CN112251026A - Heat-conducting gasket with fillers orderly arranged in inclined manner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-conducting gasket with fillers orderly arranged in inclined manner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers and a preparation method thereof. The heat conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is obtained by two preparation methods of applying an oblique magnetic field or an electric field to directly prepare the heat conducting gasket and obliquely cutting a blocky material containing the unidirectionally arranged fillers. The heat-conducting gasket disclosed by the invention has high heat-conducting property and high compression property, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat-conducting polymer composite materials, in particular to a heat-conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the field of electronic components has been developed to achieve miniaturization and integration, and the amount of heat generation has been increasing with the increase in power demand and the increase in packaging density. In order to ensure the performance, service life and reliability of electronic equipment, advanced thermal management technology is required to solve the problem of heat dissipation of high-heat-density electronic components. The heat conducting gasket is a material for reducing interface thermal resistance, and generally has the characteristics of low compressive stress and high compressibility besides the requirement of high heat conduction, so that the heat conducting gasket is better suitable for practical application scenes.
Most of the traditional heat conducting gaskets are obtained by directly mixing heat conducting fillers with a polymer matrix, and the heat conductivity is low and is generally below 5W/mK. In order to fully utilize the advantage of the anisotropic heat conductivity of the fibrous or lamellar heat conductive filler, in recent years, some patents or documents propose a method of obtaining a highly heat conductive gasket by orienting the fibrous or lamellar heat conductive filler in the thickness direction of the material. Compared with chopped fibers or micro-nano lamellar fillers, the long fiber filler capable of forming a through structure in the thickness direction of the heat-conducting gasket can realize higher heat conductivity, but the problem brought by the long fiber filler is that the compression performance of the material in the longitudinal direction is reduced, so that the long fiber filler is difficult to use in an actual scene. Although the mechanical property of the non-through structure heat-conducting gasket prepared from the chopped fibers or the micro-nano lamellar filler is slightly better than that of the through structure gasket, the similar problem of reduced mechanical property also exists.
Therefore, the invention is provided for solving the problem that the high heat conduction gasket with longitudinally arranged fillers cannot have both high heat conduction performance and high compression performance at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers and a preparation method thereof, wherein the heat conduction gasket has high heat conduction performance and high compression performance, and the preparation method is simple and easy to implement.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the heat conducting gasket with the fillers in ordered inclined arrangement is formed by mixing a polymer matrix and the heat conducting fillers, wherein the heat conducting fillers comprise anisotropic heat conducting fillers, and the anisotropic heat conducting fillers are in ordered inclined arrangement in the heat conducting gasket.
Further, the inclination angle is 15-45 degrees.
Furthermore, the polymer matrix is one or more of a silicone polymer material and an acrylic polymer material.
Further, the polymer matrix is silicone rubber.
Further, the anisotropic heat conduction filler is in a fiber shape, a sheet layer shape, a whisker shape or a tubular shape, and is one or more of carbon fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, crystalline flake graphite, graphene, sheet boron nitride and carbon nano tube.
Further, the anisotropic heat conduction filler is carbon fiber with the length being more than 1 mm.
Further, the heat-conducting filler also comprises an isotropic heat-conducting filler.
Further, the isotropic heat conduction filler is spherical or ellipsoidal or granular and is one or more of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zinc oxide and metal particles.
Further, the isotropic heat conductive filler is alumina.
A preparation method of a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers comprises the following specific steps:
mixing a polymer matrix and a heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to obtain a mixed material, and ensuring that the heat-conducting filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix; the heat-conducting filler comprises anisotropic heat-conducting filler;
applying a magnetic field or an electric field to the obtained mixed material, wherein the direction of the magnetic field or the direction of the electric field and the thickness direction of the mixed material form a certain angle, and the angle is not 0 degree or 90 degrees;
and step three, curing the polymer matrix to form the mixed material under the state of maintaining the orientation of the anisotropic heat-conducting filler, thereby obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers.
Further, the angle is 15-45 °.
Further, in the second step, vibration is applied simultaneously to assist the orientation.
