CN112251615A - Method and device for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting - Google Patents
Method and device for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Pb] LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 flux Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940056932 lead sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052981 lead sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, mixing materials according to the requirements of a lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain a mixed material after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%; step 2, performing pressing treatment on the mixture obtained in the step 1 to obtain oblate-shaped furnace-entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm; and 3, carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the furnace-entering granules obtained in the step 2, and realizing the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust. The method or the device can reduce the moisture brought by the raw materials and reduce the smelting smoke dust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pyrometallurgical lead smelting, and particularly relates to a method and a device for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting.
Background
The main equipment for the direct lead smelting process generally includes a bottom-blown furnace, a reduction furnace (bottom-blown or side-blown furnace) and a fuming furnace. The bottom blowing furnace is mainly used for converting lead sulfide and the like in raw materials into oxides, heating and melting the oxides to form high-lead slag and produce partial metal lead liquid; the high lead slag enters a reduction furnace (bottom blowing or side blowing furnace), and is reduced by adding carbon, so that lead oxide in the lead slag is converted into lead, and the rest unreduced substances and the added flux are converted into slag and separated from metallic lead; the slag produced by the reduction furnace also contains zinc and the like, and the zinc is recovered through the fuming furnace.
The raw materials for direct lead smelting comprise lead concentrate, lead-containing slag, smelting dust, lead-silver slag and the like, and mainly exist in the form of powder, wherein the granularity of the returned smelting dust is finer. If the furnace burden is not treated, the furnace burden is easy to escape along with the flue gas in the form of dust again during smelting, so that the content of the dust in the flue gas is high, the utilization rate of smelting raw materials is influenced, the pressure is increased for a dust removal system, and the economic and technical indexes of production are further influenced. In the furnace burden, the water content of lead concentrate, lead silver slag and the like is higher and can reach 20 percent at high because water is added in the production process or the lead concentrate, the lead silver slag and the like react in an aqueous solution. The smelting dust is mostly dedusted by a dry method, and the moisture content is low; in order to reduce the escape amount of dust along with smoke, the modes of blending, mixing and granulating are mostly adopted at present, the mixing and granulating are carried out in a roller mixer, and the granulated furnace burden is added into a bottom blowing furnace. According to relevant determination, the moisture content of the charging material adopting the process can reach 14-17%. Although the granulation can be improved and the dust can be restrained by excessively high moisture content, the moisture is evaporated and absorbs heat after entering the furnace, a large amount of energy is consumed, particularly, in recent years, the addition amount of miscellaneous materials (such as lead silver slag, dust, lead-containing slag material and the like) for lead smelting is increased, the heat income of the bottom blowing furnace is insufficient, and other heat sources have to be adopted for supplement. How to open a source and throttle and ensure that the overall heat balance of bottom blowing smelting is maintained at a reasonable level is an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, the moisture in the flue gas reacts with sulfur dioxide in the flue gas to generate an acidic product, which can aggravate the corrosion of equipment of the flue gas system.
In conclusion, it is of great importance to reduce the amount of loose fines (in particular fine-grained loose fines) in the charge and to reduce the moisture content of the charge by appropriate measures.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for controlling moisture content of raw materials and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting, and aims to solve the problems of high moisture content of the raw materials entering a furnace and high smelting dust amount in the existing bottom blowing furnace smelting process. The method or the device can reduce the moisture brought by the raw materials, reduce the smelting smoke dust, and achieve the aims of saving energy, reducing consumption and improving the smelting environment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials according to the requirements of a lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain a mixed material after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%;
step 2, performing pressing treatment on the mixture obtained in the step 1 to obtain oblate-shaped furnace-entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm;
and 3, carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the furnace-entering granules obtained in the step 2, and realizing the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
The further improvement of the invention is that in the step 1, the ingredients are mixed according to the requirements of the lead bottom blowing smelting process, and the concrete steps of obtaining the mixed materials after the ingredients comprise:
step 1.1, drying lead concentrate and lead-silver slag to obtain a dried product; crushing the flux, the pyrite and the lead-containing slag to obtain a crushed product;
step 1.2, uniformly mixing the dried product, the crushed product and the ash to obtain a mixed material;
and step 1.3, supplementing water to the mixed material, and forcibly mixing uniformly to obtain the mixed material after mixing.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step 1.1, a roller dryer is adopted for drying; crushing by adopting grinding equipment; in the step 1.3, a ball mill, a double-shaft mixer or a double-roller mixer is adopted for forced mixing.
