CN112238879A - Wheel tread measuring device - Google Patents
Wheel tread measuring device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112238879A CN112238879A CN202011158050.4A CN202011158050A CN112238879A CN 112238879 A CN112238879 A CN 112238879A CN 202011158050 A CN202011158050 A CN 202011158050A CN 112238879 A CN112238879 A CN 112238879A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- wheel
- measuring device
- displacement detection
- detection device
- wheel tread
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/12—Measuring or surveying wheel-rims
Abstract
The invention discloses a wheel tread measuring device, comprising: a connecting portion adapted to be mounted on a wheel; and the displacement detection device is connected with the connecting part and is suitable for acquiring the distance between the preset position on the surface of the wheel and the displacement detection device. So set up, when measuring the wheel tread, directly install displacement detection device on the wheel through connecting portion, then manual control displacement detection device follows the axial direction of wheel is measured can. Thereby simplifying the measuring process and simplifying the measuring equipment. Moreover, the wheel tread measuring device in the embodiment of the invention only comprises the driving device and the displacement detection device, thereby reducing the occupied area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wheel measurement, in particular to a wheel tread measuring device.
Background
When the rail vehicle moves on the rail, the wheels, the rail and the brake pads generate impact and friction, and the wheel tread is abraded due to the friction, so that the diameter of the wheels is reduced; in addition, wheels are often subject to erosion by rain, snow, oil, and even corrosive agents. The wear of the wheel set tread and wheel rim will change the wheel set geometry. The serious traffic accident hidden danger can be generated due to the excessive abrasion.
At present, most of wheel tread measuring methods are based on a CCD imaging technology for measurement, the measuring process of the method is relatively complex, more required devices are needed, and the occupied area is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are that when the CCD imaging technology is used for measurement in the prior art, the measurement process is relatively complex, more equipment is needed, and the occupied area is large. Thereby providing a wheel tread measuring device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wheel tread surface measuring apparatus, including: a connecting portion adapted to be mounted on a wheel; and the displacement detection device is connected with the connecting part and is suitable for acquiring the distance between the preset position on the surface of the wheel and the displacement detection device.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: and the driving device is connected with the connecting part, the movable end of the driving device acts on the displacement detection device, and the displacement detection device moves along the axial direction of the wheel under the driving of the driving device.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: and the controller is in communication connection with the driving device and the displacement detection device.
Optionally, the driving device includes a stepping motor, and a transmission portion connected to the stepping motor, and the displacement detection device is disposed on the transmission portion.
Optionally, the transmission part is a threaded lead screw, and the displacement detection device is arranged on a nut of the threaded lead screw.
Optionally, two ends of the threaded lead screw are respectively provided with a limit switch; the limit switch is in communication connection with the controller.
Optionally, the displacement detecting device is a laser displacement sensor.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: the clamp is connected with the driving device; the clamp is adapted to clamp onto the wheel.
Optionally, the clamp is provided with two clamping plates, and an electromagnet is arranged on the clamping plate.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: a protective case adapted to be wrapped around the exterior of the driving device and the displacement detecting device.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: a front panel disposed on the jig; the front panel is provided with a positioning hole suitable for fixing the protective shell; the protective shell is provided with a positioning bulge suitable for being embedded into the positioning hole.
Optionally, the wheel tread surface measuring device further comprises: the positioning plate is arranged on the clamp; the positioning plate is perpendicular to the front panel.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the embodiment of the invention provides a wheel tread measuring device, which comprises: a connecting portion adapted to be mounted on a wheel; and the displacement detection device is connected with the connecting part and is suitable for acquiring the distance between the preset position on the surface of the wheel and the displacement detection device.
So set up, when measuring the wheel tread, directly install displacement detection device on the wheel through connecting portion, then manual control displacement detection device follows the axial direction of wheel is measured can. