CN112257989B - Electric vehicle load demand response implementation method considering under response and over response - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides an implementation method for electric vehicle load demand response considering under-response and over-response. An implementation method for electric vehicle load demand response considering under-response and over-response comprises the following steps: s1, analyzing and calculating the demand of a power grid to a response user; s2, analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric automobile user; s3, based on the analysis of the step S1 and the step S2, establishing a demand response model considering under response and over response; s4, adjusting the reference compensation electricity prices of different time periods according to the demand response model obtained in the step S3, and avoiding under-response and over-response so as to achieve better demand response. According to the electric vehicle load response implementation method, the response requirements of the power grid to the user and the response capability of the user are analyzed, and the electric vehicle load response implementation method can be provided for the demand response on the basis of considering the under-response and the over-response.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system demand response, in particular to an electric vehicle load demand response implementation method considering under response and over response.
Background
The demand response is divided into an electricity price type and an incentive type, in which the charging behavior of the subscriber has a certain uncertainty, the grid company starts the demand response, not all subscribers' planned charging times are in the response period, and only part of subscribers have the qualification of participating in the demand response. Because the response demand of the power grid and the number of users eligible to participate in the demand response have certain uncertainties, problems of under-response and over-response may occur when the actual response user number does not match the power grid demand. When the number of users qualified to participate in the demand response in the response period is larger than the demand of the power grid, the aggregator does not require all subscribers to participate in the demand response, and whether the subscribers participate in the response has a certain selectivity and is closely related to the compensation electricity price. In general, the higher the reference compensation electricity price, the higher the enthusiasm of the user to participate in the demand response. Therefore, establishing the relationship between the user response degree and the reference compensation electricity price has very important significance for solving the problems of under-response and over-response, but no specific method for solving the problems of under-response and over-response by utilizing the relationship between the user response degree and the reference compensation electricity price exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an implementation method for responding to the load demand of an electric vehicle by considering under-response and over-response, which aims to overcome the defect that no specific method for solving the problems of the under-response and the over-response by utilizing the relation between the response degree of a user and the reference compensation electricity price exists at present. According to the electric vehicle load response implementation method, the response requirements of the power grid to the user and the response capability of the user are analyzed, and the electric vehicle load response implementation method can be provided for the demand response on the basis of considering the under-response and the over-response.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an implementation method for electric vehicle load demand response considering under-response and over-response comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing and calculating the demand of a power grid to a response user;
s2, analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric automobile user;
s3, based on the analysis of the step S1 and the step S2, establishing a demand response model considering under response and over response;
s4, adjusting the reference compensation electricity prices of different time periods according to the demand response model obtained in the step S3, and avoiding under-response and over-response so as to achieve better demand response.
Further, in the step S1, how many users need to participate in the response to reach the requirement is related to the load size of the response period and the response potential of a single user, so when the demand of the power grid to the response user is analyzed and calculated, the following formula is adopted:
wherein N is x (j) Responding to the user demand for the jth peak period; w (W) c0 The single average charge amount of a single user can be obtained by statistics of historical data; k (k) x For the response margin coefficient, 1.1 may be taken; p (P) f_j Grid load for j period before demand response; p (P) ac For peak load threshold of demand response, Δt is the time interval duration.
Further, because the charging behavior of the subscriber has a certain uncertainty, when the grid company starts the demand response, not all the planned charging periods of the subscribers are within the response period, so that only part of the subscribers have the qualification of participating in the demand response, which is called a qualified subscriber. In the step S2, the following method is specifically adopted for analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric automobile user:
defining the participatable response ratio ρ zg To quantify the response capability ρ zg The expression of (2) is as follows:
ρ zg ＝N zg (j)/N q (2)
wherein N is zg (j) To respond to the qualification user number of period j, N q For the total number of subscribers, whether the subscriber has qualification to participate in the demand response can be judged according to the charging plan of the subscribers, and N can be determined zg (j)。
Further, in the step S3, the step of establishing a demand response model considering the under-response and the over-response specifically includes the following steps:
s31, defining a user response proportion, and examining the matching degree of the response user number and the power grid demand;
s32, defining under-response and over-response according to the user response proportion, defining the user response rate to examine the user response degree, and establishing the relation between the under-response, the over-response and the reference compensation electricity price under other conditions on the basis of the user response rate.
