CN112249235A

CN112249235A - Method and equipment for fixing navigation buoy

Info

Publication number: CN112249235A
Application number: CN202011208400.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱小彪
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-11-03
Filing date: 2020-11-03
Publication date: 2021-01-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-03
Also published as: CN112249235B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of navigation buoys, and particularly discloses a method for fixing a navigation buoy, which comprises the following steps: (1) arranging a contact ring on a buoy positioning point, installing three cable chains which are matched with each other on the contact ring, enabling the contact ring and the three cable chains to form a herringbone cable chain, and arranging a fixed pile at one end part of any cable chain, which is far away from the contact ring; (2) installing an anchor chain on the contact ring, arranging a buoy connected with the anchor chain at one end of the anchor chain far away from the contact ring, and installing a telescopic mechanism and a control system in the buoy; (3) a wind power generation mechanism is arranged in the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity, and the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity is arranged on the buoy.

Description

Method and equipment for fixing navigation buoy

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of navigation buoys, and particularly relates to a method and equipment for fixing a navigation buoy.

Background

Waterway shipping is an important part of a transportation system, and the correct identification of a waterway is an important guarantee for shipping safety. In China, along inland river channels which are thousands of kilometers long and coast lines which are thousands of kilometers long, a beacon light is arranged at a certain distance and used for indicating the safe water level area of the channels, so that the target can be conveniently identified and the ship can be conveniently navigated. The water navigation mark lamp comprises a lamp mark and a buoy. According to the environment of the relevant water area, the length of the anchor chain of the buoy is usually three times of the water depth when the buoy is arranged at the highest horizontal level, and the buoy is matched with the sunk stone or the ground anchor on the river bed through various chain links and a rotating ring to fix two ends of the anchor chain with the length of three times of the water depth. The buoy of the buoy floating body is inevitably deviated from the center of the counter weight under the action of wind power and water current because the length of the anchor chain is larger than the water depth, and the maximum moving radius of the buoy is called as the maximum turning radius or the turning error. The convolution error is often larger at low water level and in rapid water flow, which directly results in inaccurate buoy positioning precision.

The longer chain set-up is based on the following considerations:

1. the sinking stone tied on the riverbed or seabed of the predetermined point is inconvenient to embed underwater, generally only falls to the water bottom according to the dead weight, and the concrete structure is mostly adopted in consideration of the cost and the manufacturing process;

2. the height of the ground water level is set to be constantly changed along with seasons and tide signals, and accidental flooding can cause extreme conditions, so that the high water level is required to be used as a reference when the buoy is at the high water level;

3. the buoy in the channel is greatly influenced by natural and artificial factors, such as storm, torrent impact, accidental collision in navigation and illegal mooring, the hidden danger of movement of the sinking stone anchor of the buoy is caused, and a longer anchor chain is needed to resist horizontal component force. The longer anchor chain structure can promote the weight of anchor chain to the float bowl pulling force on the horizontal direction by a wide margin under the prerequisite that does not increase heavy stone weight to reduce the possibility that heavy stone runs out the position and removes, but the negative effect that follows is that pulling force horizontal component produces the bending moment to a float body flotation pontoon and makes it slope, and the bottom of current flotation pontoon is equipped with the iron tail pipe, and pig iron balance is placed to the tail end of tail pipe, and the effect of tail pipe makes the flotation pontoon keep vertical, and the effect of counter weight is the stability that increases the flotation pontoon in aqueous, has increased the cost for this reason additionally.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of the prior art, provides a method for fixing a navigation buoy, which can obviously reduce convolution errors and can adjust the buoy of the buoy through an anchor chain, and also provides corresponding equipment.

Based on the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for fixing a navigation buoy comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a contact ring on a buoy positioning point, installing three cable chains which are matched with each other on the contact ring, enabling the contact ring and the three cable chains to form a herringbone cable chain, and arranging a fixed pile at one end part of any cable chain, which is far away from the contact ring;

(2) installing an anchor chain on the contact ring, arranging a buoy connected with the anchor chain at one end of the anchor chain far away from the contact ring, and installing a telescopic mechanism and a control system in the buoy;

(3) a wind power generation mechanism is arranged in the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity, and the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity is arranged on the buoy.

Preferably, the detailed steps of step 1 are that firstly, buoy positioning points are determined, after the buoy positioning points are determined, fixing pile positioning points are determined according to the length of the cable chain, and a special pile driving device is used for driving a fixing pile into a river bed or a seabed so as to fix the fixing pile; fixing one end of each cable chain on the fixing pile, fixing the other end of each cable chain on the contact ring, sequentially and fixedly connecting the three cable chains respectively, wherein after the three cable chains are fixed, the cable chains are in a horizontally tightened state, and at the moment, the contact rings and the three cable chains form herringbone cable chains; three fixing piles driven into a river bed or a sea bed and a herringbone high-strength cable chain with the top of the fixing piles tightened to be in an inverted-V shape are used for replacing sunk stones or ground anchors on the original river bed or sea bed, herringbone node rings of the cable chain are buoy positioning points which are connected with the bottom ends of the anchor chains, the specific positions of the three fixing piles are different according to the ground, the fixing piles can be specifically positioned according to the structure of the river bed and the shape of a water flow channel of a construction site, the three fixing piles are distributed in a regular triangle shape in a general open water area, the buoy positioning points are positioned at the outer center of a plane triangle formed by the three fixing piles, the three cable chains are equal in length and uniformly stressed, the channel is narrow in a inland river or a shoal channel under special conditions, the channel is arranged on a middle channel, shallow water areas on two sides cannot navigate, buoys are often required to be arranged, at the moment, the three fixing piles can be arranged in an isosceles triangle shape of 120 degrees, the herringbone cable chain is, the third pile is positioned on the wet beach and only plays a role in auxiliary positioning.

Preferably, the detailed step of step 2 is to fix one end of the anchor chain on the contact ring to firmly connect the anchor chain with the contact ring, send the other end of the anchor chain into the telescopic channel through the telescopic channel inlet arranged at the bottom end of the buoy to mesh with the sprocket, slide the redundant anchor chain out of the buoy through the auxiliary channel, fix the other end of the anchor chain on the fixed ring, arrange the rest parts of the telescopic mechanism in the buoy and connect with the sprocket, and after the telescopic mechanism is arranged; respectively fixing the water level sensors in the ranges of the three mark areas; fixing a rotating speed sensor on a vertical fan blade shaft; the control system is arranged in the buoy, and the control system, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are connected with the telescopic mechanism.

