CN112257252A - Method for simulating and analyzing influence of machine tool space error on workpiece machining precision - Google Patents

Method for simulating and analyzing influence of machine tool space error on workpiece machining precision Download PDF

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CN112257252A
CN112257252A CN202011117735.4A CN202011117735A CN112257252A CN 112257252 A CN112257252 A CN 112257252A CN 202011117735 A CN202011117735 A CN 202011117735A CN 112257252 A CN112257252 A CN 112257252A
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workpiece
machine tool
machining
error
deviation
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CN112257252B (en
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解航
于亮
张保全
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Beijing Jingdiao Group Co Ltd
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Beijing Jingdiao Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a method for simulating and analyzing influences of machine tool space errors on workpiece machining precision. The method comprises the steps of constructing a virtual machining environment, inputting an error curve of each motion axis of a machine tool in the virtual machining environment, calculating theoretical coordinates of a tool point in real time in the simulation machining process, calculating correction coordinates of the tool point according to comprehensive errors of each motion axis of the machine tool, statistically analyzing deviation extreme values of each correction coordinate and the theoretical coordinates, and prejudging the precision of a machine tool workpiece according to the deviation extreme values. According to the invention, whether the machine tool space error can meet the workpiece machining precision requirement can be judged through simulation analysis, trial cutting machining is not needed, the production period of products is effectively shortened, the scrapping of workpieces is reduced, resources are saved, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Method for simulating and analyzing influence of machine tool space error on workpiece machining precision
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining, and particularly relates to a method for simulating and analyzing influences of machine tool space errors on workpiece machining precision.
Background
During the manufacturing and assembling process of the machine tool, due to the existence of manufacturing errors and assembling errors of parts, all movement axes of the machine tool have some spatial errors, such as the linearity of X, Y, Z axes, the verticality of XY, YZ and XZ, and the like. The errors are mutually superposed, so that the actual position and the theoretical position of the cutter in the movement process have deviation, the machining precision of the workpiece is finally reduced, and the workpiece can be scrapped if the spatial error is larger. Therefore, whether the machine tool can meet the requirement of the machining precision of the workpiece needs to be judged in advance before the workpiece is machined, but due to the nonlinearity of the machine tool space error and the complexity of the machine tool motion, especially the multi-axis machining, the influence of the machine tool space error on the machining precision of the final workpiece cannot be accurately judged only through theoretical analysis or empirical analysis. The existing solution is to trial cut the product, then detect whether the precision of the product meets the requirements, if not, adjust the precision of the machine tool, then trial cut again until the precision requirements are met, on one hand, the precision of the machine tool is difficult to adjust, and the requirements on technicians are high; on the other hand, for some workpieces with higher precision requirements, the precision requirements can be met only by trial cutting and processing for many times, so that the production period of the product is prolonged, the waste of resources is caused, and the production cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for simulating and analyzing the influence of machine tool space errors on the machining precision of a workpiece, which can calculate the deviation of a tool nose point in real time according to the machine tool space errors, quantitatively analyze the position deviation of a tool in the machining process and judge whether the machine tool space errors can meet the requirements of the machining precision of the workpiece in advance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for simulating and analyzing the influence of machine tool space errors on the machining precision of a workpiece comprises the following steps of inputting error curves of all movement axes of a machine tool in a virtual machining environment, analyzing tool position deviation according to the machine tool space errors in the simulation machining process, and prejudging the precision of a machine tool workpiece according to deviation poles:
A. mapping a virtual machine tool model in software, constructing a virtual machining environment, and determining a workpiece clamping position P;
B. inputting error curves of all motion axes, including straightness and verticality;
C. the virtual numerical control system analyzes an NC program, drives a machine tool model to move, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, calculates error values of all current motion axes including straightness error, verticality error and the like according to input error curves of all the motion axes, comprehensively considers all the errors, calculates the comprehensive errors of the motion axes, superposes the comprehensive errors of all the motion axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
D. counting a deviation extreme value E of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process;
E. judging whether the deviation extreme value E exceeds the workpiece precision, if so, judging that the machining precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met; if not, the requirement of the workpiece machining precision can be met.
Further, in the method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision, for the case that the machine tool spatial error in the step E cannot meet the workpiece machining precision requirement, a method for adjusting the workpiece clamping position may be adopted for optimization, and the specific method is as follows:
F1. adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to position PiWherein i =1, 2, 3, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
F2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
F3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PiDeviation extreme value E in clampingi；
F4. Determining deviation extreme value EiIf the workpiece precision is exceeded, executing a step F5; if not, determining that the workpiece clamping position is at the position PiThe requirement of the processing precision of the workpiece can be met;
F5. judging whether i is equal to N, if so, judging that the machining precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met under the spatial error; if not, the process returns to step F1 to adjust the workpiece to the next position.
