CN112253543A

CN112253543A - Volute, centrifugal fan applying volute and range hood

Info

Publication number: CN112253543A
Application number: CN202011061880.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程阳林; 吴灵辉
Original assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-30
Filing date: 2020-09-30
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-30
Also published as: CN112253543B

Abstract

The invention discloses a volute, which comprises a front cover plate, a rear cover plate and a ring wall arranged between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, wherein the front cover plate, the rear cover plate and the ring wall jointly enclose an air outlet, and a volute tongue is formed on the ring wall; the air outlet is provided with a front spacer and a rear spacer, the front spacer is close to the front cover plate, one end of the front spacer is close to the volute tongue, the other end of the front spacer is far away from the volute tongue, the rear spacer is close to the rear cover plate, one end of the rear spacer is close to the volute tongue, and the other end of the rear spacer is far away from the volute tongue; the volute is divided into three regions along the axial direction by the front spacer and the rear spacer, namely a first region positioned between the front cover plate and the front spacer, a second region positioned between the front spacer and the rear spacer and a third region positioned between the rear spacer and the rear cover plate; and structural members for reducing the flow area of the corresponding region are arranged in the first region and the third region. The centrifugal fan with the volute, the range hood with the centrifugal fan and the control method of the range hood are further disclosed.

Description

Volute, centrifugal fan applying volute and range hood

Technical Field

The invention relates to a power system, in particular to a volute, a centrifugal fan applying the volute and a range hood applying the centrifugal fan.

Background

The multi-wing centrifugal fan has the characteristics of high pressure, low noise and the like, so that the multi-wing centrifugal fan system is generally used as a power source in the society at present, and an impeller rotating at a high speed is utilized to complete two functions of acting and filtering in a volute. When the impeller rotates, negative pressure suction is generated in the center of the fan to suck the oil smoke below the range hood into the fan, and the oil smoke is accelerated by the fan and then is collected by the volute and guided to be discharged out of the room.

The front and back cover plates of the volute of the multi-wing centrifugal fan for the common range hood are designed to be planar. The double-air-inlet centrifugal fan disclosed in the Chinese patent with the application number of 201810569164.4 comprises a volute and a double-air-inlet impeller, wherein the volute comprises a front cover plate, a rear cover plate and a volute coaming, air inlets are formed in the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, an air outlet channel is connected to the volute coaming, and a volute tongue is arranged at a corner between the air outlet channel and the volute coaming.

Because of the defects of an air inlet mode (axial air inlet and radial air exhaust), the flow speed of the front cover plate, the rear cover plate and the middle disc of the multi-wing centrifugal fan is not uniform, the flow speed near the front cover plate and the rear cover plate is low, and a back vortex is easily formed at the volute tongue. The flat cover plate described above makes it difficult to improve flow unevenness of the front and rear disks.

Disclosure of Invention

The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a volute, which can effectively reduce the flow area near the front and rear cover plates and reduce the aerodynamic loss caused by the flow speed difference, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art.

The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a centrifugal fan applying the volute.

The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a range hood with the centrifugal fan.

The third technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a control method of the range hood.

The first technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a volute comprises a front cover plate, a rear cover plate and a circular wall arranged between the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, wherein an air outlet is formed by the front cover plate, the rear cover plate and the circular wall in a surrounding mode; the method is characterized in that: the air outlet is provided with a front spacer and a rear spacer, the front spacer is close to the front cover plate, one end of the front spacer is close to the volute tongue, the other end of the front spacer is far away from the volute tongue, the rear spacer is close to the rear cover plate, one end of the rear spacer is close to the volute tongue, and the other end of the rear spacer is far away from the volute tongue; the volute is divided into three regions along the axial direction by the front spacer and the rear spacer, wherein the three regions are respectively a first region positioned between the front cover plate and the front spacer, a second region positioned between the front spacer and the rear spacer and a third region positioned between the rear spacer and the rear cover plate; and structural members for reducing the flow area of the corresponding region are arranged in the first region and the third region.

Preferably, each structure is a movable part which can adjust the proportion of the corresponding area so as to respectively adjust the flow area of the first area and the third area, in order to adapt to different working conditions and thus more effectively reduce the flow loss.

Preferably, the flow area is changed by moving the plates, each structural member comprises a fixed plate and a first movable plate capable of translating in a direction close to or far away from the volute tongue, the fixed plate comprises a first plate facing to one side of the volute tongue and a second plate extending from the lower end of the first plate in a direction far away from the volute tongue, the first plate is matched with the volute tongue in shape, the first movable plate is in sliding connection with the second plate and at least partially staggered, and the other part of the first movable plate is bent upwards at one end far away from the second plate and extends longitudinally.