Preferably, the detailed step of step 3 is to fix a plurality of horn-shaped air nozzles on the sidewall of the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity, connect the plurality of horn-shaped air nozzles to the air guide pipe in a staggered manner, and enable the air outlet of the air guide pipe to face the vertical fan blade shaft, so that the air outlet of the air guide pipe can blow the fan blade wheel; fixing the shifter in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity to enable the shifter to be matched with a sliding gear on a vertical fan blade shaft; then the rest parts of the wind power generation mechanism are arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, then the wind power generation mechanism is connected with the rechargeable battery pack, and the shifter is connected with the control system; finally, the mounted polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity is mounted on the buoy; and finishing the fixation of the navigation buoy.

A navigation-aid buoy comprises a contact ring, wherein three cable chains which are matched with each other are arranged on the contact ring, and a fixing pile is arranged at the end part of one end of any cable chain, which is far away from the contact ring; the contact ring is provided with an anchor chain, one end of the anchor chain, which is far away from the contact ring, is provided with a buoy connected with the anchor chain, and a fixed ring connected with the anchor chain is arranged in the buoy; a telescopic mechanism and a control system are arranged in the floating barrel; the floating barrel is provided with a polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, and a wind power generation mechanism matched with the floating barrel is arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity; the wind power generation mechanism and the telescopic mechanism are electrically connected with the control system; the fixing pile is made of a medium-thick-wall steel pipe with a certain diameter, the length of the fixing pile is determined according to the structure and the tension requirement of a riverbed or a seabed, the front end of the fixing pile is welded with a solid wall tip, the rear end of the fixing pile is welded with a sealing plate and a fixing ring, and the length of the excircle of the fixing pile is provided with a plurality of hoop reverse stabs; the steel pipe with a certain diameter is based on cost and industrialization, and according to the mechanics triangle principle, the smaller the included angle between the cable chain and the horizontal plane is when the cable chain is tensioned, the larger the horizontal component force of the cable chain is, and the vertical component force can be several times or dozens of times, so that the tensioned cable chain is made of high-strength steel. The force bearing point of the fixed pile is arranged at the upper end of the fixed pile, the whole pile is mainly subjected to the action of bending moment, the steel pipe can equivalently play the role of round steel, the cost is saved, and the fixed pile is convenient to transport. The upper end of the fixed pile is easy to move relative to the riverbed due to the large horizontal component force, so that the contact area between the upper end of the steel pipe and the riverbed can be increased by using a steel pipe or a step pipe with a large diameter. The steel pipe length is increased, so that the bending resistance of the steel pipe can be improved, the movement of the upper end relative to the river bed can be reduced, factors such as the structure of the river bed and the like need to be comprehensively considered in practical application, and the solid wedge function at the front end of the fixed pile is convenient for positioning and guiding into the river bed during piling. The multiple hoop reverse stabs on the length of the outer circle are used for increasing the friction coefficient between the fixing pile and the river bed, and the hoop reverse stabs can be replaced to achieve the purpose of being repeatedly used after the fixing pile is pulled out.

Preferably, the telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic channel and a worm gear speed reducer which are arranged on the inner axis of the buoy; an auxiliary channel in clearance fit with the telescopic channel is arranged on one side of the telescopic channel; a chain wheel matched with the telescopic channel and the auxiliary channel is arranged in the float bowl, the chain wheel is meshed with the anchor chain, a chain wheel shaft is arranged on a chain wheel shaft center, a chain wheel step outer wheel is arranged on the chain wheel shaft, a helical gear meshed with the chain wheel step outer wheel is arranged on one side of the chain wheel step outer wheel, and a gear shaft is arranged on the axis of the helical gear; an electromagnetic brake is arranged on one side of the chain wheel, which is far away from the anchor chain, and the electromagnetic brake comprises a chain wheel brake hub matched with a chain wheel shaft; the worm and gear speed reducer comprises a speed reducer output shaft and a speed reducer input shaft, wherein the speed reducer output shaft is in clearance fit with a gear shaft, and an electromagnetic clutch in clearance fit with the gear shaft is arranged on the speed reducer output shaft; an input gear is arranged on the input shaft of the speed reducer.

Preferably, the wind power generation mechanism comprises an air guide pipe arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, a miniature wind turbine unit arranged in the buoy and a vertical fan blade shaft arranged in the buoy and matched with the air guide pipe, wherein one end of the vertical fan blade shaft is provided with a fan blade wheel which is symmetrical relative to the vertical fan blade shaft, and the other end of the vertical fan blade shaft is provided with a sliding gear matched with the input gear; the miniature wind turbine generator set comprises a wind turbine generator shaft, and a wind turbine gear matched with the sliding gear is arranged at one end of the wind turbine generator shaft; a shifter matched with the sliding gear is arranged in the floating barrel; the air guide pipe is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles connected with the side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, the horn-shaped air guide nozzles are connected with the air guide pipe in a staggered manner, and one end, far away from the horn-shaped air guide nozzles, of the air guide pipe is matched with the air impeller; ventilating windows are arranged on any side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilating cavity body and are similar to shutter-shaped ventilating windows; the lateral surface of the multi-pyramid cavity is provided with a water outlet.

Preferably, the poking device comprises a poking motor, the poking motor is connected with a poking rack through a poking gear, and the poking rack is matched with a poking sliding groove arranged in the floating cylinder through a poking sliding rail on the poking rack; a pair of shifting rods matched with the sliding gear are arranged on the shifting rack; the toggle motor is a positive and negative rotation motor.

Preferably, the float comprises an upper cylinder at the upper part and a lower inverted circular truncated cone matched with the upper cylinder, a pair of fixing grooves surrounding the periphery of the upper cylinder for a circle is arranged on the side surface of the upper cylinder, an air guide ring matched with the fixing grooves is arranged on the fixing grooves, a plurality of air guide strips in clearance fit are arranged on the air guide ring, and one end of any one air guide strip close to the lower inverted circular truncated cone is fixedly connected with the air guide ring; the micro generator set is electrically connected with a rechargeable battery pack which is arranged at the bottom end of the inverted circular truncated cone and is symmetrical relative to the axis of the inverted circular truncated cone; the side surface of the buoy is provided with three mark areas, and a water level sensor is arranged on any mark area; a rotating speed sensor is arranged on the vertical fan blade shaft; the upper cylinder is provided with a buoy signal lamp.