Further, in the method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision, for the case that the machine tool spatial error in the step E can meet the workpiece machining precision requirement, the actual machining can be performed according to the workpiece position setting in the virtual machining environment, the workpiece clamping position can also be changed in the virtual machining environment, and the optimal clamping position of the workpiece is selected for actual machining by comparing the deviation extreme values of the workpiece at different clamping positions, and the specific method is as follows:
G1. adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to position PjWherein j =1, 2, 3, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
G2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
G3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PjDeviation extreme value E in clampingj；
G4. Judging whether j is equal to N, if yes, executing step G5; if not, returning to the step G1 to adjust the workpiece to the next position;
G5. at all deviation extremes EjAnd finding out the minimum deviation extreme value from the deviation extreme values E, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valuejOr P is used as the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
Further, according to the method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool space error on the workpiece machining precision, in step F4, the workpiece clamping position is in the position PiThe position P can be adjusted according to the requirement of the processing precision of the workpieceiThe method is used for machining the actual clamping position of the workpiece, can also continue to adjust the clamping position of the workpiece, and selects the optimal clamping position of the workpiece for actual machining by comparing deviation extreme values of the workpiece in different clamping positions, and comprises the following specific steps:
f6-1, judging whether i is equal to N, if so, determining the position Pi(i = N) as the actual clamping position of the workpiece for machining; if not, executing step F6-2 to adjust the workpiece to the next position;
f6-2, adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to a position PkWhere k = i +1, … …N (N is a set upper limit);
f6-3, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
f6-4, counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PkDeviation extreme value E in clampingk；
F6-5, judging whether k is equal to N, if yes, executing a step F6-6, if not, returning to the step F6-2, and adjusting the workpiece to the next position;
f6-6 at all deviation extremes EkAnd extreme deviation value EiFinding out the minimum deviation extreme value, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valueiOr PkAs the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
Further, in the method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining accuracy, in the case where the workpiece machining accuracy cannot be satisfied under the spatial error determined in step F5, the spatial error of the machine tool may be adjusted to be corrected, and the adjustment scheme may be determined by performing simulation analysis by adjusting the spatial error curve of the machine tool model in the virtual environment, and the specific method is as follows:
f7-1, adjusting a spatial error curve of the mth motion axis of the machine tool in the virtual environment, wherein M =1, 2, … … M, and M is the total number of the motion axes of the machine tool; the spatial error curve comprises a curve shape and a curve error value;
f7-2, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
f7-3, counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process to obtain the deviation extreme value under the space error;
f7-4, returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the current mth motion axis until reaching the preset upper limit of the adjustment times;
f7-5, establishing a relation curve of the change of the m-th motion axis space error and the extreme value of the workpiece deviation;
f7-6, returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the next motion axis until all the motion axes establish the relation curve of the spatial error change and the workpiece deviation extreme value;
f7-7, analyzing the relation curve of the space error change of each motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value, and finding out the factor which has the largest influence on the workpiece deviation extreme value as the priority adjusting object of the machine tool precision adjustment.
Further, in the method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision, for the case that the machine tool spatial error in the step E cannot meet the workpiece machining precision requirement, the spatial error of the machine tool may be adjusted to be corrected, and the adjustment scheme is determined by performing simulation analysis by adjusting the spatial error curve of the machine tool model in the virtual environment, and the specific method is as follows:
H1. adjusting a spatial error curve of the mth motion axis of the machine tool in a virtual environment, wherein M =1, 2, … … M, and M is the total number of the motion axes of the machine tool; the spatial error curve comprises a curve shape and a curve error value;
H2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
H3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process to obtain the deviation extreme value under the space error;
H4. returning to the step H1, continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the current mth motion axis until reaching the preset upper limit of adjustment times;
H5. establishing a relation curve of the change of the m-th motion axis space error and a workpiece deviation extreme value;
H6. returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the next motion axis until all the motion axes establish the relation curve of the spatial error change and the workpiece deviation extreme value;