Further, the heat-conducting filler also comprises an isotropic heat-conducting filler.
A preparation method of a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers comprises the following specific steps:
mixing a polymer matrix and a heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to ensure that the filler is uniformly dispersed in the matrix; the heat-conducting filler comprises anisotropic heat-conducting filler;
secondly, the heat-conducting fillers are arranged in the polymer matrix in an oriented mode to obtain a block material with the internal anisotropic fillers arranged along a single direction;
and step three, cutting the block-shaped material along a direction forming a certain angle with the arrangement direction of the internal fillers, wherein the angle is not 0 degree or 90 degrees, and thus obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers.
Further, the method for aligning the heat conductive filler in the polymer matrix in the second step is one or more of magnetic field, electric field, extrusion and impregnation.
Further, the angle in the third step is 15-45 degrees.
Further, the heat-conducting filler also comprises an isotropic heat-conducting filler.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention has high heat-conducting property and high compression property, can well fill interface gaps, reduce interface thermal resistance, improve heat-conducting capacity and reduce installation stress, solves the problem that the heat-conducting gasket with the filler penetrating structure is difficult to apply, improves the mechanical property, has higher practicability, and effectively relieves the damage of the filler caused by axial compression in the use process.
2. The heat conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is obtained by applying an oblique magnetic field or an electric field for direct preparation and obliquely cutting a blocky material containing the unidirectionally arranged fillers, and is simple, easy to obtain and easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single heat conductive filler under stress;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat conductive gasket with an ordered and inclined arrangement of fillers;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first preparation method of a heat conducting pad with ordered and inclined arrangement of fillers applying a magnetic field or an electric field;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a cutting direction of a second manufacturing method of a heat conductive gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers;
wherein, 1-heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged filler, 2-anisotropic heat conduction filler, 3-isotropic heat conduction filler, 4-mixed material and 5-bulk material with internally arranged anisotropic filler arranged along a single direction.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Compared with the polymer matrix, the filler has stronger rigidity, so the composite material formed after the filler is longitudinally arranged is difficult to compress in the longitudinal direction mainly caused by the fact that the filler is difficult to move or deflect in the longitudinal direction. In particular, in the case of materials for through-structures, which are stressed in the longitudinal direction without the filler moving down into space, only compressive deformations can be caused by deflection, but only by a force component perpendicular to the axial direction. As shown in fig. 1, the greater the degree of deflection of the filler relative to the longitudinal direction, the greater the component force capable of deflecting it, i.e. the greater the ease of deflection, which means an increase in the compressibility of the material in the longitudinal direction.
Meanwhile, the filler is easy to deform and break when compressed under longitudinal stress, and the problem of reduced heat-conducting property caused by material damage in the use process can be effectively solved if the whole gasket is compressed through filler deflection.
It follows that it is possible to obtain high thermal conductivity by directional arrangement of the fillers, while obtaining high compressibility by controlling the filler inclination angle.
Based on the above, the present invention provides a heat conduction gasket 1 with fillers arranged in an ordered inclined manner, which is formed by mixing a polymer matrix and heat conduction fillers, wherein the heat conduction fillers comprise anisotropic heat conduction fillers 2, and the anisotropic heat conduction fillers 2 are arranged in the heat conduction gasket in an ordered inclined manner, as shown in fig. 2. In a preferred embodiment, the anisotropic thermally conductive filler 2 is at an angle of 15 ° to 45 ° to the thickness direction of the mixture (the thickness direction being well-defined and unique because the resulting thermally conductive gasket is a laminar structure).
The polymer matrix is one or more of silicone polymer material and acrylic polymer material. Preferably, the polymer matrix is a silicone rubber.
The anisotropic heat conduction filler 2 is in a fiber shape or a sheet layer shape or a whisker shape or a tube shape. The anisotropic heat conduction filler 2 is one or more of carbon fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, crystalline flake graphite, graphene, flaky boron nitride and carbon nano tube. Preferably, the anisotropic thermal conductive filler 2 is carbon fiber having a length of more than 1 mm.
