CN112255683A - Noise suppression method and device for seismic data - Google Patents
Noise suppression method and device for seismic data Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/30—Noise handling
- G01V2210/32—Noise reduction
Abstract
The invention discloses a noise suppression method and a device for seismic data, wherein the method comprises the following steps: obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot; for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number; for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large; denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon; the method realizes the random arrangement of the seismic records, changes the concentrated patch noise into randomly distributed noise, can effectively remove the concentrated patch noise during the denoising process, and improves the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seismic exploration data processing, in particular to a method and a device for suppressing noise of seismic data.
Background
Some seismic data may for some reason have some continuous interference noise concentrated into patches, and the presence of such noise severely affects the final imaging of the seismic data. In the prior art, based on modes such as frequency division noise suppression and the like, according to the difference between the amplitude of noise and the amplitude of nearby seismic channels, the removal of the concentrated continuous interference noise in a slice is realized through statistics of certain amplitude in a time-space window, but because the difference between the amplitude of the concentrated continuous interference noise in a slice and the amplitude of nearby seismic channels is small, the noise cannot be completely removed in the prior art, and the accuracy of noise suppression of seismic data is low.
In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a noise suppression method for seismic data, which is used for improving the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data and comprises the following steps:
obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot;
for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number;
for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large;
denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon;
and rearranging the denoised seismic records according to the original seismic channel serial numbers of the backed-up cannons.
The embodiment of the invention provides a noise suppression device for seismic data, which is used for improving the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data and comprises the following components:
the backup module is used for obtaining seismic data and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each gun;
the replacing module is used for generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of the seismic data for each cannon and replacing the original seismic channel serial numbers of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial numbers;
the first arranging module is used for arranging the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers for each shot according to the sequence from small to large of the random seismic channel serial numbers;
the de-noising module is used for de-noising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each shot;
and the second arranging module is used for rearranging the seismic records after the denoising processing according to the backup original seismic channel serial numbers of the shots.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the noise suppression method of the seismic data when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above-mentioned noise suppression method for seismic data is stored.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot; for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number; for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large; denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon; the seismic records after denoising processing are rearranged according to the original seismic trace serial numbers of the backed-up cannons, random arrangement of the seismic records is further achieved based on the random seismic trace serial numbers, the noise concentrated into slices in the seismic data is changed into noise distributed randomly, the noise concentrated into slices can be effectively removed during subsequent denoising processing, and the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for suppressing noise in seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a noise suppression apparatus for seismic data according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a seismic record of an original single shot;
FIG. 4 is a denoising result of a seismic record corresponding to the prior art;
FIG. 5 shows a denoising result of a seismic record obtained by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a system, apparatus, method or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
In order to solve the technical problem that the accuracy of noise suppression of seismic data is low due to the fact that interference noise concentrated into slices cannot be completely removed in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a noise suppression method for seismic data, which is used for improving the accuracy of noise suppression of seismic data, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flow of the noise suppression method for seismic data in the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 101: obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot;
step 102: for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number;
step 103: for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large;
step 104: denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon;
step 105: and rearranging the denoised seismic records according to the original seismic channel serial numbers of the backed-up cannons.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is implemented by: obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot; for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number; for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large; denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon; the seismic records after denoising processing are rearranged according to the original seismic trace serial numbers of the backed-up cannons, random arrangement of the seismic records is further achieved based on the random seismic trace serial numbers, the noise concentrated into slices in the seismic data is changed into noise distributed randomly, the noise concentrated into slices can be effectively removed during subsequent denoising processing, and the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data is improved.
In step 101, seismic data may be obtained first, a seismic trace header word ccp is preset for a seismic record of each shot, and the content of an original seismic trace serial number trace of each shot is backed up to ccp, that is, ccp is trace and is used for backing up the original seismic trace serial number.
In one embodiment, step 102 may comprise:
for each shot, a preset number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of a shot gather, a common midpoint gather, and a common offset range gather.
