CN112258340B - Power plant primary fan vibration state evaluation method based on membership fuzzy function - Google Patents

Power plant primary fan vibration state evaluation method based on membership fuzzy function Download PDF

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CN112258340B
CN112258340B CN202011100224.1A CN202011100224A CN112258340B CN 112258340 B CN112258340 B CN 112258340B CN 202011100224 A CN202011100224 A CN 202011100224A CN 112258340 B CN112258340 B CN 112258340B
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characteristic value
bearing
climbing
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CN112258340A (en
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王林
孙栓柱
孙和泰
李春岩
杨晨琛
李逗
周春蕾
高进
孙彬
王其祥
沈洋
张世豪
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Jiangsu Fangtian Power Technology Co Ltd
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    • G06F17/11—Complex mathematical operations for solving equations, e.g. nonlinear equations, general mathematical optimization problems
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G06F17/15—Correlation function computation including computation of convolution operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract

The invention discloses a membership fuzzy function-based evaluation method for the vibration state of a primary fan of a coal-fired power plant, which comprises the steps of obtaining the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value and a membership function coefficient; calculating to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value according to the membership function coefficient and the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value; judging whether the current rotation speed of the primary air fan is stable; if the bearing vibration climbing amount is stable, calculating the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration sudden change amount, and otherwise, enabling the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration sudden change characteristic value to be zero; respectively calculating a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value according to the corresponding membership function coefficients; and evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan according to the maximum value in the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration mutation characteristic value. The method analyzes the mass data and finally obtains the accurate vibration state of the primary air fan.

Description

Power plant primary fan vibration state evaluation method based on membership fuzzy function
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power systems, and particularly relates to a method for evaluating the vibration state of a primary fan of a coal-fired power plant based on a membership fuzzy function.
Background
The primary air blower of coal-fired power plant mainly pressurizes the air, rely on the wind pressure to blow into the combustion chamber to burn pulverized coal. As one of three fans of a power plant, the load and the efficiency of a unit are influenced by the stable and efficient operation of a primary fan, and once the primary fan fails and stops operating, the unit directly faces the consequence of stopping or greatly reducing the load. The vibration value of the primary fan bearing is an important monitoring index in the running process of the primary fan, and the vibration exceeding of the bearing is a serious hidden danger threatening the safe, stable and reliable running of the fan. Therefore, how to rapidly and accurately acquire the vibration of the bearing in the normal operation process of the equipment and accurately evaluate the vibration state according to the vibration of the bearing becomes a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an evaluation method for the vibration state of a primary air fan of a coal-fired power plant based on a membership fuzzy function, so as to solve the problem that the evaluation of the vibration state of the primary air fan is not accurate enough in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for evaluating the vibration state of a primary fan of a coal-fired power plant comprises the following steps:
acquiring an absolute value of a current shaft vibration value and a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value;
calculating to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value according to a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value and the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value;
judging whether the current rotation speed of the primary air fan is stable;
if the bearing vibration climbing amount is stable, calculating the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration sudden change amount, and otherwise, enabling the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration sudden change characteristic value to be zero;
respectively calculating a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value according to the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount, the vibration mutation amount and the respective corresponding membership function coefficients;
obtaining the maximum value of the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration mutation characteristic value;
and evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan according to the obtained maximum value.
Further, the method for judging whether the current rotation speed of the primary air fan is stable includes:
acquiring the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotating speed of the primary fan in a sampling time period before the current rotating speed;
and judging whether the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotating speed is greater than or equal to 60, if so, the rotating speed at the current moment is unstable, and if not, the rotating speed is stable.
Further, the calculation method of the vibration climbing amount comprises the following steps:
acquiring shaft vibration value sampling data before the current shaft vibration value of the primary air fan according to the sampling time period;
calculating to obtain a vibration climbing slope according to sampling time and shaft vibration value sampling data in a sampling time period;
and calculating the vibration climbing amount according to the vibration climbing slope.
Further, the calculation formula of the vibration climbing slope is as follows:
Figure BDA0002723069090000021
Figure BDA0002723069090000031
wherein, muXThe average value of the duration of the vibration sampling data of the fan bearing is XiAnd the value is the ith sampling moment value, Yi is the sampling data of the ith axial vibration value in the sampling time period, and n is the sampling number of the axial vibration value in the sampling period.
Further, the calculation formula of the vibration climbing amount is as follows:
ΔVclimb＝kV·Ttime
wherein, is Δ VclimbFor vibrating climbing amount, TtimeTo sampleThe length of the time period.
