of protective gas pipeline (4) one side, the middle part of one side of gas shunt tubes (5) in protective gas pipeline (4).

3. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of honeycomb duct (6) is "Z" type, and honeycomb duct (6) top and bottom length be the tenth of spotlight chamber (1) length, honeycomb duct (6) top is parallel with the middle part of gas shunt tubes (5).

4. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the movable closed ring (11) is one half of the width of the protective gas pipeline (4).

5. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: one half of the width of one side of the interior of the light-gathering cavity (1) is the same as the length of the bottom end of the gas shunt pipe (5).

6. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the top end of the piston (13) is two thirds of the vertical height of the protective gas pipeline (4).

7. The laser welding apparatus for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the cylinder (14) is the same as the vertical height of the protective gas pipeline (4).

8. The welding method of the laser welding device for industrial manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following operating steps:

s1, after starting up, introducing protective gas from one side of the protective gas pipeline (4);

s2, the protective gas is divided by the gas dividing pipe (5) and respectively introduced into the interior of the light-gathering cavity (1) and one side of the laser welding head (8);

s3, after the temperature rises, the piston (13) pushes the movable sealing ring (11) to extend towards the inner side of the gas shunt pipe (5) to close the channel at the inner side of the gas shunt pipe (5), so that the protective gas is only introduced into the outer side of the gas shunt pipe (5);

and S4, welding by a laser welding head (8).