Preferably, the heat-conducting filler also comprises an isotropic heat-conducting filler 3, and the isotropic heat-conducting filler 3 is spherical or ellipsoidal or granular or other near-spherical. The isotropic heat conduction filler 3 is one or more of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zinc oxide and metal particles. Preferably, the isotropic thermally conductive filler 3 is alumina.
The first preparation method of the heat conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers comprises the following steps: the preparation is directly carried out by applying an oblique magnetic field or an electric field. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing the polymer matrix and the heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to obtain a mixed material 4, and ensuring that the heat-conducting filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. The heat-conducting filler contains anisotropic heat-conducting filler or isotropic heat-conducting filler is added to assist in heat conduction.
Step two, applying a magnetic field or an electric field to the obtained mixed material 4, wherein the direction of the magnetic field or the direction of the electric field and the thickness direction of the mixed material 4 form a certain angle which is not 0 degree or 90 degrees as shown in figure 3; preferably, the angle is 15 ° to 45 °. The anisotropic heat-conducting filler 2 can be orderly arranged in the mixture in an inclined manner relative to the thickness direction of the mixed material 4 through the step. A magnetic or electric field can be applied to the mixture 4 at the same time as an auxiliary orientation measure. Orientation may be assisted by applying vibrations.
And step three, curing the polymer matrix to form the mixed material 4 in a state of maintaining the orientation of the anisotropic heat-conducting filler 2. And then, subsequent treatment such as grinding can be carried out on the heat conducting gasket 1, so that the heat conducting gasket 1 with the orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is obtained.
The second preparation method of the heat conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers comprises the following steps: prepared by obliquely cutting a block material containing unidirectionally arranged fillers. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing the polymer matrix and the heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to ensure that the filler is uniformly dispersed in the matrix. The heat-conducting filler contains anisotropic heat-conducting filler or isotropic heat-conducting filler is added to assist in heat conduction.
And step two, obtaining the bulk material 5 with the internal anisotropic fillers arranged along a single direction by one or more methods of enabling the heat-conducting fillers to be arranged in the polymer matrix in a directional manner by utilizing a magnetic field, an electric field, extrusion, infiltration and the like.
And step three, as shown in fig. 4, cutting the block-shaped material in the step two along a direction forming a certain angle with the arrangement direction of the internal fillers, wherein the angle is not 0 degree or 90 degrees, and thus obtaining the heat conduction gasket 1 with the fillers orderly arranged in an inclined manner. Preferably, the angle between the cutting direction and the direction of the internal packing alignment is between 15 ° and 45 °.
The effects are described below by way of specific examples. The following examples evaluate comparative compression performance by measuring the amount of load required to be applied under the same amount of deformation, with all examples having the same sample size and the same compression rate.
Example 1
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with the average length of 3mm and 85g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber, putting the mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers and 85g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber into a homogenizer to be mixed into a uniform carbon fiber silicone rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold into an 8T magnetic field environment with an included angle of 45 degrees between the magnetic field direction and the mixture thickness direction for curing, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and then carrying out subsequent treatment such as polishing and the like on the mixture, thereby obtaining the heat-conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers, wherein the test results are detailed.
Example 2
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with the average length of 3mm and 85g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber, putting the mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers and 85g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber into a homogenizer to be mixed into a uniform carbon fiber silicone rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold into an 8T magnetic field environment with an included angle of 30 degrees between the magnetic field direction and the mixture thickness direction for curing, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and then carrying out subsequent treatment such as polishing and the like on the mixture, thereby obtaining the heat-conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers, wherein the test results are detailed.
Comparative example 1
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 3mm and 85g of addition reaction type bi-component silicone rubber, putting the mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber and 85g of addition reaction type bi-component silicone rubber into a homogenizer to be mixed into a uniform carbon fiber silicone rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold into an 8T magnetic field environment with the same direction of the magnetic field direction and the mixture thickness direction for curing, taking the mold out after the curing is finished, and then carrying out subsequent treatment such as polishing and the like on the mold, thereby obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with the orderly and vertically arranged fillers, wherein the.
