CN112255558A - Method and device for calculating battery calendar life attenuation - Google Patents
Method and device for calculating battery calendar life attenuation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112255558A CN112255558A CN201911421285.5A CN201911421285A CN112255558A CN 112255558 A CN112255558 A CN 112255558A CN 201911421285 A CN201911421285 A CN 201911421285A CN 112255558 A CN112255558 A CN 112255558A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle batteries, and discloses a method for calculating the calendar life attenuation of a battery, which comprises the following steps: obtaining a historical environmental annual temperature change curve according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located; fitting a temperature change curve of the historical environment year to obtain an environment temperature fitting curve in a battery storage period; calculating the cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage time period by utilizing the environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period to obtain a cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period; and calculating the calendar life attenuation of the battery core in the storage time period of the battery by using the temperature change curve of the battery core and combining the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery core, thereby obtaining the accumulated calendar life attenuation of the battery. According to the method, the battery core temperature in the battery storage time period is obtained according to the historical environment temperature, and the calendar life attenuation of the battery core is calculated, so that the accumulated calendar life attenuation of the battery is obtained, and a direction is provided for capacity prediction of the battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle batteries, in particular to a method for calculating the calendar life attenuation of a battery, a device for calculating the calendar life attenuation of the battery and a storage medium.
Background
At present, electric vehicles are widely applied, electric vehicle batteries are used as key components, and the service life of the batteries is one of important indexes for evaluating the quality of the batteries. Battery life is affected by usage conditions, including storage life and cycle life. The storage life (i.e. the calendar life) is a phenomenon of aging of the battery during storage, and the self-discharge rate of the battery varies with different environmental temperatures, which has different accelerating or slowing effects on the attenuation of the battery.
During the operation of the vehicle, the battery management system BMS adjusts its power usage or SOC prediction according to the battery pack capacity. The existing BMS capacity estimation strategy can be coordinated in two calculation ways: one is long-time statistics, and the influence of the charge and discharge of a battery pack on the service life of the battery is calculated; and secondly, adjusting the current capacity of the battery according to the capacity estimated on line, thereby formulating the capacity of the current battery pack. The prior art has more researches on the cycle life of the battery, such as: in the charging and discharging process of the automobile, the BMS can use a statistical method to arrange the service conditions of the battery under different SOCs and temperatures according to signals such as voltage, SOC, temperature and current monitored by the sensors, and judge the cycle life of the battery according to the influence rates of the different SOCs and temperatures on the battery to obtain the capacity attenuation rate of the battery.
However, the study of battery calendar life has more difficulties: firstly, the automobile is switched in the continuous charging and discharging and storage processes, and the cycle life and the calendar life are mutually influenced; secondly, the calendar life is greatly influenced by temperature and SOC, the power of the whole vehicle can be cut off when the whole vehicle is stored, the BMS cannot record the temperature change in the storage process, and the BMS is powered off simultaneously after the whole vehicle is powered off, so that battery information such as voltage, current and temperature cannot be acquired. At present, a method capable of accurately calculating the calendar life decay amount of a battery is needed to provide a direction for predicting the capacity of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the calendar life attenuation of a battery, which is used for accurately calculating the calendar life attenuation of the battery.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery, the method comprising:
s1) obtaining a historical environmental annual temperature change curve according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located;
s2) fitting the historical environmental annual temperature change curve to obtain an environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage period;
s3) calculating the battery cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage time period by utilizing the environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period to obtain a battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period;
s4) calculating the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period by utilizing the battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period and combining the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery cell, and calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period.
Further, step S4) calculating a cell calendar life attenuation amount in the battery storage period by using the cell temperature variation curve in the battery storage period in combination with the cell calendar life attenuation factor, and calculating an accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the cell calendar life attenuation amount in the battery storage period, including:
s41) carrying out time statistics on the cell temperature in the battery storage time period according to the cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period to obtain time length values of the cell temperatures in the battery storage time period, wherein each cell temperature corresponds to a cell calendar life decay factor;
s42) multiplying the time length value of each cell temperature by the corresponding cell calendar life attenuation factor to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature, and cumulatively adding the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation in the battery storage time period;
s43) calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the battery core calendar life attenuation amount in the battery storage time period.
