CN112240929A

CN112240929A - Donor particle for homogeneous phase chemiluminescence analysis and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112240929A
Application number: CN201910656158.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康蔡俊; 吴晨; 赵卫国; 刘宇卉; 李临
Original assignee: Beyond Diagnostics Shanghai Co ltd; Chemclin Diagnostics Corp
Current assignee: Shanghai Suoxin Biological Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-19
Filing date: 2019-07-19
Publication date: 2021-01-19
Also published as: CN116754757A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a donor particle for homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis, wherein the donor particle is capable of generating active oxygen in an excited state, and comprises a first support, the interior of which is filled with a sensitizer, and the surface of which is chemically bonded to one of the members of a specific binding pair, and uses thereof. The donor particles are highly efficient in generating active oxygen and can be stably present in the donor agent. When the kit comprising the donor reagent is applied to homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis and detection, the kit has ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range.

Description

Donor particle for homogeneous phase chemiluminescence analysis and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemiluminescence analysis, and particularly relates to donor particles for homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis and application thereof.

Background

Immunoassays have evolved in many varieties over half a century. Depending on whether the substances to be tested are to be separated from the reaction system during the assay, heterogeneous (Heterogenous) immunoassays and Homogeneous (Homogeneous) immunoassays can be used. Heterogeneous immunoassay refers to the operation process of introducing a probe for labeling, wherein various related reagents are required to be separated after mixed reaction, and an object to be detected is separated from a reaction system and then detected, and is the mainstream method in the existing immunoassay. Such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA method) and magnetic particle chemiluminescence method. Homogeneous immunoassay refers to direct measurement after mixing and reacting an analyte with a relevant reagent in a reaction system in the measurement process, and no redundant separation or cleaning step is needed. Up to now, various sensitive detection methods are applied to homogeneous immunoassays, such as optical detection methods, electrochemical detection methods, and the like.

For example, Light-activated chemiluminescence Assay (LiCA) is a typical homogeneous immunoassay. It is based on two kinds of antigen or antibody coated on the surface of microsphere, and immune complex is formed in liquid phase to draw two kinds of microsphere. Under the excitation of laser, the transfer of singlet oxygen between the microspheres occurs, so that high-level red light is generated, and the number of photons is converted into the concentration of target molecules through a single photon counter and mathematical fitting. When the sample does not contain the target molecules, immune complexes cannot be formed between the two microspheres, the distance between the two microspheres exceeds the propagation range of singlet oxygen, the singlet oxygen is rapidly quenched in a liquid phase, and no high-energy level red light signal is generated during detection. It has the characteristics of high speed, homogeneous phase (no flushing), high sensitivity and simple operation. Light-activated chemiluminescence has been used in a number of detection projects.

The light-activated chemiluminescence detection is basically characterized by 'double spheres', wherein the 'double spheres' means that a system consists of 'luminescent microspheres' and 'photosensitive microspheres', and the two microspheres have good suspension characteristics in a liquid phase. The liquid dynamic characteristics of the microspheres are completely met when the microspheres meet antigens or antibodies in a liquid phase. The efficiency and time of singlet oxygen generation by the photosensitive microsphere, the stability of the photosensitive microsphere, the production cost of the photosensitive microsphere and the convenience of use of the photosensitive microsphere all influence the final detection result of the light-activated chemiluminescent product.

With the progress of the detection industry, the demand for the hypersensitivity reagent is more and more, the requirement on the sensitivity is extremely high, the detection range is very wide, and the existing homogeneous phase chemiluminescence detection method is difficult to meet the detection conditions. Therefore, there is a need to develop a kit for homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis that can meet both the sensitivity requirement and the linear range requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to provide donor particles for homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis, which have high efficiency of generating active oxygen and can stably exist in a donor reagent. When the kit comprising the donor reagent is applied to homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis and detection, the kit has ultrahigh sensitivity and wide detection range.

To this end, the invention provides in a first aspect a donor particle for homogeneous chemiluminescent detection, the donor particle being capable of generating reactive oxygen species in an excited state, characterized in that the donor particle comprises a first support, the interior of which is filled with a sensitizer, the surface of which first support is chemically bonded to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

In some embodiments of the invention, the surface of the first support is not coated or linked with a polysaccharide substance that is directly chemically bonded to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

In some embodiments of the invention, the surface of the first support bears a bonding functionality for chemically bonding one of the specific binding pair members to the surface of the first support.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the bonding functional group is selected from the group consisting of an amine group, an amide group, a hydroxyl group, an aldehyde group, a carboxyl group, a maleimide group, and a thiol group; preferably selected from aldehyde groups and/or carboxyl groups.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the bonding functional group content on the surface of the first support is 100 to 500nmol/mg, preferably 200 to 400 nmol/mg.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the first support is coated with at least two continuous polysaccharide layers, wherein the first polysaccharide layer is spontaneously associated with the second polysaccharide layer.

In some embodiments of the invention, each of the successive polysaccharide layers is spontaneously associated with each of the previous polysaccharide layers.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups, and the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer are oppositely charged from the functional groups of the previous polysaccharide layer.

In some embodiments of the invention, the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups, and the continuous polysaccharide layer is covalently linked to the preceding polysaccharide layer by a reaction between the functional groups and the functional groups of the preceding polysaccharide layer.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer alternate between amine functional groups and amine reactive functional groups.

In some embodiments of the invention, the amine-reactive functional group is an aldehyde group or a carboxyl group.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the first polysaccharide layer is spontaneously associated with the first support.

In some embodiments of the invention, the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating has at least one pendant functional group.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are selected from at least one of aldehyde, carboxyl, thiol, amino, hydroxyl, and maleic groups; preferably selected from aldehyde groups and/or carboxyl groups.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are directly or indirectly bound by one of the members of the specific binding pair chemically bonded.

In some embodiments of the invention, the polysaccharide is selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates containing three or more unmodified or modified monosaccharide units; preferably selected from the group consisting of dextran, starch, glycogen, inulin, fructan, mannan, agarose, galactan, carboxydextran and aminodextran; more preferably selected from dextran, starch, glycogen and polyribose.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the first carrier is selected from 100 to 400nm, preferably 150 to 350nm, and more preferably 180 to 220 nm.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the first support is magnetic or non-magnetic, preferably non-magnetic.

In some embodiments of the invention, the first support has a shape selected from the group consisting of a tape, a sheet, a rod, a tube, a well, a microtiter plate, a bead, a particle, and a microsphere; microspheres are preferred.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the material of the first carrier is selected from natural, synthetic or modified naturally occurring polymers; preferably a synthetic polymer.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first carrier is made of a material selected from agarose, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyvinyl butyrate, or polyacrylate; preferably selected from polystyrene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyacrylate.

In some embodiments of the invention, the first support is polystyrene latex microspheres.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the sensitizer is a photoactivated photosensitizer and/or a chemically activated initiator, preferably a photoactivated photosensitizer.

In some embodiments of the invention, the sensitizer is selected from methylene blue, rose bengal, a porphyrin, a phthalocyanine and chlorophyll.

In other embodiments of the invention, the specific binding pair member is selected from a pair of substances capable of specifically binding to each other, consisting of an antibody, an antibody fragment, a ligand, an oligonucleotide binding protein, a lectin, a hapten, an antigen, an immunoglobulin binding protein, avidin, or biotin.

In some embodiments of the invention, the specific binding pair member is avidin-biotin.

In further embodiments of the invention, the avidin is selected from the group consisting of ovalbumin, streptavidin, vitellin, neutravidin and an avidin-like, preferably neutravidin and/or streptavidin.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the avidin is chemically bonded to the surface of the first support by reacting an amino group with an aldehyde group on the surface of the first support to form a schiff base.

In a second aspect, the present invention provides a donor reagent for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising a donor particle according to the first aspect of the present invention.

In some embodiments of the invention, the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of size distribution C.V value ≧ 5% in the donor agent.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the donor particles have a size distribution coefficient of variation C.V value of 8% or more in the donor reagent; preferably, the donor particles have a variation coefficient C.V value of 10% or more in the particle size distribution of the donor particles in the reagent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value ≦ 40% in the donor agent; still more preferably, the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value ≦ 20% in the donor agent.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the donor particles exhibit a polydispersity in their size distribution in the donor agent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the concentration of the donor particles in the donor agent is from 10 μ g/ml to 1mg/ml, preferably from 20 μ g/ml to 500 μ g/ml, more preferably from 50 μ g/ml to 200 μ g/ml.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the donor reagent further comprises a buffer solution having a pH of 7.0 to 9.0, wherein the donor particles are suspended in the buffer solution.

In some embodiments of the invention, the buffer solution contains a polysaccharide selected from carbohydrates containing three or more unmodified or modified monosaccharide units, preferably selected from dextran, starch, glycogen, inulin, fructan, mannan, agarose, galactan, carboxydextran, and aminodextran; more preferably selected from dextran, starch, glycogen and polyribose.

In further embodiments of the present invention, the dextran has a molecular weight distribution Mw selected from 10000 to 1000000kDa, preferably from 100000 to 800000kDa, more preferably from 300000 to 700000 kDa.

In some embodiments of the invention, the content of dextran in the buffer solution is 0.01 to 1 wt%, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt%.

In a third aspect, the invention provides a kit for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising a donor particle according to the first aspect of the invention or a donor reagent according to the second aspect of the invention.

In some embodiments of the invention, the kit further comprises a receptor reagent comprising receptor particles capable of reacting with reactive oxygen species to produce chemiluminescence.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the acceptor particles include a second carrier, the second carrier is filled with the luminescent composition, the surface of the second carrier is coated with at least one polysaccharide layer, and the surface of the polysaccharide layer is connected with a reporter molecule, and the reporter molecule can specifically bind to a target molecule to be detected.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the luminescent composition comprises a chemiluminescent compound and a metal chelate.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the chemiluminescent compound is selected from the group consisting of olefinic compounds, preferably from the group consisting of dimethylthiophene, dibutyldione compounds, dioxins, enol ethers, enamines, 9-alkylidenexanthanes, 9-alkylene-N-9, 10 dihydroacridines, arylethyletherenes, arylimidazoles, and lucigenins and derivatives thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of dimethylthiophene and derivatives thereof.

In some embodiments of the invention, the metal of the metal chelate is a rare earth metal or a group VIII metal, preferably selected from europium, terbium, dysprosium, samarium osmium and ruthenium, more preferably europium.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the metal chelate comprises a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of: NHA, BHHT, BHHCT, DPP, TTA, NPPTA, NTA, TOPO, TPPO, BFTA, 2-dimethyl-4-perfluorobutanoyl-3-butanone, 2' -bipyridine, bipyridylcarboxylic acid, azacrown ether, azacryptand phosphine oxide and derivatives thereof.

In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a donor particle according to the first aspect of the present invention or a donor reagent according to the second aspect or a kit according to the third aspect for use in the in vitro diagnosis of a disease in a patient.

In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a homogeneous chemiluminescence analyzer, wherein the donor particles of the first aspect, the donor reagent of the second aspect, or the kit of the third aspect are used to analyze whether a sample to be tested contains a target molecule to be tested.

In some embodiments of the invention, the homogeneous chemiluminescent analyzer comprises the following components:

the sample adding mechanism is used for adding a sample to be detected into the reaction container;

a reagent addition mechanism for adding an acceptor reagent containing acceptor particles and/or a donor reagent containing donor particles to a reaction vessel.

An incubation module for providing a suitable temperature for a homogeneous chemiluminescent reaction of a substance in a reaction vessel;

a detection module for detecting a chemiluminescent signal produced by the homogeneous chemiluminescent reaction.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the sample to be tested is selected from materials suspected of containing the target molecule to be tested, which include but are not limited to: blood, serum, plasma, sputum, lymph, semen, vaginal mucus, feces, urine, or spinal fluid.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the donor particle for homogeneous phase chemiluminescence analysis has high efficiency of generating active oxygen, the active oxygen is easier to transfer to the acceptor particle in a homogeneous phase system and is not easy to be interfered by other substances, and the donor particle has high stability and can stably exist in a donor reagent and is not easy to inactivate. When the donor reagent containing the donor particles is used for homogeneous chemiluminescence analysis, the detection sensitivity is high, and the detection range is wide. In addition, the donor particles are low in production cost, convenient to use and capable of being universally used in various detection items.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a Gaussian distribution diagram of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres prepared in example 1.

Fig. 2 is a Nicomp distribution diagram of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres prepared in example 1.

Fig. 3 is a Gaussian distribution plot of donor particles prepared in example 1.

FIG. 4 is a Gaussian distribution plot of dextran-coated microspheres prepared in example 2

Fig. 5 is a Gaussian distribution plot of donor particles prepared in example 2.

FIG. 6 is a Gaussian distribution graph of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres prepared in example 3.

Fig. 7 is a Gaussian distribution graph of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres embedded with a light-emitting composition prepared in example 3.

FIG. 8 is a Gaussian distribution diagram of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres with embedded luminescent composition coated with dextran prepared in example 3.

FIG. 9 is a Gaussian distribution plot of acceptor particles prepared in example 3 with an average particle size around 250 nm.

FIG. 10 is a graph of correlation coefficients for CRP assays at different concentrations in serum and whole blood in example 7.

Detailed Description

In order that the invention may be readily understood, a detailed description of the invention is provided below. However, before the invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to particular embodiments described. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. The practice of the invention is not limited to the following examples, and any variations and/or modifications made thereto are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the extent that there is no stated or intervening value in that stated range, to the extent that there is no such intervening value, is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in the smaller ranges, and are also encompassed within the invention, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where a specified range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the invention.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present invention, the preferred methods and materials are now described.

Term (I)

The term "active oxygen" as used herein refers to a general term for a substance which is composed of oxygen, contains oxygen, and is active in nature, and is mainly an excited oxygen molecule, including superoxide anion (O) which is an electron reduction product of oxygen₂(-) and the two-electron reduction product hydrogen peroxide (H)₂O₂) The three-electron reduction product hydroxyl radical (. OH) and nitric oxide and singlet oxygen (1O)₂) And the like.

The term "donor particles" as used herein refers to particles containing a sensitizer capable of generating a reactive intermediate, such as a reactive oxygen species, upon activation by energy or a reactive compound, to react with the acceptor particles. The donor particles may be light activated (e.g., dyes and aromatic compounds) or chemically activated (e.g., enzymes, metal salts, etc.). In some embodiments of the invention, the donor particles are polymeric microspheres filled with photosensitizers, which may be known in the art, preferably relatively light stable and not reactive with singlet oxygen, non-limiting examples of which include compounds such as methylene blue, rose bengal, porphyrins, phthalocyanines, and chlorophylls, as disclosed in, for example, U.S. patent No. 5709994, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and derivatives of these compounds having 1-50 atom substituents that are used to render these compounds more lipophilic or more hydrophilic and/or as linkers to specific binding partner members. Examples of other photosensitizers known to those skilled in the art may also be used in the present invention, such as those described in US patent No. US6406913, which is incorporated herein by reference.

