CN112247330A - Spot welding tool for improving appearance quality of curved surface part and spot welding process thereof - Google Patents
Spot welding tool for improving appearance quality of curved surface part and spot welding process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112247330A CN112247330A CN202011061377.XA CN202011061377A CN112247330A CN 112247330 A CN112247330 A CN 112247330A CN 202011061377 A CN202011061377 A CN 202011061377A CN 112247330 A CN112247330 A CN 112247330A
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- curved surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
- B23K11/31—Electrode holders and actuating devices therefor
- B23K11/314—Spot welding guns, e.g. mounted on robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment
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- Robotics (AREA)
- Resistance Welding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part and a spot welding process thereof, belonging to the technical field of spot welding process development of automobile covering parts. According to the invention, through a special welding fixture and a profiling lower electrode, a spot welding process of a medium-frequency inversion servo robot welding system and an additional copper base plate is adopted, and through a shear test and a metallographic examination, on the premise of ensuring that the strength of a welding joint meets the design requirement of a product, the problem of the appearance quality of spot welding of a curved surface part can be well solved, and the outer surface of a welding spot has no obvious deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spot welding process development of automobile covering parts, and particularly relates to a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part and a spot welding process thereof.
Background
The traditional spot welding has the advantages of high production efficiency, easy realization of automation and the like, is the most widely applied welding method in the vehicle body manufacturing, and influences the application of the spot welding on surface parts due to the existence of the indentation. If the spot welding position of the automobile covering part is a plane, the spot welding process of the additional copper base plate is usually adopted, for the curved surface part with a complex shape and poor rigidity, the common resistance welding equipment is difficult to ensure that the electrode is vertical to the welding surface, and large welding deformation is easy to generate after spot welding, so that the appearance quality of the curved surface part is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide. The invention aims to provide a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part and a spot welding process thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part comprises a spot welding robot welding gun 1, a curved surface part 2, a clamp 3, a positioner 4 and a profiling lower electrode 5; the clamp 3 consists of a clamp base 3-1, a clamp main body 3-2, two clamps 3-3, a front end positioning plate 3-4, a positioning baffle 3-5 and a positioning block 3-6; the top surface of the clamp base 3-1 is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped clamp main body 3-2, two clamps 3-3 are arranged on one side of the clamp main body 3-2, a positioning block 3-6 is arranged on the other side of the clamp main body 3-2, the top end of the positioning block 3-6 is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle 3-5, and the front end of the top surface of the clamp main body 3-2 is fixedly connected with a front end positioning plate 3-4; the profiling lower electrode 5 is located in the middle of the clamp body 3-2, the curved surface part 2 is placed on the profiling lower electrode 5, the spot welding robot welding gun 1 is located above the curved surface part 2, and the clamp base 3-1 is fixed on the positioner 4.
Preferably, guide grooves 3-2-1 are formed in the left side and the right side of the clamp body 3-2, and the two clamps 3-3 are movably connected into the guide grooves 3-2-1 on one side; the positioning block 3-6 is connected with the guide groove 3-2-1 at the other side of the clamp main body 3-2.
Preferably, the front end positioning plate 3-4 is provided with a front end positioning pin 3-4-1, and the positioning baffle plate 3-5 and the positioning block 3-6 are both provided with positioning pins 3-7.
Preferably, a through hole 3-1-1 is formed in the position, on the same side of the clamp base 3-1 and the clamp 3-3; the bottom of a clamp base 3-1 of the clamp 3 is fixedly connected to a turnover mechanism on the positioner 4 through a through hole 3-1-1.
Preferably, the curved surface part 2 consists of a curved surface part upper part 2-1 and a curved surface part lower part 2-2, the curved surface part upper part 2-1 is fixed on the curved surface part lower part 2-2, the curved surface part lower part 2-2 is fixed on the profiling lower electrode 5 through a front end positioning plate 3-4, the curved surface part upper part 2-1 and the curved surface part lower part 2-2 are clamped and fixed through a clamp 3-3, and the other side of the curved surface part upper part 2-1 and the curved surface part lower part 2-2 is fixed through a positioning baffle 3-5.
Preferably, the upper part 2-1 of the curved part is fixed on the profiling lower electrode 5 through a front end positioning pin 3-4-1 on a front end positioning plate 3-4, the side surfaces of the upper part 2-1 of the curved part and the lower part 2-2 of the curved part are clamped and fixed through a clamp 3-3, and the other side of the curved part is fixed through a positioning pin 3-7 on a positioning baffle 3-5.
Preferably, the profiling lower electrode 5 is made of chromium pickaxe copper.
Preferably, the assembly clearance between the profiling lower electrode 5 and the curved surface part 2 is not more than 1mm, and the assembly clearance between the upper part 2-1 of the curved surface part and the lower part 2-2 of the curved surface part is not more than 1 mm.
The invention also aims to provide a spot welding process of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part, which comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of positioning a curved surface part on a copying lower electrode through a front end positioning pin and a positioning pin, fixing a clamp main body on the copying lower electrode, fixedly connecting the bottom of a clamp base on a turnover mechanism on a position changing machine through a through hole, fixing the clamp main body on the clamp base, enabling a guide groove to achieve front and back and left and right movement of the curved surface part, positioning the curved surface part through the positioning block and the positioning pin, fixing the upper part and the lower part of the curved surface part through clamps, fixing a clamped mechanism on the position changing machine, adopting a welding robot, selecting a single-electrode welding gun, programming through welding teaching of the welding robot, enabling the central line of the copying lower electrode to be consistent with the central line of a welding spot on the curved surface part, carrying out normal direction spot welding of any point on a spatial curved surface.
The current output is controlled, the welding current can be reduced by 25-30% compared with the welding current in alternating current welding, the service life of the electrode can be prolonged, and the appearance quality of spot welding can be ensured.
Preferably, the welding parameters of the welding are as follows: welding current is 6000-10000A, welding time is 60-120 ms, electrode pressure is 1500-2500N, spot welding operation is completed through a robot welding gun, and finally welding spots with the spot diameter of 5.0-7.0 mm are formed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has the advantages of good welding effect, reliable quality, high production efficiency and good safety. The stability of spot welding quality and the appearance quality of welding spots can be ensured. The application effect is very good in production, and a powerful technical guarantee is provided for the spot welding of the curved surface of the automobile body covering part.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixture of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a base of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a curved surface part of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to the invention;
in the figure: the spot welding robot comprises a spot welding robot welding gun 1, a curved surface part 2, a clamp 3, a positioner 4, a profiling lower electrode 5, a clamp base 3-1, a clamp main body 3-2, a clamp 3-3, a front end positioning plate 3-4, a positioning baffle 3-5, a positioning block 3-6, a positioning pin 3-7, a through hole 3-1-1, a guide groove 3-2-1, a front end positioning pin 3-4-1, a curved surface part upper portion 2-1 and a curved surface part lower portion 2-2.
Detailed Description
For clearly and completely describing the technical scheme and the specific working process thereof, the specific implementation mode of the invention is as follows by combining the attached drawings of the specification:
in the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part comprises a spot welding robot welding gun 1, a curved surface part 2, a clamp 3, a position changer 4 and a profiling lower electrode 5, wherein the clamp 3 consists of a clamp base 3-1, a clamp main body 3-2, clamps 3-3, a front end positioning plate 3-4, a positioning baffle 3-5 and a positioning block 3-6, the top surface of the clamp base 3-1 is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped clamp main body 3-2, guide grooves 3-2-1 are formed in the left side and the right side of the clamp main body 3-2, the profiling lower electrode 5 is arranged in the middle of the clamp main body 3-2, the two clamps 3-3 are arranged on one side of the clamp main body 3-2 and movably connected through the guide grooves 3-2-1, the bottom ends of the positioning baffle 3-5 are fixedly, the positioning block 3-6 is connected with the guide groove 3-2-1 at the other side of the clamp main body 3-2, the front end of the top surface of the clamp main body 3-2 is fixedly connected with a front end positioning plate 3-4, a front end positioning pin 3-4-1 is arranged on the front end positioning plate 3-4, positioning baffle plates 3-5 and the positioning block 3-6 are both provided with positioning pins 3-7, and the position of the clamp base 3-1 at the same side as the clamp 3-3 is provided with a through hole 3-1-1; the bottom of a clamp base 3-1 of a clamp 3 is fixedly connected to a turnover mechanism on a positioner 4 through a through hole 3-1-1, a curved surface part 2 is placed on a profiling lower electrode 5, the curved surface part 2 is divided into a curved surface part upper part 2-1 and a curved surface part lower part 2-2, the curved surface part lower part 2-2 is fixed on the curved surface part lower part 2-2 through a front end positioning pin 3-4-1 on a front end positioning plate 3-4, the side surfaces of the curved surface part upper part 2-1 and the curved surface part lower part 2-2 are clamped and fixed through a clamp 3-3, and the other side surface of the curved surface part upper part 2-1 and the curved surface part lower part 2-; the spot welding robot welding gun 1 is positioned above the curved surface part 2.