Table 1 thermal pad compression test load value data (N) for examples 1,2 and comparative example 1
Example 3
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 3mm, 10g of alumina particles with the average particle size of 5 microns and 75g of addition reaction type bi-component silicone rubber, putting the mixture into a homogenizer to mix into a uniform carbon fiber alumina-silica rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, curing the mixture in an 8T magnetic field environment with an included angle of 45 degrees between the magnetic field direction and the mixture thickness direction, taking out the mixture after curing is finished, and then polishing and other subsequent treatments can be carried out on the mixture, so that the heat-conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is obtained, and the test results are detailed in table 2.
Example 4
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 3mm, 10g of alumina particles with the average particle size of 5 microns and 75g of addition reaction type bi-component silicone rubber, putting the mixture into a homogenizer to mix into a uniform carbon fiber alumina-silica rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, curing the mixture in an 8T magnetic field environment with the magnetic field direction forming an included angle of 30 degrees with the thickness direction of the mixture, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and then carrying out subsequent treatment such as polishing on the mixture to obtain the heat-conducting gasket 1 with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers, wherein the test results are detailed in Table 2.
Comparative example 2
Taking 15g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 3mm, 10g of alumina particles with the average particle size of 5 microns and 75g of addition reaction type bi-component silicone rubber, putting the mixture into a homogenizer to mix into a uniform carbon fiber alumina-silica rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold into an 8T magnetic field environment with the same direction of the magnetic field direction and the thickness direction of the mixture to cure, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and then carrying out subsequent treatment such as polishing on the mixture, thus obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with orderly and vertically arranged fillers, wherein the test results are detailed in Table 2.
Table 2 thermal pad compression test load value data (N) for examples 3 and 4 and comparative example 2
Example 5
Taking 10g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 30mm and 90g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber, putting the mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber and the addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber into a homogenizer to be mixed into a uniform carbon fiber silicone rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold in an 8T magnetic field environment with the same direction of the magnetic field direction and the thickness direction of the mixture for curing, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and then cutting the mixture along the direction which forms an included angle of 40 degrees with the arrangement direction of the internal filler to obtain the heat-conducting gasket 1 with the filler orderly and obliquely arranged, wherein the.
Comparative example 3
Taking 10g of mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber with the average length of 30mm and 90g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber, putting the 10g mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber and the 90g of addition reaction type bicomponent silicone rubber into a homogenizer to be mixed into a uniform carbon fiber silicone rubber mixture, transferring the obtained mixture into a mold, then putting the mold into an 8T magnetic field environment with the same direction of the magnetic field direction and the thickness direction of the mixture for curing, taking the mixture out after the curing is finished, and cutting the mixture along the direction vertical to the arrangement direction of the internal fillers to obtain the heat-conducting gasket with the fillers orderly and vertically arranged, wherein the.
Table 3 thermal pad compression test load value data (N) in example 5 and comparative example 3
Example 6
And (3) densely stacking the mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with the average length of 30mm in the same direction, then infiltrating the addition reaction type two-component silicone rubber inwards, and cutting along the direction forming an included angle of 35 degrees with the arrangement direction of the internal filler after the curing is finished to obtain the heat-conducting gasket 1 with the filler orderly arranged in an inclined manner, wherein the test results are detailed in table 4.
Comparative example 4
And (3) densely stacking the mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers with the average length of 30mm in the same direction, then infiltrating the addition reaction type two-component silicone rubber inwards, cutting along the direction vertical to the arrangement direction of the internal fillers after curing is completed to obtain the heat-conducting gasket with the fillers orderly and vertically arranged, wherein the test results are detailed in table 4.
Table 4 thermal pad compression test load value data (N) for example 6 and comparative example 4
As can be seen from tables 1 to 4, compared with the heat conduction gasket with the fillers arranged orderly and vertically, the heat conduction gasket 1 with the fillers arranged orderly and obliquely needs significantly smaller load and more excellent compression performance under the same deformation amount.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. The heat conducting gasket with the fillers in ordered inclined arrangement is characterized by being formed by mixing a polymer matrix and heat conducting fillers, wherein the heat conducting fillers comprise anisotropic heat conducting fillers, and the anisotropic heat conducting fillers are in ordered inclined arrangement in the heat conducting gasket.
