CN112244990A

CN112244990A - Cryosurgical instrument for organism and biological sample collection method

Info

Publication number: CN112244990A
Application number: CN202011135723.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王军; 王朋帅
Original assignee: Shaoxing Gaoyanzhi Biotechnology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shaoxing Gaoyanzhi Biotechnology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-22
Filing date: 2020-10-22
Publication date: 2021-01-22

Abstract

The invention relates to a cryosurgical instrument for a living body and a biological sample collection method. The cryosurgical instrument includes a probe for obtaining a sample, a tubing assembly, and a support assembly. The invention provides that the probe is stretched and rotated in the supporting component through the pipeline component, so that the biological tissue sample can be easily separated from the tissue after being frozen, and the surrounding tissue is basically kept in the original position without any adverse load by virtue of the supporting function of the supporting component.

Description

Cryosurgical instrument for organism and biological sample collection method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of biological instruments, in particular to a cryosurgical instrument for a living body and a method for collecting a biological sample.

Background

In cryosurgery, targeted, controlled cooling applications are used to necrose biological tissue. In particular, with flexible probes, foreign bodies are removed from the body cavity by freezing on the cryoprobes or probe heads, so that, for example, ingested foreign bodies, which are accidentally inhaled in the process, must be removed from the respiratory tract. Cryosurgery is also suitable for taking tissue samples (biopsies), in which a defined tissue region, i.e. a tissue sample, is frozen on the probe head and, after separation from the surrounding tissue, is investigated.

For deep freezing in surgery, there are different possibilities one possibility is based on the Joule-Thomson-effect: the mutual attraction between atoms or molecules of the gas expanding at the transition temperature is counteracted so that the gas loses internal energy. CO is generally used₂Or N₂As expanded gas, in the following referred to as working gas or cooling gas.

Cryosurgical instruments of the type mentioned above usually have a probe that can be used on the tissue to be examined, and furthermore have a gas line arrangement that passes through the probe and discharges the working gas within the probe into the lumen of the probe, where it expands and thus cools the tip of the probe, i.e. the probe head. Since the probe head is preferably made of a material having a heat conducting capacity, it is ensured that the tissue heat is conducted through the probe head and thus the cooling effect is ensured.

Tissue samples are usually taken in a conventional manner by means of a jaw biopsy. But the samples collected are very small and are often crushed at the time of extraction. Biopsy by means of surgery allows very efficient sample collection. For biopsy purposes, a cryoprobe (rigid or flexible) is typically introduced through a working channel (also rigid or flexible) of the endoscope to a desired location, for example, within the gastrointestinal tract. The probe tip, i.e. the probe head, is placed on the tissue to be examined, e.g. the mucosa, and the tissue area, i.e. the tissue sample, is frozen on the probe head based on the above-mentioned freezing mechanism. The tissue or a subsequent tissue sample is therefore deposited on the cooled probe head and the frozen tissue is separated from the surrounding tissue by a short pulling movement.

A relatively large force needs to be applied for separation, which force must be applied by the user. In particular, there is the problem that the tissues to be examined move together during the separation process (i.e. during the pulling movement). For example, it is not possible to exert a large pulling force on the large intestine, since the large intestine is not fixed in the abdomen. If this is the case, the necessary tensile force can only be applied in pulses.

In this case, damage can occur in the surrounding tissue or the tissue sample cannot be taken at all because the surrounding tissue sinks too far. For example, the frozen tissue sample may be separated from the probe tip in advance, perhaps by pulling.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a cryosurgical instrument for a living body, which can extract a tissue sample with reliability and minimum damage to the tissue and can provide a high degree of safety to the living body, while solving the problem that the tissue sample needs to be separated by a pulling motion during the tissue separation process.

The present invention provides a cryosurgical instrument for living organisms, comprising:

a probe for obtaining a sample of tissue within an organism;

a tubing assembly for supplying cooling fluid from a gas source of a cryosurgical apparatus to the probe and discharging cooling fluid from the probe, wherein the probe is configured such that a defined tissue region for acquiring tissue within a living body can be cooled by means of the supplied fluid and rotationally separated from surrounding tissue within the living body with a tissue sample frozen on the probe;

a support assembly within which the probe is guided to be able to telescope and rotate relative to the support assembly such that the probe can be rotated and telescoped relative to the support assembly by means of a cooling fluid within the support assembly during separation of a sample.