The term "acceptor particle" as used herein refers to a particle that contains a compound that reacts with reactive oxygen species to produce a detectable signal. The donor particles are induced by energy or an active compound to activate and release reactive oxygen species in a high energy state that are captured by the acceptor particles in close proximity, thereby transferring energy to activate the acceptor particles. In some embodiments of the present invention, the acceptor particle comprises a luminescent composition and a carrier, wherein the luminescent composition is filled in the carrier and/or coated on the surface of the carrier.

The "carrier" according to the present invention is selected from the group consisting of strips, sheets, rods, tubes, wells, microtiter plates, beads, particles and microspheres, which may be microspheres or microparticles known to those skilled in the art, which may be of any size, which may be organic or inorganic, which may be expandable or non-expandable, which may be porous or non-porous, which may be magnetic or non-magnetic, which has any density, but preferably has a density close to that of water, preferably capable of floating in water, and which are composed of transparent, partially transparent or opaque materials.

In the present invention, the "chemiluminescent compound", i.e., a compound referred to as a label, may undergo a chemical reaction to cause luminescence, such as by being converted to another compound formed in an electronically excited state. The excited state may be a singlet state or a triplet excited state. The excited state may relax to the ground state to emit light directly, or may return to the ground state itself by transferring excitation energy to an emission energy acceptor. In this process, the energy acceptor particle will be transitioned to an excited state to emit light.

A "specific binding pair member" as used herein refers to a pair of substances that are capable of specifically binding to each other.

The "variation coefficient C.V value of particle size distribution" described in the present invention refers to the variation coefficient of particle size in Gaussian distribution in the detection result of the nanometer particle size analyzer. The coefficient of variation is calculated as: C.V value (standard deviation SD/Mean) x 100%.

The term "Nicomp distribution" as used herein refers to an algorithmic distribution in the US PSS nanometer particle sizer, NICOMP. Compared with a Gaussian single-peak algorithm, the Nicomp multi-peak algorithm has unique advantages in the analysis of multi-component liquid dispersion systems with nonuniform particle size distribution and the stability analysis of colloidal systems.

The term "test sample" as used herein refers to a mixture to be tested that contains or is suspected of containing a target molecule to be tested. The test sample that can be used in the present invention includes body fluids such as blood (which may be anticoagulated blood commonly seen in collected blood samples), plasma, serum, urine, semen, saliva, cell cultures, tissue extracts, and the like. Other types of samples to be tested include solvents, seawater, industrial water samples, food samples, environmental samples such as soil or water, plant material, eukaryotic cells, bacteria, plasmids, viruses, fungi, and cells from prokaryotes. The sample to be tested can be diluted with a diluent as required before use. For example, to avoid the HOOK effect, the sample to be tested may be diluted with a diluent before the on-line detection and then detected on the detection instrument.

The term "target molecule to be detected" as used herein refers to a substance in a sample to be detected during detection. One or more substances having a specific binding affinity for the target molecule to be detected will be used for the detection of the target molecule. The target molecule to be detected may be a protein, a peptide, an antibody or a hapten which allows it to bind to an antibody. The target molecule to be detected may be a nucleic acid or oligonucleotide that binds to a complementary nucleic acid or oligonucleotide. The target molecule to be detected may be any other substance that can form a member of a specific binding pair. Other examples of typical target molecules to be detected include: drugs such as steroids, hormones, proteins, glycoproteins, mucins, nucleoproteins, phosphoproteins, drugs of abuse, vitamins, antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, antiviral agents, purines, antitumor agents, amphetamines, heteroazoids, nucleic acids, and prostaglandins, and metabolites of any of these drugs; pesticides and metabolites thereof; and a receptor. Analytes also include cells, viruses, bacteria, and fungi.

The term "antibody" as used herein is used in the broadest sense and includes antibodies of any isotype, antibody fragments that retain specific binding to an antigen, including but not limited to Fab, Fv, scFv, and Fd fragments, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, single chain antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and fusion proteins comprising an antigen-binding portion of an antibody and a non-antibody protein. In any case desired, the antibody may be further conjugated to other moieties, such as a member of a specific binding pair member, e.g., biotin or avidin (a member of a biotin-avidin specific binding pair member), and the like.

The term "antigen" as used herein refers to a substance that stimulates the body to produce an immune response and that binds to the immune response product antibodies and sensitized lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo to produce an immune effect.

The term "binding" as used herein refers to direct association between two molecules due to interactions such as covalent, electrostatic, hydrophobic, ionic and/or hydrogen bonding, including but not limited to interactions such as salt and water bridges.

The term "specific binding" as used herein refers to the mutual discrimination and selective binding reaction between two substances, and is the conformation correspondence between the corresponding reactants in terms of the three-dimensional structure. Under the technical idea disclosed by the invention, the detection method of the specific binding reaction comprises but is not limited to the following steps: double antibody sandwich, competition, neutralization competition, indirect or capture.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

It is generally accepted by those skilled in the art that the more uniform the size of the particle size of the microspheres, the better the performance of homogeneous chemiluminescent assays using the microspheres. Current research on microspheres employed in homogeneous chemiluminescence therefore tends to result in microspheres of more uniform particle size. After research, the inventor of the application finds that when the microspheres with uniform particle size are used for homogeneous chemiluminescence detection, the sensitivity and the detection range of the detection result are difficult to guarantee at the same time. However, by adopting the microspheres with proper particle size uniformity (for example, the variation coefficient of the particle size distribution of the microspheres is more than 5%), the sensitivity of the light-activated chemiluminescence detection can be ensured, and the detection range can be widened.

The present invention therefore relates to a donor particle for homogeneous chemiluminescent detection, the donor particle being capable of generating reactive oxygen species in an excited state, characterized in that the donor particle comprises a first support, the interior of which is filled with a sensitizer, the surface of which chemically bonds to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the first carrier is selected from 100 to 400nm, preferably 150 to 350nm, and more preferably 180 to 220 nm.

In some embodiments of the invention, the first support is magnetic or non-magnetic, preferably non-magnetic.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the first support is selected from the group consisting of a tape, a sheet, a rod, a tube, a well, a microtiter plate, a bead, a particle, and a microsphere; microspheres are preferred.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the material of the first carrier is selected from natural, synthetic or modified naturally occurring polymers; preferably a synthetic polymer.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the material of the first carrier is selected from agarose, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyethylene butyrate or polyacrylate; preferably selected from polystyrene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyacrylate.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the sensitizer is a photoactivated photosensitizer and/or a chemically activated initiator, preferably a photoactivated photosensitizer,

In other embodiments of the present invention, the avidin is chemically bonded to the surface of the first support by reacting an amino group with an aldehyde group on the surface of the first support to form a schiff base.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a donor reagent for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising a donor particle according to the first aspect of the invention.

It should be noted that the C.V value of the donor particle size distribution variation coefficient refers to C.V value of the donor particle size distribution variation coefficient after it is coated with the desired material.

In some embodiments of the invention, the donor particle may have a coefficient of variation in size distribution C.V value of 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40%, etc. in the donor reagent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the value of the variation coefficient C.V of the particle size distribution is calculated by Gaussian distribution.

In other embodiments of the invention, the acceptor particle exhibits two or more peaks in the acceptor agent's Gaussian distribution curve using a Gaussian distribution analysis.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a kit for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising a donor particle according to the first aspect of the invention or a donor reagent according to the second aspect of the invention.