Example 2
A spot welding process of a spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of positioning a curved surface part on a copying lower electrode through a front end positioning pin and a positioning pin, fixing a clamp main body on the copying lower electrode, fixedly connecting the bottom of a clamp base on a turnover mechanism on a position changing machine through a through hole, fixing the clamp main body on the clamp base, enabling a guide groove to achieve front and back and left and right movement of the curved surface part, positioning the curved surface part through the positioning block and the positioning pin, fixing the upper part and the lower part of the curved surface part through clamps, fixing a clamped mechanism on the position changing machine, adopting a welding robot, selecting a single-electrode welding gun, programming through welding teaching of the welding robot, enabling the central line of the copying lower electrode to be consistent with the central line of a welding spot on the curved surface part, carrying out normal direction spot welding of any point on a spatial curved surface.
The current output is controlled, the welding current can be reduced by 25-30% compared with the welding current in alternating current welding, the service life of the electrode can be prolonged, and the appearance quality of spot welding can be ensured.
The curved surface part has 4 welding spots, 1 welding robot is adopted for determination, and a single electrode welding gun is selected. The center line of the upper electrode is consistent with the center line of the welding point through teaching programming of the welding robot, and normal direction spot welding of any point on the space curved surface can be carried out. The welding power supply adopts a medium-frequency inverter power supply, the current output can be controlled more accurately, the used welding current can be reduced by 25-30% compared with that in the alternating current welding, the service life of the electrode can be prolonged, and the appearance quality of spot welding can be ensured.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of a curved surface part is characterized by comprising a spot welding robot welding gun (1), a curved surface part (2), a clamp (3), a positioner (4) and a profiling lower electrode (5); the clamp (3) consists of a clamp base (3-1), a clamp main body (3-2), two clamps (3-3), a front end positioning plate (3-4), a positioning baffle (3-5) and a positioning block (3-6); the top surface of the clamp base (3-1) is fixedly connected with a plate-shaped clamp main body (3-2), two clamps (3-3) are arranged on one side of the clamp main body (3-2), a positioning block (3-6) is arranged on the other side of the clamp main body (3-2), the top end of the positioning block (3-6) is fixedly connected with a positioning baffle (3-5), and the front end of the top surface of the clamp main body (3-2) is fixedly connected with a front end positioning plate (3-4); the profiling lower electrode (5) is located in the middle of the clamp main body (3-2), the curved surface part (2) is placed on the profiling lower electrode (5), the spot welding robot welding gun (1) is located above the curved surface part (2), and the clamp base (3-1) is fixed on the positioner (4).
2. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 1, wherein guide grooves (3-2-1) are formed in the left side and the right side of the clamp body (3-2), and the two clamps (3-3) are movably connected into the guide grooves (3-2-1) on one side; the positioning block (3-6) is connected with the guide groove (3-2-1) at the other side of the clamp main body (3-2).
3. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 1, wherein a front end positioning pin (3-4-1) is arranged on the front end positioning plate (3-4), and positioning pins (3-7) are arranged on the positioning baffle plate (3-5) and the positioning block (3-6).
4. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 1, wherein a through hole (3-1-1) is formed in the position, on the same side of the clamp base (3-1) and the clamp (3-3); the bottom of a clamp base (3-1) of the clamp (3) is fixedly connected to a turnover mechanism on the positioner (4) through a through hole (3-1-1).
5. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 1, wherein the curved surface part (2) consists of a curved surface part upper part (2-1) and a curved surface part lower part (2-2), the curved surface part upper part (2-1) is fixed on the curved surface part lower part (2-2), the curved surface part lower part (2-2) is fixed on the profiling lower electrode (5) through a front end positioning plate (3-4), the side surfaces of the curved surface part upper part (2-1) and the curved surface part lower part (2-2) are clamped and fixed through a clamp (3-3), and the other side surface of the curved surface part upper part (2-1) and the curved surface part lower part (2-2) is fixed through a positioning baffle (3-5.
6. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 5, wherein the upper part (2-1) of the curved surface part is fixed on the profiling lower electrode (5) through a front end positioning pin (3-4-1) on a front end positioning plate (3-4), the side surfaces of the upper part (2-1) and the lower part (2-2) of the curved surface part are clamped and fixed through a clamp (3-3), and the other side surface of the upper part and the lower part of the curved surface part are fixed through a positioning pin (3-7) on a positioning baffle (3-5).
7. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 1, wherein the profiling lower electrode (5) is made of chromium pickaxe copper.
8. The spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 5, wherein the assembly gap between the profiling lower electrode (5) and the curved surface part (2) is not more than 1mm, and the assembly gap between the upper part (2-1) of the curved surface part and the lower part (2-2) of the curved surface part is not more than 1 mm.
9. The spot welding process of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part, according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
the method comprises the steps of positioning a curved surface part on a copying lower electrode through a front end positioning pin and a positioning pin, fixing a clamp main body on the copying lower electrode, fixedly connecting the bottom of a clamp base on a turnover mechanism on a position changing machine through a through hole, fixing the clamp main body on the clamp base, enabling a guide groove to achieve front and back and left and right movement of the curved surface part, positioning the curved surface part through the positioning block and the positioning pin, fixing the upper part and the lower part of the curved surface part through clamps, fixing a clamped mechanism on the position changing machine, adopting a welding robot, selecting a single-electrode welding gun, programming through welding teaching of the welding robot, enabling the central line of the copying lower electrode to be consistent with the central line of a welding spot on the curved surface part, carrying out normal direction spot welding of any point on a spatial curved surface.
10. The spot welding process of the spot welding tool for improving the appearance quality of the curved surface part according to claim 9, wherein welding parameters of the welding are as follows: welding current is 6000-10000A, welding time is 60-120 ms, electrode pressure is 1500-2500N, spot welding operation is completed through a robot welding gun, and finally welding spots with the spot diameter of 5.0-7.0 mm are formed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011061377.XA CN112247330A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Spot welding tool for improving appearance quality of curved surface part and spot welding process thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011061377.XA CN112247330A (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Spot welding tool for improving appearance quality of curved surface part and spot welding process thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115319255A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司 | Curved surface positioning clamping electrode, welding method and spot welding machine |
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| US4591687A (en) * | 1982-03-04 | 1986-05-27 | Paul Opprecht | Electrical resistance-pressure welding process for welding parts of workpieces made of aluminum materials and an apparatus and electrode therefor |
| CN202461796U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-10-03 | 北京星航机电设备厂 | Spot-welding spacing tool device of slope component |
| CN105290674A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 | Special-shaped spot welding lower electrode stretching into outer ring assembly |
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| CN108319748A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-24 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The design method of shaped electrode for web plate resistance spot welding |
| CN207681713U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-08-03 | 烟台中瑞汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of soldering part projection welding device |
| CN108746972A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波格罗勃自动化有限公司 | Automatic machinery people is spot welded equipment |
| CN109623118A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-16 | 资兴市粤兴汽车零部件制造有限公司 | A kind of mash welder for the welding of automobile exhaust pipe link position locating plate |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4591687A (en) * | 1982-03-04 | 1986-05-27 | Paul Opprecht | Electrical resistance-pressure welding process for welding parts of workpieces made of aluminum materials and an apparatus and electrode therefor |
| CN202461796U (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-10-03 | 北京星航机电设备厂 | Spot-welding spacing tool device of slope component |
| CN105290674A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-03 | 北京航科发动机控制系统科技有限公司 | Special-shaped spot welding lower electrode stretching into outer ring assembly |
| CN106925875A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-07 | 松下压缩机(大连)有限公司 | Compressor junction box assembly welding tooling and welding method |
| CN207681713U (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-08-03 | 烟台中瑞汽车零部件有限公司 | A kind of soldering part projection welding device |
| CN108319748A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-07-24 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The design method of shaped electrode for web plate resistance spot welding |
| CN108746972A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-06 | 宁波格罗勃自动化有限公司 | Automatic machinery people is spot welded equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115319255A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 湖北超卓航空科技股份有限公司 | Curved surface positioning clamping electrode, welding method and spot welding machine |
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Application publication date: 20210122 |