H7. and analyzing a relation curve of the space error change of each motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value, and finding out the factor which has the largest influence on the workpiece deviation extreme value as a priority adjustment object of the machine tool precision adjustment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by constructing a virtual machining environment and inputting a machine tool spatial error curve in the virtual machining environment, the position deviation of a cutter can be calculated in real time in the simulation machining process of a workpiece, the machining precision of the workpiece can be pre-judged according to a deviation extreme value, trial cutting machining is not needed, the production period of a product is effectively shortened, the scrappage of the workpiece is reduced, resources are saved, and the production cost is reduced;
2. the workpiece machining precision is optimized through adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment and multiple iterations in software, so that the workpiece machining precision is optimized under the condition of not changing the precision of a machine tool;
3. by adjusting the error curves of all the axes in the virtual environment, the machining precision of the workpiece under different error conditions is analyzed, and trial and error are performed for many times in software, so that a reasonable machine tool adjusting scheme can be provided, the machine tool adjusting difficulty is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for optimizing the situation that the machining precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met by adopting the method for adjusting the workpiece clamping position.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for further optimizing and selecting the condition that the position of the workpiece can meet the precision requirement according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method for performing optimization analysis by adjusting error curves of various axes according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for performing precision optimization selection by adjusting a workpiece clamping position according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for simulation analysis of influence of machine tool space error on workpiece machining accuracy according to the present invention includes:
step 100, mapping a virtual machine tool model in software, constructing a virtual machining environment, and determining a workpiece clamping position P;
step 200, inputting error curves of all motion axes, including straightness and verticality;
step 300, the virtual numerical control system analyzes an NC program, drives a machine tool model to move and calculates the theoretical coordinate (x) of the tool nose point in real time0，y0，z0) Meanwhile, the error values of the current motion axes including the straightness error, the verticality error and the like are calculated according to the input error curves of the motion axes, the comprehensive error of the motion axes is calculated by comprehensively considering the errors, the comprehensive error of the motion axes is superposed, and the theoretical coordinate of the current tool tip point is corrected to obtain a corrected coordinate (x)1，y1，z1）；
Taking a three-axis machine tool as an example, the comprehensive space error of each motion axis is calculated as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 706005DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
wherein, Exp（x0，y0，z0）、Eyp（x0，y0，z0）、Ezp（x0，y0，z0) N different errors such as X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis positioning errors, deflection, verticality and the like are respectively in a theoretical coordinate (X)0，y0，z0) The amount of deviation caused;
the corrected coordinates (x) are calculated1，y1，z1) The following were used:
x1=x0+△X；
y1=y0+△Y；
z1=z0+△Z；
step 400, counting a deviation extreme value E of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process;
step 500, judging whether the deviation extreme value E exceeds the workpiece precision, if so, executing step 600, and if not, executing step 700;
step 600, judging that the machine tool space error cannot meet the workpiece machining precision requirement, and executing step 800 or executing step 900;
step 700, judging that the machine tool space error can meet the workpiece machining precision requirement, and executing step 1000 or executing step 1100;
800, optimizing by adopting a method of adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece;
step 900, adjusting a spatial error curve of a machine tool model in a virtual environment to perform simulation optimization analysis, determining an optimal adjustment scheme of the machine tool, and guiding actual adjustment of the spatial error of the machine tool;
step 1000, transforming workpiece clamping positions in a virtual machining environment, and selecting an optimal workpiece clamping position for actual machining by comparing deviation extreme values of the workpieces at different clamping positions;
step 1100, performing actual processing according to the parameter settings in the virtual environment.
Fig. 2 shows a specific method of step 800, comprising:
step 801, adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to a position PiWherein i =1, 2, 3, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
step 802, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
step 803, counting the extreme deviation value between the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PiDeviation extreme value E in clampingi；
Step 804, determining the deviation extreme value EiIf the workpiece precision is exceeded, execute step 806; if not, go to step 805;
step 805, determining that the workpiece clamping position is at position PiThe requirement of the processing precision of the workpiece can be met;
step 806, determine whether i is equal to N, if yes, go to step 807; if not, returning to the step 801, and adjusting the workpiece to the next position;
in step 807, it is determined that the machine tool cannot meet the workpiece machining accuracy requirement under the spatial error.