In some embodiments of the invention, the recipient particle has a particle size distribution variation coefficient C.V value of 5% or more in the recipient agent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the acceptor particles have a particle size distribution variation coefficient C.V value of 8% or more in the acceptor reagent; preferably, the acceptor particle has a variation coefficient C.V value of 10% or more in the particle size distribution of the acceptor reagent.

In other embodiments of the invention, the recipient particle has a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value of less than or equal to 40% in the recipient agent; still more preferably, the recipient particle has a particle size distribution variation coefficient C.V value of 20% or less in the recipient agent.

It should be noted that the value of C.V for the variation coefficient of the particle size distribution of the acceptor particles in the present invention refers to the value of C.V for the variation coefficient of the particle size distribution of the acceptor particles after the acceptor particles are coated with the desired substance.

In some embodiments of the invention, the recipient particle may have a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value of 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, or 40% or the like in the recipient agent.

In some embodiments of the invention, the acceptor particles exhibit a particle size distribution in the acceptor agent that is polydisperse.

In some embodiments of the invention, the receptive agent comprises at least two distributions of average particle size receptive particles.

In some embodiments of the invention, the surface of the support is coated with at least two successive polysaccharide layers, wherein the first polysaccharide layer is spontaneously associated with the second polysaccharide layer.

In other embodiments of the present invention, each of the successive polysaccharide layers is spontaneously associated with each of the previous polysaccharide layers.

In some embodiments of the invention, the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups, and the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer are oppositely charged from the functional groups of the preceding polysaccharide layer.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups, and the continuous polysaccharide layer is covalently linked to the preceding polysaccharide layer by a reaction between the functional groups and the functional groups of the preceding polysaccharide layer.

In some embodiments of the invention, the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer alternate between amine functional groups and amine reactive functional groups.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the amine-reactive functional group is an aldehyde group or a carboxyl group.

In some embodiments of the invention, the first polysaccharide layer is spontaneously associated with the support.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating has at least one pendant functional group.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are selected from at least one of aldehyde, carboxyl, thiol, amino, hydroxyl, and maleic groups; preferably selected from aldehyde groups and/or carboxyl groups.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are directly or indirectly linked to a reporter molecule capable of specifically binding to the target molecule to be detected.

In some embodiments of the invention, the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are directly or indirectly bound to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the metal chelate comprises a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of: 4 ' - (10-methyl-9-anthracenyl) -2,2 ': 6 ' 2 "-bipyridine-6, 6" -dimethylamine ] tetraacetic acid (MTTA), 2- (1 ', 1 ', 2 ', 2 ', 3 ', 3 ' -heptafluoro-4 ', 6 ' -hexanedion-6 ' -yl) -Naphthalene (NHA), 4 ' -bis (2 ', 3 ', 3 "-heptafluoro-4 ', 6" -hexanedion-6 "-yl) -o-terphenyl (BHHT), 4 ' -bis (1 ', 2 ', 3 ', 3" -heptafluoro-4 ', 6 "-hexanedion-6" -yl) -chlorosulphonyl-o-terphenyl (BHHCT), 4, 7-biphenyl-1, 10-phenanthroline (DPP), 1,1, 1-trifluoroacetone (TTA), 3-naphthoyl-1, 1, 1-trifluoroacetone (NPPTA), Naphthyltrifluorobutanedione (NTA), trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO), 3-benzoyl-1, 1, 1-trifluoroacetone (BFTA), 2-dimethyl-4-perfluorobutanoyl-3-butanone (fod), 2' -bipyridine (bpy), bipyridylcarboxylic acid, azacrown ether, azacryptand trioctylphosphine oxide and derivatives thereof.

A fourth aspect of the invention relates to the clinical use of a donor particle according to the first aspect of the invention or a donor reagent according to the second aspect or a kit according to the third aspect for in vitro diagnosis of a disease in a patient.

The fifth aspect of the present invention relates to a homogeneous chemiluminescence analyzer, wherein the donor particles of the first aspect, the donor reagent of the second aspect, or the kit of the third aspect are used for analyzing whether a sample to be tested contains a target molecule to be tested.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the homogeneous chemiluminescent analyzer is a POCT analyzer. The POCT analyzer is a point-of-care testing (point-of-care testing) instrument for clinical testing (bedside testing) performed beside a patient. The principle of the homogeneous immunoassay POCT analyzer is as follows: the biomolecule to be detected in the sample to be detected reacts with the donor particles and the acceptor particles to form immune complexes, the interaction draws the donor particles and the acceptor particles closer, and under the irradiation of laser (the wavelength is 680nm), the sensitizer in the donor particles converts oxygen in the surrounding environment into more active monomer oxygen. The monomer oxygen diffuses to the acceptor particle and reacts with the chemiluminescence agent in the acceptor particle to further activate the luminescent group on the acceptor particle to enable the luminescent group to emit light with the wavelength of 520-620 nm. The half-life of the monomeric oxygen is 4 [ mu ] Sec, and the diffusion distance in the solution is about 200 nm. If there is no interaction between the biomolecules and singlet oxygen cannot diffuse to the receptor particle, no light signal is generated. Therefore, the concentration of the target molecule to be detected in the sample to be detected can be calculated by measuring the intensity of light emitted by the mixture.

The POCT analyzer comprises a sample adding mechanism, an incubation module, a detection module and a circuit control module; the sample adding mechanism, the incubation module and the detection module are all electrically connected with the circuit control module. Under the control of the circuit control module, the incubation module is used for adjusting the temperature of the reagent card and substances in the reagent card, the reagent adding mechanism is used for transferring the substances in the reagent card, and the detection module is used for emitting laser and measuring the light intensity emitted by a sample to be detected. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sample adding mechanism and the reagent adding mechanism may be the same mechanism, and the functions of sample adding and reagent adding are respectively realized by means of Tip heads.

Example III

Example 1: preparation of Donor particles whose surfaces are not coated or connected with polysaccharide and preparation of Donor reagent (I) aldehyde group polystyrene latex microspheres

a) A100 ml three-necked flask was prepared, 40mmol of styrene, 5mmol of acrolein and 10ml of water were added thereto, and after stirring for 10min, N was introduced thereinto₂ 30min。

b) 0.11g of ammonium persulfate and 0.2g of sodium chloride were weighed and dissolved in 40ml of water to prepare an aqueous solution. Adding the aqueous solution into the reaction system of the step a), and continuously introducing N₂ 30min。

c) The reaction system was warmed to 70 ℃ and reacted for 15 hours.

d) The emulsion after completion of the reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a suitable filter cloth. And washing the obtained emulsion by using deionized water through centrifugal sedimentation for a plurality of times until the conductivity of the supernatant at the beginning of centrifugation is close to that of the deionized water, then diluting the supernatant with water, and storing the diluted supernatant in an emulsion form.

e) The latex microspheres had a Gaussian distribution with an average particle diameter of 201.3nm, a coefficient of variation (C.V.) -8.0%, a Gaussian distribution as shown in fig. 1, and a Nicomp distribution as shown in fig. 2, as measured by a nano-particle sizer. The aldehyde group content of the latex microsphere is 260nmol/mg measured by an electric conductivity titration method.

