CN112254642A - Method for detecting geometric axis of arc extinguish chamber of circuit breaker - Google Patents
Method for detecting geometric axis of arc extinguish chamber of circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN112254642A CN112254642A CN202011176004.7A CN202011176004A CN112254642A CN 112254642 A CN112254642 A CN 112254642A CN 202011176004 A CN202011176004 A CN 202011176004A CN 112254642 A CN112254642 A CN 112254642A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/002—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates
- G01B11/005—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring two or more coordinates coordinate measuring machines
Abstract
A method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker. The existing arc extinguishing chamber structure of the circuit breaker comprises a puffer cylinder, a conducting rod, a wiring terminal, an arc extinguishing sleeve and the like, and the analysis of the shape data and the detection of the geometric axis of the puffer cylinder are technical problems to be solved urgently. The invention comprises the following components: the measuring system of sleeve pipe surface profile point, circuit breaker explosion chamber (2) are installed on the revolving stage (1) of the measuring system of sleeve pipe surface profile point, the removal balladeur train (5) and the measuring arm (6) of three-dimensional measuring machine (4) are connected, measuring head (3) are installed to the measuring arm left end, the measuring head contacts with sleeve pipe surface, the measuring system of utilizing sleeve pipe surface profile point takes the mode of point with the scanning and records coordinate plane data layer by layer until spreading over whole measurand distributing object curved surface, utilize mathematical computation with sleeve pipe appearance data acquisition method measuring result fitting for measurand object weighted compensation axis, accomplish the detection of circuit breaker explosion chamber geometric axis. The invention relates to a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power engineering, in particular to a detection method and a calculation method for a geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker.
Background
The circuit breaker is a switching device capable of meeting the most various tasks and requirements in the power system, can close, continuously bear and break a mechanical switching device of rated current under normal operation conditions, and can also close, bear and break all currents which do not exceed the specified rated short-circuit current value within a specified time, when the current exceeds a preset value, and a protection relay or a trigger unit combined with the circuit breaker can give a switching-off instruction to the circuit breaker, the circuit breaker can provide an overcurrent protection function, and therefore, the circuit breaker is the most common important power transformation equipment of the power system;
present high-pressure outdoor circuit breaker can divide into the electrified circuit breaker of jar formula circuit breaker and shell that falls to the ground according to its structural design, wherein, SF6 circuit breaker is along with its insulating properties and structural design, progressively occupy the domination position in the high-tension apparatus within range, the effective reliability and the mechanical life who strengthens the circuit breaker of pneumatics formula circuit breaker explosion chamber structure, inside is including pressing the cylinder, the conducting rod, the piston and moving static contact etc., the outside is binding post and arc extinguishing sleeve pipe etc., to the analysis of its shape data, the detection of geometric axis is the present technical problem who waits to solve urgently, be convenient for can effectively inspect manufacturing process and quality.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker, which can accurately detect the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, ensure the installation stability, improve the strength of mechanical stress and prolong the service life.
The above purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker comprises the following steps: the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker is installed on the revolving stage 1 of the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the moving carriage of the three-dimensional measuring machine is connected with the measuring arm, the left end of the measuring arm is provided with a measuring head, the measuring head contacts with the surface of the sleeve, in the process that the revolving stage drives the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker to rotate, the measuring head takes points in a scanning mode and provides movement increment in the direction of the x axis, and the movement increment sequentially extends to the whole curved surface of the object to be measured;
the detection method of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
(1) the casing contour data acquisition method comprises the steps of utilizing a casing surface profile point measurement system to record coordinate plane data layer by layer in a scanning point acquisition mode until the coordinate plane data is distributed over the whole curved surface of a measured object;
(2) the processing method of the surface point data of the sleeve comprises the steps of fitting a measuring result of a sleeve shape data acquisition method into a weighted compensation axis of a measured object by utilizing mathematical calculation, completing the detection of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, analyzing and calculating the measuring data, and fitting a circle center coordinate, an axis, a weighted axis and a weighted compensation axis of a cross-section circle by using the least square principle through the conversion of a cylindrical coordinate system and a rectangular coordinate system;
the geometric axis equation after the processing of the surface profile point data of the sleeve is as follows:
the expression of the linear equation coefficients a and b is as follows:
xi、、yirespectively the first sampling point
And m is the number of sampling points.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention provides a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker, which can accurately detect the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker and has important significance for ensuring the installation stability, improving the mechanical stress strength and prolonging the service life.
