CN112240233B - LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system and working method thereof - Google Patents
LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D7/00—Arrangements for direct production of electric energy from fusion or fission reactions
- G21D7/02—Arrangements for direct production of electric energy from fusion or fission reactions using magneto-hydrodynamic generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/08—Magnetohydrodynamic [MHD] generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K44/00—Machines in which the dynamo-electric interaction between a plasma or flow of conductive liquid or of fluid-borne conductive or magnetic particles and a coil system or magnetic field converts energy of mass flow into electrical energy or vice versa
- H02K44/28—Association of MHD generators with conventional generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
Abstract
The invention discloses a middle-high temperature heat source-oriented LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism and a working method thereof. The device is coupled with a deep sea nuclear reactor, liquid metal coolant and low-boiling point working medium are mixed with a mixer, so that the low-boiling point working medium is vaporized to push the liquid metal to generate electricity through a magnetofluid power generation channel, the generated mixed two-phase working medium is separated in the separator, a gas-state low-boiling point working medium is used to push a steam turbine to rotate to further generate electricity, the two power generation modes are combined ingeniously, the cascade utilization of energy is realized, in addition, if one power generation device breaks down, the other power generation device can be used for continuing to generate electricity through active control, and electric energy is continuously and stably output. The invention can obviously improve the power generation output power and stability of the deep sea nuclear power supply system and better meet the requirements of deep sea environment detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an LMMHD (Liquid Metal magnetohydrodynamic power generation-Hydro-Dynamics)/ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) coupled power generation system and a working method thereof, in particular to an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism and a working method thereof, and belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of energy.
Background
The ocean is the collective term for the widest body of water on earth, and its area accounts for about 71% of the earth's surface area. At present, human activities are basically staying on the ocean surface, and the bottom of the sea is only 5% explored by human. Huge mineral resources are stored in the seabed, investigation and utilization of the seabed mineral resources are needed for continuous development of the whole economic society, but at present, the insufficient endurance of deep sea equipment is still a technical bottleneck to be overcome for deep sea exploration.
The nuclear power system of the Liquid Metal cooling reactor adopts inert Liquid Metal to cool the reactor core, has high power density and long service life, meets the requirement of future deep sea equipment on the power system, but a power generation device and a power generation technology matched with the inert Liquid Metal still need to be further researched at present, and the magnetohydrodynamic generator mainly has two forms, namely a high-temperature plasma gas magnetohydrodynamic generator and a Liquid Metal Magnetohydrodynamic (LMMHD) generator, wherein the former uses high-temperature ionized conductive gas as a working medium, has high requirement on the temperature of a heat source and is usually more than 3000 ℃. Compared with high-temperature ionized gas, the liquid metal has the advantages of high conductivity, large specific heat, relatively low requirement on the temperature of a heat source and the like, can be directly coupled with a nuclear power system of a liquid metal cooling reactor, and has better practical prospect.
Although the power generation device provides a good idea for deep sea exploration, the requirements on the stability of a power generation system in some occasions with special environments, such as deep sea exploration activities, are very high, and due to the special environment, a power generation assembly cannot be maintained in time after being in fault, which may result in that electric energy cannot be continuously and stably output, and even further worsen and endanger the safety performance of the deep sea device, thereby resulting in serious consequences.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
aiming at the defects in the technology, the invention provides the LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system with the multi-loop fault prevention mechanism and the working method thereof, which can actively adjust the power generation mode of the power generation system to cope with the component faults possibly occurring in the deep sea environment, ensure the stable output of electric energy, improve the output power and efficiency of the electric energy, remarkably improve the stability of a deep sea nuclear power supply system, and better meet the requirements of deep sea environment detection.
