CN112260394B - Redundant system of automobile power supply loop - Google Patents
Redundant system of automobile power supply loop Download PDFInfo
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- CN112260394B CN112260394B CN202011159764.7A CN202011159764A CN112260394B CN 112260394 B CN112260394 B CN 112260394B CN 202011159764 A CN202011159764 A CN 202011159764A CN 112260394 B CN112260394 B CN 112260394B
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000032953 Device battery issue Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
- B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
- H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
- H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
- H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Stand-By Power Supply Arrangements (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system which comprises a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main battery, and the negative electrode of the generator is grounded with the negative electrode of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative electrode of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-class redundant load and the C-class load, and the positive pole of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-class load through the power supply switching module. The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system for realizing rapid switching between a main power supply loop and a redundancy power supply loop.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to an automobile power supply loop redundancy system.
Background
The application area of the existing power supply redundancy scheme in each field is narrow, and each redundancy system needs to be matched with a custom-made development special hardware device to adapt to the redundancy power supply system, so that the whole system is difficult to apply and the cost is high.
Meanwhile, the power redundancy system is a complex system with multiple subsystems working cooperatively, each component is required to meet specific conditions so as to achieve overall performance indexes, the existing power redundancy schemes in various fields do not replace a setting method of key matching parameters, and the problems of consequences caused by inter-system adaptation and especially the problem of power outage and restarting of parts possibly caused in the process of switching from a short circuit of a main power supply to a power supply are particularly important along with the continuous improvement of safety requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system for realizing rapid switching between a main power supply loop and a redundancy power supply loop.
The invention provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system which comprises a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main battery, and the negative electrode of the generator is grounded with the negative electrode of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative electrode of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-class redundant load and the C-class load, and the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-class load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus and adjusts the internal switching state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of the main power supply or the redundant power supply of the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load. The intelligent sensor of the main battery is electrically connected with the cathode of the main battery, and the intelligent sensor of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the cathode of the redundant battery; the main battery intelligent sensor and the redundant battery intelligent sensor are electrically connected with an external display device
In the technical scheme, when the vehicle normally runs, the generator mainly supplies power for the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load, and the main battery supplies power for the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load in an auxiliary mode.
In the above technical scheme, fuses are arranged on the power output branches of the generator, the main battery and the redundant battery, and on the power input branches of the B-class main load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load.
In the above technical scheme, the power supply switching module includes a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch. When the system fails, the 4 switches are all in a closed state. Or the switch can be self-defined by a user, for example, the switch is disconnected after the engine is shut down, so that the redundant battery is prevented from being excessively discharged. The positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the redundant battery through a first switch and a second switch which are mutually connected in series, and a third switch and a fourth switch are mutually connected in series and are connected with two ends of the first switch and the second switch in parallel; the power input end of the class A load is electrically connected between the third switch and the fourth switch; the two ends of the first switch are connected with a first diode in parallel, the two ends of the second switch are connected with a second diode in parallel, the two ends of the third switch are connected with a third diode in parallel, and the two ends of the fourth switch are connected with a fourth diode in parallel; the cathodes of the first diode and the third diode are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the generator, and the cathodes of the second diode and the fourth diode are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the redundant battery.
In the technical scheme, when a power output loop of the generator or the main battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly lowered, and the control module drives the first switch and the third switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; the fuses on the power output branches of the generator and the main battery are disconnected. The short circuit of the power output circuit of the generator or the main battery leads to the automatic disconnection when the current passing through the power switching module exceeds a standard value, and whether the main circuit or the redundant circuit is short-circuited can be judged by the direction of the short circuit current.
In the technical scheme, when the power output loop of the redundant battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly lowered, and the control module drives the second switch and the fourth switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; the fuses on the power output branches of the redundant cells are opened. The short circuit of the power output loop of the redundant battery causes the current passing through the power switching module to exceed a standard value and be automatically disconnected, and whether the main loop or the redundant loop is short-circuited can be judged according to the direction of the short circuit current.
In the technical scheme, when the power input loop of the class-A load is short-circuited, the control module drives the third switch and the fourth switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; when the power input loop of the B-class main load or the B-class redundant load is short-circuited, a fuse on the power input branch is disconnected; when the C-type load power supply input branch loop is short-circuited, the control module judges that the power supply of the main power supply or the redundant power supply loop fails through signal interaction, and the control module is switched to the other power supply loop with normal power supply to supply power.