The invention has the further improvement that in the step 2, a double-roller ball press machine is adopted for pressing.
The invention is further improved in that in the step 1, when the moistening and grinding is not adopted, the granularity of the burden used for proportioning is less than or equal to 0.355 mm.
The invention relates to a raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for lead bottom blowing smelting, which comprises:
the mixture obtaining system is used for mixing materials according to the requirements of the lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain mixed materials after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%;
the furnace entering granule acquisition system is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate-shaped furnace entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm;
and the bottom blowing smelting furnace is used for carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the obtained furnace-entering granules so as to realize the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
A further development of the invention consists in that the mix acquisition system comprises:
the roller dryer is used for drying the lead concentrate and the lead-silver slag to obtain a dried product;
the grinding equipment is used for crushing the solvent, the pyrite and the lead-containing slag to obtain a crushed product;
the storage bin and the batching device are used for uniformly mixing the dried product, the crushed product and the ash to obtain a mixed material;
and the ball mill, the double-shaft mixer or the double-roller mixer is used for adding water into the mixture and forcibly mixing the mixture uniformly to obtain the mixed material after mixing.
In a further improvement of the present invention, the furnace-entering pellet-taking system comprises: and the double-roller ball press is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate furnace-entering granules.
The invention is further improved in that in the mixture obtaining system, when the wet grinding is not adopted, the granularity of the burden used for batching is less than or equal to 0.355 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the control method provided by the invention can effectively control the moisture content of the fed material, and can reduce the moisture content of the fed material in the furnace of 12-17% to below 10% in the prior art; the invention can not only avoid the evaporation heat loss of excessive water, but also obviously reduce the smoke quantity and the water in the smoke, reduce the corrosion of smoke system equipment, and improve the dust removal of the smoke and the subsequent operation conditions of the sulfur dioxide acid making system. The method can reduce the moisture brought by the raw materials, reduce the smelting smoke dust, and achieve the aims of saving energy, reducing consumption and improving the smelting environment.
The method of the invention can fully utilize various process equipment and industrial plants of the existing process method, only the roller mixer of the existing process needs to be replaced by a ball mill or a double-roller mixer, a double-roller material press is additionally arranged at the upper section of the blanking channel below the mixer, and the pressed granular materials directly fall into the bottom blowing furnace, thus the feasibility is high.
According to the method, the furnace-entering granules obtained by pressing directly fall into the bottom blowing furnace, the compression strength and the falling strength of the granules can meet the requirements of transportation and falling of raw materials before entering the furnace, and the production amount of smelting dust is small; and because the moisture content in the material particles is reduced, violent 'blasting type' evaporation reaction (which can aggravate dust generation) can not be generated when the material particles fall into a high-temperature bottom blowing furnace molten pool above 1100 ℃, the material particles are quickly dissolved into slag to carry out oxidation reaction, and the escape amount of smoke dust is obviously reduced.