The technical scheme is as follows:
an LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system comprises a primary liquid metal power generation system, a secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system and a condensation subsystem, wherein the primary liquid metal power generation system comprises a primary mixer (2), a primary magnetofluid power generation channel (3), a primary separator (4) and a first MHD pump (10), the secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first valve (5), a secondary steam turbine (6) and a secondary generator (7), and the condensation subsystem comprises a secondary condenser (8) and a working medium pump (9); the nuclear reactor system (1) is connected with a liquid metal inlet (a) of a primary mixer (2), an outlet of the primary mixer (2) is connected with an inlet of a primary magnetofluid power generation channel (3), the primary magnetofluid power generation channel (3) is connected with an inlet (c) of a primary separator (4), a liquid metal outlet (d) of the primary separator (4) is connected with an inlet of a first MHD pump (10), and an outlet of the first MHD pump (10) is connected with the nuclear reactor system (1); the low boiling point working medium outlet (e) of the primary separator (4) is connected with the inlet of a secondary steam turbine (6) through a first valve (5), the secondary steam turbine (6) is assembled with a secondary generator (7), the outlet of the secondary steam turbine (6) is connected with the low boiling point working medium inlet (h) of a secondary condenser (8), the low boiling point working medium outlet (k) of the secondary condenser (8) is connected with the inlet of a working medium pump (9), the outlet of the working medium pump (9) is connected with the low boiling point working medium inlet (b) of the primary mixer (2) through a second valve (11), and a cooling medium for cooling the low boiling point working medium enters from the cooling medium inlet (j) of the secondary condenser (8) and is output from the cooling medium outlet (i) of the secondary condenser (8).
An LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism comprises a primary liquid metal power generation system, a secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system, a condensation subsystem and an active control system, wherein the primary liquid metal power generation system comprises a primary mixer (2), a primary magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel (3), a primary separator (4) and a first MHD pump (10), the secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first valve (5), a secondary steam turbine (6) and a secondary generator (7), the condensation subsystem comprises a secondary condenser (8) and a working medium pump (9), and the active control system comprises a third valve (12), a fourth valve (14), a fifth valve (15), a second MHD pump (13) and a heat exchanger (16); the nuclear reactor system (1) is connected with a liquid metal inlet (a) of a first-stage mixer (2) through a fifth valve (15), an outlet of the first-stage mixer (2) is connected with an inlet of a first-stage magnetofluid power generation channel (3), the first-stage magnetofluid power generation channel (3) is connected with an inlet (c) of a first-stage separator (4), a liquid metal outlet (d) of the first-stage separator (4) is connected with an inlet of a first MHD pump (10), and an outlet of the first MHD pump (10) is connected with the nuclear reactor system (1); a low boiling point working medium outlet (e) of the primary separator (4) is connected with an inlet of a secondary steam turbine (6) through a first valve (5), the secondary steam turbine (6) is assembled with a secondary generator (7), an outlet of the secondary steam turbine (6) is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet (h) of a secondary condenser (8) through a seventh valve (18), a low boiling point working medium outlet (k) of the secondary condenser (8) is connected with an inlet of a working medium pump (9), an outlet of the working medium pump (9) is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet (b) of the primary mixer (2) through a second valve (11), a cooling medium for cooling the low boiling point working medium enters from a cooling medium inlet (j) of the secondary condenser (8) and is output from a cooling medium outlet (i) of the secondary condenser (8); the nuclear reactor system (1) is connected with a liquid metal inlet (l) of a heat exchanger (16) through a fourth valve (14), a liquid metal outlet (0) of the heat exchanger (16) is connected with an inlet of a second MHD pump (13), an outlet of the second MHD pump (13) is connected with the nuclear reactor system (1), a working medium pump (9) is connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet (m) of the heat exchanger (16) through a second valve (11), a low-boiling-point working medium outlet (n) of the heat exchanger (16) is connected with an inlet of a secondary steam turbine (6), and a low-boiling-point working medium outlet (e) of a primary separator (4) is connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet (h) of a condenser (8) through a sixth valve (17).
A method of operating an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: a deep sea nuclear reactor is used as a heat source, a liquid metal coolant is heated to a higher temperature, high-temperature liquid metal is mixed with a liquid low-boiling point working medium in a primary mixer (2), the liquid low-boiling point working medium is caused to rapidly vaporize and expand in volume to push the liquid metal to move into a primary magnetofluid power generation channel (3), and two-phase mixed fluid after power generation finishes gas-liquid separation in a separator (4).