Preferably, the control system comprises a microprocessor; the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the toggle motor, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are all electrically connected with the microprocessor; the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected with the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting motor, the water level sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the buoy signal lamp.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the buoy of the buoy is simply and conveniently and rapidly installed by fixing the fixing pile on the riverbed or the seabed, connecting one ends of the three cable chains with each other through the contact ring and then respectively fixing the other end of any cable chain at the top end of the fixing pile. From the action effect, the vertical component is effective, the size of the vertical component directly determines the moving capacity of the buoy against the cable chain, the vertical component is transmitted to act on the fixed pile through the cable chain, the size of the vertical component is equal to the frictional resistance between the fixed pile and the river bed, and the direction is vertical upwards. The horizontal component force is ineffective from the action effect alone, but the ineffective horizontal component force enables the upper end of the fixing pile to generate enough positive pressure on the riverbed, under the condition of a certain friction coefficient, the friction force between the fixing pile and the riverbed is always greater than the upward vertical pulling force of the anchor chain on the fixing pile, and the self-locking phenomenon occurs, namely, the fixing pile cannot pull out the riverbed no matter how much pulling force is generated on the anchor chain by the anchor chain as long as the upper end of the fixing pile does not move horizontally relative to the riverbed.

(2) The anchor chain is arranged on the contact ring, so that one end of the anchor chain is fixed on the contact ring, namely a buoy positioning point, the anchor chain is connected with the telescopic mechanism in the telescopic channel, and the telescopic mechanism can deal with different conditions encountered by the buoy in real time through the control and the matching of a control system, so that the adjustment of the buoy is facilitated, and the convolution error of the buoy can be obviously reduced; one end of the anchor chain is fixed in the buoy by the fixing ring, and the reserved anchor chain can be placed in water through the auxiliary channel through the matching of the telescopic channel and the auxiliary channel, so that the telescopic mechanism can be conveniently adjusted; arranging water level sensors in the three mark areas, transmitting sensed water level signals to a microprocessor, comparing the actually measured water level signals with set signals by the microprocessor to obtain deviation, and issuing different instructions according to the property of the deviation; the rotating speed sensor can detect the rotating speed of the vertical fan blade shaft, timely transmits detection data to the microprocessor, and judges whether the vertical fan blade shaft is in a normal working state or not through comparison with a preset threshold value.

(3) The horn-shaped air guide nozzle can guide external air flow into the air guide pipe to the maximum extent, guide external horizontal air flow, and enable the external air flow to blow the wind impeller through the steering of the air guide pipe; the air guide pipe is connected with the horn-shaped air guide nozzles in a staggered manner, so that air flow horizontally flowing into the horn-shaped air guide nozzles is prevented from flowing out through the horn-shaped air guide nozzles on the other side, and the air flow collection action can not be normally carried out; the shifter can shift the sliding gear to move, so that the sliding gear is meshed with the wind power gear and the input gear or is in an idle running state, and various modes of adjustment are facilitated; the wind power generation mechanism can charge the rechargeable battery pack and provide electric energy support for the buoy signal lamp and the control system.

(4) The invention can obtain the advantage of the matching of the cable chain and the fixed pile by analyzing the stress of the cable chain, the tight cable chain is only acted by the true tension of the anchor chain and the fixed pile except the gravity, and the magnitude of the tight cable chain is the vector composition of the horizontal component and the vertical component. From the action effect, the vertical component is effective, the size of the vertical component directly determines the moving capacity of the buoy against the cable chain, the vertical component is transmitted to act on the fixed pile through the cable chain, the size of the vertical component is equal to the frictional resistance between the fixed pile and the river bed, and the direction is vertical upwards. The horizontal component force is ineffective from the action effect, but the ineffective horizontal component force enables the upper end of the fixing pile to generate enough positive pressure on the riverbed, under the condition of a certain friction coefficient, the friction force between the fixing pile and the riverbed is always greater than the upward vertical pulling force of the anchor chain on the fixing pile, and the self-locking phenomenon occurs, namely, the fixing pile cannot pull out the riverbed no matter how much pulling force is generated on the anchor chain by the anchor chain as long as the upper end of the fixing pile does not move horizontally relative to the riverbed; wind power generation mechanism, telescopic machanism all cooperate with control system, can adjust the flotation pontoon to according to level sensor and speed sensor's on the flotation pontoon detection data, control the state of flotation pontoon in real time, and in time adjust the flotation pontoon according to the detection data, make its flotation pontoon that can obviously reduce the error that circles round and buoy can carry out intelligent regulation through the anchor chain, realize the purpose of the long-time stable work of flotation pontoon at the surface of water.

(5) The arrangement of the telescopic channel facilitates the connection of the anchor chain with the inner chain wheel of the buoy through the telescopic channel, facilitates the adjustment of the anchor chain by a telescopic mechanism in the buoy, and the auxiliary channel can temporarily store the residual anchor chain and timely release the anchor chain when the buoy is impacted, so that the damage to the buoy is prevented; the worm and gear speed reducer can carry out speed reduction treatment on the received external quick rotation power, so that the rotation speed of the output end of the speed reducer meets the use requirement; the chain wheel conveniently drives the anchor chain to move, so that the anchor chain outside the buoy contracts or extends; the outer wheel of the chain wheel step is meshed with the helical gear, the gear shaft of the helical gear is in clearance fit with the output shaft of the speed reducer, and the gear shaft and the output shaft of the speed reducer are controlled to be combined or separated through the electromagnetic clutch, so that the gear shaft and the output shaft of the speed reducer can be combined or separated under the control of the electromagnetic clutch; the electromagnetic brake can carry out band-type brake on the sprocket shaft through the sprocket brake hub, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the rotation of the sprocket shaft; the speed reducer input shaft transmits high rotating speed to the worm gear speed reducer, and the speed reducer output shaft is converted into low rotating speed to rotate through the speed reduction of the worm gear speed reducer.