Further, selecting a sampling time period and a sampling number for sampling the shaft vibration value before the current shaft vibration value;
and calculating to obtain the vibration fluctuation amount according to the sampling time and the sampling number in the sampling time period.
Further, the calculation formula of the vibration fluctuation amount is as follows:
Figure BDA0002723069090000032
Figure BDA0002723069090000033
wherein, muXThe average value of the duration of the vibration sampling data of the fan bearing is XiAt the ith sampling moment, n is the sampling number of the shaft vibration value in the sampling period.
Further, the calculation method of the vibration mutation quantity is as follows:
acquiring shaft vibration value sampling data before the current shaft vibration value of the primary air fan according to the sampling time period;
equally dividing the shaft vibration value sampling data in the sampling time period into a plurality of sub-windows;
respectively calculating the vibration variation amplitude in each sub-window;
and acquiring the maximum value of all vibration change amplitudes, namely the vibration break amount.
Further, the calculation formula of the vibration variation amplitude is as follows:
ΔVi＝max(Xi)-min(Xi)
wherein, max (X)i) Min (X) is the maximum axial vibration value in the windowi) Is the minimum shaft vibration value, Δ V, in the windowiIs the amplitude of the vibration variation.
Further, the calculation formulas of the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration sudden change characteristic value are as follows:
Figure BDA0002723069090000041
y is a vibration absolute value characteristic value, a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value or a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value; x is the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount or the vibration sudden change amount; c, k are respectively a first membership function coefficient and a second membership function coefficient; the shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration mutation amount correspond to different first membership function coefficients and second membership function coefficients respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the method, the membership fuzzy function and the current shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration mutation amount are applied to respectively calculate the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration mutation characteristic value, and the possibility of misjudgment is reduced to the greatest extent through multi-dimensional comprehensive judgment of the vibration time value, the interval value, the change rate and the like, so that the accurate evaluation of the vibration state of the primary fan is realized; and analyzing the mass real-time/historical data of the rotating speed and the shaft vibration of the primary air fan, thereby finally obtaining the accurate vibration state of the primary air fan.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art may better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below. The embodiments are merely exemplary for applying the technical solutions of the present invention, and any technical solution formed by replacing or converting the equivalent thereof falls within the scope of the present invention claimed.
A method for evaluating the vibration state of a primary fan of a coal-fired power plant based on a membership fuzzy function comprises the following steps:
acquiring an absolute value of a current shaft vibration value and a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value;
calculating to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value according to a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value and the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value;
judging whether the current rotation speed of the primary air fan is stable;
if the bearing vibration climbing amount is stable, calculating the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration sudden change amount, and otherwise, enabling the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration sudden change characteristic value to be zero;
respectively calculating a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value according to the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount, the vibration mutation amount and the respective corresponding membership function coefficients;
obtaining the maximum value of the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration mutation characteristic value;
and evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan according to the obtained maximum value.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: calculating a vibration absolute value characteristic value B1;
(1) acquiring a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value and an absolute value of the current shaft vibration value;
the absolute value calculation formula of the current shaft vibration value is as follows:
VABS＝ABS(V)，
wherein, VABSThe absolute value of the current shaft vibration value is V, and the current shaft vibration value is V;
(2) calculating to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value B1 according to the membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value and the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value;
the calculation formula of the vibration absolute value characteristic value B1 is a fuzzy membership function as follows, V isABSAnd substituting variable x in the fuzzy membership function to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value B1:
Figure BDA0002723069090000061
wherein, c and k are respectively a first membership function coefficient and a second membership function coefficient; the shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount or the vibration mutation amount correspond to different first membership function coefficients and second membership function coefficients respectively. The coefficients of the membership functions take the values shown in table 1:
coefficient selection value-vibration absolute value eigenvalue B1 in membership function of Table 1
Figure BDA0002723069090000062
Step 2: calculating bearing vibration climbing characteristic value B2；
(1) Acquiring the current moment rotating speed r of the primary air fan,
(2) Taking the current-time rotating speed r of the primary air fan as a reference, and obtaining the maximum value r of the rotating speed real-time data in a fixed time period (for example, 1 hour)maxMinimum value rmin。
(3) If r ismax-rminThe rotating speed at the current moment is not stable and is more than 60, so that B20; otherwise, the rotating speed at the current moment is stable, and the next step is carried out.