Step two: gaseous low boiling point working media which are separated in the separator continue to move, the second-stage steam turbine (6) is pushed to rotate through the first valve (5) so as to drive the second-stage generator (7) to generate electricity, then the gaseous low boiling point working media enter the condenser (8) to be condensed, and liquid low boiling point working media obtained by condensation are transported through the working medium pump (9) to return to the first-stage mixer (2) again to perform a new round of electricity generation circulation.
A method of operating an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system having a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the first valve (5), the seventh valve (18) and the fourth valve (14) are closed, the third valve (12), open fifth valve (15), sixth valve (17), second valve (11), coolant liquid metal through nuclear reactor heating mixes with liquid low boiling point working medium in one-level blender (2), lead to liquid low boiling point working medium rapid vaporization volume expansion to promote liquid metal motion and get into one-level magnetic fluid power generation passageway (3), two-phase mixed fluid after the electricity generation finishes accomplishes gas-liquid separation in separator (4), gaseous state low boiling point working medium gets into condenser (8) and condenses afterwards, the liquid low boiling point working medium that the condensation obtained returns to one-level blender (2) again through the transportation of working medium pump (9) and carries out the electricity generation circulation of new round, liquid metal returns to nuclear reactor cooling reactor core again through the transportation of first MHD pump (10).
Step two: opening a seventh valve (18), a fourth valve (14), a third valve (12), closing a fifth valve (15), a second valve (11) and a sixth valve (17), wherein the coolant liquid metal heated by the nuclear reactor flows to a heat exchanger (16), and exchanges heat with the liquid low-boiling point working medium, the generated gaseous low-boiling point working medium pushes a secondary turbine (6) to rotate so as to drive a secondary generator (7) to generate electricity, then the gaseous low-boiling point working medium enters a condenser (8) to be condensed, and the condensed liquid low-boiling point working medium returns to the heat exchanger (16) through the third valve (12) through the transportation flow of a working medium pump (9) to perform a new cycle.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through reasonable arrangement, the liquid metal two-phase flow magnetohydrodynamic power generation device and the organic Rankine cycle device are skillfully combined, heat energy generated by the nuclear reactor can be fully utilized for power generation, the efficiency of converting the heat energy into electric energy is improved in a gradient utilization mode, and the efficient utilization of energy is favorably realized.
(2) The liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic electricity generation channel does not need a mechanical conversion link, can directly convert the heat energy of the liquid metal into electric energy for output, and is high in conversion efficiency.
(3) Because the deep sea environment is special, if the power generation device fails in the deep sea detection activity, the power generation device is difficult to maintain in time, and the safety performance of the whole detection device is influenced, therefore, the invention further reasonably designs on the basis of a multi-stage power generation system, achieves active control on mode conversion of the power generation system by arranging a plurality of valves, and can switch the power generation mode through the active control when a certain part of the power generation device fails, so that the power generation system can continue to generate power when a part of components fail, the stability of the deep sea nuclear power supply system can be obviously improved, and the requirement of the deep sea environment detection can be better met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system of the present invention;
wherein: the system comprises a nuclear reactor system, 2-a first-stage mixer, 3-a first-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel, 4-a first-stage separator, 5-a first valve, 6-a second-stage steam turbine, 7-a second-stage generator, 8-a second-stage condenser, 9-a working medium pump, 10-a first MHD pump, a-a first-stage mixer liquid metal inlet, b-a first-stage mixer low boiling point working medium inlet, c-a first-stage separator two-phase mixed working medium inlet, d-a first-stage separator liquid metal outlet, e-a first-stage separator gaseous low boiling point working medium outlet, h-a second-stage condenser low boiling point working medium inlet, i-a second-stage condenser cooling medium outlet, j-a second-stage condenser cooling medium inlet and k-a second-stage condenser low boiling point working medium outlet.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism;