Further, step S1) obtains a historical annual temperature variation curve of the environment in which the battery is located according to the historical annual temperature variation of the environment in which the battery is located, including:
and calculating the monthly highest temperature average value and the monthly lowest temperature average value according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located to obtain a historical environmental annual temperature change curve.
Further, the step S2) of fitting the historical ambient year temperature change curve to obtain an ambient temperature fit curve within the battery storage period includes:
and according to the historical environmental annual temperature change curve, performing linear interpolation calculation according to time dimension to obtain the daily maximum temperature average value and the daily minimum temperature average value in the battery storage period, thereby obtaining an environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage period.
Further, in step S3), the fitting a curve with the ambient temperature in the battery storage period is used to calculate the cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage period, so as to obtain a cell temperature variation curve in the battery storage period, where the method includes:
obtaining an ambient temperature Ta in the battery storage time period by using an ambient temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period, and calculating a cell temperature Tc of the battery in the battery storage time period by using the following formula to obtain a cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period;
Pcool＝(Tc-Ta)/Rth
wherein To is the initial temperature of the battery cell, Pcool is the heat dissipation power of the battery cell, dt is the storage time, σ is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell, m is the mass of the battery cell, and Rth is the thermal resistance of the battery cell.
Further, the calculation formula of the fitting curve of the ambient temperature in the battery storage period is as follows:
Td＝(Td1-Td2)*sin(D*π/12-π)+(Td1-Td2)/2
wherein, Td1Is the average daily maximum temperature, Td2D is the daily minimum temperature average, and is the array from day 1 to day 365 of the year.
Further, before the step S1), the method further includes:
determining whether the battery is in a storage condition.
Further, the determining whether the battery is in a storage condition includes:
and acquiring the power-off time of the battery and the recharging/discharging time of the battery, judging whether the time interval from the power-off time to the recharging/discharging time is greater than preset time, and if so, judging that the battery is in a storage working condition.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a battery calendar life attenuation amount calculation device, the device including: a memory and a processor;
the memory to store program instructions;
the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory to realize the method for calculating the calendar life decrement of the battery.
A third aspect of the present invention provides a storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described method of calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a temperature fitting curve accurate to each hour is obtained according to the historical environment temperature curve fitting, and the temperature change in the storage period which cannot be measured by the BMS is obtained; and calculating the battery core temperature in the storage time interval of the battery according to the relation between the ambient temperature and the battery core temperature and the fitting curve of the ambient temperature, and calculating the calendar life attenuation of the battery core in the storage time interval according to the corresponding relation between the battery core temperature and the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery core, so that the accumulated calendar life attenuation of the battery is calculated, and a direction is provided for predicting the capacity of the battery. The method of the invention can count the capacity attenuation brought to the battery by the calendar life, so that the calculation of the battery life is more accurate.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating a calendar life decay of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of historical ambient annual temperature changes provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the monthly average temperature change of the historical environment according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of an ambient temperature fit provided by one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a change of a cell temperature with an ambient temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, a method for calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1) obtaining a historical environmental annual temperature change curve according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located.
FIG. 2 is a graph of historical ambient annual temperature changes provided by one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the monthly average temperature change of the historical environment according to one embodiment of the present invention.
According to the historical annual temperature change curve shown in fig. 2, the monthly highest temperature average value and the monthly lowest temperature average value are calculated, and the historical environmental monthly average temperature change curve shown in fig. 3 is obtained.
S2) fitting the historical environmental annual temperature change curve to obtain an environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage period.
Linear interpolation calculation is performed according to time dimension by using the historical environment monthly average temperature change curve shown in fig. 3 to obtain the daily maximum temperature average value and the daily minimum temperature average value in the storage period, and an environment temperature fitting curve is obtained by using the following formula fitting.
Td＝(Td1-Td2)*sin(D*π/12-π)+(Td1-Td2)/2
Wherein, Td1Is the average daily maximum temperature, Td2D is the daily minimum temperature average, and is the array from day 1 to day 365 of the year.