Further, the probe is provided with a driving end connected to the inside of the supporting component and a probe end capable of being guided to the tissue to be detected; the driving end is provided with a driving wall which is driven to rotate, and the driving end is elastically connected into the supporting component, and the supporting component has a tendency of pulling the driving end back to the interior of the supporting component; the probe end is used for cooling the tissue in the organism.

Specifically, the pipe assembly comprises a first supply pipeline for supplying the refrigerating fluid, a first discharge pipeline for discharging the refrigerating fluid, a second supply pipeline for providing the pressure gas to push against the driving wall, and a second discharge pipeline for recovering the pressure gas.

Furthermore, the cryosurgical instrument further comprises a cryosurgical device and a holding device, wherein the probe, the support assembly, the holding device, the pipe assembly and the cryosurgical device are connected in sequence; the conduit assembly further comprises a transmission line for transmitting microwave electromagnetic energy; the supporting component also comprises a supporting pipe, one end of the supporting pipe is connected with the holding device, and the other end of the supporting pipe is elastically connected with the driving end of the probe; wherein the support tube further has a radiating end mounted at the distal end of the transmission line for receiving the microwave electromagnetic energy radiation from the transmission line into a detection zone around the radiating end; and the detection end of the probe can stretch and retract to be flush with the radiation end so that the radiation end is in contact with the detection area.

Further, the cryosurgical apparatus further comprises: a fluid supply source providing a chilled fluid through the first supply line and the first exhaust line to chill the detection zone, and a pressurized gas through the second supply line and the second exhaust line to impinge against the drive wall of the drive end to cause the probe to telescope and rotate.

Specifically, the supporting tube is hollow, and the probe can be integrally stretched into the supporting tube.

Preferably, the probe end is formed with a shape that is bent outward from the center of the probe.

The present invention also provides a method of biological sample collection using the cryosurgical instrument described above, the cryosurgical instrument comprising: a probe for obtaining a sample of tissue within an organism; a tubing assembly for supplying cooling fluid from a gas source of a cryosurgical apparatus to the probe and discharging cooling fluid from the probe, wherein the probe is configured such that a defined tissue region for acquiring tissue within a living body can be cooled by means of the supplied fluid and rotationally separated from surrounding tissue within the living body with a tissue sample frozen on the probe; a support assembly within which the probe is guided to be able to telescope and rotate relative to the support assembly such that the probe can be rotated and moved relative to the support assembly by means of a cooling fluid within the support assembly during separation of a sample;

the method comprises the following steps:

s1, guiding the probe to the tissue to be detected, so that the probe end is arranged on the tissue to be detected;

s2, supplying a cooling fluid to the detection end such that a defined tissue region for collecting a biological tissue sample is cooled and frozen on the detection end;

s3, relatively moving the support assembly and the probe, separating the biological tissue sample, and supporting the surrounding tissue by means of the support assembly during separation;

s4, recovering the biological tissue sample.

Further, the step S2 includes radiating microwave energy through the supporting assembly to the detection area after the biological tissue is frozen; in the step S3, the probe can be retracted and rotated relative to the support assembly.

Further, the step S3 further includes: detecting a temperature of a detection zone and controlling delivery of the microwave energy and delivery of a pressurized gas based on the detected temperature; and detecting a detected derived impedance and controlling delivery of the microwave energy based on the detected impedance.

Has the advantages that:

1. the present invention provides a support member for a probe within a living body by means of a support assembly, which can serve to support and maintain the position of surrounding tissue during separation of a tissue sample from the surrounding tissue.

2. The invention provides that the probe is stretched and rotated in the supporting component through the pipeline component, so that the biological tissue sample can be easily separated from the tissue after being frozen, and the surrounding tissue is basically kept in the original position without any adverse load by virtue of the supporting function of the supporting component.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the overall structure of a cryosurgical instrument for a living body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a probe and a support assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a probe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is an overall perspective view of the first supply line and the first discharge line according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a probe and support assembly of the present invention shown in close proximity to tissue within a living body.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the continued advancement of fig. 5 to the support assembly against the surface of tissue within the living being.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the probe of FIG. 6 being advanced further to the point where the probe abuts the surface of the tissue within the body.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the probe recovering a biological sample in a subsequent operation of FIG. 7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an alternative probe provided in embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an overall perspective view of an alternative first supply line and first drain line provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a support assembly with a radiating end and a temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a flow chart of a method for collecting a biological sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a flow chart of an alternative method of biological sample collection provided by an embodiment of the invention.