(6) The general vertical layout machine is changed into a horizontal state to be placed in a polygonal pyramid cavity on the upper portion of a buoy, ventilation windows similar to a blind window-shaped ventilation window structure are installed on the periphery of the polygonal pyramid cavity, rainwater cannot enter the ventilation windows, but wind can smoothly pass through the ventilation windows, a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles are arranged in the polygonal pyramid cavity along the horizontal direction, the horn-shaped air guide nozzles are of a non-slip horn bent pipe structure, a horn is used for absorbing river wind and sea wind blown horizontally, the wind blown horizontally is converted into the vertical downward blowing through a bent pipe, and the wind blows to blades at specified positions on the outer side of the blades and can generate relatively large torque on the edges of the blades. The vertical fan blade shaft realizes three-gear connection of wind power generation, fan blade no-load rotation and wind power tightening anchor chains through a sliding gear; the wind guide pipe can guide airflow guided by the horn-shaped wind guide nozzle to the wind impeller, and the miniature wind turbine generator is meshed with the sliding gear through the wind power gear, so that the vertical wind blade shaft drives the wind power gear to move through the sliding gear, and further drives the wind turbine shaft to realize the purpose of wind power generation; the shifter plays a role in shifting the sliding gear, and the shifter is provided with three gears which can respectively realize the functions of wind power generation, no-load rotation of the fan blades and wind power tightening of the anchor chain; the horn-shaped air guide nozzles are connected with the air guide pipes in a staggered manner, so that the collected air flow is prevented from directly flowing out through the horn-shaped air guide nozzles on the opposite sides; the side surface of the polygonal pyramid cavity is provided with a water outlet for timely discharging water entering the polygonal pyramid cavity caused by factors such as wind waves, impact on the buoy and the like.

(7) The poking gear is driven to rotate through the rotation of the poking motor, the poking gear drives the poking rack to move, the poking rack slides on the poking chute through the poking slide rail, the poking rack can move in the float bowl, the poking rack can drive the pair of poking rods to move, the pair of poking rods are respectively positioned on two sides of the sliding gear, and when the pair of poking rods move, the pair of poking rods can drive the sliding gear to move, so that different movement purposes of the sliding gear can be realized; the toggle motor is a forward and reverse rotating motor, and the action of three-gear repeated motion of the sliding gear can be realized.

(8) The fixed groove is matched with the air guide ring, so that the influence of external air flow on the floating pontoon can be reduced, the possibility of overturning of the floating pontoon is reduced, and the air guide strip plays a role in guiding air; the three mark areas are matched with water level sensors arranged in the mark areas and can detect the state of the buoy in real time, and the three mark areas are determined according to the working state of the buoy; the arrangement of the rotating speed sensor can detect the state of the vertical fan blade shaft in real time, so that a control system can conveniently adjust the position of the sliding gear, and the purpose of generating power or moving an anchor chain is achieved; the buoy signal lamp is arranged to enable the buoy to have the purpose of night navigation.

(9) The microprocessor is arranged to control the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch and the toggle motor, can receive data detected by the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor, analyze and compare the detected data and issue a certain command; the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected with the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting motor, the water level sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the buoy signal lamp, and provides electric energy for the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting motor, the water level sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the buoy signal lamp, so that intelligent connection of the invention is realized.

In conclusion, the buoy fixing mode is optimized, the telescopic mechanism and the control system are arranged in the buoy, the anchor chain length of the buoy can be contracted to the water depth range under the conventional working condition, the convolution error is approximately ignored, when the severe environment occurs or accidental collision occurs, the anchor chain of the buoy can automatically extend, the inclined anchor chain can generate enough horizontal force, and the fixing pile is prevented from being pulled out under the accidental conditions of collision and the like; the invention can collect wind power on the water surface, generate power through the wind power generation mechanism, supply power to each component in the buoy, enable the buoy to have night navigation capability, enable the buoy to have the capability of intelligently processing accidents through the cooperation of the telescopic mechanism and the control system, and enable the buoy to automatically return to the initial position after the accidents are finished, and continue normal operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a herringbone chain structure in example 1;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of the buoy in embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is an external schematic view of the buoy in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an inner portion of the buoy in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the buoys to the herringbone cable chain in example 1;

FIG. 6 is a side view of the air guide duct and the trumpet-shaped air guide nozzle in example 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a telescoping mechanism and a wind turbine generator in embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the telescoping mechanism and the wind turbine generator in embodiment 1.

In the figure, 1, a fixed pile, 2, a cable chain, 3, a contact ring, 4, a buoy, 5, a vertical fan blade shaft, 6, a fixed groove, 7, an upper cylinder, 8, a lower inverted circular truncated cone, 9, a wind guide ring, 10, a wind guide strip, 11, a fixed ring, 12, a chain wheel, 13, a chain release area, 13-1, an ideal working area, 13-2, a chain tightening area, 14, a telescopic channel, 15, a chain, 16, an auxiliary channel, 17, a river bed or a seabed, 18, a horn-shaped wind guide nozzle, 19, a wind guide pipe, 20, a fan wheel, 21, a worm gear reducer, 22, a chain wheel brake hub, 23, a chain wheel step outer wheel, 24, a chain wheel shaft, 25, a helical gear, 26, a gear shaft, 27, a speed reducer output shaft, 28, a speed reducer input shaft, 29, an input gear, 30, a sliding groove, 31, a protective bulge, 32, a wind turbine shaft, 33, a sliding gear, 34 and a wind turbine, 35. electromagnetic clutch, 36, polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, 37.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

a method for fixing a navigation buoy comprises the following steps:

(1) a contact ring 3 is arranged on a buoy positioning point, three cable chains 2 which are matched with each other are arranged on the contact ring 3, so that the contact ring 3 and the three cable chains 2 form a herringbone cable chain, and a fixing pile 1 is arranged at one end part of any cable chain 2 far away from the contact ring 3; firstly, determining a buoy positioning point, determining a positioning point of a fixed pile 1 according to the length of a cable chain 2 after the buoy positioning point is determined, and driving the fixed pile 1 into a riverbed or seabed 17 by using special piling equipment to fix the fixed pile 1; fixing one end of each cable chain 2 on the fixed pile 1, fixing the other end of each cable chain 2 on the contact ring 3, sequentially and fixedly connecting the three cable chains 2 respectively, wherein after the three cable chains 2 are fixed, the cable chains 2 are in a horizontal tight state, and at the moment, the contact rings 3 and the three cable chains 2 form herringbone cable chains;