In the above technical scheme, when the engine fails or the circuit of the power output branch is open, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the class-A load, the class-B main load, the class-B redundant load and the class-C load, and the control module feeds back abnormal information of the detected power supply voltage of the load to the external display device. The abnormal power supply voltage of the general load can be automatically detected by the internal chip of the load, and if the power supply fails and does not work, the load which has signal interaction with the power supply can also report the fault that the XX signal is not received.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, still include main battery intelligent sensor and redundant battery intelligent sensor, main battery intelligent battery sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of main battery, and redundant battery intelligent battery sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of redundant battery. The intelligent battery sensor can detect the voltage, current, electric quantity and other information of the storage battery, and when the main storage battery is out of order, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch is open, the intelligent main battery sensor can detect the abnormal information according to the current voltage, and the intelligent main battery sensor feeds the abnormal information back to the external display device; when the redundant storage battery fails, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch circuit is open, the redundant main battery intelligent sensor can detect according to the current voltage, and abnormal information is fed back to the external display device through the redundant main battery intelligent sensor. The battery intelligent battery sensor can be connected with the whole vehicle equipment through a bus or a separate signal line.
In the above technical solution, the minimum voltage U1 when the main power circuit or the redundant power circuit is short-circuited to fuse blowing is smaller than the minimum voltage U2 when each single load in the circuit is short-circuited to fuse blowing. The minimum voltage refers to the supply voltage.
The switching time ts and the switching voltage Us of the power supply switching module meet U1 & ltus & ltoreq Um, and ts & ltmin (t 2, t 4);
each load should be able to withstand a transient voltage drop to a minimum voltage Um for a duration t1 without an operating anomaly;
wherein the voltage falling edge time t2 in the transient voltage falling duration t1, the lowest voltage Um duration t3, the voltage rising edge time t4, t1=t2+t3+t4.
In the above technical scheme, the B, C load branch circuit short-circuit fault does not need to be detected, and the calibration current value for switching trigger of the power supply switching module is ensured to be larger than the maximum current value from the occurrence of short-circuit to the fuse blowing of the B, C load branch circuit. When the class A load is short-circuited, the third switch and the fourth switch are cut off simultaneously, and the switch can be a Mosfet product. Therefore, the power supply switching module can only control the switch to ensure that one power supply supplies power to the main loop when the main loop is short-circuited, and the power supply is completely disconnected when the branch loop of the class A load breaks down. Because the class a load has a certain power redundancy requirement, the load of 2 independent power interfaces cannot be provided on hardware. It should not be a core component of the redundant system of the whole vehicle, such as an automatic driving vehicle, and the class-A load can be a display type part such as an instrument, but cannot be a system which is related to safety such as steering, braking and the like of the vehicle. The arrangement reliability of the class A load branch loop can be improved, such as the inside of a cockpit or the addition of external protection, so that the safety level is improved.
The invention provides a power redundancy scheme for the vehicle, and A, B, C loads can be key functional parts or systems defined by users, so that the parts or systems can be rapidly switched to another power supply loop for supplying power under the condition that one power supply loop fails, the functions of the parts or systems are not influenced by the failure of the power supply loop, and the functional safety level is improved. A. B, C type loads can be set as specific systems according to requirements, and the problem that when a user cannot take over a vehicle for the first time under the failure condition of an existing vehicle main power circuit aiming at a specific use scene (such as automatic driving), the power redundancy requirement that the specific systems (such as a gateway, an automatic driving related controller, a laser radar, an electrohydraulic steering module, an electronic brake module and the like) need to work continuously is solved. The invention has wide application area, can meet A, B, C types of loads of three different types, basically can cover the main stream load types on the current vehicle, reduces the cost rise caused by customizing and developing the system load for power redundancy, and solves the problems that the current system is limited by hardware conditions, partial system parts cannot realize power redundancy or brand new custom development is required. The power supply switching module can read signals such as engine rotating speed, vehicle speed and the like from the bus, when the vehicle stops running, the power supply switching module disconnects the main power supply loop from the redundant power supply loop, the redundant battery can not participate in the normal electric load of the main power supply loop (namely, the load which still needs to be supplied with power when the vehicle stops) and the starter starting action, namely, the redundant battery can select a battery with the capacity far smaller than that of the main battery according to actual conditions, and meanwhile, because the redundant battery does not participate in the starting action, the current passing through the power supply switching module is greatly reduced, and the cost can be effectively reduced at the two points. The B-type load can be directly connected in parallel to a power supply network, and two paths of power supplies supply power to the load at the same time during normal operation. The power supply switching module adopts a pair of 'back-to-back' diodes, so that small voltage differentiation between two paths of power supplies can be realized, for example, in a normal working mode, the redundant power supply loop is lower than the main power supply loop by one or more diode voltage drops (for example, 0.7V), so that the main loop power supply current is larger than the redundant loop power supply current, even the main loop power supply current is completely supplied by the main loop, the current passing through the power supply switching module can be reduced, and thus, the cost, the volume and the heat dissipation requirements of the power supply switching module are correspondingly reduced, and the cost and the safety risk are effectively reduced. The invention also provides a setting method of the key parameters, so that the invention has very good practicability, can ensure that the load needing redundancy continuously works when the main power supply main circuit/the redundant power supply main circuit is short-circuited, can avoid the false triggering of a switch caused by the short circuit of a single load in the circuit, and achieves the aims of accurately judging the fault mode and switching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the setting of key parameters according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which are given for clarity of understanding and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an automobile power supply loop redundancy system, which comprises a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main battery, and the negative electrode of the generator is grounded with the negative electrode of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative electrode of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-class redundant load and the C-class load, and the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-class load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus and adjusts the internal switching state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of the main power supply or the redundant power supply of the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load.
Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, still include main battery intelligent sensor and redundant battery intelligent sensor, main battery intelligent battery sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of main battery, and redundant battery intelligent battery sensor is connected with the negative pole electricity of redundant battery. The intelligent battery sensor can detect the voltage, current, electric quantity and other information of the storage battery, and when the main storage battery is out of order, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch is open, the intelligent main battery sensor can detect the abnormal information according to the current voltage, and the intelligent main battery sensor feeds the abnormal information back to the external display device; when the redundant storage battery fails, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch circuit is open, the redundant main battery intelligent sensor can detect according to the current voltage, and abnormal information is fed back to the external display device through the redundant main battery intelligent sensor. The battery intelligent battery sensor can be connected with the whole vehicle equipment through a bus or a separate signal line.
In the above technical scheme, fuses are arranged on the power output branches of the generator, the main battery and the redundant battery, and on the power input branches of the B-class main load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load.
The three types of loads can be set differently according to the requirements of users:
class a load: the load is provided with only one power supply, the interior of the load is not provided with a redundant power supply loop, the load also has no power supply switching function, and the load is the most commonly used load type on the existing vehicle.
Class B load: the system comprises two or more independent hardware, each hardware is provided with a single power supply for supplying power, and the hardware is subjected to function switching through signal interaction judgment. The main load realizes all functions of the system, and the redundant load realizes all or part of specific demand functions, so that the cost can be effectively reduced. Such as EBS systems, the redundant controllers may only need to implement basic brake-by-deceleration related functions.
Class C load: one hardware has two or more power inputs, each of which can meet all or specific key function module power. The hardware realizes the function and the switching of the power supply through signal interaction.
The working logic and fault coping mode of the system are as follows:
(1) The vehicle is normally driven: the generator is responsible for mainly supplying power to the related loads of the main power supply main loop and the related loads of the redundant power supply main loop, the storage battery is used for auxiliary power supply,
(2) Short circuit of power supply branch circuit:
the A-class load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, the power supply of the branch loop is cut off by self-protection in the power supply switching module so as to protect a circuit and a load;
the B-type load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, the fuse is fused to realize line and load protection, the power supply switching module does not act at the moment, the load system judges that the power supply of the main or redundant load fails through signal interaction, and the other load with normal power supply executes work.
The C-type load power supply branch loop is short-circuited, the fuse is fused to realize line and load protection, the power supply switching module does not act at the moment, and the load system judges power failure of the main or redundant loop through signal interaction and switches to another power supply loop with normal power supply to carry out internal power supply.
The load system comprises a load and a controller, wherein the controller can be only used, and the load can be only used, and if the function needs redundancy, the function-related parts need redundancy.
(3) Short circuit of the power supply main circuit:
the main power supply main loop is short-circuited, and the voltage is quickly pulled down. At this time, the power switching module operates, the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are rapidly turned off, and the main/redundant power main loop is isolated. At the moment, all loads on the main circuit of the main power supply fail, the failure mode in the short circuit of the power supply branch circuit is equivalent, and the redundant storage battery supplies power to the redundant main circuit.
The main loop of the redundant power supply is short-circuited, and the voltage is quickly pulled down. At this time, the power switching module operates, the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are rapidly turned off, and the main/redundant power main loop is isolated. At the moment, all loads on the redundant main circuit fail, the failure mode in the short circuit of the power supply branch circuit is equivalent, and the generator supplies power to the main power supply main circuit.
(4) Generator failure or open circuit:
at the moment, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the loop load, the loop voltage is lower than the normal working voltage of the generator, and any load in the loop can detect the abnormal power supply voltage to prompt the driver.