1 probe, 10 drive end, 100 drive wall, 1000 openings, 1001 annular flat surface, 1002 undercut, 11 probe end, 12 cooling cavity,

2 pipeline assembly, 20 first supply pipeline, 200 small holes, 201 limit part, 21 first discharge pipeline, 22 second supply pipeline, 220 pressure sensor, 23 second discharge pipeline, 24 transmission line,

3 support component, 30 support tube, 300 radiation end, 301 temperature sensor, 302 active cavity, 4 holding device,

5 cryosurgical device, 50 generators, 51 controllers, 52 fluid supplies,

6 biological tissue, 60 examination area, 61 surrounding tissue.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The invention provides a cryosurgical instrument for living body, as shown in fig. 1 to 11, comprising:

a probe 1 for obtaining a sample of a tissue in a living body;

a tubing assembly 2 for supplying cooling fluid from a gas source of the cryosurgical apparatus to the probe 1 and for discharging cooling fluid from the probe 1, wherein the probe 1 is constructed such that a defined tissue region for collecting tissue within a living body can be cooled by means of the supplied fluid and rotationally separated from surrounding tissue within the living body in a tissue sample frozen on the probe 1;

a support assembly 3 within which support assembly 3 probe 1 is guided to be able to telescope and rotate relative to support assembly 3 such that probe 1 can be rotated and telescoped relative to support assembly 3 by means of a cooling fluid within support assembly 3 during separation of a sample.

The present invention provides a support member for a probe within a living body by means of a support assembly, which can serve to support and maintain the position of surrounding tissue during separation of a tissue sample from the surrounding tissue. The invention provides that the probe is stretched and rotated in the supporting component through the pipeline component, so that the biological tissue sample can be easily separated from the tissue after being frozen, and the surrounding tissue is basically kept in the original position without any adverse load by virtue of the supporting function of the supporting component.

In a preferred embodiment, the probe 1 has a flexible shaft or catheter and can be guided through the instrument channel of a flexible endoscope onto the tissue to be examined.

In a particular embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the probe 1 has a driving end 10 connected inside the supporting member 3 and a probe end 11 capable of being guided onto the tissue to be detected; the driving end 10 is provided with a driving wall 100 which is driven to rotate, the driving end 10 is elastically connected into the supporting component 3, and the supporting component 3 has a tendency of pulling the driving end 10 back to the interior thereof; the probe end 11 is used to cool tissue within the organism. Specifically, the driving wall 100 can be formed in various shapes that can convert the force obtained by impacting the surface thereof into the rotation of the probe 1, such as a spiral step shape formed along the center of the driving end 10 toward the outer periphery, and when the pressure gas impacts the surface thereof, the step shape has a gas guiding function to guide the wind direction that is vertically blown to the driving wall 100 in the normal direction, and change the direction that is vertically blown to the radial direction of the driving wall 100, so as to generate a rotational torque function that drives the probe 1 to rotate and simultaneously push the probe 1 to move outward of the supporting member 3 under the action of the forward blowing to the driving wall 100.

In this way, in a specific driving manner, the wall 100 can be driven by the pressurized gas so that the driving end 10 rotates to drive the whole probe 1 to rotate, and simultaneously, under the impact of the pressurized gas, the driving end 10 extends out of the supporting component 3 while rotating.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the driving wall 100 is provided with an opening 1000 at the center for the connection of the first supply line 20, and an annular flat surface 1001 at the periphery for the connection of the elastic member to elastically connect with the inner wall of the supporting tube 30. The body portion of the drive wall 100 is formed with an undercut groove 1002. the undercut groove 1002 has a surface of the drive wall 100 which is undercut along the axis of the drive end 10 and extends in the circumferential direction of the drive end 10, so that when pressurized gas impacts the drive wall 100, pressurized gas is directed along the undercut groove 1002 in a direction perpendicular to the drive wall 100 to impact in the circumferential direction, thereby driving rotation of the probe 1. Specifically, the recessed grooves 1002 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the driving wall 100, and the extending direction of the recessed grooves 1002 should ensure that the guiding direction of the pressurized gas is consistent.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the first supply line 20 and the first discharge line 21 are integrally provided. Wherein the first supply line 20 has an end extending into the cooling chamber 12 and is proximal to the probe end 11. This integrated structure has a connection portion at the middle portion for tightly fitting the central opening 1000 of the driving wall 100, and a stopper portion 201 is protruded outward to prevent the first supply line 20 from completely escaping from the cooling chamber 12. Wherein the first discharge line 21 has one end extending into the cooling chamber 12.