(2) an anchor chain 15 is installed on the contact ring 3, a buoy 4 connected with the anchor chain 15 is arranged at one end of the anchor chain 15, which is far away from the contact ring 3, and a telescopic mechanism and a control system are installed in the buoy 4; fixing one end of an anchor chain 15 on the contact ring 3 to enable the anchor chain 15 to be stably connected with the contact ring 3, feeding the other end of the anchor chain 15 into a telescopic channel 14 through an inlet of the telescopic channel 14 arranged at the bottom end of the buoy 4 to be meshed with the chain wheel 12, sliding the redundant anchor chain 15 out of the buoy 4 through an auxiliary channel 16, fixing the other end of the anchor chain 15 on the fixing ring 11, arranging the rest parts of the telescopic mechanism in the buoy 4 and connecting the rest parts with the chain wheel 12, and finishing the arrangement of the telescopic mechanism; respectively fixing the water level sensors in the ranges of the three mark areas 13, 13-1 and 13-2; fixing a rotating speed sensor on a vertical fan blade shaft 5; the control system is arranged in the buoy 4, and the control system, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are connected with the telescopic mechanism;

(3) a wind power generation mechanism is arranged in the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36, and the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is arranged on the buoy 4; fixing a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18 on the side wall of the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36, connecting the horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18 to an air guide pipe 19 in a staggered manner, and enabling an air outlet of the air guide pipe 19 to be over against the vertical fan blade shaft 5 so that the air outlet of the air guide pipe 19 can blow the fan blade wheel 20; fixing the shifter in a polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36 to enable the shifter to be matched with a sliding gear 33 on the vertical fan blade shaft 5; then, the rest parts of the wind power generation mechanism are arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36, then the wind power generation mechanism is connected with the rechargeable battery pack, and the shifter is connected with the control system; finally, the mounted polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is mounted on the buoy 4; and finishing the fixation of the navigation buoy.

A navigation buoy is structurally shown in figures 1-8 and comprises a contact ring 3, wherein three cable chains 2 which are matched with each other are arranged on the contact ring 3, and a fixing pile 1 is arranged at one end part of any cable chain 2, which is far away from the contact ring 3; the contact ring 3 is provided with an anchor chain 15, one end of the anchor chain 15, which is far away from the contact ring 3, is provided with a buoy 4 connected with the anchor chain 15, and a fixing ring 11 connected with the anchor chain 15 is arranged in the buoy 4; a telescopic mechanism and a control system are arranged in the buoy 4; the buoy 4 is provided with a polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36, and a wind power generation mechanism matched with the buoy 4 is arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36; the wind power generation mechanism and the telescopic mechanism are electrically connected with the control system. The telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic channel 14 and a worm gear speed reducer 21 which are arranged on the inner axis of the buoy 4; an auxiliary channel 16 in clearance fit with the telescopic channel 14 is arranged on one side of the telescopic channel 14; a chain wheel 12 matched with the telescopic channel 14 and the auxiliary channel 16 is arranged in the buoy 4, the chain wheel 12 is meshed with the anchor chain 15, a chain wheel shaft 24 is arranged on the center of the chain wheel shaft 24, a chain wheel step outer wheel 23 is arranged on the chain wheel shaft 24, a helical gear 25 meshed with the chain wheel step outer wheel 23 is arranged on one side of the chain wheel step outer wheel 23, and a gear shaft 26 is arranged on the axis of the helical gear 25; the side of the chain wheel 12 far away from the anchor chain 15 is provided with an electromagnetic brake, and the electromagnetic brake comprises a chain wheel brake hub 22 matched with a chain wheel shaft 24; the worm gear speed reducer 21 comprises a speed reducer output shaft 27 and a speed reducer input shaft 28, the speed reducer output shaft 27 is in clearance fit with the gear shaft 26, and an electromagnetic clutch 35 in clearance fit with the gear shaft 26 is arranged on the speed reducer output shaft 27; the reducer input shaft 28 is provided with an input gear 29. The wind power generation mechanism comprises an air guide pipe 19 arranged in a polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36, a miniature wind turbine generator set arranged in a floating cylinder 4 and a vertical fan blade shaft 5 arranged in the floating cylinder 4 and matched with the air guide pipe 19, wherein one end of the vertical fan blade shaft 5 is provided with a fan blade wheel 20 which is axisymmetric relative to the vertical fan blade shaft 5, and the other end of the vertical fan blade shaft is provided with a sliding gear 33 matched with an input gear 29; the miniature wind turbine generator set comprises a wind turbine generator shaft 32, and a wind turbine gear 34 matched with the sliding gear 33 is arranged at one end of the wind turbine generator shaft 32; a shifter matched with the sliding gear 33 is arranged in the float bowl 4; the air guide pipe 19 is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18 connected with the side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36, the horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18 are connected with the air guide pipe 19 in a staggered manner, and one end, far away from the horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18, of the air guide pipe 19 is matched with the air impeller 20; ventilating windows are arranged on any side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilating cavity 36 and are similar to shutter-shaped ventilating windows; the lateral surface of the multi-pyramid cavity is provided with a water outlet. The poking device comprises a poking motor, the poking motor is connected with a poking rack through a poking gear, and the poking rack is matched with a poking sliding groove arranged in the floating cylinder 4 through a poking sliding rail on the poking rack; a pair of deflector rods matched with the sliding gear 33 are arranged on the deflector rack; the toggle motor is a positive and negative rotation motor.

The buoy 4 comprises an upper cylinder 7 at the upper part and a lower inverted circular truncated cone 8 matched with the upper cylinder 7, a pair of fixing grooves 6 surrounding the periphery of the upper cylinder 7 for a circle is arranged on the side surface of the upper cylinder 7, an air guide ring 9 matched with the fixing grooves 6 is arranged on the fixing grooves 6, a plurality of air guide strips 10 in clearance fit are arranged on the air guide ring 9, and one end, close to the lower inverted circular truncated cone 8, of any one air guide strip 10 is fixedly connected with the air guide ring 9; the micro generator set is electrically connected with a rechargeable battery pack which is arranged at the bottom end of the inverted circular truncated cone and is symmetrical relative to the axis of the inverted circular truncated cone; the side surface of the buoy 4 is provided with three mark areas 13, 13-1 and 13-2, and any one of the mark areas 13, 13-1 and 13-2 is provided with a water level sensor; a rotating speed sensor is arranged on the vertical fan blade shaft 5; the upper cylinder 7 is provided with a buoy signal lamp. The control system comprises a microprocessor; the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch 35, the toggle motor, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are all electrically connected with the microprocessor; the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected with the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch 35, the shifting motor, the water level sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the buoy signal lamp.