In the method, the particle size of the pressed particles is uniform, the particles do not agglomerate after entering the furnace, the overall reactivity is good, and the method is beneficial to improving the furnace condition and the comprehensive technical and economic indexes. The embodiment proves that although the method increases the cost of pressing the granules, because the moisture of the fed materials is reduced and the generation amount of smelting dust is reduced, the energy can be saved by 8-15 percent after the method is adopted to smelt ton lead, and the generation amount of the dust is reduced by 10-25 percent on the basis of the original process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art are briefly introduced below; it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for lead bottom-blowing smelting according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical effect and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following clearly and completely describes the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention; it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments, which can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the disclosed embodiments without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for controlling moisture content and smelting dust of raw materials for bottom-blowing lead smelting according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
proportioning according to the lead smelting process requirement, including lead concentrate, lead-containing slag, lead-containing dust and the like, controlling the moisture of the proportioned mixture, and not supplementing water for wetting before granulation; and controlling the granularity of the raw materials, particularly flux, pyrite, lead-containing slag and the like; wherein, the mixing can be carried out by adopting a ball mill for wet grinding or a double-roller mixer for mixing; a pair-roll pressing machine can be adopted for pressing.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10 percent; wherein, if the moisture content of the charging material is too high, a drum dryer can be adopted to remove part of the moisture.
In the embodiment of the invention, the granularity of various charging materials for batching is generally below 0.355mm (50 meshes).
In the embodiment of the invention, a ball mill is adopted for wet grinding or a pair roller mixer is adopted for mixing materials; according to the existing process, a ball mill or a pair-roller mixer is arranged on the platform of the existing roller mixing and granulating machine; the process of wet grinding by adopting a ball mill can be properly relaxed in the aspect of controlling the granularity of raw materials, but the granularity of the ingredients is not more than 1 mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pressing is performed by pre-compacting and then rolling. The pair roller pressing adopts hydraulic pressure to adjust pressing force, and the range of the pressing force is 5-40 MPa.
In the embodiment of the invention, a pair-roller pressing machine is adopted for pressing; a double-roller ball press is additionally arranged below the ball mill, namely above a blanking pipeline in the prior art. The pressing adopts pre-compacting and then roller pressing. The pair roller pressing adopts hydraulic pressure to adjust pressing force, and the range of the pressing force is 5-40 MPa. The particle size of the pressed product is 8-25mm (the specific particle size can be set according to the process requirement). Because the pair-roller mixer has the pre-compacting function, the materials can be directly pressed after being mixed; the materials ground by the ball mill need to be pre-compacted and then pressed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the raw material particles obtained by pressing are oblate; from the metallurgical reaction kinetics, the smaller the pressed particle size is, the better, the thickness direction is not more than 16mm, and the width direction is not more than 30mm (the specific particle size can be set according to the process requirement); alternatively, the oblate spheroidal particle has a thickness of not more than 15mm and a width of not more than 30 mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 4-10%.
In conclusion, the invention provides a method for controlling the moisture content of raw materials and smelting dust in the lead bottom-blowing smelting, and solves the problems of high moisture content of the raw materials entering the furnace and large quantity of smelting dust in the existing bottom-blowing furnace smelting process. The basic idea of the method is to control the moisture content in the raw materials, and adopt a pressing process to strengthen granulation, so as to achieve the purposes of reducing the moisture content of the fed materials and inhibiting the dust from dissipating along with the flue gas. In addition, in the aspect of process and equipment selection, the space of the existing process arrangement is fully utilized, the technical improvement of enterprises is facilitated, the investment is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. The control method provided by the invention can effectively control the moisture content of the fed materials, can reduce the moisture content of 12-17% of the fed materials in the prior art to be less than 10% after the implementation of the invention, not only can avoid the evaporation heat loss of excessive moisture, but also can obviously reduce the smoke quantity and the moisture in the smoke, reduce the corrosion of smoke system equipment, and improve the operation conditions of smoke dust removal and a subsequent sulfur dioxide acid making system. The water control in the batching process can be balanced according to the water content of different raw materials, and water pumping is not needed to be supplemented. The invention can fully utilize various process equipment and industrial plants of the prior art, and only needs to replace a roller mixer of the prior art with a ball mill or a double-roller mixer, a double-roller material pressing machine is additionally arranged at the upper section of a blanking channel below the mixer, and pressed granules directly fall into a bottom blowing furnace. The furnace-entering granules obtained by pressing directly fall into the bottom blowing furnace, the compression strength and the falling strength of the granules can meet the requirements of transportation and falling of raw materials before entering the furnace, and the dust generation amount is small; and because the moisture content in the material particles is reduced, violent 'blasting type' evaporation reaction (which can aggravate dust generation) can not be generated when the material particles fall into a high-temperature bottom blowing furnace molten pool above 1100 ℃, the material particles are quickly dissolved into slag to carry out oxidation reaction, and the escape amount of smoke dust is obviously reduced. The granules pressed by the invention have uniform granularity, do not agglomerate after entering the furnace, have good overall reactivity and are beneficial to improving the furnace condition and the comprehensive technical and economic indexes. In conclusion, although the cost of pressing the particles is increased, because the moisture of the fed materials is reduced and the dust generation amount is reduced, after the technology is adopted, the energy can be saved by 8-15 percent when the lead is smelted per ton, and the dust generation amount is reduced by 10-25 percent on the basis of the original technology.