The measuring head at the front section of the measuring arm is a ball measuring head, a metal grating ruler measuring system is adopted for measuring in the x direction and the y direction of the system, the measuring resolution can reach 0.1um, a metal circular grating measuring system is adopted for measuring the angular displacement, the resolution is 3.6', the rotary increment and the moving increment of the rotary table are driven by variable frequency motors, and different rotating speeds are adopted during idle stroke and measuring process respectively.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example 1:
a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker comprises the following steps: the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker is installed on the revolving stage 1 of the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the moving carriage 5 of the three-coordinate measuring machine 4 is connected with the measuring arm 6, the left end of the measuring arm is installed with the measuring head 3, the measuring head contacts with surface of the sleeve, in the course that the revolving stage drives the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker to rotate, the measuring head takes points in a scanning mode and provides movement increment in the direction of x axis, and the movement increment is distributed over the whole curved surface of the measured object in sequence;
the detection method of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
(1) the casing contour data acquisition method comprises the steps of utilizing a casing surface profile point measurement system to record coordinate plane data layer by layer in a scanning point acquisition mode until the coordinate plane data is distributed over the whole curved surface of a measured object;
(2) the processing method of the surface point data of the sleeve comprises the steps of fitting a measuring result of a sleeve shape data acquisition method into a weighted compensation axis of a measured object by utilizing mathematical calculation, completing the detection of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, analyzing and calculating the measuring data, and fitting a circle center coordinate, an axis, a weighted axis and a weighted compensation axis of a cross-section circle by using the least square principle through the conversion of a cylindrical coordinate system and a rectangular coordinate system;
the geometric axis equation after the processing of the surface profile point data of the sleeve is as follows:
the expression of the linear equation coefficients a and b is as follows:
xi、、yirespectively the first sampling point
And m is the number of sampling points.
The invention provides a method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker, aiming at solving the problem that the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker is difficult to measure, and the method mainly comprises a measuring system for the surface profile point of the arc extinguish sleeve of the circuit breaker, a sleeve shape data acquisition method and a sleeve surface profile point data processing method;
1. the measuring system of the sleeve surface profile point comprises a rotary table and a three-coordinate measuring machine, wherein the rotary table is used for placing a measured object, the center of the rotary table is the origin of coordinates of a cylindrical coordinate system formed by the whole measuring system, the three-coordinate measuring machine is used for measuring the x-axis and y-axis coordinates of the surface profile point of the measured object, and comprises an upright post, a sliding frame, a measuring arm and an operating control console, wherein the moving sliding frame is arranged on the upright post and can move in the x direction along a guide rail of the upright post, the measuring arm is arranged on the sliding frame and can move in the y direction along the guide rail of the sliding frame, the front section of the measuring arm is provided with a ball measuring head, the x direction and the y direction of the system are measured by adopting a metal grating ruler measuring system, the measuring resolution can reach 0.1um, the angular displacement measurement adopts a metal circular grating measuring system, the resolution is 3.6', the rotary and the moving, the time of the whole detection process can be shortened;
2. the method for acquiring the shape data of the sleeve comprises the steps that coordinate plane data are recorded layer by layer in a scanning point acquisition mode by a measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve until the coordinate plane data are distributed on the whole curved surface of the measured object, a circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber is arranged on a rotary table of the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, a movable sliding frame and a measuring arm of a three-coordinate measuring machine just contact the surface of the sleeve, and a measuring head acquires points in a scanning mode and provides movement increment in the x-axis direction in the process that the rotary table drives the circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber to rotate, and the measuring head is;
3. the processing method of the data of the molded surface point of the sleeve utilizes mathematical calculation to fit the measuring result of the sleeve shape data acquisition method to the weighted compensation axis of the measured object, and the detection of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker is completed.
