CN112239698B - By Fe3O4Method for fixing ionic liquid lubricating film by @ C core-shell nano nail - Google Patents

By Fe3O4Method for fixing ionic liquid lubricating film by @ C core-shell nano nail Download PDF

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CN112239698B
CN112239698B CN201910649992.3A CN201910649992A CN112239698B CN 112239698 B CN112239698 B CN 112239698B CN 201910649992 A CN201910649992 A CN 201910649992A CN 112239698 B CN112239698 B CN 112239698B
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ionic liquid
core
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lubricating film
shell
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CN112239698A (en
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安蓉
邱秀华
吴沐秋
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/045—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/08—Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C10M2215/224—Imidazoles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for passing Fe3O4A method for fixing an ionic liquid lubricating film by adopting a @ C core-shell nano nail. Firstly, adding Fe into a mixed solution of ionic liquid and ethanol3O4The @ C core-shell pellets are mixed evenly by ultrasonic, the obtained mixed solution is dripped on the surface of a clean substrate, and the Fe is obtained after vacuum drying3O4The @ C core-shell nano nail is fixed with an ionic liquid lubricating film. Fe of the invention3O4The ionic liquid lubricating film fixed by the @ C core-shell nano nail can obviously reduce friction, reduce abrasion, reduce energy loss and prolong the service life of machinery, and the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid lubricating film is reduced by more than 50%.

Description

By Fe3O4Method for fixing ionic liquid lubricating film by @ C core-shell nano nail
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricants, and relates to a lubricant containing Fe3O4A method for fixing an ionic liquid lubricating film by adopting a @ C core-shell nano nail.
Background
Friction and wear are widely present in industry, science and technology and daily life. According to estimation, 30-40% of fossil energy in modern industry is consumed by friction and abrasion, and up to 80% of equipment is broken down due to abrasion, so that serious resource waste is caused, and the economic loss of industrialized countries is up to 5% -7% of GDP. The use of a lubricant is effective in reducing frictional wear. The traditional liquid lubricant has poor boundary lubricating capability, high price, high volatility at high temperature, poor low-temperature fluidity, poor dissolving capability and sensitivity to additives, weak interaction with friction pairs and incapability of better playing a lubricating role. In addition, the contamination of soil, water and air due to leakage or volatilization is becoming more serious. Solid lubricants also present a number of limitations during use, such as: the solid lubricant has a large friction factor which is generally 50-100 times larger than that of lubricating oil and 100-500 times larger than that of lubricating grease, and in the lubricating process, the heat conduction is difficult, the temperature of a friction part is easy to rise, abrasion dust and the like can be generated to pollute the friction surface, the self-repairing performance is poor, and the lubrication failure is easy to cause.
The ionic liquid is a molten salt system which is liquid at or near room temperature and completely consists of positive and negative ions, and is generally formed by combining specific organic cations with relatively large volume and inorganic or organic anions with relatively small volume through coulomb force. Ionic liquids have specific properties such as very low volatility, high thermal stability, non-flammability and low melting point, which are closely matched with the desired properties of an ideal lubricant, making them potentially new lubricants. In addition, the controllability of the cations and anions also provides a wider range of choice of structure and performance for the ionic liquid.
With the rapid development of science and technology, modern novel equipment needs to operate under more severe conditions, for example, in aerospace, navigation and petrochemical industry, such as spacecraft, ships, oil and gas transmission pipelines, heat exchangers and the like, and the equipment is often required to be in ultralow or high temperature (-150-400 ℃), high vacuum and heavy load (10)-5Pa-320 MPa) and the like. However, under a large load, the ionic liquid lubricating film can be extruded out of a lubricating interface, so that a friction pair becomes solid friction, and the lubrication is failed, and meanwhile, the harsh construction environment has more strict requirements on the lubricant.