FIG. 4 is a graph of an ambient temperature fit provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a graph of Td1Is 1 ℃ and Td2A curve was fitted to a 24 hour day temperature of-1 ℃.
S3) calculating the battery cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage time period by utilizing the environment temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period to obtain the battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period.
Obtaining an ambient temperature Ta in the battery storage time period by using an ambient temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period, and calculating a cell temperature Tc of the battery in the battery storage time period by using the following formula to obtain a cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period;
Pcool＝(Tc-Ta)/Rth
wherein To is the initial temperature of the battery cell, Pcool is the heat dissipation power of the battery cell, dt is the storage time, σ is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell, m is the mass of the battery cell, and Rth is the thermal resistance of the battery cell.
Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating a change of a cell temperature with an ambient temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention. The cell temperature change curve obtained in step S3) is shown in fig. 5.
S4) calculating the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period by utilizing the battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period and combining the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery cell, and calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period.
Step S4) includes the following substeps:
s41) carrying out time statistics on the cell temperature in the battery storage time period according to the cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period to obtain the time length value of each cell temperature in the battery storage time period, wherein each cell temperature corresponds to a cell calendar life decay factor.
For example, the cell temperature distribution was counted over 24 hours, wherein the time from-1 ℃ to 0 ℃ was 10 hours and the time from 0 ℃ to 1 ℃ was 14 hours.
S42) multiplying the time length value of each cell temperature by the corresponding cell calendar life attenuation factor to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature, and adding the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature in an accumulated manner to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation in the battery storage period.
For example, when the cell temperature is-1 ℃ to 0 ℃, the corresponding cell calendar life attenuation factor is P1, and the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to the temperature is 10 × P1; when the temperature of the battery core is 0-1 ℃, the corresponding attenuation factor of the calendar life of the battery core is P2, the attenuation quantity of the calendar life of the battery core corresponding to the temperature is 14P 2, and the attenuation quantity of the calendar life of the battery core in 24 hours is 10P 1+ 14P 2.
S43) calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the battery core calendar life attenuation amount in the battery storage time period. For example, the cell calendar life attenuation amount in the offline time period of the electronic management system BMS is calculated, so that the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery is calculated.
Optionally, before step S1), the method further includes: determining whether the battery is in a storage condition. And acquiring the power-off time of the battery and the recharging/discharging time of the battery, judging whether the time interval from the power-off time to the recharging/discharging time is greater than preset time, and if so, judging that the battery is in a storage working condition. For example, the time t1 when the battery is powered down and the time t2 when the battery is recharged/discharged are obtained, whether the time interval (t2-t1) from the powering down of the battery to the recharging/discharging of the battery is greater than the preset time tn (for example, 60 minutes) or not is judged, and if t2-t1 > tn, the battery is in the storage working condition.
The battery pack is a closed electrical device that cannot measure its ambient temperature. According to the embodiment of the invention, a temperature fitting curve accurate to each hour is obtained according to the historical environment temperature curve fitting, and the temperature change in the storage period which cannot be measured by the BMS is obtained; and calculating to obtain the battery core temperature in the storage time period of the battery according to the relation between the ambient temperature and the battery core temperature and the fitting curve of the ambient temperature, and calculating to obtain the calendar life attenuation of the battery core in the storage time period according to the corresponding relation between the battery core temperature and the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery core, so that the accumulated calendar life attenuation of the battery is obtained, and a direction is provided for predicting the capacity of the battery.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery, the device including: a memory and a processor;
the memory to store program instructions;
the processor is used for calling the program instructions stored in the memory to realize the method for calculating the calendar life decrement of the battery.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a storage medium, wherein computer program instructions are stored on the storage medium, and when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the method for calculating the calendar life attenuation of the battery is realized.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by a program, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a single chip, a chip, or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps in the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention within the technical idea of the embodiments of the present invention, and the simple modifications are within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiments of the present invention will not be described separately for the various possible combinations.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating a calendar life decay amount of a battery, the method comprising:
s1) obtaining a historical environmental annual temperature change curve according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located;
s2) fitting the historical environmental annual temperature change curve to obtain an environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage period;
s3) calculating the battery cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage time period by utilizing the environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period to obtain a battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period;
s4) calculating the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period by utilizing the battery cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period and combining the calendar life attenuation factor of the battery cell, and calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the calendar life attenuation amount of the battery cell in the battery storage time period.