The method for processing the surface profile point data of the sleeve, which is related by the invention, specifically comprises the following calculation steps:
step 1: transformation of a coordinate system;
the data measured by the three-coordinate and turntable measuring system belongs to a cylindrical coordinate system, and a conversion formula between the cylindrical coordinate system and a rectangular coordinate system is shown in a formula (1);
step 2: fitting the center of a circle of the section of the insulator by using a least square method,
the algorithm for fitting the coordinate of the circle center of the cross-section circle by using the least square principle is as follows:
the standard equation form of the circle is shown in formula (2);
the distance from the first sampling point to the center of the circle, the area of the circle formed by the point and the center of the circle is s, if the area of the fitted circle is s, the area error calculation formula is formula (3),
let the area error sum of squares function be equation (4)
According to the least squares principle, there are:
the extreme value of a function is determined by the method of the function, so that the parameters a, b and r which obtain the minimum value satisfy the formula (5),
namely, formula (6)
Sort out the upper type, and order the formula (7)
The coordinates of the circle center can be obtained, see formula (8)
And step 3: fitting the axis of the insulator by using a least square method according to the fitted center of the section of the insulator;
the standard equation of the space straight line is shown in the formula (9),
the linear mapping equation is obtained by arrangement and is shown in the formula (10),
wherein:
thus, the straight line can be regarded as a straight line where the planes expressed by the two equations intersect, so that data fitting can be performed on the two equations, respectively. The residual sum of squares of these two equations is easily obtained, see equations (11), (12)
According to the principle of least squares, when the sum of squared residuals takes the minimum value, the values of a, b, c and d are the coefficients of the fitting equation, i.e. the equations (10) and (11) respectively calculate a derivative of a, b and c and d, and the following conditions are met
Then, the obtained values of a, b, c and d are the coefficients of the equation to be solved, and the equations (13) and (14) are obtained;
order type (15)
The formulae (13) and (14) can be written as formulae (16) and (17),
wherein
；
Solving the equation according to the m groups of data points can obtain the values of a, b, c and d.
And 4, step 4: according to the fitted coordinates of the center of the circle of the section of the insulator and an axis equation, a least square method is used for fitting a weighted axis,
the standard equation of the space straight line passing through the origin is shown in the formula (18);
similarly, a straight line projection equation can be obtained, see equation (19)
Residual sum of squares equations, see equations (20), (21);
The coefficients of the weighted centroid axis equation can be obtained by solving the equation based on the m sets of data points, see equation (22),
and 5: the compensation axis is fitted using a least squares method,
the linear equation is generally expressed in equation (23),
the sum of squares of the residuals is shown in formula (24),
according to the principle of least square, when the sum of the squares of the residual errors is minimum, the obtained coefficient is the equation coefficient, and the condition is satisfied
the expression for the compensation linear equation coefficients a, b can be further derived from equation (25), see equation (26),
the above-described calculation examples of the present invention are merely to explain the calculation model and the calculation flow of the present invention in detail, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications of the present invention can be made based on the above description, and it is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and all such modifications and variations are possible and contemplated as falling within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for detecting the geometric axis of an arc extinguish chamber of a circuit breaker is characterized by comprising the following steps: the detection method comprises the following steps: the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker is installed on the turntable of the measuring system of the surface profile point of the sleeve, the moving carriage of the three-coordinate measuring machine is connected with the measuring arm, the left end of the measuring arm is provided with a measuring head, the measuring head is contacted with the surface of the sleeve, and in the process that the turntable drives the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker to rotate, the measuring head adopts points in a scanning mode and provides moving increment in the x-axis direction, and the measuring head sequentially extends over the whole curved surface of the object to be measured;
the detection method of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker comprises the following steps:
(1) the casing contour data acquisition method comprises the steps of utilizing a casing surface profile point measurement system to record coordinate plane data layer by layer in a scanning point acquisition mode until the coordinate plane data is distributed over the whole curved surface of a measured object;
(2) the processing method of the surface point data of the sleeve comprises the steps of fitting a measuring result of a sleeve shape data acquisition method into a weighted compensation axis of a measured object by utilizing mathematical calculation, completing the detection of the geometric axis of the arc extinguish chamber of the circuit breaker, analyzing and calculating the measuring data, and fitting a circle center coordinate, an axis, a weighted axis and a weighted compensation axis of a cross-section circle by using the least square principle through the conversion of a cylindrical coordinate system and a rectangular coordinate system;
the geometric axis equation after the processing of the surface profile point data of the sleeve is as follows:
the expression of the linear equation coefficients a and b is as follows:
xi、、yirespectively the first sampling point
And m is the number of sampling points.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108534679A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of cylindrical member axis pose without target self-operated measuring unit and method |
| CN109780965A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-21 | 西安交通大学 | The more element detection devices in cylindrical surface and method based on concentric circles trellis traversal optimizing |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108534679A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-09-14 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of cylindrical member axis pose without target self-operated measuring unit and method |
| CN109780965A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-21 | 西安交通大学 | The more element detection devices in cylindrical surface and method based on concentric circles trellis traversal optimizing |
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