It is determined in the above step 805 that the workpiece clamping position is at the position PiThe position P can be adjusted according to the requirement of the processing precision of the workpieceiAs the actual clamping position of the workpiece for processing, the clamping position of the workpiece can also be continuously adjusted, and the optimal clamping position of the workpiece is selected for actual processing by comparing deviation extreme values of the workpiece at different clamping positions, as shown in fig. 3, the specific method comprises the following steps:
step 8051, determine if i is equal to N, if so, determine the position Pi(i = N) as the actual clamping position of the workpiece for machining; if not, go to step 8052 to adjust the workpiece to the next position;
8052, adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to a position PkWhere k = i +1, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
step 8053, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
8054, counting the extreme deviation value between the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation process to obtain the position PkDeviation extreme value E in clampingk；
Step 8055, determining whether k is equal to N, if yes, executing step 8056, otherwise, returning to step 8052, and adjusting the workpiece to the next position;
8056, at all deviation extremes EkAnd extreme deviation value EiFinding out the minimum deviation extreme value, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valueiOr PkAs the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
For the case that the machine tool determined in step 807 cannot meet the workpiece machining accuracy requirement under the spatial error, step 900 may be executed, the spatial error of the machine tool is adjusted for correction, and the adjustment scheme is determined by performing simulation analysis by adjusting the spatial error curve of the machine tool model in the virtual environment, as shown in fig. 4, the specific method is as follows:
step 901, adjusting a spatial error curve of the mth motion axis of the machine tool in a virtual environment, wherein M =1, 2, … … M, and M is the total number of the motion axes of the machine tool; the spatial error curve comprises a curve shape and a curve error value;
step 902, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
step 903, counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process to obtain the deviation extreme value under the space error;
step 904, determining whether the spatial error adjustment frequency of the current moving axis reaches a preset adjustment frequency upper limit, if yes, executing step 8075; if not, returning to the step 8071 to continue adjusting the spatial error curve of the current mth motion axis;
step 905, establishing a relation curve between the spatial error change of the current mth motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value;
step 906, determining whether all the motion axes establish a relationship curve between the spatial error variation and the workpiece deviation extreme value, that is, whether M is equal to M, if so, executing step 8077; if not, returning to the step 8071 to continue adjusting the spatial error curve of the next motion axis;
and 907, analyzing a relation curve between the spatial error change of each motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value, and finding out a factor which has the largest influence on the workpiece deviation extreme value and is used as a priority adjustment object for machine tool precision adjustment.
Fig. 5 shows a specific method of step 1000, comprising:
step 1001, adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to position PjWherein j =1, 2, 3, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
step 1002, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, meanwhile, superimposes the comprehensive errors of all movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
step 1003, counting deviation extreme values of the corrected coordinates and the theoretical coordinates in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PjDeviation extreme value E in clampingj；
Step 1004, determining whether j is equal to N, if yes, executing step 1005; if not, returning to the step 1001, and adjusting the workpiece to the next position;
step 1005, at all deviation extreme values EjAnd finding out the minimum deviation extreme value from the deviation extreme values E, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valuejOr P is used as the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
According to the method, the machine tool space error curve is mapped in the virtual machining environment, and the cutter position deviation in the simulation machining process is calculated, so that the workpiece machining precision is pre-judged, the resource waste caused by trial cutting machining is avoided, the production period of a product is shortened, and the production cost is reduced. For the condition that the precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met, adjustment analysis and trial and error can be carried out through simulation machining, so that the optimal machining precision is favorably obtained, the actual adjustment difficulty is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail hereinabove, the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications in accordance with the principle of the present invention. Thus, modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A method for simulation analysis of influence of machine tool space error on workpiece machining precision is characterized in that error curves of all movement axes of a machine tool are input in a virtual machining environment, tool position deviation is analyzed according to the machine tool space error in a simulation machining process, and the machine tool workpiece precision is pre-judged according to deviation poles, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. mapping a virtual machine tool model in software, constructing a virtual machining environment, and determining a workpiece clamping position P;
B. inputting error curves of all motion axes, including straightness and verticality;
C. the virtual numerical control system analyzes an NC program, drives a machine tool model to move, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, calculates error values of all current motion axes including straightness error, verticality error and the like according to input error curves of all the motion axes, comprehensively considers all the errors, calculates the comprehensive errors of the motion axes, superposes the comprehensive errors of all the motion axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
D. counting a deviation extreme value E of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process;
E. judging whether the deviation extreme value E exceeds the workpiece precision, if so, judging that the machining precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met; if not, the requirement of the workpiece machining precision can be met.
2. The method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool space error on the workpiece machining precision according to claim 1, wherein the condition that the machine tool space error cannot meet the workpiece machining precision requirement in the step E can be optimized by adopting a method for adjusting the workpiece clamping position, and the specific method is as follows:
F1. adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to position PiWherein i =1, 2, 3,… …, N (N is a set upper limit);
F2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
F3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PiDeviation extreme value E in clampingi；
F4. Determining deviation extreme value EiIf the workpiece precision is exceeded, executing a step F5; if not, determining that the workpiece clamping position is at the position PiThe requirement of the processing precision of the workpiece can be met;
F5. judging whether i is equal to N, if so, judging that the machining precision requirement of the workpiece cannot be met under the spatial error; if not, the process returns to step F1 to adjust the workpiece to the next position.