Filling of (II) sensitizers

a) A25 ml round bottom flask was prepared, 0.11g of copper phthalocyanine and 10ml of N, N-dimethylformamide were added, magnetic stirring was carried out, and the temperature in the water bath was raised to 75 ℃ to obtain a photosensitizer solution.

b) Preparing a 100ml three-neck flask, adding 10ml 95% ethanol, 10ml water and 10ml aldehyde polystyrene latex microspheres obtained in the step (I) with the concentration of 10%, magnetically stirring, and heating in a water bath to 70 ℃.

c) Slowly dropwise adding the solution obtained in the step a) into the three-neck flask obtained in the step b), reacting at 70 ℃ for 2 hours, stopping stirring, and naturally cooling to obtain an emulsion.

d) The emulsion was centrifuged for 1 hour at 30000G, the supernatant discarded after centrifugation and resuspended in 50% ethanol. After repeated centrifugation washing three times, the suspension was resuspended in 50mM CB buffer at pH 10 to a final concentration of 20 mg/ml.

(III) preparation of Donor reagent by modifying avidin on the surface of microsphere

a) Treating microsphere suspension: and (3) sucking a certain amount of the microspheres prepared in the step (II) to centrifuge in a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge, removing the supernatant, adding a certain amount of MES buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment on an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument until the particles are resuspended, and adding the MES buffer solution to adjust the concentration of the microspheres to 100 mg/ml.

b) Preparing an avidin solution: a certain amount of streptavidin was weighed and dissolved in MES buffer to 8 mg/ml.

c) Mixing: mixing the treated microsphere suspension, 8mg/ml avidin and MES buffer solution in a volume ratio of 2:5:1, and quickly mixing to obtain a reaction solution.

d) Reaction: preparing 25mg/ml NaBH by MES buffer solution₃Adding CN solution according to the volume ratio of 1:25 to the reaction solution, and quickly and uniformly mixing. The reaction was rotated at 37 ℃ for 48 hours.

e) And (3) sealing: MES buffer solution is prepared into 75mg/ml Gly solution and 25mg/ml NaBH₃Adding CN solution into the solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1:10 of the reaction solution, mixing uniformly, and carrying out rotary reaction for 2 hours at 37 ℃. Then, 200mg/ml BSA solution (MES buffer) was added thereto at a volume ratio of 5:8, and the mixture was rapidly mixed and subjected to a rotary reaction at 37 ℃ for 16 hours.

f) Cleaning: adding MES buffer solution into the reacted solution, centrifuging by a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge, removing supernatant, adding fresh MES buffer solution, resuspending by an ultrasonic method, centrifuging again, washing for 3 times, finally suspending by using a small amount of donor particle buffer solution, measuring solid content, and adjusting the concentration to 150 mu g/ml by using the donor particle buffer solution to obtain the donor reagent containing donor particles.

g) The average diameter of the donor particles in the gaussian distribution was 227.7nm as measured by a nanometer particle sizer, and the coefficient of variation (C.V.) -6.5%, as shown in fig. 3.

Example 2: polysaccharide coated donor particles and preparation of donor reagents

The preparation of aldehyde-based polystyrene latex microspheres and the filling process of the sensitizer were the same as the preparation steps of (a) and (b) in example 1.

Preparation of (mono) aminodextran

a) A500 mL four-necked flask was placed in an oil bath pan, equipped with a condenser tube, and purged with nitrogen.

b) 10g of dextran with the average molecular weight distribution of 500000KDa, 100ml of deionized water, 2g of NaOH and 10g N- (2, 3-epoxypropyl) phthalimide are sequentially added, and the mixture is mechanically stirred.

c) After the oil bath is carried out for 2 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, the heating is closed, and the stirring is maintained for natural cooling.

d) The reaction mixture separated out the main mixture in 2L of methanol, the solid was collected and dried.

e) A200 mL four-necked flask was placed in an oil bath pan, equipped with a condenser tube, and purged with nitrogen.

f) The dried solid, 100mL of deionized water, 1.8g of sodium acetate, and 5mL of 50% hydrazine hydrate were sequentially added, the pH was adjusted to 4, and the mixture was mechanically stirred.

g) After the oil bath is carried out for 1 hour at the temperature of 85 ℃, the heating is closed, and the stirring is maintained for natural cooling.

h) The pH of the reaction solution is adjusted to be neutral and then filtered, and the filtrate is collected.

i) The filtrate is put into a dialysis bag, and is dialyzed for 2 days at the temperature of 4 ℃ by deionized water, and the water is changed for 3 to 4 times every day.

j) After dialysis, the resulting solution was lyophilized to obtain 9.0g of an aminodextran solid.

k) The amino group content was found to be 0.83mmol/g by TNBSA method.

Preparation of (di) aldehyde dextran

a) 10g of dextran with a mean molecular weight distribution of 500000kDa were weighed into a 250 beaker, and 100mL of 0.1M/pH 6.0 phosphate buffer was added and dissolved with stirring at room temperature.

b) 1.8g of sodium metaperiodate was weighed into a 50mL beaker, and 10mL of 0.1M/pH 6.0 phosphate buffer was added and dissolved with stirring at room temperature.

c) Slowly dropwise adding the sodium metaperiodate solution into the glucan solution, reacting until no bubbles are generated, and continuing stirring for 1 hour.

d) The reaction mixture is put into a dialysis bag, and is dialyzed for 2 days at the temperature of 4 ℃ by deionized water, and the water is changed for 3 to 4 times every day.

e) After dialysis, the mixture was freeze-dried to obtain 9.6g of aldehyde dextran solid.

f) The aldehyde group content was measured by using the BCA Kit to be 0.94 mmol/g.

(III) microsphere-coated dextran

a) 50mg of the aminodextran solid was placed in a 20mL round-bottom flask, and 5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added and dissolved with stirring at 30 ℃ in the dark.

b) 100mg of donor particles were added to the aminodextran solution and stirred for 2 hours.

c) 10mg of sodium borohydride was dissolved in 0.5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution, and the solution was added dropwise to the reaction solution, followed by overnight reaction at 30 ℃ in the absence of light.

d) After the reaction, the mixture 30000G was centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, and 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added thereto for ultrasonic dispersion. After repeating the centrifugal washing three times, the volume was adjusted to 20mg/ml by using 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer.

e) 100mg of aldehyde dextran solid was placed in a 20mL round-bottom flask, 5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added, and the mixture was dissolved with stirring at 30 ℃ in the dark.

f) The particles are added into the aldehyde dextran solution and stirred for 2 hours.

g) 15mg of sodium borohydride was dissolved in 0.5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution, and the solution was added dropwise to the reaction solution and reacted overnight at 30 ℃ with exclusion of light.

h) After the reaction, the mixture 30000G was centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, and 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added thereto for ultrasonic dispersion. After repeating the centrifugal washing three times, the volume was adjusted to 20mg/ml by using 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer.

i) The gaussian distribution average particle size of the microspheres was 235.6nm as measured by a nano-particle sizer, and the coefficient of variation (C.V.) -8.1%, as shown in fig. 4.