2. The method for calculating the calendar life decay amount of the battery according to claim 1, wherein the step S4) calculates the calendar life decay amount of the battery in the storage period of the battery by using the cell temperature variation curve in the storage period of the battery in combination with the calendar life decay factor of the battery, and calculates the cumulative calendar life decay amount of the battery according to the calendar life decay amount of the battery in the storage period of the battery, including:
s41) carrying out time statistics on the cell temperature in the battery storage time period according to the cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period to obtain time length values of the cell temperatures in the battery storage time period, wherein each cell temperature corresponds to a cell calendar life decay factor;
s42) multiplying the time length value of each cell temperature by the corresponding cell calendar life attenuation factor to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature, and cumulatively adding the cell calendar life attenuation corresponding to each cell temperature to obtain the cell calendar life attenuation in the battery storage time period;
s43) calculating the accumulated calendar life attenuation amount of the battery according to the battery core calendar life attenuation amount in the battery storage time period.
3. The method for calculating the amount of decay in battery calendar life according to claim 1, wherein step S1) is to obtain a historical ambient annual temperature change curve according to the historical annual temperature change of the environment where the battery is located, and the method comprises:
and calculating the monthly highest temperature average value and the monthly lowest temperature average value according to the historical annual temperature change condition of the environment where the battery is located to obtain a historical environmental annual temperature change curve.
4. The method for calculating the decrement in battery calendar life according to claim 3, wherein the step S2) of fitting the historical ambient year temperature change curve to obtain an ambient temperature fitting curve in a battery storage period includes:
and according to the historical environmental annual temperature change curve, performing linear interpolation calculation according to time dimension to obtain the daily maximum temperature average value and the daily minimum temperature average value in the battery storage period, thereby obtaining an environmental temperature fitting curve in the battery storage period.
5. The method for calculating the amount of decay in battery calendar life according to claim 4, wherein the step S3) of calculating the cell temperature of the battery in the battery storage period by using the fitted curve of the ambient temperature in the battery storage period to obtain the cell temperature variation curve in the battery storage period includes:
obtaining an ambient temperature Ta in the battery storage time period by using an ambient temperature fitting curve in the battery storage time period, and calculating a cell temperature Tc of the battery in the battery storage time period by using the following formula to obtain a cell temperature change curve in the battery storage time period;
Pcool＝(Tc-Ta)/Rth
wherein To is the initial temperature of the battery cell, Pcool is the heat dissipation power of the battery cell, dt is the storage time, σ is the specific heat capacity of the battery cell, m is the mass of the battery cell, and Rth is the thermal resistance of the battery cell.
6. The method for calculating the amount of decay in battery calendar life according to claim 4, wherein the calculation formula of the fitted curve of the ambient temperature during the storage period of the battery is as follows:
Td＝(Td1-Td2)*sin(D*π/12-π)+(Td1-Td2)/2
wherein, Td1Is the average daily maximum temperature, Td2D is the daily minimum temperature average, and is the array from day 1 to day 365 of the year.
7. The method for calculating the amount of decay in battery calendar life according to claim 1, wherein before step S1), the method further comprises:
determining whether the battery is in a storage condition.
8. The method of calculating a calendar life decay of a battery of claim 7, wherein said determining whether said battery is in a storage condition comprises:
and acquiring the power-off time of the battery and the recharging/discharging time of the battery, judging whether the time interval from the power-off time to the recharging/discharging time is greater than preset time, and if so, judging that the battery is in a storage working condition.
9. A battery calendar life attenuation amount calculation apparatus, characterized by comprising: a memory and a processor;
the memory to store program instructions;
the processor for invoking the program instructions stored in the memory to implement the battery calendar life decay amount calculation method of any of claims 1-8.
10. A storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the battery calendar life decay amount calculation method of any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN115015769A (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2022-09-06 | 深圳市杰成镍钴新能源科技有限公司 | Power battery residual value estimation method, device, equipment and medium |
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