Further, in the step S31, a user response ratio k is defined s (j) For actually responding to the number of users N s (j) And the grid demand N in the period x (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
further, in the step S32, the specific method for defining the under-response and the over-response according to the user response ratio is as follows:
the user response ratio should satisfy the following constraints:
k s1 ≤k s (j)≤k s2 (4)
wherein k is s1 、k s2 For the actual response margin, 0.9 and 1.1 may be taken, respectively, and user response ratios outside this range are defined as under-and over-responses, respectively.
Further, in the step S32, the user response rate is defined as the actual response user number N s (j) User number N qualifying to participate in demand response during the period zg (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
κ x (j)＝N s (j)/N zg (j) (5)
when N is zg (j)≥k s1 N x (j) In this case, the user response rate κ can be obtained by the expression (4) x (j) The constraint is to be satisfied:
further, in the step S32, when the relationship between the under-response, the over-response, and the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price is established, when N zg (j)<k s1 N x (j) When the number of qualified users does not meet the response requirement, an under-response will occur, and all qualified users are required to participate in the response, namely kappa x (j) Is the maximum response rate kappa xm At this time, the reference compensation electricity price is the highest reference compensation electricity price c qm 。
Further, in the step S32, when the relationship between the under-response, the over-response, and the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price is established, the method comprisesThe contract user is required to complete the number of the participation demand response times, so that each demand response time has a certain proportion of qualification users to participate in the response without considering the compensation electricity price factor, and the lowest reference compensation electricity price c can be set q0 The corresponding minimum response rate is kappa x0 When kappa is x0 N zg (j)>k s2 N x (j) An over-response will occur and the reference compensation electricity price is set to a minimum value in order to mitigate the over-response degree.
Further, in the step S32, when the relationship between the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price is established in the case of under-response, over-response, and other cases, if the user participates in the response with a certain selectivity and is closely related to the compensation electricity price on the premise of satisfying the constraint of the formula (4) except for the two cases as set forth in the claims 8 and 9, the relationship between the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price is established by using the piecewise function, namely:
△c q (j)＝[c q (j)-c q0 ]/(c qm -c q0 ) (8)
p q ＝κ xm -κ x0 (9)
wherein Deltac q (j) Compensating the relative difference of electricity price and minimum value, p for the response time period reference q Is the slope of the linear region.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the electric vehicle load response implementation method, the response requirements of the power grid to the user and the response capability of the user are analyzed, and the electric vehicle load response implementation method can be provided for the demand response on the basis of considering the under-response and the over-response. Specifically, the reference compensation electricity price can be adjusted according to the response demand and the qualification user number of different periods, so that under-response and over-response are avoided, and better demand response is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of a conventional load profile of a business district in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of load response under scenario 1 in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of load response under scenario 2 in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a graph of load response under scenario 3 in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph of load response at a base compensated electricity price of Table 5 in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the actual product dimensions; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted. The positional relationship depicted in the drawings is for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the present patent.
An implementation method for electric vehicle load demand response considering under-response and over-response comprises the following steps:
s1, analyzing and calculating the demand of a power grid to a response user. The requirement can be met by how many users participate in the response, and the requirement is related to the load size of the response time period and the response potential of a single user, so that when the demand of the power grid to the response user is analyzed and calculated, the following formula is adopted:
wherein N is x (j) Responding to the user demand for the jth peak period; w (W) c0 The single average charge amount of a single user can be obtained by statistics of historical data; k (k) x For the response margin coefficient, 1.1 may be taken; p (P) f_j Grid load for j period before demand response; p (P) ac For peak load threshold of demand response, Δt is the time interval duration.