Referring to fig. 2, a raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for bottom-blowing lead smelting according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the mixture obtaining system is used for mixing materials according to the requirements of the lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain mixed materials after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%;
the furnace entering granule acquisition system is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate-shaped furnace entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm;
and the bottom blowing smelting furnace is used for carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the obtained furnace-entering granules so as to realize the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
Preferably, the mix obtaining system comprises:
the roller dryer is used for drying the lead concentrate and the lead-silver slag to obtain a dried product;
the grinding equipment is used for crushing the solvent, the pyrite and the lead-containing slag to obtain a crushed product;
the storage bin and the batching device are used for uniformly mixing the dried product, the crushed product and the ash to obtain a mixed material;
and the ball mill, the double-shaft mixer or the double-roller mixer is used for adding water into the mixture and forcibly mixing the mixture uniformly to obtain the mixed material after mixing.
Preferably, the furnace-entering pellet obtaining system comprises: and the double-roller ball press is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate furnace-entering granules.
Example 1
The method for controlling the raw material moisture and smelting dust in the lead bottom blowing smelting comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials according to the requirements of a lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain a mixed material after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for burdening is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2%;
step 2, performing pressing treatment on the mixture obtained in the step 1 to obtain oblate-shaped furnace-entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is 30 mm;
and 3, carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the furnace-entering granules obtained in the step 2, and realizing the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
Wherein, a ball milling and moistening mill, a double-shaft mixer or a double-roller mixer are adopted to carry out forced mixing. Pressing by a pair of roller ball press.
Example 2
The method for controlling the raw material moisture and the smelting dust in the lead bottom blowing smelting of the embodiment of the invention is only different from the method in the embodiment 1 in that the granularity of the furnace burden used for proportioning is below 0.355mm when no wet grinding is adopted; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 4%; the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 30 MPa; the thickness direction of the charging granules is 15mm, and the width direction is 25 mm.
Example 3
The raw material moisture and smelting dust control method for lead bottom blowing smelting of the embodiment of the invention is only different from the embodiment 1 in that the granularity of the burden used for proportioning is 0.5 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 5%; the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 25 MPa; the thickness direction of the charging granules is 13mm, and the width direction is 20 mm.
Example 4
The raw material moisture and smelting dust control method for lead bottom blowing smelting of the embodiment of the invention is only different from the method of the embodiment 1 in that the granularity of furnace burden used for burdening is below 0.2mm when the wet grinding is not adopted; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 10%; the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5 MPa; the thickness direction of the charging granules is 5mm, and the width direction is 5 mm.