(5) Battery failure, too low an amount of power, or open circuit:
at the moment, the generator supplies power to the loop load, and the IBS can detect faults and prompt the driver by detecting information such as the voltage, the electric quantity and the internal resistance of the storage battery. The intelligent battery sensor IBS is not a key part for realizing the redundant system function, but can further promote the security level of the system, and according to the user demand, the intelligent battery sensor IBS can select whether to need to control the system cost.
(6) Vehicle stopped state:
the power supply switching module can receive the speed or other signals through the bus and judge whether the vehicle is in a driving state or a parking state. At this time, it is defined by the designer whether the main power supply main circuit and the redundant main power supply circuit are connected in the parking state. If the main power supply main loop and the redundant power supply main loop are disconnected by the power supply switching module during parking, the redundant storage battery does not participate in load current consumption power supply on the main power supply main loop, and does not participate in vehicle starting power supply, so that the capacity of the redundant storage battery can be greatly reduced, and the system cost is effectively reduced.
The switching time of the power supply switching module and the transient drop and recovery tolerance characteristics of the power supply voltage which are required to be met by each load are key parameters for realizing the functions of the power supply redundancy system. The invention also provides a setting method of key parameters, when the power supply circuit has short circuit fault, the power supply circuit drop voltage drops, and the following parameters can be obtained through a power supply voltage transient test of an actual application system:
each load in the power supply loop can bear the transient voltage to drop to Um for a time t1 without abnormal operation;
voltage falling edge time t2 in transient voltage falling duration t1, minimum voltage Um duration t3, voltage rising edge time t4, t1=t2+t3+t4;
the main power supply loop or the redundant power supply loop is short-circuited to the lowest voltage U1 when the fuse is fused, each single load in the loop is short-circuited to the lowest voltage U2 when the fuse is fused, and U1 is less than U2 according to the basic principle of the circuit.
According to the invention, the switching time ts and the switching voltage Us of the power supply switching module meet U1 & ltus & lt Um & gt and ts & lt min (t 2, t 4), so that when a short circuit occurs in a main power supply loop or a redundant power supply loop, the power supply switching module can finish switching action before each load is reduced by the voltage of the power supply voltage to cause abnormal operation, and the load on the main power supply loop or the redundant power supply loop can continuously and normally work; the voltage transient drop generated before the single load is short-circuited to burn the fuse in the whole power supply system can be avoided to cause the false triggering action of the switch
The characteristics enable the invention to have very good practicability, not only can ensure that the load needing redundancy continuously works when the main power supply circuit/the redundant power supply circuit is short-circuited, but also can avoid the false triggering of a switch caused by the short circuit of a single load in the circuit, thereby achieving the purposes of accurately judging the fault mode and switching.
The invention can be applied to a vehicle carrying an L3-level automatic driving system. After the vehicle enters the autonomous mode, the driver may not maneuver the vehicle in the seat. At the moment, if the main power supply loop is short-circuited, the engine is shut down, all main systems on the vehicle cannot work normally, the switch switching module immediately cuts off the connection between the redundant power supply loop and the main power supply loop, and the redundant load is powered by the redundant battery, and can be a laser radar, an electrohydraulic steering machine, an electronic braking system and the like, so that automatic side-by-side parking or uniform-speed braking and the like are executed, and the safety of a driver is ensured.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. The automobile power supply loop redundancy system is characterized by comprising a generator, a main battery, a power supply switching module and a redundancy battery, wherein the generator and the main battery are used as main power supplies, and the redundancy battery is used as a redundancy power supply; the positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the main battery, and the negative electrode of the generator is grounded with the negative electrode of the main battery; the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are respectively and electrically connected with the starter, the B-class main load and the C-class load, and the positive poles of the generator and the main battery are electrically connected with the A-class load, the B-class redundant load and the C-class load through the power supply switching module; the negative electrode of the redundant battery is grounded; the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the B-class redundant load and the C-class load, and the positive electrode of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the A-class load through the power supply switching module; the power supply switching module reads vehicle state information from the CAN bus and adjusts the internal switching state of the power supply switching module according to the vehicle state information, and adjusts the power supply state of the main power supply or the redundant power supply of the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load;
when the engine fails or the circuit of a power output branch is opened, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the class A load, the class B main load, the class B redundant load and the class C load together, and the control module feeds back abnormal information of the detected power supply voltage of the loads to an external display device;
the switching time ts of the power supply switching module meets ts < min (t 2, t 4);
each load can bear the transient voltage to drop to the lowest voltage Um for a time t1 without abnormal operation, wherein the voltage falling edge time t2, the lowest voltage Um for a time t3 and the voltage rising edge time t4 in the transient voltage falling time t1 are equal to t1=t2+t3+t4;