In particular, the duct assembly 2 comprises a first supply duct 20 for the supply of the cryogenic fluid, a first discharge duct 21 for the discharge of the cryogenic fluid, a second supply duct 22 provided with a pressurized gas flush against the driving wall 100 and a second discharge duct 23 for the recovery of the pressurized gas.

The probe 1 also has a cavity formed therein for receiving a cryogenic fluid, the first supply line 20 and the first removal line 21 cooperating to receive the cryogenic fluid in the cavity. Thus, when the probe 1 has the probe end 11 close to or in vivo tissue, a single freezing zone can be formed at the probe end 11. In particular, the probe end 11 can be made of a rigid or flexible material having excellent heat transfer properties to facilitate the formation of a freezing zone thereabout. In particular, cooling surgical devices generally operate according to the joule-thomson effect, and the cryogenic fluid may be liquid nitrogen or liquid carbon dioxide, or the like.

Furthermore, the cryosurgical instrument further comprises a holding device 4 and a cryosurgical device 5, wherein the probe 1, the support assembly 3, the holding device 4, the pipe assembly 2 and the cryosurgical device 5 are connected in sequence;

the duct assembly 2 further includes a transmission line 24, the transmission line 24 for transmitting microwave electromagnetic energy; the pipe assembly 2 can be integrated to integrate the first supply pipeline 20, the first discharge pipeline 21, the second supply pipeline 22, the second discharge pipeline 23 and the transmission line 24 into one pipeline and guide the pipeline into the living body;

the supporting component 3 further comprises a supporting pipe 30, one end of the supporting pipe 30 is connected to the holding device 4, and the other end of the supporting pipe 30 is elastically connected with the driving end 10 of the probe 1; in a specific embodiment, the support tube 30 is hollow, the driving end 10 of the probe 1 is elastically connected to the support tube 30, and the probe 1 can be integrally extended and retracted into the support tube 30;

wherein, as shown in fig. 11, the support tube 30 also has a radiating end 300, located adjacent the probe end 11, mounted at the distal end of the transmission line 24 to receive microwave electromagnetic energy radiation from the transmission line 24 into a detection zone about the radiating end 300;

and, the probing end 11 of the probe 1 can be extended and retracted to the level of the radiating end 300 so that the radiating end 300 is in contact with the detection area.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, a movable cavity 302 is formed inside the support tube 30, and the probe 1 can rotate and push in the movable cavity 302. One end of the active chamber 302 is open and the other end is in communication with the fluid supply 52 via the tubing assembly 2. The side wall of the driving end 10 of the probe 1 is tightly matched with the side wall of the movable cavity 302 to divide the movable cavity 302 into two areas, and a sealed space, namely the second supply pipeline 22, is formed at the side of the movable cavity 302 extending towards the pipeline assembly 2 and is used for supplying gas under pressure. The detection end 11 of the probe 1 extends towards the opening of the movable cavity 302, and under the driving action on the driving end 10, the probe 1 can be driven to select and push, so that the detection end 11 of the probe 1 moves along the opening of the movable cavity 302.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the probe 1 has a cooling cavity 12 formed therein, and the first supply line 20 extends from the movable cavity 302 toward the side of the pipe assembly 2 extending through the center of the driving end 10 into the cooling cavity 12 and is closely fitted to the driving end 10. Specifically, the diameter of a part of the first supply pipeline 20 in the cooling cavity 12 is smaller than that of the cooling cavity 12, and the end of the first supply pipeline 20 in the cooling cavity 12 is provided with a small hole 200, so that the chilled fluid in the first supply pipeline 20 can be released from the small hole 200 into the cooling cavity 12 and flow to the detection end 11, so that the detection end 11 is kept with the chilled fluid moderately, the chilled fluid flows through the detection end 11 and then flows to the first discharge pipeline 21 from a gap between the cooling cavity 12 and the first supply pipeline 20, and a circulating pipeline of the chilled fluid is formed at the detection end 11, so that freezing and sampling effects of the detection end 11 are ensured.

More preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the probing end 11 is formed with a shape that is bent outward from the center of the probe. Due to the shape, the probe 1 can drive the probe end 11 to rotate when rotating, so that the freezing in a wider range is realized, the freezing effect of the detection area is more uniform, and the separation is facilitated. Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 10, the first supply line 20 and the end inside the cooling chamber 12 are also formed with a shape that is bent away from the center thereof to conform to the shape of the probe 11, thereby facilitating the release of the refrigerant fluid to a location near the probe 11.

In a further embodiment, the cryosurgical device 5 further comprises a fluid supply 52 for providing a cryogenic fluid through the first supply line 20 and the first exhaust line 21 to freeze the detection zone and a pressurized gas through the second supply line 22 and the second exhaust line 23 to impinge on the drive wall 100 of the drive end 10 to cause the probe 1 to telescope and rotate. Specifically, the source of the pressurized gas in the second supply line 22 may be the pressurized gas released after the freezing of the freezing fluid, such as liquid carbon dioxide, i.e., the second supply line 22 may be communicated with the first discharge line 21 for receiving the pressurized gas released after the freezing operation, so as to serve as the driving gas for the driving end 10.

In some embodiments, not only is the biological tissue frozen to facilitate sampling, but also the frozen tissue is ablated to better achieve separation of the tissue sample. The application of microwave energy to the frozen tissue enables the microwave energy to be further transmitted into the tissue sample, which enables the tissue sample to be rapidly ablated by the applied microwave energy, and simultaneously drives the biological tissue sample to be separated from the surrounding tissue, so that the separation is more complete, the adhesion is small, the damage is small, and the safety is high.

In particular, the cryosurgical device 5 provided by the present invention further comprises a generator 50 for providing microwave energy, the generator 50 being described in WO2012/076844 and being arranged to monitor reflected signals from the instrument in order to determine an appropriate power level for delivery. The generator may be connected to the interface joint by an interface cable. The interface joint is injected into the refrigerant carrying container through a connection to a refrigerant supply unit by a refrigerant transfer pipe. If desired, the interface joint may house an instrument control mechanism that is operable by sliding a trigger, for example, to control longitudinal (i.e., forward and backward) movement of one or more control wires or push rods (not shown). If there are multiple control wires, there may be multiple sliding triggers on the interface joint to provide full control. The vent transfer line may also be connected to an interface joint through which used refrigerant and/or vent gas may be vented. The function of the interface joint is to combine the inputs from the generator, the cryogen supply unit, the vent delivery conduit, and the instrument control mechanism into a single flexible shaft that extends from the distal end of the interface joint.

In a specific driving method, the support tube 30 is guided to contact the tissue in the living body at its distal end, thereby serving as a support member for supporting the probe end 11. Since the probe 1 is elastically connected to the support tube 30, when the support tube 30 is abutted against the tissue in the living body, the probe 1 can be pulled back into the support tube 30 under the elastic action without contacting the surface of the tissue in the living body. At this time, the control fluid supply source 4 supplies the freezing fluid into the probe 1 through the pipeline assembly 2, and simultaneously drives the driving end 10 to rotate and push the driving end 10 through the released pressure gas after freezing, so as to drive the probe 1 to rotate and approach or contact the biological tissue, thereby realizing the freezing of the biological tissue. When freezing is completed, the control fluid supply source 4 stops supplying the freezing fluid into the probe 1, so that the pressure of the pressurized gas impacting on the driving end 10 is reduced, and the probe 1 is pulled back into the supporting tube 30 under the elastic action of the driving end 10 and the supporting tube 30, so that the biological sample attached to the detecting end 11 of the probe 1 is separated from the surrounding tissues. In this process, in order to realize better separation of the detection region from the surrounding tissue at the detection end 11, the radiation end 300 of the support tube 30 can radiate or transmit microwave energy to the boundary portion of the detection region and the surrounding tissue to ablate the tissue at the boundary portion, thereby realizing good separation of the biological sample obtained at the detection region.