(IV) preparing donor reagent by modifying avidin on the surface of microsphere

h) Treating microsphere suspension: and (3) sucking a certain amount of microspheres prepared in the step (three) into a high-speed freezing centrifugal machine for centrifugation, removing a supernatant, adding a certain amount of MES buffer solution, performing ultrasonic treatment on an ultrasonic cell disruption instrument until the microspheres are resuspended, and adding the MES buffer solution to adjust the concentration of donor particles to 100 mg/ml.

i) Preparing an avidin solution: a certain amount of neutravidin was weighed and dissolved to 8mg/ml by adding MES buffer.

j) Mixing: mixing the treated microsphere suspension, 8mg/ml avidin and MES buffer solution in a volume ratio of 2:5:1, and quickly mixing to obtain a reaction solution.

k) Reaction: preparing 25mg/ml NaBH by MES buffer solution₃Adding CN solution according to the volume ratio of 1:25 to the reaction solution, and quickly and uniformly mixing. The reaction was rotated at 37 ℃ for 48 hours.

l) sealing: MES buffer solution is prepared into 75mg/ml Gly solution and 25mg/ml NaBH₃Adding CN solution into the solution according to the volume ratio of 2:1:10 of the reaction solution, mixing uniformly, and carrying out rotary reaction for 2 hours at 37 ℃. Then, 200mg/ml BSA solution (MES buffer) was added thereto at a volume ratio of 5:8, and the mixture was rapidly mixed and subjected to a rotary reaction at 37 ℃ for 16 hours.

m) cleaning: adding MES buffer solution into the reacted solution, centrifuging by a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge, removing supernatant, adding fresh MES buffer solution, resuspending by an ultrasonic method, centrifuging again, washing for 3 times, finally suspending by using a small amount of donor particle buffer solution, measuring solid content, and adjusting the concentration to 150 mu g/ml by using the donor particle buffer solution to obtain the donor reagent containing donor particles.

n) the average diameter of the donor particles in the gaussian distribution measured by a nano-particle sizer was 249.9nm, and the coefficient of variation (C.V.) -11.6%, as shown in fig. 5.

Example 3: preparation of receptor particles

1. Preparation and characterization process of aldehyde polystyrene latex microspheres

1) A100 ml three-necked flask was prepared, 40mmol of styrene, 5mmol of acrolein and 10ml of water were added thereto, and after stirring for 10min, N was introduced thereinto₂ 30min；

2) 0.11g of ammonium persulfate and 0.2g of sodium chloride were weighed and dissolved in 40ml of water to prepare an aqueous solution. Adding the aqueous solution into the reaction system in the step 1, and continuously introducing N₂ 30min；

3) Heating the reaction system to 70 ℃ and reacting for 15 hours;

4) the emulsion after completion of the reaction was cooled to room temperature and filtered through a suitable filter cloth. Washing the obtained emulsion with deionized water by secondary centrifugal sedimentation until the conductivity of the supernatant at the beginning of centrifugation is close to that of the deionized water, then diluting with water, and storing in an emulsion form;

5) the mean particle size of the latex microspheres in a Gaussian distribution measured by a nanometer particle sizer was 202.2nm, the coefficient of variation (C.V.) -4.60%, and the Gaussian distribution curve is shown in fig. 6. The aldehyde group content of the latex microsphere is 280nmol/mg measured by an electric conductivity titration method.

2. Process and characterization of embedding luminescent compositions within microspheres

1) A25 ml round-bottom flask was prepared, and 0.1g of a dimethylthiophene derivative and 0.1g of europium (III) complex (MTTA-EU) were added³⁺) 10ml of 95% ethanol, magnetically stirring, heating in a water bath to 70 ℃ to obtain a complex solution;

2) preparing a 100ml three-neck flask, adding 10ml of 95% ethanol, 10ml of water and 10ml of aldehyde polystyrene latex microspheres with the concentration of 10% obtained in the step 1, magnetically stirring, and heating to 70 ℃ in a water bath;

3) slowly dripping the complex solution in the step 1) into the three-neck flask in the step 2), reacting for 2 hours at 70 ℃, stopping stirring, and naturally cooling;

4) and centrifuging the emulsion for 1 hour at 30000G, and removing supernatant after centrifugation to obtain the aldehyde polystyrene microspheres embedded with the luminescent composition.

5) The average particle size of the microspheres in a Gaussian distribution measured by a nanometer particle sizer was 204.9nm, and the coefficient of variation (C.V.) (see FIG. 7) was 5.00%

3. Process and characterization for coating polysaccharide coating on microsphere surface

1) Taking 50mg of aminodextran solid, putting the aminodextran solid in a 20mL round-bottom flask, adding 5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution, and stirring and dissolving the aminodextran solid at 30 ℃ in the dark;

2) adding 100mg of aldehyde polystyrene microspheres which are prepared in the step 2 and are filled with the luminescent composition into the aminodextran solution, and stirring for 2 hours;

3) dissolving 10mg of sodium borohydride in 0.5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution, dropwise adding the solution into the reaction solution, and reacting overnight at 30 ℃ in a dark place;

4) after the reaction, the mixture 30000G was centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, and 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added thereto for ultrasonic dispersion. After repeated centrifugal washing for three times, the solution is fixed by 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution to a final concentration of 20 mg/ml;

5) adding 100mg aldehyde dextran solid into a 20mL round-bottom flask, adding 5mL 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer, and stirring and dissolving at 30 ℃ in the dark;

6) adding the microspheres into an aldehyde dextran solution and stirring for 2 hours;

7) dissolving 15mg of sodium borohydride in 0.5mL of 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer solution, dropwise adding the solution into the reaction solution, and reacting overnight at 30 ℃ in a dark place;

8) after the reaction, the mixture 30000G was centrifuged, the supernatant was discarded, and 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer was added thereto for ultrasonic dispersion. After repeating the centrifugal washing three times, the volume was adjusted to 20mg/ml by using 50mM/pH 10 carbonate buffer.

9) The average particle size of Gaussian distribution of the particle size of the microspheres at this time was 241.6nm as measured by a nanometer particle sizer, and the coefficient of variation (C.V.) (see fig. 8) was 12.90%.

Conjugation procedure for PCT antibody

1) The paired PCT antibody was dialyzed into 50mM CB buffer at PH 10 to a measured concentration of 1 mg/ml.

2) Adding 0.5ml of microspheres obtained in the step 3 and 0.5ml of paired antibody I obtained in the step 1) into a 2ml centrifuge tube, uniformly mixing, and adding 100 mu l of 10mg/ml NaBH₄The solution (50mM CB buffer) was reacted at 2-8 ℃ for 4 hours.

3) After completion of the reaction, 0.5ml of 100mg/ml BSA solution (50mM CB buffer) was added thereto, and the reaction was carried out at 2 to 8 ℃ for 2 hours.

4) After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was centrifuged at 30000G for 45min, and the supernatant was discarded after centrifugation and resuspended in 50mM MES buffer. The centrifugal washing was repeated four times, and diluted with a buffer solution to a final concentration of 50. mu.g/ml to obtain a solution of PCT antibody-conjugated receptor particles.

5) The mean particle size of the Gaussian distribution of the particle sizes of the acceptor particles at this time was 253.5nm as measured by a nanometer particle sizer, and the coefficient of variation (C.V value) was 9.60% (as shown in fig. 9).

Example 4: preparation of Donor reagents comprising the following series of Donor particles Using the method in example 1

Donor reagent 1: the average particle size of the donor particles in the Gaussian distribution curve is 226.5nm, and the value of the variation coefficient C.V of the particle size distribution is 3.8%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 2: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 225.3nm, and the value of the variation coefficient C.V of the particle size distribution is 4.6%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 3: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 225.2nm, and the value of the variation coefficient of particle size distribution C.V is 5.0%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 4: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 226.7nm, and the value of the variation coefficient of particle size distribution C.V is 8.1%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 5: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 227.8nm, and the value of the variation coefficient of the particle size distribution C.V is 15.6%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 6: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 225.9nm, and the value of the variation coefficient of particle size distribution C.V is 26.1%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Donor reagent 7: the average particle size of donor particles in a Gaussian distribution curve is 225.1nm, and the value of the variation coefficient C.V of the particle size distribution is 32.4%; nicomp distribution is unimodal.