Example 5 year production 6 ten thousand tons of lead bullion lead-containing miscellaneous material comprehensive utilization enterprise technology transformation:
(1) basic conditions are as follows: the comprehensive utilization enterprise produces ten thousand tons of crude lead annually by taking various lead-containing materials as raw materials, and the raw materials mainly comprise lead concentrate, lead silver slag, lead-containing dust (mainly comprising dust of a bottom blowing furnace and a reduction furnace), a flux (quartz sand), sulfur, pyrite and the like. The main production equipment comprises: the bottom blowing furnace is mainly used for melting and oxidizing raw materials, and no lead bullion is produced in the process; the side-blown reduction furnace is used for carrying out high lead slag reduction to obtain crude lead; and the fuming furnace is mainly used for recovering zinc in the reduced furnace slag. Wherein the water content of the charge fed into the bottom blowing furnace is 14-17 percent, and the dust output is 12-15 percent of the charge fed into the bottom blowing furnace.
(2) The application mode is as follows: by adopting the method, the materials are mixed according to the lead smelting process requirement, and the water content of the mixture is controlled to be 8-10%; because the water content of the lead-silver slag is too high and can reach 18 to 20 percent, the water content of the lead-silver slag is controlled to be 10 to 12 percent by adopting a drum dryer; the particle size of various furnace materials for batching is below 0.355mm (50 meshes). Except quartz sand, other materials meet the requirement of granularity, and the quartz sand is mixed after ore grinding.
The roller mixing and the granulator are replaced by the roller mixing of a double-roller mixer. The double-roller mixer is arranged on the platform of the existing roller mixing and granulating machine. A pair roller ball press is additionally arranged below the pair roller mixer. The pressing adopts pre-compacting and then roller pressing. The pair roller pressing adopts hydraulic pressure to adjust the pressing force, and the range of the pressing force is 5-15 MPa. The pressed product is oblate spherical, and the size of the pressed product in the thickness direction is about 15mm and the width direction is about 20 mm.
All the other devices are utilized and are not changed.
(3) The application result is as follows: the equipment transformation can be completed only by consuming 28 days by utilizing the blow-out overhaul time of the bottom blowing furnace, and the running condition is good after the equipment is put into production. The granule can meet the requirements of transportation and falling strength in the production process, and although the cost of pressing the granules is increased, the water content of the fed material is reduced, the dust generation amount is reduced, and good economic and environmental benefits are obtained. After the technology is adopted, the moisture in the furnace is reduced to 8-10% from the original 14-17%, and the energy is saved by 12% during smelting ton lead; the dust production is reduced by 15 percent on the basis of the original process, the dust output is reduced to 10 to 12 percent from 12 to 15 percent of the original charge quantity, and the dilemma that the dust output of an enterprise production system is large and is difficult to balance is effectively solved.
Example 6 application of a smelter producing 20 ten thousand tons of lead bullion in the year:
(1) basic conditions are as follows: the raw materials mainly comprise lead concentrate, lead-containing dust (mainly comprising dust of a bottom blowing furnace and a reducing furnace), a fusing agent (quartz sand), pyrite and the like. The main production equipment comprises: one bottom blowing furnace is mainly used for melting and oxidizing raw materials to produce part of crude lead; the first bottom blowing reduction furnace is used for reducing the high lead slag to obtain crude lead; and the fuming furnace is mainly used for recovering zinc in the reduced furnace slag. Wherein the water content of the charging materials fed into the bottom blowing furnace is 12-15 percent, and the dust output is 10-13 percent of the charging amount.
(2) The application mode is as follows: by adopting the method of the embodiment of the invention, the materials are mixed according to the lead smelting process requirements of enterprises, and the water content of the mixture is controlled according to 8%; the burden is made of various furnace materials, except quartz sand and pyrite, other particle sizes are very fine. The grain size of the quartz sand and the pyrite fed into the factory is controlled below 0.25mm (65 meshes).