(4) Obtaining shaft vibration value sampling data before a current shaft vibration value V of the primary fan according to a sampling time period (for example, the sampling time period is selected to be 1 hour, and the sampling interval is 10 seconds);
(5) the sampling time of the shaft oscillation value in the sampling time period is obtained according to the sampling interval,
X＝{Δt,2Δt,...,n·Δt}，
where n is the number of samples of the shaft oscillation value in the sampling period, and 1-hour real-time data with a sampling interval of 10 seconds is taken as an example, Δ t is 10, and X is {10, 20.
(6) According to the shaft vibration value sampling data Y and the sampling time in the sampling time period, calculating according to the following formula to obtain a vibration climbing slope kV：
Figure BDA0002723069090000071
Figure BDA0002723069090000072
Wherein, muXThe average value of the duration of the vibration sampling data of the fan bearing is XiThe ith sampling moment is, and Yi is the sampling data of the ith axial vibration value in the sampling time period;
(6) climb slope k according to vibrationVCalculating the vibration climbing quantity delta VclimbThe calculation formula is as follows:
ΔVclimb＝kV·Ttime
wherein, TtimeIs the length of the sampling period.
This example is given in 1 hour (in seconds, T)time3600) for example calculations;
(7) will vibrate climbing amount delta VclimbSubstituting variable x in formula (1) to calculate and obtain vibration climbing characteristic value B2The coefficients c and k in the formula are the characteristic values B in Table 22Coefficient of membership function.
TABLE 2 membership function default selection value-bearing vibration climb eigenvalue
Figure BDA0002723069090000073
Figure BDA0002723069090000081
And step 3: calculating the vibration fluctuation characteristic value B of the primary fan bearing3
(1) And (4) judging the stable rotating speed in the same way as the steps (1) to (3) of the step 2.
(2) The sampling time of the shaft oscillation value in the sampling time period is obtained according to the sampling interval,
X＝{Δt,2Δt,...,n·Δt}，
where n is the number of samples of the shaft oscillation value in the sampling period, and 1-hour real-time data with a sampling interval of 10 seconds is taken as an example, Δ t is 10, and X is {10, 20.
(3) Root of herbaceous plantCalculating the vibration fluctuation quantity sigma according to the sampling time and the sampling number of the shaft vibration value according to the following formulaV：
Figure BDA0002723069090000082
Figure BDA0002723069090000083
(3) Will sigmaVSubstituting variable x in formula (1) to calculate vibration fluctuation characteristic value B3The coefficients c and k in the formula are the characteristic values B in Table 33And n is the sampling number of the shaft oscillation value in the sampling period.
TABLE 3 Default selection value of coefficient in membership function-characteristic value of vibration fluctuation of bearing
Figure BDA0002723069090000084
And 4, step 4: calculating the characteristic value B4 of the sudden change of the vibration of the primary fan bearing
(1) And (4) judging the stable rotating speed in the same way as the steps (1) to (3) of the step 2.
(2) Equally dividing the shaft vibration value sampling data in the sampling time period into n sub-windows n (n is 60), Xi＝{Xi1,Xi2,...,Xi6The first point of the latter window corresponds to the last point of the former window, and the vibration variation amplitude DeltaV is calculated in each time window according to the following formulai，max(Xi)、min(Xi) The maximum value and the minimum value of the vibration data in the sub-window are respectively as follows:
ΔVi＝max(Xi)-min(Xi)
vibration fluctuation amount delta V in sampling time period (1 hour)changeTaking the maximum value of the variation amplitude of all the sub-windows, namely:
ΔVchange＝max(ΔV1,ΔV2,...,ΔVn)
(3)will be Δ VchangeSubstituting variable x in formula (1) to calculate vibration mutation characteristic value B4The coefficients c and k in the formula are the characteristic values B in Table 44Coefficient of membership function.
TABLE 4 membership function default selection value-bearing vibration mutation characteristic value
Figure BDA0002723069090000091
And 5: calculating the characteristic value B of the shaft vibration state5
If the shaft vibration measuring point exists on the equipment bearing, calculating the state characteristic value B of the shaft vibration measuring point according to the following formula5Otherwise, set B50 (representing an unknown state).
B5＝max(B1,B2,B3,B4)
Evaluation value B of vibration state of device5The negative value represents that the vibration state of the equipment is normal, and the positive value represents that the vibration state of the equipment is abnormal. B is5The larger the value, the larger the degree of abnormality of the apparatus state.