Wangbaogang in ionic liquid (BMIM)][PF6]The Gold ion additive is added to form stable nanofluid under the action of a cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide stabilizer to play an excellent lubricating role, and the friction coefficient is reduced by 16% when the load is gradually increased to 800N compared with a pure ionic liquid (Baogang Wang, Xiao Wang, et al. Gold-ionic liquid with a compressive ternary property and a thermal conductivity. Nanoscale Research Letters 2011,6: 259). Wen Li with diamond-like carbon film as additiveAdding the additive into the ionic liquid BMIM BP6]In (1), the coefficient of friction is reduced by 37% (Wen Li, Xiaoqeing Fan, Hao Li, et al, binding carbon-based composition coatings heated high vacuum lubrication application. Tribology International 128(2018) 386-396).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing Fe-Fe alloy3O4A method for fixing an ionic liquid lubricating film by adopting a @ C core-shell nano nail. The method is carried out by Fe3O4The @ C core-shell nano nail fixes the ionic liquid lubricating film, so that the ionic liquid lubricating film can play an excellent lubricating role under high and low loads, is suitable for harsh working conditions, reduces energy loss and prolongs the mechanical life.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
by Fe3O4The method for fixing the ionic liquid lubricating film by the @ C core-shell nano nail comprises the following steps:
adding Fe into mixed solution of ionic liquid and ethanol3O4The @ C core-shell pellets are mixed evenly by ultrasonic, the obtained mixed solution is dripped on the surface of a clean substrate, and the Fe is obtained after vacuum drying3O4The @ C core-shell nano nail is fixed with an ionic liquid lubricating film.
Preferably, the ionic liquid is one conventionally used in the field, and can be 1-hexyl-2, 3-dimethyl imidazole bromide ([ HDMIM)]Br), 1-hexyl-2, 3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ HDMIM)][BF4]) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ BMIM ]][BF4]) 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([ EMIM ]][NO3]) 1-butyl-3-methylhexafluoroimidazole phosphate ([ BMIM)][PF6]) And imidazole ionic liquid. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid is 1-butyl-3-methylhexafluoroimidazole phosphate ([ BMIM)][PF6])。
Preferably, the volume ratio of the ionic liquid to the ethanol is 1: 300-1: 600, and in a specific embodiment of the invention, the volume ratio of the ionic liquid to the ethanol is 1: 500.
Preferably, said Fe3O4The mass ratio of the @ C core-shell pellets to the mixed solution of the ionic liquid and the ethanol is 1: 7500-1: 12500 in a specific embodiment of the invention, Fe3O4The mass ratio of the @ C core-shell pellets to the mixed solution of the ionic liquid and the ethanol is 1: 10000.
preferably, the substrate is a silicon wafer.
Preferably, the vacuum drying temperature is 120 +/-10 ℃, and the drying time is 2 +/-1 h.
In the present invention, Fe is coated with C3O4The core-shell pellets are formed, so that the reactivity of the core particles is reduced, the thermal stability is enhanced, the thermal stability and the dispersibility of the whole particles are improved, and the core-shell pellets are uniformly dispersed on a friction interface under high load. Fe3O4The supporting effect is achieved, the stability of the shell material under high load can be improved, and therefore, Fe3O4The @ C core-shell ball can better fix an ionic liquid lubricating film, and the lubricating effect is obviously enhanced. When the load is small, the ionic liquid lubricating film plays a good lubricating role on the friction pair, and the surface of the friction pair can be effectively repaired to obtain good abrasion resistance. When the load is large, Fe3O4The @ C core-shell balls exist in the ionic liquid lubricating film and are used as the nano nails to fix the ionic liquid lubricating film at the friction interface, so that the ionic liquid can be tightly attached to the friction substrate to form a compact lubricating film, in addition, the friction state is converted from single sliding friction into rolling and sliding combined multi-element friction, excellent wear-resistant and antifriction properties are achieved, and the phenomenon that the ionic liquid is extruded out of the lubricating interface due to large load to form solid friction, namely lubrication failure is avoided.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1.Fe3O4the ionic liquid lubricating film fixed by the @ C core-shell nano nail can obviously reduce friction, reduce abrasion, reduce energy loss and prolong the service life of machinery, and the friction coefficient of the ionic liquid lubricating film is reduced by more than 50%.
2.Fe3O4@ C core-shell structure for solving difficulty in dispersing additiveThe additive is uniformly dispersed, and the lubricating effect is better exerted.
3. The lubricating film has the advantages of simple preparation process and low cost, and can be generally applied to various microscopic friction systems.