Biological sample collection method

Referring to fig. 13, a method of biological sample collection using the cryosurgical instrument described above,

a cryosurgical instrument comprising: a probe for obtaining a sample of tissue within an organism; a tubing assembly for supplying cooling fluid from a gas source of a cryosurgical apparatus to the probe and discharging cooling fluid from the probe, wherein the probe is configured such that a defined tissue region for acquiring tissue within a living body can be cooled by means of the supplied fluid and rotationally separated from surrounding tissue within the living body with a tissue sample frozen on the probe; a support assembly within which the probe is guided to be able to telescope and rotate relative to the support assembly such that the probe can be rotated and telescoped relative to the support assembly by means of a cooling fluid within the support assembly during separation of a sample;

as shown in fig. 5 to 8 and 12, the method includes the following steps:

s1, guiding the probe 1 to the tissue to be detected, so that the probe end 11 is arranged on the tissue to be detected;

s2, supplying a cooling fluid to the probe end 11 such that the defined tissue region for collecting the biological tissue sample is cooled and frozen on the probe end;

s3, relatively moving the support member 3 and the probe 1, separating the biological tissue sample, and supporting the surrounding tissue by means of the support member 3 during the separation;

s4, recovering the biological tissue sample.

Wherein, the step S2 further comprises radiating microwave energy to the boundary part of the detection area and the surrounding tissues through the supporting assembly after the biological tissues are frozen; in step S3, the probe can telescope and rotate relative to the support assembly.

Wherein, the step of S3 further includes: detecting the temperature of the detection zone and controlling the delivery of microwave energy and the delivery of pressurized gas based on the detected temperature; and detecting the detected derived impedance and controlling the delivery of microwave energy based on the detected impedance.

Specifically, in order to facilitate the delivery of the pressurized gas to ensure and control the pressure of the pressurized gas in the second supply line 22, the fluid supply source 4 further includes a heater (not shown), and a temperature sensor 301 is disposed at the end of the support tube 30, wherein the temperature sensor 301 can accurately detect the temperature in the detection area so as to control the freezing of the detection area. The heater may heat the resistive chip to heat the freezing fluid recovered from the first discharge line 21 to accelerate the transformation into the pressurized gas and supply it to the second supply line 22, and at the same time, a pressure sensor 220 is provided on the second supply line 22 to control the pressure in the second supply line 22 to control the pressure impinging on the driving wall 100, thereby controlling the rotation and propulsion speed of the driving end 10 to reduce the impact on the detection area and the wear on the probe 1.

More specifically, a controller 51 is provided within the cryosurgical device 5, and the controller 51 may control the motion of the probe 1 and the microwave radiation. The controller may acquire the temperature of the detection region through the temperature sensor 301 to control the heater to heat the recovered chilled fluid such that it is released to become pressurized gas, and acquire the pressure of the pressurized gas in the second supply line 22 through the pressure sensor 220 to control the pressure of the pressurized gas impinging on the driving wall 100 through various electrically controlled valves to indirectly control the speed at which the driving end 10 rotates and advances, and the position of the driving end 10 relative to the support tube 30.

The controller 51 may be a conventional computing device having software installed thereon for performing the various steps described above. The computer may also be connected to a fluid supply 4 to control the flow of cryogenic fluid through the tubing assembly 2 (e.g., by controlling various electrically controlled valves mounted on the tubing assembly 2). The output from any sensor on the electrosurgical device may be connected to the controller so that the controller can obtain measurements from the sensor. If the heater is provided on the electrosurgical device, its input may also be connected to the controller. In this manner, the controller provides an automated system for performing tissue ablation.