The vibration of bearings is evaluated in a period of time by two primary fans of a certain thermal power generator, and the specific results are as follows:
Figure BDA0002723069090000092
Figure BDA0002723069090000101
the method analyzes the mass real-time/historical data of the rotating speed and the shaft vibration of the primary air fan by applying the membership fuzzy function, thereby finally obtaining the vibration state of the primary air fan.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for evaluating the vibration state of a primary fan of a coal-fired power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring an absolute value of a current shaft vibration value and a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value;
calculating to obtain a vibration absolute value characteristic value according to a membership function coefficient corresponding to the current shaft vibration value and the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value;
judging whether the current rotation speed of the primary air fan is stable;
if the bearing vibration climbing amount is stable, calculating the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration sudden change amount, and otherwise, enabling the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration sudden change characteristic value to be zero;
respectively calculating a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value according to the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount, the vibration mutation amount and the respective corresponding membership function coefficients;
obtaining the maximum value of the vibration absolute value characteristic value, the bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, the bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value and the bearing vibration mutation characteristic value;
and evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan according to the obtained maximum value.
2. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the method for judging whether the current rotating speed of the primary fan is stable comprises the following steps:
acquiring the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotating speed of the primary fan in a sampling time period before the current rotating speed;
and judging whether the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the rotating speed is greater than or equal to 60, if so, the rotating speed at the current moment is unstable, and if not, the rotating speed is stable.
3. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary air fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the vibration climbing amount is calculated by:
acquiring shaft vibration value sampling data before the current shaft vibration value of the primary air fan according to the sampling time period;
calculating to obtain a vibration climbing slope according to sampling time and shaft vibration value sampling data in a sampling time period;
and calculating the vibration climbing amount according to the vibration climbing slope.
4. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the vibration climbing slope is as follows:
Figure FDA0002723069080000021
Figure FDA0002723069080000022
wherein, muXThe average value of the duration of the vibration sampling data of the fan bearing is XiAnd the value is the ith sampling moment value, Yi is the sampling data of the ith axial vibration value in the sampling time period, and n is the sampling number of the axial vibration value in the sampling period.
5. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary air fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the vibration climbing amount is as follows:
ΔVclimb＝kV·Ttime，
wherein, is Δ VclimbFor vibrating climbing amount, TtimeIs the length of the sampling period.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises the step of evaluating the vibration state of the primary air blower of the coal-fired power plant,
selecting a sampling time period and a sampling number for sampling the shaft vibration value before the current shaft vibration value;
and calculating to obtain the vibration fluctuation amount according to the sampling time and the sampling number in the sampling time period.
7. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary air fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 6, wherein the calculation formula of the vibration fluctuation amount is as follows:
Figure FDA0002723069080000031
Figure FDA0002723069080000032
wherein, muXThe average value of the duration of the vibration sampling data of the fan bearing is XiAt the ith sampling moment, n is the sampling number of the shaft vibration value in the sampling period.
8. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the vibration mutation quantity is calculated by:
acquiring shaft vibration value sampling data before the current shaft vibration value of the primary air fan according to the sampling time period;
equally dividing the shaft vibration value sampling data in the sampling time period into a plurality of sub-windows;
respectively calculating the vibration variation amplitude in each sub-window;
and acquiring the maximum value of all vibration change amplitudes, namely the vibration break amount.
9. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 8, wherein the calculation formula of the vibration variation amplitude is as follows:
ΔVi＝max(Xi)-min(Xi)，
wherein, max (X)i) Is inside the windowMaximum axial vibration value, min (X)i) Is the minimum shaft vibration value, Δ V, in the windowiIs the amplitude of the vibration variation.
10. The method for evaluating the vibration state of the primary fan of the coal-fired power plant according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formulas of the absolute value characteristic value of vibration, the characteristic value of bearing vibration climb, the characteristic value of bearing vibration fluctuation and the characteristic value of bearing vibration sudden change are as follows:
Figure FDA0002723069080000033
y is a vibration absolute value characteristic value, a bearing vibration climbing characteristic value, a bearing vibration fluctuation characteristic value or a bearing vibration mutation characteristic value; x is the absolute value of the current shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount or the vibration sudden change amount; c, k are respectively a first membership function coefficient and a second membership function coefficient; the shaft vibration value, the vibration climbing amount, the vibration fluctuation amount and the vibration mutation amount correspond to different first membership function coefficients and second membership function coefficients respectively.
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