Furthermore, in order to stabilize the movement of the first movable plate, each structural member further comprises a second movable plate, a second plate also extends from the upper end of the first plate to a direction away from the volute tongue, a part of the second movable plate is slidably connected with the second plate above, the other part of the second movable plate bends downwards at one end away from the second plate and longitudinally extends, and the part bent upwards of the first movable plate is slidably connected with the part bent downwards of the second movable plate and at least partially staggered, so that the first movable plate and the second movable plate synchronously move in a direction close to or away from the volute tongue and can relatively lift.

Further, in order to automatically adjust the proportion of the structural members, each structural member further comprises a driving mechanism for driving the second movable plate to translate in a direction close to or far away from the volute tongue.

The distance between the front spacer and the front cover plate and the distance between the rear spacer and the rear cover plate are 1/6 of the width of the volute. The too small distance can not achieve the effect of reducing the vortex, and the too large distance can cause the area of the air outlet to be reduced and influence the flow of the air outlet.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the second technical problem is as follows: a centrifugal fan, its characterized in that: the volute is applied, an impeller is arranged in the volute, and the impeller comprises a front ring, a rear ring, a middle disc positioned between the front ring and the rear ring, and blades arranged between the front ring and the rear ring.

In order to lead the structural part to guide the airflow from the impeller to the air outlet and avoid the airflow from impacting the movable plate and the fixed plate to be disordered, when the structural part is provided with the fixed plate and the first movable plate, the shape formed by the first movable plate and the corresponding second plate is kept to be matched with the shape of the corresponding position of the periphery of the impeller, and the gap between the part of the first movable plate and the second plate in sliding connection and the impeller is kept to be equivalent to the volute tongue gap.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the third technical problem is as follows: a range hood, its characterized in that: a centrifugal fan as described above is applied.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the fourth technical problem is as follows: a control method of the range hood is characterized in that:

when the range hood is in a first gear, the proportion of the structural part in the first area and the second area is increased, so that the flow area near the front cover plate and the rear cover plate is reduced;

when the range hood is in the second gear, the proportion of the structural part in the first area and the second area is reduced, so that the flow area near the front cover plate and the rear cover plate is increased.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: by arranging the structural members near the front cover plate and the rear cover plate, the flow area in the flow channel can be changed by occupying a certain flow channel, so that the flow speed at the front cover plate and the rear cover plate can be increased, the pneumatic loss caused by the flow speed difference in the double-inlet air and near the volute tongue of the middle disk can be reduced, and volute tongue molded lines (the translation of the first movable plate, the arc shape formed by the first movable plate and the fixed plate together is changed, which is equivalent to the change of the volute tongue molded lines at the corresponding positions) can be respectively designed according to the flow states at the front cover plate, the rear cover plate and the middle disk of the volute and are more suitable for the flow characteristics of; and under different gears, the flow states of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the volute are different, and the flow state of the volute air outlet is optimized by controlling more adaptive inlet and outlet volute tongue parameters under different gears.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a centrifugal fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a centrifugal fan according to an embodiment of the present invention with a front cover plate and a flange hidden;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hidden back cover plate of a centrifugal fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a centrifugal fan in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a low-gear operating state of the centrifugal fan according to the embodiment of the present invention (with the front cover hidden);

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a working state of a high gear of the centrifugal fan according to the embodiment of the present invention (hidden front cover plate).

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and that the directional terms are used for purposes of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting, for example, because the disclosed embodiments of the present invention may be oriented in different directions, "lower" is not necessarily limited to a direction opposite to or coincident with the direction of gravity. Furthermore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a centrifugal fan includes a volute 1, an impeller 2 disposed in the volute 1, and a motor 3 for driving the impeller 2 to rotate.

The volute 1 comprises a front cover plate 11, a rear cover plate 12 and a ring wall 13 arranged between the front cover plate 11 and the rear cover plate 12, wherein a first air inlet 111 is formed in the front cover plate 11, an air outlet 14 of the volute 1 is defined by the front cover plate 11, the rear cover plate 12 and the ring wall 13 together, a volute tongue 15 is formed on the ring wall 13, and a flange 18 is arranged at the air outlet 14 and used for being fixed with an external installation base (such as a fan frame when being used for a range hood). The following orientation is defined in a state where the scroll casing 1 is placed with the outlet port 14 facing upward.

The impeller 2 includes a front ring 21, a rear ring 22, a center disk 23 between the front ring 21 and the rear ring 22, and blades 24 disposed between the front ring 21 and the rear ring 22. The rear cover plate 12 of the volute 1 is provided with a second air inlet 121, so that a double air inlet structure is formed.