S2, analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric automobile user. Because the charging behavior of the subscriber has a certain uncertainty, not all subscribers' planned charging periods are within the response period when the grid company initiates the demand response, so only a portion of the subscribers qualify to participate in the demand response, referred to as qualified subscribers. The response capability of the electric automobile user is analyzed and calculated by the following method:
defining the participatable response ratio ρ zg To quantify the response capability ρ zg The expression of (2) is as follows:
ρ zg ＝N zg (j)/N q (2)
wherein N is zg (j) To respond to the qualification user number of period j, N q For the total number of subscribers, whether the subscriber has qualification to participate in the demand response can be judged according to the charging plan of the subscribers, and N can be determined zg (j)。
S3, based on the analysis of the step S1 and the step S2, establishing a demand response model considering under response and over response; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, defining a user response proportion, and examining the matching degree of the response user number and the power grid demand. Definition of user response proportion k s (j) For actually responding to the number of users N s (j) And the grid demand N in the period x (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
s32, defining under-response and over-response according to the user response proportion, defining the user response rate to examine the user response degree, and establishing the relation between the under-response, the over-response and the reference compensation electricity price under other conditions on the basis of the user response rate.
The user response ratio should satisfy the following constraints:
k s1 ≤k s (j)≤k s2 (4)
wherein k is s1 、k s2 For the actual response margin, 0.9 and 1.1 can be respectively taken, and the user response proportion is beyond the range and respectively definedIs under-responsive and over-responsive.
Defining the user response rate as the actual response user number N s (j) User number N qualifying to participate in demand response during the period zg (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
κ x (j)＝N s (j)/N zg (j) (5)
when N is zg (j)≥k s1 N x (j) In this case, the user response rate κ can be obtained by the expression (4) x (j) The constraint is to be satisfied:
since the qualification user number and the grid response demand have certain uncertainty when the demand response is implemented, the number relationship between the qualification user number and the grid response demand can be as follows:
(1) When N is zg (j)<k s1 N x (j) When the number of qualified users does not meet the response requirement, an under-response will occur, and all qualified users are required to participate in the response, namely kappa x (j) Is the maximum response rate kappa xm At this time, the reference compensation electricity price is the highest reference compensation electricity price c qm 。
(2) Because the contractor is required to complete the number of times of participation in the demand response in the contract, each time the demand response has a certain proportion of qualification users, the contractual pressure participation response is forced without considering the compensation electricity price factor, thus the lowest reference compensation electricity price c can be set q0 The corresponding minimum response rate is kappa x0 When kappa is x0 N zg (j)>k s2 N x (j) An over-response will occur and the reference compensation electricity price is set to a minimum value in order to mitigate the over-response degree.
(3) In addition to the above two cases, on the premise of satisfying the constraint of the formula (4), whether the user participates in the response has a certain selectivity and is closely related to the compensation electricity price, and at this time, a piecewise function is adopted to establish the relationship between the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price, namely:
△c q (j)＝[c q (j)-c q0 ]/(c qm -c q0 ) (8)
p q ＝κ xm -κ x0 (9)
wherein Deltac q (j) Compensating the relative difference of electricity price and minimum value, p for the response time period reference q Is the slope of the linear region.
S4, adjusting the reference compensation electricity prices of different time periods according to the demand response model obtained in the step S3, and avoiding under-response and over-response so as to achieve better demand response.
This embodiment uses the commercial district normal load as the base load as shown in fig. 1. The EV parameters are shown in table 1. The commercial zone EV user charging time profile is shown in table 2. The subscriber charging time obeys the distribution N (10,0.882). The user subscription is shown in table 3.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
And judging the response time period to be the 10 th and 11 th time periods according to the total load of the distribution network. When charging in a slow charging mode (20 kW), under the conditions of reference compensation electricity prices of 20, 25 and 30 (yuan/kW) (respectively recorded as scenes 1 to 3), user response conditions in 10 th and 11 th periods are shown in table 4, and load response conditions in scenes 1 to 3 are shown in fig. 2 to 4, respectively.
TABLE 4 Table 4
As can be seen from table 1, the higher the reference compensation electricity price is, the higher the user response rate is. In fig. 1 to 3, when the reference compensation electricity prices are 20, 25, and 30 (yuan/kW) respectively, the charge load response conditions are under-response (particularly 10 th period), slightly under-response, and over-response (particularly 11 th period), respectively, as is clear from the peak load control target and the total load after response. Meanwhile, because the load pressure is different in the 10 th period and the 11 th period, the response demand and the qualification user number are also different, and the reference compensation electricity price is fixed and is difficult to adapt to the difference of the demands of different periods. Therefore, the reference compensation electricity price can be adjusted according to the response demand and the qualification user quantity in different time periods, and the occurrence of under-response and over-response is avoided, so that better demand response is realized. When the reference compensation electricity prices of the response periods are set as shown in table 5, good demand response can be achieved, and under-response and over-response can be well avoided at this time, and the load response is as shown in fig. 5.