4. The lubricating film has extremely low vapor pressure, non-inflammability, non-volatility, good chemical stability, thermal stability and recyclability, can be used as a high-efficiency and universal lubricant and has good self-repairing performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an atomic force microscope friction-load curve of experimental conditions obtained at Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively;
FIG. 2 is an atomic force microscope micrograph of experimental conditions obtained for Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3), and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively;
FIG. 3 is a test result of a frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions respectively for Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.0005N + ILs-Si (comparative example 2), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4);
FIG. 4 is an optical microscope photograph of samples after the end of the test of the frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions of Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively;
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscopy topographic map of samples after the end of the test of the frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions of Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Fe in the following examples3O4Reference to preparation of @ C core-shell pellets [ Shouhu Xuan, Lingyun Hao, Wanquan Jiang, et al3O4core/shell composites.Nanotechnology 18(2007)035602】。
Example 1
Step 1, preparation of Fe3O4@ C core-shell pellets. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
4g of glucose and 1.62g of FeCl3·6H2O, 6g Urea and 40mL H2Sequentially adding O into a hydrothermal kettle, magnetically stirring until the O is dissolved, transferring the uniformly stirred solution into a Teflon-sealed high-pressure kettle, putting the high-pressure kettle into a vacuum drying oven, reacting for 14 hours at 180 ℃, naturally cooling at room temperature after the reaction is finished, magnetically separating, removing supernatant, washing with deionized water and ethanol for three times in turn, and finally vacuum drying for 12 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain Fe3O4@ C core-shell pellets.
Step 2, preparing Fe-containing3O4And @ C core-shell pellets and ionic liquid. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
0.4mL of [ BMIM ]][PF6]Adding into 200mL ethanol, and oscillating for 15min at 50kHz by ultrasonic wave to obtain the uniformly mixed ionic liquid mixed solution. Then 0.001gFe3O4Adding the @ C core-shell pellets into 10g of ionic liquid mixed solution, performing ultrasonic treatment on the mixture and vibrating the mixture for 20min at 50kHz to obtain the Fe-containing material which is uniformly mixed3O4And @ C core-shell pellets and ionic liquid.
Step 3, preparation of Fe3O4The @ C core-shell nano nail is fixed with an ionic liquid lubricating film. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and ultrasonically cleaning a clean silicon wafer for 3 times by using acetone and ethanol respectively, and then naturally airing. Dripping 5uL of Fe obtained in the step 2 on the surface of the cleaned silicon wafer3O4The mixed solution of the @ C core-shell pellets and the ionic liquid is dried for 2 hours in vacuum at 120 ℃, and Fe is prepared on a silicon chip3O4@ C core-shell nano-nail fixed ionic liquid lubricating film (0.001N + ILs-Si).
Example 2
This example is essentially the same as example 1, the only difference being that in step 2, 0.01gFe3O4Adding the @ C core-shell pellets into 10g of ionic liquid mixed solution to prepare Fe on a silicon wafer3O4@ C core-shell nano-nail fixed ionic liquid lubricating film (0.01N + ILs-Si).
Example 3
This example is essentially the same as example 1, the only difference being that in step 2, 0.05gFe3O4Adding the @ C core-shell pellets into 10g of ionic liquid mixed solution to prepare Fe on a silicon wafer3O4@ C core-shell nano-nail fixed ionic liquid lubricating film (0.05N + ILs-Si).
Example 4
This example is essentially the same as example 1, the only difference being that in step 2, 0.1gFe3O4Adding the @ C core-shell pellets into 10g of ionic liquid mixed solution to prepare Fe on a silicon wafer3O4@ C core-shell nano-nail fixed ionic liquid lubricating film (0.1N + ILs-Si).
Comparative example 1
The comparative example only drips 5uL of ionic liquid mixed solution on the surface of a clean silicon wafer and does not contain Fe3O4@ C core-shell pellets to give an ionic liquid lubricating film (ILs + Si).
Comparative example 2
This example is essentially the same as example 1, the only difference being that in step 2, 0.0005gFe3O4Adding the @ C core-shell pellets into 10g of ionic liquid mixed solution to prepare Fe on a silicon wafer3O4@ C core-shell nano-nail fixed ionic liquid lubricating film (0.0005N + ILs-Si).
And (3) friction performance characterization:
1. for Fe prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 23O4The method for measuring the microscopic friction of the ionic liquid lubricating film fixed by the @ C core-shell nano nail, the pure silicon wafer and the ionic liquid lubricating film of the comparative example 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: using Si3N4The cantilever tip (DNP-10, nominal tip radius 20nm, tip height 6 μm) was subjected to friction measurements on an icon atomic force microscope (AFM, Bruker);
step 2: the friction coefficient of the DNP-10 probe is corrected by sapphire;
and step 3: setting a scanning range to be 5um, a scanning rate to be 2Hz, and a scanning angle of 90 degrees, wherein the scanning frequency is 1 Hz;
and 4, step 4: converting an input load signal (in units of V) into a load (in units of N), and performing a calibration process when different cantilevers are used;
and 5: the output voltage signal (half difference of the average lateral deflection signal on the photodetectors of the forward and reverse traces, denoted V) is converted into a true friction force (N) for the average lateral force twist;
step 6: five measurements were taken at multiple sample locations to obtain an average.