A front spacer 161 and a rear spacer 162 are arranged at the air outlet 14, the front spacer 161 is close to the front cover plate 11, the front spacer 161 extends between two opposite sides of the air outlet 14, one end of the front spacer is close to the volute tongue 15, and the other end of the front spacer is far away from the volute tongue 15; the rear spacer 162 is adjacent the rear cover plate 12, and the rear spacer 162 extends between opposite sides of the outlet 14 with one end adjacent the volute tongue 15 and the other end remote from the volute tongue 15. The front and

rear spacers

161 and 162 are preferably parallel to each other, and both the front and

rear spacers

161 and 162 have a certain gap from the impeller 2.

By providing the front partition 161 and the rear partition 162, the scroll casing 1 can be divided into three regions in the axial direction, i.e., a first region Q1 between the front shroud 11 and the front partition 161, a second region Q2 between the front partition 161 and the rear partition 162, and a third region Q3 between the rear partition 162 and the rear shroud 12.

The distance between the front spacer 161 and the front cover plate 11 and the distance between the rear spacer 162 and the rear cover plate 12 may preferably be 1/6 of the width (the dimension in the front-rear direction, i.e., the distance between the front cover plate 11 and the rear cover plate 12) of the scroll casing 1, and in this embodiment, the width of the scroll casing 1 is 180mm, the distance between the front spacer 161 and the front cover plate 11 is 30mm, and the distance between the rear spacer 162 and the rear cover plate 12 is 30 mm. Too small distance cannot achieve the effect of reducing vortex, and too large distance can cause the area of the air outlet 14 to be reduced and influence the flow of the air outlet 14.

The volute 1 also comprises two structural elements 17 for reducing the flow area, one of which is arranged in the first region Q1 between the front cover plate 11 and the front partition 161 and the other of which is arranged in the third region Q3 between the rear cover plate 12 and the rear partition 162. Both structural members 17 are disposed adjacent to the volute tongue 15. The structural member 17 may be a fastener.

In the present embodiment, in order to adjust the flow area according to the actual working condition, and thus to reduce the flow loss better, the structural member 17 is a movable member, and the ratio of the structural member in the corresponding region can be adjusted. Each structural member 17 includes a fixed plate 171, a second movable plate 173, a first movable plate 172, and a driving mechanism 174. The fixing plate 171 is roughly U-shaped and is open at one side far away from the volute tongue 15, the fixing plate 171 comprises a first plate 1711 facing one side of the volute tongue 15 and a second plate 1712 extending from the upper end and the lower end of the first plate 1711 in the direction far away from the volute tongue 15, and the first plate 1711 is matched with the volute tongue 15 in shape. The second movable plate 173 is substantially L-shaped, and a portion thereof extends transversely like the upper second plate 1712 and is slidably connected to the second plate 1712, and another portion thereof is bent downward at an end away from the second plate 1712 and extends longitudinally. The first movable plate 172 is substantially V-shaped, and a portion thereof extends longitudinally as the downwardly bent portion of the second movable plate 172, and another portion thereof extends transversely as the lower second plate 1712 and is slidably connected to the second plate 1712 and at least partially overlaps therewith. The second movable plate 173 and the first movable plate 172 are slidably connected at longitudinally extending portions and are at least partially staggered. The first movable plate 172 and the second plate 1712 have a shape that matches the shape of the corresponding position of the outer periphery of the impeller 2, that is, the shape formed by the first movable plate 172 and the second plate 1712 is arc.

The driving mechanism 174 is a linear driving module, in this embodiment, an electric push rod, and the output end thereof is connected to the second movable plate 173, so as to drive the second movable plate 173 or the first movable plate 172 to slide in the transverse direction, and further move closer to or away from the worm 15. Since the first movable plate 172 is lifted up and down to some extent during the translation process, the driving mechanism 174 is connected to the second movable plate 173, and when the driving mechanism 174 drives the second movable plate 173 to translate, the driving mechanism can drive the first movable plate 172 to translate synchronously, and during the process, the first movable plate 172 is lifted up and down simultaneously. Therefore, in the process of translation, the gap between the part of the first movable plate 172 slidably connected with the second plate 1712 and the impeller 2 can be always kept equivalent to the volute tongue gap (the distance between the volute tongue 15 and the impeller 2), which is preferably 13.5mm in the embodiment, and the gap is too small, so that the noise is increased; too large a gap increases leakage loss, resulting in reduced flow.

Structural member 17 may also include a power pack 175 for controlling drive mechanism 174, and power pack 175 may be secured to either front spacer 161 or rear spacer 162 in the corresponding position.

Referring to fig. 5, when the range hood is in the first gear, the output end of the electric push rod moves leftward (the second movable plate 173 and the first movable plate 172 move horizontally in a direction away from the volute tongue 15), so as to reduce the flow area near the front cover plate 11 and the rear cover plate 12, and weaken the vortex of the air outlet 14 near the volute tongue 15.