2. The gasket of claim 1 wherein the angle of inclination is in the range of 15 ° to 45 °.
3. The gasket of claim 1, wherein the polymer matrix is one or more of silicone polymer and acrylic polymer.
4. The gasket of claim 1 wherein the polymer matrix is silicone rubber.
5. The gasket of claim 1, wherein the anisotropic thermal conductive filler is in a fiber shape, a sheet shape, a whisker shape, or a tube shape, and is one or more of carbon fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber, crystalline flake graphite, graphene, boron nitride in a sheet shape, and carbon nanotube.
6. The gasket of claim 5 wherein said anisotropic thermally conductive filler is carbon fiber having a length greater than 1 mm.
7. The gasket of claim 1 further comprising an isotropic thermally conductive filler.
8. The heat conducting gasket with ordered and inclined filler arrangement as claimed in claim 7, wherein the isotropic heat conducting filler is spherical, ellipsoidal or granular and is one or more of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zinc oxide and metal particles.
9. The gasket of claim 8 wherein the isotropic thermally conductive filler is alumina.
10. A preparation method of a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing a polymer matrix and a heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to obtain a mixed material, and ensuring that the heat-conducting filler is uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix; the heat-conducting filler comprises anisotropic heat-conducting filler;
applying a magnetic field or an electric field to the obtained mixed material, wherein the direction of the magnetic field or the direction of the electric field and the thickness direction of the mixed material form a certain angle, and the angle is not 0 degree or 90 degrees;
and step three, curing the polymer matrix to form the mixed material under the state of maintaining the orientation of the anisotropic heat-conducting filler, thereby obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers.
11. The method of manufacturing a heat conductive gasket having an ordered and inclined arrangement of fillers according to claim 10, wherein the angle is 15 ° to 45 °.
12. The method according to claim 10, wherein in the second step, vibration is simultaneously applied to assist the orientation.
13. The method for preparing a heat conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers according to claim 10, wherein the heat conducting fillers further comprise isotropic heat conducting fillers.
14. A preparation method of a heat conduction gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing a polymer matrix and a heat-conducting filler by using mixing equipment to ensure that the filler is uniformly dispersed in the matrix; the heat-conducting filler comprises anisotropic heat-conducting filler;
secondly, the heat-conducting fillers are arranged in the polymer matrix in an oriented mode to obtain a block material with the internal anisotropic fillers arranged along a single direction;
and step three, cutting the block-shaped material along a direction forming a certain angle with the arrangement direction of the internal fillers, wherein the angle is not 0 degree or 90 degrees, and thus obtaining the heat-conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers.
15. The method for preparing a heat conductive gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers according to claim 14, wherein the method for aligning the heat conductive fillers in the polymer matrix in the second step is one or more of magnetic field, electric field, extrusion and impregnation.
16. The method for preparing a heat conductive gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers according to claim 14, wherein the angle in the third step is 15-45 degrees.
17. The method for preparing a heat conducting gasket with orderly and obliquely arranged fillers according to claim 14, wherein the heat conducting fillers further comprise isotropic heat conducting fillers.
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| CN112976438A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-18 | 华中科技大学 | Preparation method and product of directionally interconnected high-thermal-conductivity interface material |
| CN114456603A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-10 | 厦门大学 | Magnetic field induction arrangement carbon fiber heat conduction material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115044353A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-09-13 | 深圳市黑能科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of heat conduction interface material and heat conduction interface structure |
| CN115448745A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-09 | 亚太中碳(山西)新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of oriented heat-conducting and electric-conducting graphite carbon film and oriented heat-conducting carbon piece |
| CN115505265A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2022-12-23 | 嘉兴超维新材料科技有限公司 | High-thermal-conductivity silicone rubber gasket and preparation method and application thereof |
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