Because the pipeline assembly 2 is internally integrated with a pipeline for refrigerating fluid, a pipeline for pressurized gas and a transmission line, the temperature of the pipeline assembly, the pipeline for pressurized gas and the transmission line is different, and mutual influence can be generated. In some embodiments, the pipe assembly 2 further comprises an insulating jacket 25 outside the first supply line 20, the first discharge line 21, the second supply line 22, the second discharge line 23, and the transfer line 24, respectively. The insulating sleeve 25 prevents heat from exchanging between the respective pipes and the surrounding environment, reducing the thermal influence of the pipes within the pipe assembly 2 on each other. Specifically, the first supply line 20, the first discharge line 21, the second supply line 22, and the second discharge line 23 themselves are also made of a heat-insulating pressure-resistant material.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 13, the method for collecting a biological sample by using a cryosurgical instrument may further comprise:

s1, guiding the supporting component 3 onto the tissue to be detected, so that the end of the supporting component is arranged on the tissue to be detected;

s2, driving the probe 1 to move relative to the supporting component 3 to be close to or contact with the biological tissue;

s3, supplying a cooling fluid to the probe end 11 such that the defined tissue region for collecting the biological tissue sample is cooled and frozen on the probe end;

s4, after the biological tissue is frozen, radiating microwave energy to the boundary part of the detection area and the surrounding tissue through the supporting assembly so as to ablate the boundary part;

s5, driving the probe 1 to move relative to the support component 3 until the probe leaves the biological tissue;

s6, recovering the biological tissue sample.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cryosurgical instrument for living organisms, comprising:

a probe for obtaining a sample of tissue within an organism;

2. The cryosurgical instrument of claim 1, wherein the probe has a driving end connected within the support assembly and a probe end configured to be guided over tissue to be examined;

the driving end is provided with a driving wall which is driven to rotate, and the driving end is elastically connected into the supporting component, and the supporting component has a tendency of pulling the driving end back to the interior of the supporting component;

the probe end is used for cooling the tissue in the organism.

3. The cooled surgical instrument of claim 2, wherein the tubing assembly comprises a first supply line for cryogenic fluid supply, a first discharge line for cryogenic fluid discharge, a second supply line providing a pressurized gas impingement to the drive wall, and a second discharge line for pressurized gas recovery.

4. The cryosurgical instrument of claim 3, further comprising a holding device and a cryosurgical apparatus, the probe, the support assembly, the holding device, the tubing assembly, and the cryosurgical apparatus being connected in series;

the conduit assembly further comprises a transmission line for transmitting microwave electromagnetic energy;

the supporting component also comprises a supporting pipe, one end of the supporting pipe is connected with the holding device, and the other end of the supporting pipe is elastically connected with the driving end of the probe;

wherein the support tube further has a radiating end mounted at the distal end of the transmission line for receiving the microwave electromagnetic energy radiation from the transmission line into a detection zone around the radiating end;

and the detection end of the probe can stretch and retract to be flush with the radiation end so that the radiation end is in contact with the detection area.

5. The cryosurgical instrument of claim 4, wherein the cryosurgical apparatus further comprises:

a fluid supply source providing a chilled fluid through the first supply line and the first exhaust line to chill the detection zone, and a pressurized gas through the second supply line and the second exhaust line to impinge against the drive wall of the drive end to cause the probe to telescope and rotate.

6. The cryosurgical instrument of claim 5, wherein the support tube is hollow, the drive end of the probe being resiliently coupled within the support tube, the probe being capable of being telescoped into the support tube as a whole.

7. The cryosurgical instrument of any of claims 2-6, wherein the probe end is formed with a shape that bends outward away from a center of the probe.

8. A method of biological sample collection using a cryosurgical instrument according to any of claims 1 to 7,

the cryosurgical instrument comprises:

a probe for obtaining a sample of tissue within an organism;

a support assembly within which the probe is guided to be able to telescope and rotate relative to the support assembly such that the probe can be rotated and telescoped relative to the support assembly by means of a cooling fluid within the support assembly during separation of a sample;

the method comprises the following steps:

s4, recovering the biological tissue sample.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step S2 further comprises radiating microwave energy through the support assembly to a boundary between the detection zone and surrounding tissue after the biological tissue has been frozen;

in the step S3, the probe can be retracted and rotated relative to the support assembly.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of S3 further comprises: detecting a temperature of a detection zone and controlling delivery of the microwave energy and delivery of a pressurized gas based on the detected temperature; and detecting a detected derived impedance and controlling delivery of the microwave energy based on the detected impedance.