In one embodiment, step 102 may comprise:
for each shot, a number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a number of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data that is the same as the number of original seismic trace sequence numbers of the shot.
In the specific implementation, since the seismic data includes a plurality of gathers, such as shot gather, common midpoint gather, and common offset domain gather, in step 102, for each shot, a random seismic trace sequence number may be generated from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers for the gathers, the number of random sequence numbers may be the same as the number of original seismic trace sequence numbers for the shot, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with a random seismic channel serial number, for example, the random serial number is sequ, the original seismic channel serial number is trace, i.e., trace sequ, then, in step 103, the random seismic trace sequence numbers may be arranged in order of ascending, and the seismic record corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number, so that the random arrangement of the seismic record is realized based on the random seismic channel serial number, and the noise concentrated into pieces in the seismic data is changed into the randomly distributed noise.
In one embodiment, step 104 may comprise:
and based on frequency-division noise suppression, denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers of each shot according to the amplitude difference between the noise and the seismic records.
In step 104, denoising processing can be performed on the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each shot according to the amplitude difference between the noise and the seismic records on the basis of frequency division denoising on the single shot of the seismic records after random arrangement, so that the concentrated continuous-piece noise which is difficult to eliminate in the prior art can be effectively eliminated, and the accuracy of noise suppression of seismic data is improved.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the seismic records of the shot gather are only used as an example, in an actual situation, noise suppression may also be performed on the seismic records of the common midpoint gather and the common offset range gather, and a specific flow is similar to a flow of the seismic record noise suppression of the shot gather, and details are not described here again.
It should be noted that while the operations of the method of the present invention are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the illustrated operations must be performed, to achieve desirable results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a noise suppression device for seismic data, as follows. Because the principle of solving the problems of the noise suppression device for the seismic data is similar to the noise suppression method for the seismic data, the implementation of the device can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated. As used hereinafter, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a noise suppression device for seismic data, configured to improve accuracy of noise suppression for seismic data, where fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the noise suppression device for seismic data in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the noise suppression device includes:
the backup module 01 is used for acquiring seismic data and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot;
the replacing module 02 is used for generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data for each cannon, and replacing the original seismic channel serial numbers of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial numbers;
the first arranging module 03 is used for arranging the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers for each shot according to the sequence from small to large of the random seismic channel serial numbers;
the denoising module 04 is used for denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each shot;
and the second arranging module 05 is used for rearranging the seismic records after the denoising processing according to the original seismic channel serial numbers of the backed-up cannons.
In one embodiment, the replacement module 02 is specifically configured to:
for each shot, a preset number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of a shot gather, a common midpoint gather, and a common offset range gather.
In one embodiment, the replacement module 02 is specifically configured to:
for each shot, a number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a number of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data that is the same as the number of original seismic trace sequence numbers of the shot.
In one embodiment, the denoising module 04 is specifically configured to:
and based on frequency-division noise suppression, denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers of each shot according to the amplitude difference between the noise and the seismic records.
The following is a specific example to facilitate an understanding of how the invention may be practiced.
The first step is as follows: acquiring seismic data, presetting a seismic channel head character ccp for the seismic record of each cannon, and backing up the content of an original seismic channel serial number trace of each cannon to the ccp, namely the ccp is trace;
the second step is that: for each cannon, generating a random seismic channel serial number sequ from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of a cannon gather, a common central point gather and a common offset range gather of seismic data, and replacing an original seismic channel serial number trace of the cannon by the random seismic channel serial number sequ, namely, the trace is sequ;
the third step: for each cannon, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large;
the fourth step: on the basis of frequency-division noise suppression, carrying out denoising treatment on the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each shot according to the amplitude difference between noise and the seismic records on the single shot of the randomly arranged seismic records;
the fifth step: after denoising processing of all cannons is completed, an original seismic channel serial number ccp backed up in the first step is read, and a random seismic channel serial number trace is replaced by the original seismic channel serial number ccp in an inverse mode, namely the trace is ccp.