Example 5: light-activated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer

The principle of the light-activated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer in the embodiment is as follows: the target molecule to be detected in the sample to be detected reacts with the donor particles and the acceptor particles to form immune complexes, the interaction draws the donor particles and the acceptor particles closer, and under the irradiation of laser (the wavelength is 680nm), the sensitizer in the donor particles converts oxygen in the surrounding environment into more active monomer oxygen. The monomer oxygen diffuses to the acceptor particle and reacts with the chemiluminescence agent in the acceptor particle to further activate the luminescent group on the acceptor particle to enable the luminescent group to emit light with the wavelength of 520-620 nm. The half-life of the monomeric oxygen is 4 [ mu ] Sec, and the diffusion distance in the solution is about 200 nm. If there is no interaction between the biomolecules and singlet oxygen cannot diffuse to the receptor particle, no light signal is generated. Therefore, the concentration of the target molecule to be detected in the sample to be detected can be calculated by measuring the intensity of light emitted by the mixture. Wherein the donor particle comprises a first support, the interior of which is filled with a sensitizer, the surface of which chemically bonds to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

One preferred structure of the photoluminescence immunoassay analyzer described in this embodiment includes the following components:

the reagent sample adding module is used for adding a sample to be detected and/or an acceptor reagent and a donor reagent into the reaction container; wherein the donor reagent comprises donor particles, and the variation coefficient C.V value of the particle size distribution of the donor particles in the donor reagent is more than or equal to 5%;

an incubation module for providing a suitable temperature environment for a homogeneous chemiluminescent reaction in a reaction vessel; the incubation module can adopt a metal bath, a water bath or an oil bath and the like;

a detection module comprising a laser exciter and a photon detector (PMT) for optical signal detection for detecting a chemiluminescent signal generated by a homogeneous chemiluminescent reaction.

The reagent sample adding module, the incubation module and the detection module are all electrically connected with the circuit control module. Under the control of the circuit control module, the incubation module is used for adjusting the temperature of an immunoreaction substance, the reagent sample adding module is used for transferring the substance in the reaction container, and the detection module is used for emitting laser and measuring the light intensity emitted by a sample to be detected.

Example 6: test results and analysis on computer (test substance: PCT antigen)

(1) The donor reagents of example 1 and example 2 were simultaneously loaded with the acceptor reagent of example 3 using the analyzer of example 5 to detect PCT antigens, and the results are shown in table 1. The PCT quantitative assay detection kit (photo-activated chemiluminescence method) used in this example was composed of a reagent 1(R1 ') containing acceptor particles coated with a primary anti-PCT antibody, a reagent 2(R2 ') containing a biotin-labeled secondary anti-PCT antibody, and additionally included a general-purpose liquid (R3 ') containing donor particles. Wherein R1' is the receptor reagent prepared using the receptor particles (particle size distribution variation coefficient C.V value: 9.6%) in example 3; r3' is the donor reagent prepared using the donor particles of examples 1 and 2.

TABLE 1

From the results in table 1, it is clear that both the sensitivity and the upper limit of detection of the donor reagent provided in the present application are excellent. And the sensitivity and the upper limit of detection using the donor reagent in example 1 are superior to those of the donor reagent in example 2. It can be seen that the performance of the donor particles using the non-polysaccharide coated particles is more excellent.

(2) The results of the in-silico detection of the donor reagent of example 4 and the acceptor reagent of example 3 were performed simultaneously

The PCT quantitative determination detection kit (photo-excited chemiluminescence method) used in this example was composed of a reagent 1(R1 ') containing acceptor particles coated with a first anti-PCT antibody, a reagent 2(R2 ') containing a biotin-labeled second anti-PCT antibody, and additionally included a universal solution (R3 ') containing donor particles. Wherein R1' is the receptor reagent prepared using the receptor particles (particle size distribution variation coefficient C.V value: 9.6%) in example 3; r3' is a series of donor reagents prepared using example 4.

The detection process is completed on a full-automatic light-activated chemiluminescence analysis system (LiCA HT) developed by Boyang Biotechnology (Shanghai) Inc., and a detection result is output, and the specific experimental steps are as follows:

1. respectively adding the uniformly mixed sample, the prepared R1 'and the prepared R2' into an 8X 12 white board;

2. putting the white board added with the sample into a LiCA HT instrument for reaction in the following reaction mode;

(1) mixing 40ul sample, 15ul R1 'and 15ul R2' well;

(2) incubating at 37 ℃ for 8 min;

(3) 160ul of R3' was added;

(4) incubating at 37 ℃ for 2 min;

(5) the excitation readings and the specific detection results are shown in table 2 below.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from Table 2, when the variation coefficient of the particle size distribution of the donor particles is not less than 5%, the on-machine detection of the donor reagent containing the donor particles has both suitable sensitivity and wide detection range.

Example 7: detection of clinical samples of CRP at different concentrations

Using the photo-activated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer in example 5, 50 μ L of clinical samples (including serum and whole blood) with different concentrations of CRP were added to the reaction cuvette, the mean value was taken in parallel channels of each well, 50 μ L of biotinylated anti-CRP antibody, 50 μ L of receptor reagent containing coupled CRP receptor particles was reacted at 37 ℃ for 7.5min, 50 μ L of donor reagent prepared in example 4 was further added, and the reaction was carried out at 37 ℃ for 5min, and then the light-activated assay was carried out, and the experimental results are shown in Table 3 and FIG. 10. As can be seen from table 3 and fig. 10, the correlation coefficient using serum and whole blood reached 0.9988. The experimental result shows that the donor particle greatly reduces the nonspecific adsorption in the sample, has very good correlation between the measurement results aiming at the serum and the whole blood, greatly enhances the adaptability of the donor reagent to the clinical sample, and can be directly used for the detection of the clinical whole blood sample.

TABLE 3

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and do not constitute any limitation to the present invention. The present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, but the words which have been used herein are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. The invention can be modified, as prescribed, within the scope of the claims and without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein, but rather extends to all other methods and applications having the same functionality.

Claims

1. Donor particle for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis, capable of generating reactive oxygen species in an excited state, characterized in that it comprises a first support, the interior of which is filled with a sensitizer, the surface of which chemically bonds to one of the members of a specific binding pair.

2. The donor particle of claim 1, wherein the surface of the first support is free of coating or has attached thereto a polysaccharide species that is directly chemically bonded to one of the members of the specific binding pair.

3. The donor particle of claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the first support carries a bonding functionality for chemically bonding one of the specific binding pair members to the surface of the first support.

4. The donor particle of claim 3, wherein the bonding functional group is selected from the group consisting of amine groups, amide groups, hydroxyl groups, aldehyde groups, carboxyl groups, maleimide groups, and thiol groups; preferably selected from aldehyde groups and/or carboxyl groups.

5. The donor particle according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the bonded functional group content of the first support surface is 100 to 500nmol/mg, preferably 200 to 400 nmol/mg.

6. The donor particle according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the first support is coated with at least two successive polysaccharide layers, wherein a first polysaccharide layer is spontaneously associated with a second polysaccharide layer.

7. The donor particle of claim 6, wherein each of the successive polysaccharide layers is spontaneously associated with each of the previous polysaccharide layers.

8. The donor particle according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups, the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer being oppositely charged to the functional groups of the preceding polysaccharide layer.

9. The donor particle of any one of claims 6-8, wherein the polysaccharide has pendant functional groups and the continuous polysaccharide layer is covalently linked to the previous polysaccharide layer by a reaction between the functional groups and the functional groups of the previous polysaccharide layer.

10. The donor particle according to claim 9, wherein the functional groups of the continuous polysaccharide layer alternate between amine functional groups and amine-reactive functional groups.

11. The donor particle of claim 10, wherein the amine-reactive functional group is an aldehyde group or a carboxyl group.