When the device is used, three fixed piles 1 are driven into a riverbed or seabed 17 by using special piling equipment, one ends of three tight cable chains 2 are respectively fixed at the top ends of the three fixed piles 1, the other ends of the three tight cable chains are fixed together through the contact rings 3 and are connected with the bottom ends of the anchor chains 15 through the contact rings 3, and the common junction of the three cable chains 2 is the position of the contact rings 3, namely the position of a buoy positioning coordinate. The anchor chain 15 is upward from the contact ring 3 and is connected with the chain wheel 12 of the tightening and releasing mechanism after passing through the telescopic channel 14 of the buoy 4; the residual anchor chain 15 wound on the chain wheel 12 falls into the water through the auxiliary channel 16 of the buoy 4, the tail end of the anchor chain 15 is fixed with the fixing ring 11 on the inner side surface of the buoy 4, and three buoy 4 submergence depth marking areas 13, 13-1 and 13-2 are arranged on the side surface of the buoy 4 shown in the figures 3 and 4: the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the ideal working area 13-1 and the anchor chain releasing area 13 are all provided with water level sensors, when the water inlet position of the buoy 4 corresponds to which section, the water level sensors transmit detected data to the microprocessor, and when the microprocessor only receives a water level signal transmitted by the water level sensors of the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the microprocessor judges that the buoy 4 is positioned in the anchor chain tightening area 13-2; when the microprocessor receives water level signals transmitted by the water level sensors in the anchor chain tightening area 13-2 and the ideal working area 13-1, the microprocessor judges that the buoy 4 is in the ideal working area 13-1; when the microprocessor receives water level signals transmitted by the water level sensors of the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the ideal working area 13-1 and the anchor chain releasing area 13, the microprocessor judges that the buoy 4 is positioned in the anchor chain releasing area 13; under the conventional ideal working condition, the water inlet position of the buoy 4 is in an ideal working area 13-1, at the moment, the anchor chain 15 is contracted to the water depth range, although the anchor chain 15 is always under the action of the pretension force of the buoy 4 and the component force of the buoy 4 pushed by water flow, the component force of the water flow is far smaller than the pretension force of the buoy 4, the anchor chain 15 is approximately vertical, and the convolution error of the buoy 4 can be ignored; external air flow flows into the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36 through the side face of the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity 36, and is guided into the air guide pipe 19 through the plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles 18, so that the external air flow is converted into vertically downward air flow to enter the air guide pipe 19, and flows to the wind impeller 20 through the tail end of the air guide pipe 19, so that the wind impeller 20 rotates, the rotating wind impeller 20 drives the vertical wind impeller shaft 5 to rotate, at the moment, the sliding gear 33 is meshed with the wind power gear 34, so that the vertical wind impeller shaft 5 drives the wind power shaft 32 to move, and the micro wind power unit is driven to perform power generation operation, electric energy generated by the micro wind power unit is stored by the rechargeable battery pack, and power is provided for the buoy signal lamp and the control system; at the moment, the electromagnetic clutch 35 is electrified, the clutch is in a combined state, and the reducer output shaft 27 and the gear shaft 26 are in a combined state; the electromagnetic brake controls the chain wheel brake hub 22 to tightly hold the chain wheel shaft 24, and the brake holding resistance of the chain wheel brake hub 22 can protect the fatigue impact of the anchor chain 15 on the speed reducer caused by the fluctuating waves; when severe working conditions occur, if the buoy 4 is accidentally impacted by a ship, the buoy 4 is immediately deviated from a positioning point, at the moment, the upper end of the anchor chain 15 is tightly embraced by the chain wheel brake hub 22 and cannot be extended under the self-locking combined action of the reducer output shaft 27, the triangle chord length of the buoy 4 is unchanged, the length in the horizontal direction is lengthened, the length in the vertical direction must be shortened, the buoy 4 must sink rapidly, water level signals detected by the water level sensors in the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the ideal working area 13-1 and the anchor chain release area 13 are increased and are transmitted to the microprocessor, the microprocessor judges that the buoy 4 is positioned in the anchor chain release area 13, the microprocessor controls the electromagnetic clutch 35 to be powered off, the electromagnetic clutch 35 performs separation action, meanwhile, the microprocessor controls the electromagnetic brake to release the band-type brake on the chain wheel shaft 24 to the chain wheel brake hub 22, and at the, the band-type brake resistance of the chain wheel brake hub 22 is not enough to overcome the tension of the anchor chain 15, the chain wheel 12 rotates to release the anchor chain 15 under the action of the tension of the anchor chain 15, the outer wheel 23 of the step of the chain wheel drives the helical gear 25 to idle, the chain wheel 12 pulls the anchor chain 15 in the auxiliary channel 16 to compensate the anchor chain 15 in the telescopic channel 14, so that the anchor chain 15 in the telescopic channel 14 moves outwards, and the extended anchor chain 15 ensures that the buoy 4 does not sink continuously beyond the anchor chain release area 13; when the severe working condition disappears, the anchor chain 15 is in an extension state, the part of the anchor chain 15, which is positioned under the buoy 4, is approximately in a vertical state, the anchor chain 15, which is positioned above the contact ring 3, is basically in a horizontal state along water flow impact due to lack of vertical tension of the buoy 4 on the anchor chain, the water inlet position of the buoy 4 is in an anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the convolution error of the buoy 4 is large, at the moment, when the microprocessor only receives a water level signal transmitted