FIG. 1 is an atomic force microscope friction-load curve obtained under experimental conditions at Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3), and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the micro friction coefficient under the five conditions is less than that of a pure silicon wafer, namely the micro friction coefficient plays a role in lubrication, but the micro friction coefficient is reduced by more than 50% under the condition of 0.001N + ILs-Si, and the lubrication effect is obvious.
FIG. 2 is an atomic force microscope micrograph of experimental conditions obtained under Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3), and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the ionic liquid lubricating film is coated with Fe3O4@ C core-shell pellets pinned at the friction interface, and Fe3O4The increase in the amount of @ C core-shell beads is also evident in the figure.
2. Fe obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 2 was subjected to a friction wear tester3O4The ionic liquid lubricating film fixed by the @ C core-shell nano nail, the pure silicon chip and the ionic liquid lubricating film of the comparative example 1 are subjected to macroscopic friction measurement, and the test parameters are as follows: a forward load of 1.5N, the friction time is 3600s, the one-way distance is 2mm, and the friction speed of the stainless steel ball is 2 mm/s.
FIG. 3 is a test result of a frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions respectively for Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.0005N + ILs-Si (comparative example 2), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4). As can be seen from FIG. 3, in the macroscopic friction test, 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1) always maintained a low macroscopic friction coefficient during the test, the lubrication was good, and the stability was excellent. Whereas, 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3), 0.1N + ILs-Si0.1N + ILs-Si sharply increase the friction coefficient at around 900s, and pure silicon wafers (pure silicon wafers), ILs + Si (comparative example 1) and 0.0005N + ILs-Si (comparative example 2) sharply increase the friction coefficient at around 150s, and the lubrication stability is poor.
FIG. 4 is an optical microscope photograph of samples after the end of the test of the frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions of Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 4, after the macroscopic rubbing test, 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1) had only light and sparse wear marks under an optical microscope, and the wear marks were obvious and dark and dense under other conditions.
FIG. 5 is an atomic force microscopy topographic map of samples after the end of the test of the frictional abrasion tester obtained under experimental conditions of Si (pure silicon wafer), ILs-Si (comparative example 1), 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1), 0.01N + ILs-Si (example 2), 0.05N + ILs-Si (example 3) and 0.1N + ILs-Si (example 4), respectively. As can be seen from FIG. 5, 0.001N + ILs-Si (example 1) exhibited a cross-linked ionic liquid film after the macro-test, tightly adhering to the substrate. Under other conditions more abrasive dust is present.

Claims (8)

1. By Fe3O4The method for fixing the ionic liquid lubricating film by the @ C core-shell nano nail is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
adding Fe into mixed solution of ionic liquid and ethanol3O4The @ C core-shell pellets are mixed evenly by ultrasonic, the obtained mixed solution is dripped on the surface of a clean substrate, and the Fe is obtained after vacuum drying3O4The @ C core-shell nano nail is fixed with an ionic liquid lubricating film.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the ionic liquid is selected from the group consisting of 1-hexyl-2, 3-dimethylimidazolium bromide, 1-hexyl-2, 3-dimethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate, and 1-butyl-3-methylhexafluoroimidazolium phosphate.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the ionic liquid to the ethanol is 1:300 to 1: 600.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the ionic liquid to the ethanol is 1: 500.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said Fe is3O4The mass ratio of the @ C core-shell pellets to the mixed solution of the ionic liquid and the ethanol is 1: 7500-1: 12500.
6. the method of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a silicon wafer.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the vacuum drying temperature is 120 ± 10 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the drying time is 2 ± 1 h.
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"Preparation and tribological properties of core-shell Fe3O4@C microspheres";Jian Huang等;《Tribology International》;20180829;第129卷;427-435 *
Fe_3O_4@C核壳结构纳米粒子结构特性表征及应用;李小东等;《包装工程》;20170610;第38卷(第11期);55-59 *
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