the calibrated current value triggered by the switching of the power supply switching module is larger than the maximum current value from the occurrence of short circuit to the fusing of the fuse of the branch loop of the class B load and the class C load; when the main power supply output loop is short-circuited, the power supply switching module ensures that one path of power supply supplies power to the class A load through the control switch, and when the class A load branch loop is failed, the power supply is completely disconnected;
the power supply switching module comprises a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, and the 4 switches are all in a closed state when no fault occurs; the positive electrode of the generator is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the redundant battery through a first switch and a second switch which are mutually connected in series, and a third switch and a fourth switch are mutually connected in series and are connected with two ends of the first switch and the second switch in parallel; the power input end of the class A load is electrically connected between the third switch and the fourth switch; the two ends of the first switch are connected with a first diode in parallel, the two ends of the second switch are connected with a second diode in parallel, the two ends of the third switch are connected with a third diode in parallel, and the two ends of the fourth switch are connected with a fourth diode in parallel; the cathodes of the first diode and the third diode are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the generator, and the cathodes of the second diode and the fourth diode are electrically connected with the positive electrode of the redundant battery; when the system operates normally, the first switch, the second switch, the third switch and the fourth switch are all in a closed state;
when a power output loop of the generator or the main battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly reduced, and the control module drives a first switch and a third switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; the fuses on the power output branches of the generator and the main battery are disconnected; when the power output loop of the redundant battery is short-circuited, the voltage of the power loop is rapidly pulled down, and the control module drives the second switch and the fourth switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; the fuse on the power output branch of the redundant battery is disconnected;
when the power input loop of the class A load is short-circuited, the control module drives the third switch and the fourth switch in the power switching module to be disconnected; when the power input loop of the B-class main load or the B-class redundant load is short-circuited, a fuse on the power input branch is disconnected; when the C-type load power supply input branch loop is short-circuited, the control module judges that the power supply of the main power supply or the redundant power supply loop fails through signal interaction, and switches to the other power supply loop with normal power supply to supply power;
when the generator fails or the circuit is opened, the main battery and the redundant battery supply power to the loop load, the loop voltage is lower than the normal working voltage of the generator, and any load in the loop detects abnormal power supply voltage to prompt the driver;
the intelligent sensor of the main battery is electrically connected with the cathode of the main battery, and the intelligent sensor of the redundant battery is electrically connected with the cathode of the redundant battery; the intelligent battery sensor detects the voltage, current and electric quantity of the storage battery, and when the main storage battery fails, the electric quantity is insufficient or a circuit of a power output branch is opened, the intelligent main battery sensor feeds abnormal information back to an external display device according to the detection of the current voltage; when the redundant storage battery is invalid, the electric quantity is insufficient or the circuit of the power output branch circuit is open, the redundant main battery intelligent sensor detects according to the current voltage, and the redundant main battery intelligent sensor feeds abnormal information back to the external display device; the battery intelligent battery sensor is connected with the whole vehicle equipment through a bus or an independent signal line;
when the vehicle is in a stop state, the power supply switching module receives a vehicle speed or other signals through the bus, judges that the vehicle is in a driving state or a stopping state, and when the vehicle is defined to stop, the power supply switching module cuts off the main power supply main loop and the redundant power supply main loop, and at the moment, the redundant storage battery does not participate in the load current consumption power supply on the main power supply main loop and does not participate in the starting power supply of the vehicle.
2. The redundant system of an automotive power supply loop according to claim 1, wherein the generator is configured to provide primary power to a class a load, a class B primary load, a class B redundant load, and a class C load, and the primary battery is configured to provide secondary power to the class a load, the class B primary load, the class B redundant load, and the class C load during normal operation of the vehicle.
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| CN114204657A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-03-18 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle, control method of vehicle, and storage medium |
| CN114274900A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-05 | 合众新能源汽车有限公司 | Dual-power redundancy backup architecture and control method |
| CN114374261A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-19 | 际络科技(上海)有限公司 | Automatic driving redundant power supply system, equipment and redundant power supply method |
| CN114825462B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-03-24 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Safety power supply control system and method |
| CN114726083A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-07-08 | 威海天力电源科技有限公司 | Automatic driving power distribution and power management system |
| CN115366833B (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2023-04-11 | 北京路凯智行科技有限公司 | Redundant power supply controller of mine unmanned vehicle |
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