A ball mill is selected for carrying out wet grinding and mixing, and a pair of roller ball press machines are additionally arranged below a discharge port of the ball mill. The ball mill and the double-roller ball press are arranged at lower positions, and the pressed material particles are directly conveyed to a charging opening at the top of the furnace through a belt. The pressing adopts pre-compacting and then roller pressing. The pair roller pressing adopts hydraulic pressure to adjust the pressing force, and the range of the pressing force is 5-40 MPa. The pressed product is oblate spherical, and has a thickness direction dimension of about 15mm and a width direction dimension of about 25 mm. The rest of the equipment is the same as the traditional process.
(3) The application result is as follows: the granule can meet the requirements of transportation and falling strength in the production process, the running condition is stable after the granule is put into production, and good economic and technical indexes are obtained. Because the height of the bottom-blowing furnace factory building is reduced after the technology is adopted, the capacity of a flue gas treatment system is correspondingly reduced, the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is improved, the investment of a dust removal and acid making system is reduced, and the total investment of an enterprise is reduced compared with that of the traditional process. After the technology is adopted, the moisture in the furnace is reduced to 8-9% from the original 12-15%, and the energy is saved by 10% during smelting ton lead; the dust production is reduced by about 10 percent on the basis of the original process, and the dust production is reduced to about 10 percent from 10 to 13 percent of the original charge quantity.
Example 7 technical revamping of a smelter producing 15 ten thousand tons of lead bullion:
(1) basic conditions are as follows: the raw materials mainly comprise lead concentrate, lead-containing dust (mainly comprising dust of a bottom blowing furnace and a reducing furnace), a fusing agent (quartz sand), pyrite and the like. The main production equipment comprises: one bottom blowing furnace is mainly used for melting and oxidizing raw materials to produce part of crude lead; the first bottom blowing reduction furnace is used for reducing the high lead slag to obtain crude lead; and the fuming furnace is mainly used for recovering zinc in the reduced furnace slag. Wherein the water content of the charging materials fed into the bottom blowing furnace is 12-14 percent, and the dust output is 9-12 percent of the charging amount.
(2) The application mode is as follows: proportioning according to the lead smelting process requirements of enterprises, and controlling the water content of the mixture according to 10%; the granularity of the lead concentrate entering the factory and the granularity of the returned dust are fine, the granularity detection and control are carried out aiming at quartz sand, pyrite and other miscellaneous materials, and suppliers are required to provide products with the granularity of less than 0.15mm (100 meshes). The roller mixing and the granulator are replaced by the roller mixing of a double-roller mixer. The double-roller mixer is arranged on the platform of the existing roller mixing and granulating machine. A pair roller ball press is additionally arranged below the pair roller mixer. The pressing adopts pre-compacting and then roller pressing. The pair roller pressing adopts hydraulic pressure to adjust the pressing force, the range of the pressing force is 5-40MPa, and the actual use pressure is 10-18 MPa. The pressed product is oblate spherical, and has a thickness direction dimension of about 12mm and a width direction dimension of about 26 mm. The rest of the equipment is the same as the traditional process.