wherein: 1-a nuclear reactor system, 2-a first-stage mixer, 3-a first-stage magnetohydrodynamic power generation channel, 4-a first-stage separator, 5-a first valve, 6-a second-stage steam turbine, 7-a second-stage generator, 8-a second-stage condenser, 9-a working medium pump, 10-a first MHD pump, 11-a second valve, 12-a third valve, 13-a second MHD pump, 14-a fourth valve, 15-a fifth valve, 16-a heat exchanger, 17-a sixth valve, 18-a seventh valve, a-a first-stage mixer liquid metal inlet, b-a first-stage mixer low boiling point working medium inlet, c-a first-stage separator two-phase mixed working medium inlet, d-a first-stage separator liquid metal outlet, e-a first-stage separator gaseous low boiling point working medium outlet, the device comprises an h-secondary condenser low boiling point working medium inlet, an i-secondary condenser cooling medium outlet, a j-secondary condenser cooling medium inlet, a k-secondary condenser low boiling point working medium outlet, an l-heat exchanger liquid metal inlet, an m-heat exchanger low boiling point working medium inlet, an n-heat exchanger low boiling point working medium outlet and an o-heat exchanger liquid metal outlet.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
An LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system (as shown in figure 1) comprises a primary liquid metal power generation system, a secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system and a condensation subsystem, wherein the primary liquid metal power generation system comprises a primary mixer 2, a primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, a primary separator 4 and a first MHD pump 10, the secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first valve 5, a secondary steam turbine 6 and a secondary generator 7, and the condensation subsystem comprises a secondary condenser 8 and a working medium pump 9; the nuclear reactor system 1 is connected with a liquid metal inlet a of a primary mixer 2, an outlet of the primary mixer 2 is connected with an inlet of a primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, the primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3 is connected with an inlet c of a primary separator 4, a liquid metal outlet d of the primary separator 4 is connected with an inlet of a first MHD pump 10, and an outlet of the first MHD pump 10 is connected with the nuclear reactor system 1; the low boiling point working medium outlet e of the first-stage separator 4 is connected with the inlet of the second-stage steam turbine 6 through the first valve 5, the second-stage steam turbine 6 is assembled with the second-stage generator 7, the outlet of the second-stage steam turbine 6 is connected with the low boiling point working medium inlet h of the second-stage condenser 8, the low boiling point working medium outlet k of the second-stage condenser 8 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 9, the outlet of the working medium pump 9 is connected with the low boiling point working medium inlet b of the first-stage mixer 2 through the second valve 11, and the cooling medium for cooling the low boiling point working medium enters from the cooling medium inlet j of the second-stage condenser 8 and is output from the cooling medium outlet i of the second-stage condenser 8.
The working method of the LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system (as shown in figure 1) specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: a deep sea nuclear reactor is used as a heat source, a liquid metal coolant is heated to a higher temperature, high-temperature liquid metal is mixed with liquid low-boiling point working medium in a primary mixer 2, the liquid low-boiling point working medium is caused to be rapidly vaporized and expanded in volume to push the liquid metal to move into a primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, and two-phase mixed fluid after power generation finishes gas-liquid separation in a separator 4.
Step two: the gaseous low-boiling point working medium which is separated in the separator continues to move, the second-stage steam turbine 6 is pushed to rotate through the first valve 5 so as to drive the second-stage generator 7 to generate electricity, then the gaseous low-boiling point working medium enters the condenser 8 to be condensed, and the condensed liquid low-boiling point working medium returns to the first-stage mixer 2 again through the transportation of the working medium pump 9 to perform a new round of electricity generation circulation.
An LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system (as shown in figure 2) with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism comprises a primary liquid metal power generation system, a secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system, a condensation subsystem and an active control system, wherein the primary liquid metal power generation system comprises a primary mixer 2, a primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, a primary separator 4 and a first MHD pump 10, the secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first valve 5, a secondary turbine 6 and a secondary generator 7, the condensation subsystem comprises a secondary condenser 8 and a working medium pump 9, and the active control system comprises a third valve 12, a fourth valve 14, a fifth valve 15, a second MHD pump 13 and a heat exchanger 16; the nuclear reactor system 1 is connected with a liquid metal inlet a of a primary mixer 2 through a fifth valve 15, an outlet of the primary mixer 2 is connected with an inlet of a primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, the primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3 is connected with an inlet c of a primary separator 4, a liquid metal outlet d of the primary separator 4 is connected with an inlet of a first MHD pump 10, and an outlet of the first MHD pump 10 is connected with the nuclear reactor system 1; a low boiling point working medium outlet e of the primary separator 4 is connected with an inlet of a secondary turbine 6 through a first valve 5, the secondary turbine 6 is assembled with a secondary generator 7, an outlet of the secondary turbine 6 is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet h of a secondary condenser 8 through a seventh valve 18, a low boiling point working medium outlet k of the secondary condenser 8 is connected with an inlet of a working medium pump 9, an outlet of the working medium pump 9 is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet b of the primary mixer 2 through a second valve 11, and a cooling medium for cooling the low boiling point working medium enters from a cooling medium inlet j of the secondary condenser 8 and is output from a cooling medium outlet i of the secondary condenser 8; the nuclear reactor system 1 is further connected with a liquid metal inlet l of a heat exchanger 16 through a fourth valve 14, a liquid metal outlet 0 of the heat exchanger 16 is connected with an inlet of a second MHD pump 13, an outlet of the second MHD pump 13 is connected with the nuclear reactor system 1, a working medium pump 9 is further connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet m of the heat exchanger 16 through a second valve 11, a low-boiling-point working medium outlet n of the heat exchanger 16 is connected with an inlet of a second-stage steam turbine 6, and a low-boiling-point working medium outlet e of the first-stage separator 4 is further connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet h of a condenser 8 through a sixth valve 17.
The working method of the LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system (as shown in FIG. 2) with the multi-loop fault prevention mechanism specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: closing the first valve 5, the seventh valve 18, the fourth valve 14 and the third valve 12, opening the fifth valve 15, the sixth valve 17 and the second valve 11, mixing the coolant liquid metal heated by the nuclear reactor with the liquid low-boiling point working medium in the primary mixer 2 to cause the liquid low-boiling point working medium to be rapidly vaporized and expanded in volume to push the liquid metal to move into the primary magnetofluid power generation channel 3, completing gas-liquid separation of the two-phase mixed fluid after power generation in the separator 4, then condensing the gaseous low-boiling point working medium in the condenser 8, returning the condensed liquid low-boiling point working medium to the primary mixer 2 again through the transportation of the working medium pump 9 to perform a new round of power generation circulation, and returning the liquid metal to the nuclear reactor cooling reactor core again through the transportation of the first MHD pump 10.
Step two: opening a seventh valve 18, a fourth valve 14 and a third valve 12, closing a fifth valve 15, a second valve 11 and a sixth valve 17, enabling the coolant liquid metal heated by the nuclear reactor to flow to a heat exchanger 16, carrying out heat exchange with the liquid low-boiling-point working medium in the heat exchanger, enabling the generated gaseous low-boiling-point working medium to push a secondary turbine 6 to rotate so as to drive a secondary generator 7 to generate power, enabling the gaseous low-boiling-point working medium to enter a condenser 8 to be condensed, and enabling the condensed liquid low-boiling-point working medium to flow through the third valve 12 through the working medium pump 9 to return to the heat exchanger 16 for a new round of circulation.