by a water level sensor of the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the microprocessor judges that the buoy 4 is positioned in the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the microprocessor controls the poking device to be started, the poking motor is started, the poking motor drives the poking gear to move, the moving poking gear drives the poking rack to move, the moved poking rack drives the pair of poking rods to move, and the pair of poking rods are clamped on, the motor is shifted to continuously drive the sliding gear 33 to move to the bottom end of the sliding groove 30, at the moment, the sliding gear 33 can be meshed with the input gear 29, so that the sliding gear 33 can drive the input gear 29 to move, the moving input gear 29 drives the speed reducer input shaft 28 to move, the worm and gear speed reducer 21 drives the speed reducer output shaft 27 to move, meanwhile, the microprocessor controls the electromagnetic clutch 35 to be electrified, the clutch is in a combined state, and the microprocessor controls the electromagnetic brake to release the contracting brake on the sprocket brake hub 22 to the sprocket shaft 24, therefore, the speed reducer output shaft 27 can drive the gear shaft 26 to move, the sprocket step outer wheel 23 is driven to move through the meshing of the helical gear 25 on the gear shaft 26 and the sprocket step outer wheel 23, the sprocket step outer wheel 23 drives the sprocket 12 to move through the sprocket shaft 24, the anchor chain 15 on the sprocket 12 is driven, and the anchor chain 15 enters the buoy 4, the anchor chain 15 is sent into the auxiliary channel 16 through the meshing of the chain wheel 12, so that the anchor chain 15 falls into the water through the auxiliary channel 16, and the tightening action of the anchor chain 15 is realized; if the airflow caused by the external wind speed is weak, the airflow guided by the horn-shaped wind guide nozzle 18 through the wind guide pipe 19 is small, so that the rotating speed of the wind impeller 20 is reduced, at the moment, the rotating speed sensor detects that the rotating speed of the vertical wind impeller shaft 5 is reduced, data is transmitted to the microprocessor, the microprocessor judges that the airflow converted by the wind guide pipe 19 cannot push the wind impeller 20 to rotate through comparison with a preset threshold value so as to tighten the anchor chain 15, the control system performs the intermittent gap tightening process of the anchor chain 15, the microprocessor controls the starting of the shifter, the shifting motor is started, the shifting motor drives the shifting gear to move, the moving shifting gear drives the shifting rack to move, the moving shifting rack drives the pair of shifting rods to move, the pair of shifting rods are clamped on the sliding gear 33, so that the sliding gear 33 can be driven to move towards the wind gear 34 side along the sliding groove, the shifting motor stops moving, the sliding gear 33 is located in the middle of the sliding groove 30 at the moment, the sliding gear 33 is not meshed with the wind power gear 34 and the input gear 29, the sliding gear 33 is in an idle state, the vertical wind blade shaft 5 is in an unloaded state, the wind blade wheel 20 can push the wind blade wheel 20 to rotate under the condition of no load, when the wind blade wheel 20 drives the vertical wind blade shaft 5 to reach a certain rotating speed, the rotating speed sensor transmits detection data to the microprocessor, the microprocessor judges through comparison with a preset threshold value that the wind blade wheel 20 can be pushed to rotate by the airflow converted by the wind guide pipe 19 to tighten the anchor chain 15, the microprocessor controls the shifting device to start, the shifting motor drives the shifting gear to move, the moving shifting gear drives the shifting rack to move, the moving shifting rack drives the pair of shifting rods to move, and the pair of shifting rods are clamped on the sliding gear 33, therefore, the sliding gear 33 can be driven to move towards the input gear 29 along the sliding groove 30, the microcontroller controls the shifting motor to start for a certain time, the sliding gear 33 is enabled to move to the bottom end of the sliding groove 30, the sliding gear 33 is meshed with the input gear 29, and finally the purpose of tightening the anchor chain 15 is achieved, the worm and gear speed reducer 21 is used reversely like the braking force of a vehicle, the inertia quantity of the rotation of the wind impeller 20 is converted into instant impact force to push the speed reducer to rotate in a micro-scale mode, the wind impeller 20 stops or is lower than a certain rotating speed after the speed reducer rotates in a micro-scale mode, the microprocessor controls the shifting device to move according to the mode, the vertical wind impeller shaft 5 is in a non-load state, the wind impeller 20 is meshed after recovering the certain rotating speed, and the operation is repeated until the anchor chain 15 pulls the. The length of the anchor chain 15 is contracted to the water depth range, the contraction mechanism enables the redundant anchor chain 15 auxiliary channels 16 to fall into water, in order to avoid the winding of the anchor chain 15 falling into the water and the anchor chain 15 of the telescopic channel 14, the telescopic channel 14 and the auxiliary channels 16 keep a certain distance, and the anchor chains 15 are arranged in parallel under the action of self weight. After the buoy 4 enters the ideal working area 13-1, the contraction of the anchor chain 15 is completed, the microprocessor receives the detection data of the water level sensors in the ideal working area 13-1 and the anchor chain tightening area 13-2, the microprocessor controls the kick-off device to start, the kick-off device drives the sliding gear 33 to be meshed with the wind power gear 34 to drive the wind power shaft 32 to move, so that the wind power shaft 32 drives the miniature wind power generator set to generate electric energy, the rechargeable battery pack stores the electric energy, and meanwhile, the microprocessor controls the sprocket brake hub 22 on the electromagnetic brake to brake the sprocket shaft 24 to enable the sprocket 12 to be in a stable stop state; wherein, the fixed slot 6 is fixed with the wind-guiding ring 9, the wind-guiding strip 10 on the wind-guiding ring 9 plays the purpose of guiding the air current; the protective projection 31 can prevent the sliding gear 33 from sliding out of the sliding groove 30; the buoy comprises an upper cylinder 7 and a lower inverted circular truncated cone 8.