(3) The application result is as follows: the granule can meet the requirements of transportation and falling strength in the production process, the running condition is stable after the granule is put into production, and good economic and technical indexes are obtained. The investment is expected to be recovered in half a year. Due to the adoption of the technology, the capacity of the flue gas treatment system is correspondingly reduced, the concentration of the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is improved, and the problem of insufficient capacity of a flue gas dust removal system and an acid making system existing in enterprise production for a long time is effectively solved. After the technology is adopted, the moisture in the furnace is reduced to 9-10% from the original 12-14%, and the energy is saved by 10-15% when the lead is smelted per ton; the dust production is reduced by about 10 percent on the basis of the original process, and the dust production is reduced to 8 to 10 percent from 9 to 12 percent of the original charge quantity.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom-blowing smelting, wherein the moisture and the granularity of a mixture are controlled, and a pressing granulator is adopted to strengthen granulation, so that the moisture of charging materials is reduced, the output of flue gas is reduced, and the concentration of sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is improved; the stability and the strength of the particles entering the furnace charge are improved, and the output of the smelting dust of the bottom blowing furnace is reduced. Because the evaporation and heat absorption of the moisture in the furnace are reduced, and the smoke gas amount and the dust output amount are reduced, the pressure of the environment-friendly facility can be reduced, the high-efficiency operation of an acid making system is facilitated, and the obvious energy-saving and consumption-reducing effects are achieved. The technology can be used for new plant construction, and the investment is very small and the technology is expected to be recovered in a short period; the device can also be used for the transformation of the prior art, can utilize the prior facilities to the maximum extent, and only needs to replace a local part, namely a roller mixing and granulating machine with a ball mill or a double-roller mixer, and additionally arrange a double-roller granulating machine below the roller mixing and granulating machine. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom blowing smelting is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, mixing materials according to the requirements of a lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain a mixed material after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%;
step 2, performing pressing treatment on the mixture obtained in the step 1 to obtain oblate-shaped furnace-entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm;
and 3, carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the furnace-entering granules obtained in the step 2, and realizing the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
2. The method for controlling the raw material moisture and the smelting dust in the lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the ingredients are mixed according to the requirements of the lead bottom-blowing smelting process, and the concrete step of obtaining the mixed material after the ingredients comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, drying lead concentrate and lead-silver slag to obtain a dried product; crushing the flux, the pyrite and the lead-containing slag to obtain a crushed product;
step 1.2, uniformly mixing the dried product, the crushed product and the ash to obtain a mixed material;
and step 1.3, supplementing water to the mixed material, and forcibly mixing uniformly to obtain the mixed material after mixing.
3. The method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 2,
in the step 1.1, a roller dryer is adopted for drying; crushing by adopting grinding equipment;
in the step 1.3, a ball mill, a double-shaft mixer or a double-roller mixer is adopted for forced mixing.
4. The method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, a double-roller ball press is adopted for pressing.
5. The method for controlling raw material moisture and smelting dust in lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the particle size of the burden used for batching is not more than 0.355mm when no wet grinding is adopted.
6. The utility model provides a raw materials moisture and smelting dust controlling means that lead bottom-blown is smelted which characterized in that includes:
the mixture obtaining system is used for mixing materials according to the requirements of the lead bottom blowing smelting process to obtain mixed materials after mixing; wherein the granularity of furnace burden used for batching is less than or equal to 1 mm; the moisture content of the mixture is controlled to be 2-10%;
the furnace entering granule acquisition system is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate-shaped furnace entering granules; wherein the pressing force range of the pressing treatment is 5-40 MPa; the thickness direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 16mm, and the width direction of the furnace-entering granules is less than or equal to 30 mm;
and the bottom blowing smelting furnace is used for carrying out lead bottom blowing smelting by adopting the obtained furnace-entering granules so as to realize the control of raw material moisture and smelting dust.
7. The raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 6, wherein the mixture obtaining system comprises:
the roller dryer is used for drying the lead concentrate and the lead-silver slag to obtain a dried product;
the grinding equipment is used for crushing the solvent, the pyrite and the lead-containing slag to obtain a crushed product;
the storage bin and the batching device are used for uniformly mixing the dried product, the crushed product and the ash to obtain a mixed material;
and the ball mill, the double-shaft mixer or the double-roller mixer is used for adding water into the mixture and forcibly mixing the mixture uniformly to obtain the mixed material after mixing.
8. The raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 7, wherein the furnace-entering pellet obtaining system comprises:
and the double-roller ball press is used for pressing the obtained mixture to obtain oblate furnace-entering granules.
9. The raw material moisture and smelting dust control device for lead bottom-blowing smelting according to claim 6, wherein in the mixture obtaining system, when no wet grinding is adopted, the particle size of the burden used for proportioning is less than or equal to 0.355 mm.
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| CN101525686A (en) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-09 | 四川龙蟒集团有限责任公司 | Method for manufacturing high strength green ball block by coal-based direct reduction and device therefor |
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