TABLE 0
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. An implementation method for electric vehicle load demand response considering under-response and over-response is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, analyzing and calculating the demand of a power grid to a response user;
s2, analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric automobile user;
s3, based on the analysis of the step S1 and the step S2, establishing a demand response model considering under response and over response; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s31, defining a user response proportion, and examining the matching degree of the response user number and the power grid demand; definition of user response proportion k s (j) For actually responding to the number of users N s (j) Responsive user demand N with jth peak period x (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
s32, defining under-response and over-response according to the user response proportion, defining the user response rate to examine the user response degree, and establishing the relation between the under-response and over-response and the reference compensation electricity price under other conditions on the basis of the user response rate;
the user response ratio should satisfy the following constraints:
k s1 ≤k s (j)≤k s2 (2)
wherein k is s1 、k s2 For the actual response margin, 0.9 and 1.1 can be respectively taken, the user response proportion is smaller than 0.9 and defined as under-response, and the user response proportion is larger than 1.1 and defined as over-response;
defining the user response rate as the actual response user number N s (j) Number of qualifying users N with response period j zg (j) Ratio of (2), namely:
κ x (j)＝N s (j)/N zg (j) (3)
when N is zg (j)≥k s1 N x (j) In this case, the user response rate κ can be obtained by the expression (4) x (j) The constraint is to be satisfied:
since the qualification user number and the grid response demand have certain uncertainty when the demand response is implemented, the number relationship between the qualification user number and the grid response demand can be as follows:
(1) When N is zg (j)<k s1 N x (j) When the number of qualified users does not meet the response requirement, an under-response will occur, and all qualified users are required to participate in the response, namely kappa x (j) Is the maximum response rate kappa xm At this time, the reference compensation electricity price is the highest reference compensation electricity price c qm ；
(2) Because the contractor is required to complete the number of times of participation in the demand response in the contract, each time the demand response has a certain proportion of qualification users, the contractual pressure participation response is forced without considering the compensation electricity price factor, thus the lowest reference compensation electricity price c can be set q0 The corresponding minimum response rate is kappa x0 When kappa is x0 N zg (j)>k s2 N x (j) An overresponse will occur, and the reference compensation electricity price is set to a minimum value in order to alleviate the overresponse degree;
(3) In addition to the above two cases, on the premise of satisfying the constraint of the formula (4), whether the user participates in the response has a certain selectivity and is closely related to the compensation electricity price, and at this time, a piecewise function is adopted to establish the relationship between the user response rate and the reference compensation electricity price, namely:
Δc q (j)＝[c q (j)-c q0 ]/(c qm -c q0 ) (6)
p q ＝κ xm -κ x0 (7)
wherein Δc q (j) Compensating the relative difference of electricity price and minimum value, p for the response time period reference q Skew in the linear regionA rate;
s4, adjusting the reference compensation electricity prices of different time periods according to the demand response model obtained in the step S3, and avoiding under-response and over-response so as to achieve better demand response.
2. The method for implementing the load demand response of the electric vehicle considering the under-response and the over-response according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, when the demand of the power grid to the responding user is analyzed and calculated, the following formula is adopted:
wherein N is x (j) Responding to the user demand for the jth peak period; w (W) c0 The single average charge amount of a single user can be obtained by statistics of historical data; k (k) x For the response margin coefficient, 1.1 may be taken; p (P) f_j Grid load for j period before demand response; p (P) ac For peak load threshold of demand response, Δt is the time interval duration.
3. The implementation method for responding to the load demand of the electric vehicle taking the under-response and the over-response into consideration according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the following method is specifically adopted for analyzing and calculating the response capability of the electric vehicle user:
defining the participatable response ratio ρ zg To quantify the response capability ρ zg The expression of (2) is as follows:
ρ zg ＝N zg (j)/N q (2)
wherein N is zg (j) To respond to the qualification user number of period j, N q For the total number of subscribers, whether the subscriber has qualification to participate in the demand response can be judged according to the charging plan of the subscribers, and N can be determined zg (j)。
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