The invention provides a principle of an LMMHD/ORC coupling power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism, which comprises the following steps: the deep sea nuclear reactor can be used as a heat source, a liquid metal coolant and a low boiling point working medium are mixed in a mixer, so that the low boiling point working medium is vaporized to push the liquid metal to generate electricity through a magnetofluid power generation channel, the generated mixed two-phase working medium is separated in a separator, the liquid metal is pumped back to a nuclear reactor system through an MHD pump to continuously cool a reactor core, and the gaseous low boiling point working medium pushes a steam turbine to rotate to further generate electricity; the system is also provided with a plurality of valves and heat exchangers, through reasonable arrangement, the power generation system can be actively controlled to carry out dual-mode switching, liquid metal and low-boiling-point working media can be independently used for mixing to carry out magnetofluid power generation, high-temperature liquid metal can also be used for heating the low-boiling-point working media to drive a steam turbine to generate power, and two independent power generation modes share one condenser to condense the low-boiling-point working media.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system with a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism is characterized by comprising a primary liquid metal power generation system, a secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system, a condensation subsystem and an active control system, wherein the primary liquid metal power generation system comprises a primary mixer (2), a primary magnetofluid power generation channel (3), a primary separator (4) and a first MHD pump (10), the secondary organic working medium Rankine cycle power generation system comprises a first valve (5), a secondary steam turbine (6) and a secondary generator (7), the condensation subsystem comprises a secondary condenser (8) and a working medium pump (9), and the active control system comprises a third valve (12), a fourth valve (14), a fifth valve (15), a second MHD pump (13) and a heat exchanger (16); the nuclear reactor system (1) is connected with a liquid metal inlet (a) of a first-stage mixer (2) through a fifth valve (15), an outlet of the first-stage mixer (2) is connected with an inlet of a first-stage magnetofluid power generation channel (3), the first-stage magnetofluid power generation channel (3) is connected with an inlet (c) of a first-stage separator (4), a liquid metal outlet (d) of the first-stage separator (4) is connected with an inlet of a first MHD pump (10), and an outlet of the first MHD pump (10) is connected with the nuclear reactor system (1); a low boiling point working medium outlet (e) of the primary separator (4) is connected with an inlet of a secondary steam turbine (6) through a first valve (5), the secondary steam turbine (6) is assembled with a secondary generator (7), an outlet of the secondary steam turbine (6) is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet (h) of a secondary condenser (8) through a seventh valve (18), a low boiling point working medium outlet (k) of the secondary condenser (8) is connected with an inlet of a working medium pump (9), an outlet of the working medium pump (9) is connected with a low boiling point working medium inlet (b) of the primary mixer (2) through a second valve (11), a cooling medium for cooling the low boiling point working medium enters from a cooling medium inlet (j) of the secondary condenser (8) and is output from a cooling medium outlet (i) of the secondary condenser (8); the nuclear reactor system (1) is connected with a liquid metal inlet (l) of a heat exchanger (16) through a fourth valve (14), a liquid metal outlet (0) of the heat exchanger (16) is connected with an inlet of a second MHD pump (13), an outlet of the second MHD pump (13) is connected with the nuclear reactor system (1), a working medium pump (9) is connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet (m) of the heat exchanger (16) through a third valve (12), a low-boiling-point working medium outlet (n) of the heat exchanger (16) is connected with an inlet of a secondary steam turbine (6), and a low-boiling-point working medium outlet (e) of a primary separator (4) is connected with a low-boiling-point working medium inlet (h) of a secondary condenser (8) through a sixth valve (17).
2. The method of operating an LMMHD/ORC coupled power generation system having a multi-loop fault prevention mechanism as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: the first valve (5), the seventh valve (18) and the fourth valve (14) are closed, a third valve (12) is opened, a fifth valve (15), a sixth valve (17) and a second valve (11) are opened, coolant liquid metal heated by a nuclear reactor system (1) is mixed with liquid low-boiling point working medium in a first-stage mixer (2) to cause the liquid low-boiling point working medium to be rapidly vaporized and expanded in volume to push the liquid metal to move into a first-stage magnetofluid power generation channel (3), two-phase mixed fluid after power generation is subjected to gas-liquid separation in a first-stage separator (4), then the gaseous low-boiling point working medium enters a second-stage condenser (8) to be condensed, the condensed liquid low-boiling point working medium returns to the first-stage mixer (2) again through the transportation of a working medium pump (9) to perform a new round of power generation circulation, and the liquid metal returns to the nuclear reactor system (1) again through the transportation of a first MHD pump (10) to cool a reactor core;
step two: opening first valve (5), seventh valve (18), fourth valve (14), third valve (12), close fifth valve (15), second valve (11), sixth valve (17), coolant liquid metal flow to heat exchanger (16) through nuclear reactor system (1) heating, wherein carry out the heat exchange with liquid low boiling point working medium, gaseous state low boiling point working medium that produces promotes second grade steam turbine (6) and rotates thereby drive second grade generator (7) and generate electricity, gaseous state low boiling point working medium gets into second grade condenser (8) and condenses, the liquid low boiling point working medium that the condensation obtained returns to heat exchanger (16) through third valve (12) through the transportation flow of working medium pump (9) and carries out the circulation of a new round.
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| CN113644806B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-06-17 | 南京航空航天大学 | Working method of LMMHD power generation system based on flow pattern active regulation mechanism |
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