Fig. 3 is a seismic record of an original single shot, and fig. 4 is a denoising result of a seismic record corresponding to the prior art, as shown in fig. 4, wherein the noise of a concentrated link of the seismic record is not completely removed in fig. 4. FIG. 5 shows a denoising result of a seismic record obtained in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in FIG. 5, the present invention performs denoising processing after randomly arranging seismic records based on random seismic trace sequence numbers, thereby effectively eliminating concentrated connected-slice noise in the seismic records, and the denoising effect of FIG. 5 is significantly better than that of FIG. 4, further showing that the present invention changes the distribution characteristics of concentrated connected-slice noise by changing the original seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic records, thereby obtaining a better denoising effect and having a wide application prospect.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the noise suppression method of the seismic data when executing the computer program.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the above-mentioned noise suppression method for seismic data is stored.
In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides: obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot; for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number; for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large; denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon; the seismic records after denoising processing are rearranged according to the original seismic trace serial numbers of the backed-up cannons, random arrangement of the seismic records is further achieved based on the random seismic trace serial numbers, the noise concentrated into slices in the seismic data is changed into noise distributed randomly, the noise concentrated into slices can be effectively removed during subsequent denoising processing, and the accuracy of noise suppression of the seismic data is improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for suppressing noise in seismic data, comprising:
obtaining seismic data, and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each shot;
for each cannon, generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data, and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number;
for each shot, arranging the random seismic channel serial numbers and the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers according to the sequence of the random seismic channel serial numbers from small to large;
denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each cannon;
and rearranging the denoised seismic records according to the original seismic channel serial numbers of the backed-up cannons.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a predetermined number of random seismic trace sequence numbers from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data for each shot comprises:
for each shot, a preset number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of a shot gather, a common midpoint gather, and a common offset range gather.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein generating a predetermined number of random seismic trace sequence numbers from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data for each shot comprises:
for each shot, a number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a number of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data that is the same as the number of original seismic trace sequence numbers of the shot.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein de-noising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic trace sequence number for each shot comprises:
and based on frequency-division noise suppression, denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers of each shot according to the amplitude difference between the noise and the seismic records.
5. A noise suppression apparatus for seismic data, comprising:
the backup module is used for obtaining seismic data and backing up the original seismic channel serial number of each gun;
the replacing module is used for generating a preset number of random seismic channel serial numbers from a plurality of seismic channel serial numbers of seismic data for each cannon and replacing the original seismic channel serial number of the cannon with the random seismic channel serial number;
the first arranging module is used for arranging the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers for each shot according to the sequence from small to large of the random seismic channel serial numbers;
the de-noising module is used for de-noising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial number of each shot;
and the second arranging module is used for rearranging the seismic records after the denoising processing according to the backup original seismic channel serial numbers of the shots.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the replacement module is specifically configured to:
for each shot, a preset number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a plurality of seismic trace sequence numbers of a shot gather, a common midpoint gather, and a common offset range gather.
7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the replacement module is specifically configured to:
for each shot, a number of random seismic trace sequence numbers are generated from a number of seismic trace sequence numbers of the seismic data that is the same as the number of original seismic trace sequence numbers of the shot.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the denoising module is specifically configured to:
and based on frequency-division noise suppression, denoising the seismic records corresponding to the random seismic channel serial numbers of each shot according to the amplitude difference between the noise and the seismic records.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN113075733A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-07-06 | 成都理工大学 | Water and land double-detection channel sequence quality control method |
| CN117519610A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method, device and medium for creating CMP data body by post-stack seismic data |
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| CN113075733B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-03-29 | 成都理工大学 | Water and land double-detection channel sequence quality control method |
| CN117519610A (en) * | 2024-01-05 | 2024-02-06 | 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 | Method, device and medium for creating CMP data body by post-stack seismic data |
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