Example 2:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal pyramid vent cavity 36 is a triangular pyramid vent cavity.

Example 3:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a rectangular-pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 4:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a pentagonal-pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 5:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a hexagonal pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 6:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a heptapyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 7:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is an octagonal-pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 8:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a nine-pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 9:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity 36 is a deca-pyramid ventilation cavity.

Example 10:

a method and a device for fixing a navigation buoy are different from those in embodiment 1 in that: any connecting part of the shifting lever and the sliding gear 33 is provided with a matching wheel, so that rolling friction is carried out between the sliding gear 33 and the shifting lever, and the service lives of the sliding gear 33 and the shifting lever can be effectively prolonged.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the present invention, but rather as the following description is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fixing a navigation buoy is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for fixing the navigation buoy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detailed steps of step 1 are that, firstly, buoy positioning points are determined, after the buoy positioning points are determined, fixing pile positioning points are determined according to the length of the cable chain, and the fixing pile is driven into a river bed or a sea bed by using special piling equipment to fix the fixing pile; one end of each cable chain is fixed on the fixing pile, the other end of each cable chain is fixed on the contact ring, the three cable chains are sequentially and fixedly connected, after the three cable chains are fixed, the cable chains are in a horizontally tightened state, and at the moment, the contact rings and the three cable chains form the herringbone cable chains.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step 2 is detailed by fixing one end of the anchor chain to the contact ring so that the anchor chain is stably connected to the contact ring, feeding the other end of the anchor chain into the extension passage through an extension passage inlet provided at a bottom end of the float to engage with the sprocket, sliding the excess anchor chain out of the float through the auxiliary passage, fixing the other end of the anchor chain to the fixing ring, disposing the rest of the extension mechanism in the float and connecting with the sprocket, and completing the setting of the extension mechanism; respectively fixing the water level sensors in the ranges of the three mark areas; fixing a rotating speed sensor on a vertical fan blade shaft; the control system is arranged in the buoy, and the control system, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are connected with the telescopic mechanism.

4. The method for fixing the navigation buoy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3 is detailed in that a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles are fixed on the side wall of the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity, the horn-shaped air guide nozzles are connected to the air guide pipe in a staggered mode, the air outlet of the air guide pipe is opposite to the vertical fan blade shaft, and the air outlet of the air guide pipe can blow a fan blade; fixing the shifter in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity to enable the shifter to be matched with a sliding gear on a vertical fan blade shaft; then the rest parts of the wind power generation mechanism are arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, then the wind power generation mechanism is connected with the rechargeable battery pack, and the shifter is connected with the control system; finally, the mounted polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity is mounted on the buoy; and finishing the fixation of the navigation buoy.

5. A navigation buoy is characterized by comprising a contact ring, wherein three cable chains which are matched with each other are arranged on the contact ring, and a fixing pile is arranged at one end part of any cable chain, which is far away from the contact ring; the anchor chain is arranged on the contact ring, a floating barrel connected with the anchor chain is arranged at one end of the anchor chain, which is far away from the contact ring, and a fixing ring connected with the anchor chain is arranged in the floating barrel; a telescopic mechanism and a control system are arranged in the floating barrel; the floating barrel is provided with a polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, and a wind power generation mechanism matched with the floating barrel is arranged in the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity; and the wind power generation mechanism and the telescopic mechanism are electrically connected with the control system.

6. The navigational buoy of claim 5, wherein the telescoping mechanism includes a telescoping passage and a worm gear reducer disposed on an axial center within the buoy; an auxiliary channel in clearance fit with the telescopic channel is arranged on one side of the telescopic channel; a chain wheel matched with the telescopic channel and the auxiliary channel is arranged in the buoy, the chain wheel is meshed with the anchor chain, a chain wheel shaft is arranged on a chain wheel shaft center, a chain wheel step outer wheel is arranged on the chain wheel shaft, a helical gear meshed with the chain wheel step outer wheel is arranged on one side of the chain wheel step outer wheel, and a gear shaft is arranged on the axis of the helical gear; an electromagnetic brake is arranged on one side of the chain wheel, which is far away from the anchor chain, and the electromagnetic brake comprises a chain wheel brake hub matched with a chain wheel shaft; the worm and gear speed reducer comprises a speed reducer output shaft and a speed reducer input shaft, wherein the speed reducer output shaft is in clearance fit with a gear shaft, and an electromagnetic clutch in clearance fit with the gear shaft is arranged on the speed reducer output shaft; and an input gear is arranged on the input shaft of the speed reducer.

7. The navigation buoy as claimed in claim 6, wherein the wind power generation mechanism comprises a wind guide pipe arranged in the polygonal-pyramid ventilation cavity, a micro wind turbine unit arranged in the buoy, and a vertical blade shaft arranged in the buoy and matched with the wind guide pipe, wherein one end of the vertical blade shaft is provided with a wind impeller which is symmetrical relative to the vertical blade shaft, and the other end of the vertical blade shaft is provided with a sliding gear matched with the input gear; the miniature wind turbine generator set comprises a wind turbine generator shaft, and a wind turbine gear matched with the sliding gear is arranged at one end of the wind turbine generator shaft; a shifter matched with the sliding gear is arranged in the floating barrel; the air guide pipe is provided with a plurality of horn-shaped air guide nozzles connected with the side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilation cavity, the horn-shaped air guide nozzles are connected with the air guide pipe in a staggered manner, and one end, far away from the horn-shaped air guide nozzles, of the air guide pipe is matched with the air impeller; ventilating windows are arranged on any side surface of the polygonal pyramid ventilating cavity body and are similar to shutter-shaped ventilating windows; and a water outlet is formed in the side surface of the multi-pyramid cavity.

8. The navigation buoy of claim 7, wherein the shifter includes a shifting motor connected to a shifting rack through a shifting gear, the shifting rack cooperating with a shifting chute provided in the buoy through a shifting slide rail on the shifting rack; a pair of shifting rods matched with the sliding gear are arranged on the shifting rack; the toggle motor is a forward and reverse rotating motor.

9. The navigation buoy as claimed in claim 5 or 8, wherein the buoy comprises an upper cylinder at the upper part and a lower inverted circular truncated cone matched with the upper cylinder, a pair of fixing grooves surrounding the periphery of the upper cylinder for one circle are formed in the side surface of the upper cylinder, an air guide ring matched with the fixing grooves is arranged on the fixing grooves, a plurality of air guide strips in clearance fit are arranged on the air guide ring, and one end, close to the lower inverted circular truncated cone, of any one air guide strip is fixedly connected with the air guide ring; the micro generator set is electrically connected with a rechargeable battery pack which is arranged at the bottom end of the inverted circular truncated cone and is axisymmetric relative to the inverted circular truncated cone; the side surface of the buoy is provided with three mark areas, and a water level sensor is arranged on any mark area; a rotating speed sensor is arranged on the vertical fan blade shaft; and a buoy signal lamp is arranged on the upper cylinder.

10. The navigational buoy of claim 9, wherein the control system includes a microprocessor; the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the toggle motor, the water level sensor and the rotating speed sensor are all electrically connected with the microprocessor; the rechargeable battery pack is electrically connected with the electromagnetic brake, the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting motor, the water level sensor, the rotating speed sensor and the buoy signal lamp.