12. The donor particle according to any one of claims 6-11, wherein the first polysaccharide layer spontaneously associates with the first support.

13. The donor particle according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating has at least one pendant functional group.

14. The donor particle according to any one of claims 6 to 13, wherein the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are selected from at least one of aldehyde groups, carboxyl groups, thiol groups, amino groups, hydroxyl groups, and maleic groups; preferably selected from aldehyde groups and/or carboxyl groups.

15. The donor particle of claim 14, wherein the pendant functional groups of the outermost polysaccharide layer of the coating are directly or indirectly bound by one of the members of the specific binding pair chemically bonded.

16. The donor particle according to any one of claims 6 to 15, wherein the polysaccharide is selected from carbohydrates comprising three or more unmodified or modified monosaccharide units; preferably selected from the group consisting of dextran, starch, glycogen, inulin, fructan, mannan, agarose, galactan, carboxydextran and aminodextran; more preferably selected from dextran, starch, glycogen and polyribose.

17. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-16, wherein the first carrier has a particle size selected from the group consisting of 100-400 nm, preferably 150-350 nm, and more preferably 180-220 nm.

18. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-17, wherein the first support is magnetic or non-magnetic, preferably non-magnetic.

19. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the first support has a shape selected from the group consisting of a tape, a sheet, a rod, a tube, a well, a microtiter plate, a bead, a particle, and a microsphere; microspheres are preferred.

20. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the first support is selected from a natural, synthetic, or modified naturally occurring polymer; preferably a synthetic polymer.

21. The donor particle of claim 20, wherein the first support is made of a material selected from agarose, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polyvinyl butyrate, and polyacrylate; preferably selected from polystyrene, polypropylene, poly (4-methylbutene), polyacrylamide, polymethacrylate, polyethylene terephthalate or polyacrylate.

22. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-21, wherein the first support is a polystyrene latex microsphere.

23. Donor particles according to any of claims 1 to 22, wherein the sensitizer is a photoactivated photosensitizer and/or a chemically activated initiator, preferably a photoactivated photosensitizer; further preferably, the sensitizer is selected from methylene blue, rose bengal, porphyrins, phthalocyanines and chlorophylls.

24. The donor particle of any one of claims 1-23, wherein the specific binding pair member is selected from a pair of substances capable of specifically binding to each other, consisting of an antibody, an antibody fragment, a ligand, an oligonucleotide binding protein, a lectin, a hapten, an antigen, an immunoglobulin binding protein, avidin, or biotin.

25. The donor particle of claim 24, wherein the specific binding pair member is avidin-biotin.

26. Donor particle according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the avidin is selected from the group consisting of ovalbumin, streptavidin, vitellin, neutravidin and an avidin-like, preferably neutravidin and/or streptavidin.

27. The donor particle of any one of claims 24-26, wherein the avidin is chemically bound to the surface of the first support by way of an amino group reacting with an aldehyde group on the surface of the first support to form a schiff base.

28. A donor reagent for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising the donor particle of any one of claims 1 to 27.

29. The donor agent of claim 28, wherein the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of size distribution C.V value ≥ 5% in the donor agent.

30. The donor agent of claim 28 or 29, wherein the donor particles have a coefficient of variation in size distribution C.V value of 8% or more in the donor agent; preferably, the donor particles have a variation coefficient C.V value of 10% or more in the particle size distribution of the donor particles in the reagent.

31. The donor agent of any one of claims 28 to 30, wherein the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value ≦ 40%; still more preferably, the donor particles have a coefficient of variation of particle size distribution C.V value ≦ 20% in the donor agent.

32. The donor agent of any one of claims 28 to 31, wherein the donor particles exhibit a polydispersity in their size distribution in the donor agent.

33. The donor agent of any one of claims 28 to 32, wherein the concentration of the donor particles in the donor agent is from 10 μ g/ml to 1mg/ml, preferably from 20 μ g/ml to 500 μ g/ml, more preferably from 50 μ g/ml to 200 μ g/ml.

34. The donor agent of any one of claims 28 to 33, further comprising a buffer solution having a pH of 7.0 to 9.0, wherein the donor particles are suspended in the buffer solution.

35. The donor agent of claim 34, wherein the buffer solution comprises a polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of carbohydrates comprising three or more unmodified or modified monosaccharide units, preferably from the group consisting of dextran, starch, glycogen, inulin, fructan, mannan, agarose, galactan, carboxydextran, and aminodextran; more preferably selected from dextran, starch, glycogen and polyribose.

36. The donor agent according to claim 35, wherein the dextran has a molecular weight distribution Mw selected from 10000 to 1000000KDa, preferably from 100000 to 800000KDa, more preferably from 300000 to 700000 KDa.

37. The donor agent of claim 36, wherein the buffer solution comprises dextran in an amount of 0.01 to 1 wt%, preferably 0.05 to 0.5 wt%.

38. A kit for homogeneous chemiluminescent analysis comprising the donor particle of any one of claims 1 to 27 or the donor reagent of any one of claims 28 to 37.

39. The kit of claim 38, further comprising a receptor reagent comprising receptor particles capable of reacting with reactive oxygen species to produce chemiluminescence.

40. The kit of claim 39, wherein the receptor particle comprises a second carrier, the second carrier is filled with the luminescent composition, the surface of the second carrier is coated with at least one polysaccharide layer, and the surface of the polysaccharide layer is connected with a reporter molecule, and the reporter molecule can specifically bind to a target molecule to be detected.

41. The kit of claim 40, wherein the luminescent composition comprises a chemiluminescent compound and a metal chelate.

42. The kit according to claim 41, wherein the chemiluminescent compound is selected from the group consisting of olefinic compounds, preferably from the group consisting of dimethylthiophene, dibutyldiketone compounds, dioxines, enol ethers, enamines, 9-alkylidenexanthanes, 9-alkylene-N-9, 10 dihydroacridines, arylethyletherenes, arylimidazoles, and lucigenins and derivatives thereof, more preferably from the group consisting of dimethylthiophene and derivatives thereof.

43. The kit according to claim 41 or 42, wherein the metal of the metal chelate is a rare earth metal or a group VIII metal, preferably selected from europium, terbium, dysprosium, samarium osmium and ruthenium, more preferably europium.

44. The kit of any one of claims 41 to 43, wherein the metal chelate comprises a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of: NHA, BHHT, BHHCT, DPP, TTA, NPPTA, NTA, TOPO, TPPO, BFTA, 2-dimethyl-4-perfluorobutanoyl-3-butanone, 2' -bipyridine, bipyridylcarboxylic acid, azacrown ether, azacryptand phosphine oxide and derivatives thereof.

45. A clinical use of a donor particle according to any one of claims 1 to 27 or a donor agent according to any one of claims 28 to 37 or a kit according to any one of claims 38 to 44 for the in vitro diagnosis of a disease in a patient.

46. A homogeneous chemiluminescent analyzer utilizing the donor particle of any one of claims 1 to 27 or the donor reagent of any one of claims 28 to 37 or the kit of any one of claims 38 to 44 to analyze whether a sample to be tested contains a target molecule to be tested.

47. The homogeneous chemiluminescent analyzer of claim 46 comprising the following components:

a reagent adding mechanism for adding an acceptor reagent containing acceptor particles and/or a donor reagent containing donor particles to a reaction vessel;

48. A homogeneous chemiluminescent analyzer according to claim 46 or 47 wherein the test sample is selected from materials suspected of containing the target molecule to be tested including but not limited to: blood, serum, plasma, sputum, lymph, semen, vaginal mucus, feces, urine, or spinal fluid.