3. The method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step E, the machine tool spatial error can meet the requirement of the workpiece machining precision, actual machining can be performed according to the workpiece position setting in the virtual machining environment, the workpiece clamping position can also be changed in the virtual machining environment, and the optimal clamping position of the workpiece is selected for actual machining by comparing deviation extreme values of the workpiece at different clamping positions, and the specific method is as follows:
G1. adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to position PjWherein j =1, 2, 3, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
G2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
G3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PjDeviation extreme value E in clampingj；
G4. Judging whether j is equal to N, if yes, executing step G5; if not, returning to the step G1 to adjust the workpiece to the next position;
G5. at all deviation extremes EjAnd finding out the minimum deviation extreme value from the deviation extreme values E, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valuejOr P is used as the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
4. The method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool space error on the workpiece machining precision according to claim 2, wherein the workpiece clamping position in step F4 is at position PiThe position P can be adjusted according to the requirement of the processing precision of the workpieceiThe method is used for machining the actual clamping position of the workpiece, can also continue to adjust the clamping position of the workpiece, and selects the optimal clamping position of the workpiece for actual machining by comparing deviation extreme values of the workpiece in different clamping positions, and comprises the following specific steps:
f6-1, judging whether i is equal to N, if so, determining the position Pi(i = N) as the actual clamping position of the workpiece for machining; if not, executing step F6-2 to adjust the workpiece to the next position;
f6-2, adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece in the virtual machining environment to a position PkWhere k = i +1, … …, N (N is a set upper limit);
f6-3, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
f6-4, counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the simulation machining process to obtain the position PkDeviation extreme value E in clampingk；
F6-5, judging whether k is equal to N, if yes, executing a step F6-6, if not, returning to the step F6-2, and adjusting the workpiece to the next position;
f6-6 at all deviation extremes EkAnd extreme deviation value EiFinding out the minimum deviation extreme value, and determining the position P corresponding to the deviation extreme valueiOr PkAs the actual clamping position of the workpiece.
5. The method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision according to claim 2, wherein the condition that the workpiece machining precision requirement cannot be met under the spatial error determined in the step F5 can be corrected by adjusting the spatial error of the machine tool, and the adjustment scheme is determined by simulation analysis by adjusting the spatial error curve of the machine tool model in a virtual environment, and the method comprises the following steps:
f7-1, adjusting a spatial error curve of the mth motion axis of the machine tool in the virtual environment, wherein M =1, 2, … … M, and M is the total number of the motion axes of the machine tool; the spatial error curve comprises a curve shape and a curve error value;
f7-2, the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the theoretical coordinates of the current tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
f7-3, counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process to obtain the deviation extreme value under the space error;
f7-4, returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the current mth motion axis until reaching the preset upper limit of the adjustment times;
f7-5, establishing a relation curve of the change of the m-th motion axis space error and the extreme value of the workpiece deviation;
f7-6, returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the next motion axis until all the motion axes establish the relation curve of the spatial error change and the workpiece deviation extreme value;
f7-7, analyzing the relation curve of the space error change of each motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value, and finding out the factor which has the largest influence on the workpiece deviation extreme value as the priority adjusting object of the machine tool precision adjustment.
6. The method for simulation analysis of the influence of the machine tool spatial error on the workpiece machining precision according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the step E, the condition that the machine tool spatial error cannot meet the workpiece machining precision requirement can be corrected by adjusting the machine tool spatial error, and the adjustment scheme is determined by performing simulation analysis by adjusting the machine tool model spatial error curve in a virtual environment, and the specific method is as follows:
H1. adjusting a spatial error curve of the mth motion axis of the machine tool in a virtual environment, wherein M =1, 2, … … M, and M is the total number of the motion axes of the machine tool; the spatial error curve comprises a curve shape and a curve error value;
H2. the virtual numerical control system drives the machine tool model to move again, calculates theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point in real time, simultaneously superposes the comprehensive errors of all the movement axes, and corrects the current theoretical coordinates of the tool nose point to obtain corrected coordinates;
H3. counting the deviation extreme value of the corrected coordinate and the theoretical coordinate in the whole simulation machining process to obtain the deviation extreme value under the space error;
H4. returning to the step H1, continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the current mth motion axis until reaching the preset upper limit of adjustment times;
H5. establishing a relation curve of the change of the m-th motion axis space error and a workpiece deviation extreme value;
H6. returning to the step F7-1, and continuing to adjust the spatial error curve of the next motion axis until all the motion axes establish the relation curve of the spatial error change and the workpiece deviation extreme value;
H7. and analyzing a relation curve of the space error change of each motion axis and the workpiece deviation extreme value, and finding out the factor which has the largest influence on the workpiece deviation extreme value as a priority adjustment object of the machine tool precision adjustment.
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