Referring to fig. 6, when the range hood is in the second gear, the output end of the electric push rod moves left and right (the second movable plate 173 and the first movable plate 172 move horizontally in a direction approaching the volute tongue 15), so that the flow area near the front cover plate 11 and the rear cover plate 12 is increased, and blocking is prevented. The second gear is higher than the first gear, the first gear can correspond to the low gear of the range hood, and the second gear can correspond to the high gear of the range hood.

Claims

1. A volute comprises a front cover plate (11), a rear cover plate (12) and a ring wall (13) arranged between the front cover plate (11) and the rear cover plate (12), wherein the front cover plate (11), the rear cover plate (12) and the ring wall (13) jointly enclose to form an air outlet (14), a volute tongue (15) is formed on the ring wall (13), a first air inlet (111) is formed in the front cover plate (11) of the volute, and a second air inlet (121) is formed in the rear cover plate (12), so that a double-air inlet structure is formed; the method is characterized in that: a front spacer (161) and a rear spacer (162) are arranged at the air outlet (14), the front spacer (161) is close to the front cover plate (11), one end of the front spacer (161) is close to the volute tongue (15) and the other end is far away from the volute tongue (15), the rear spacer (162) is close to the rear cover plate (12), one end of the rear spacer (162) is close to the volute tongue (15) and the other end is far away from the volute tongue (15); the front partition sheet (161) and the rear partition sheet (162) divide the volute into three regions along the axial direction, namely a first region (Q1) located between the front cover plate (11) and the front partition sheet (161), a second region (Q2) located between the front partition sheet (161) and the rear partition sheet (162), and a third region (Q3) located between the rear partition sheet (162) and the rear cover plate (12); structural members (17) for reducing the flow area of the corresponding region are arranged in the first region (Q1) and the third region (Q3).

2. The spiral casing of claim 1 wherein: each structure (17) is a movable element capable of adjusting the proportion of the corresponding zone, so as to adjust the flow area of the first zone (Q1) and the third zone (Q3) respectively.

3. The spiral casing of claim 2 wherein: each structural member (17) comprises a fixed plate (171) and a first movable plate (172) capable of translating in a direction close to the volute tongue (15) or far away from the volute tongue (15), wherein the fixed plate (171) comprises a first plate (1711) facing one side of the volute tongue (15) and a second plate (1712) extending from the lower end of the first plate (1711) to the direction far away from the volute tongue (15), the first plate (1711) is matched with the shape of the volute tongue (15), part of the first movable plate (172) is in sliding connection with the second plate (1712) and is at least partially staggered, and the other part of the first movable plate is bent upwards at one end far away from the second plate (1712) and extends longitudinally.

4. The spiral casing of claim 3 wherein: each structural member (17) further comprises a second movable plate (173), a second plate (1712) also extends from the upper end of the first plate (1711) in the direction away from the worm tongue (15), a part of the second movable plate (173) is slidably connected with the second plate (1712) above, the other part of the second movable plate is bent downwards at the end away from the second plate (1712) and longitudinally extends, and the part bent upwards of the first movable plate (172) is slidably connected with the part bent downwards of the second movable plate (173) and at least partially staggered, so that the first movable plate (172) and the second movable plate (173) synchronously move in the direction close to the worm tongue (15) or away from the worm tongue (15) and can be lifted and lowered relatively.

5. The spiral casing of claim 4 wherein: each structural member (17) further comprises a drive mechanism 174 for driving the second movable plate (173) to translate in a direction towards or away from the volute tongue (15).

6. The spiral casing according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the distance between the front spacer (161) and the front cover plate (11) and the distance between the rear spacer (162) and the rear cover plate (12) are 1/6 of the width of the volute.

7. A centrifugal fan, its characterized in that: a volute to be used according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein an impeller (2) is arranged in the volute, and the impeller (2) comprises a front ring (21), a rear ring (22), a middle disc (23) between the front ring (21) and the rear ring (22), and vanes (24) arranged between the front ring (21) and the rear ring (22).

8. The centrifugal fan of claim 7, wherein: when the structural member (17) is provided with the fixed plate (171) and the first movable plate (172), the shape formed by the first movable plate (172) and the corresponding second plate (1712) is matched with the shape of the corresponding position of the periphery of the impeller (2), and the gap between the part of the first movable plate (172) in sliding connection with the second plate (1712) and the impeller (2) is kept equivalent to the volute tongue gap.

9. A range hood, its characterized in that: use of a centrifugal fan according to claim 7 or 8.

10. A control method of a range hood as claimed in claim 9, wherein:

when the range hood is in a first gear, the proportion of the structural part (17) in the first region (Q1) and the second region (Q2) is increased, so that the flow area near the front cover plate (11) and the rear cover plate (12) is reduced;

when the range hood is in the second gear, the proportion of the structural member (17) in the first area (Q1) and the second area (Q2) is reduced, so that the flow area near the front cover plate (11) and the rear cover plate (12) is increased.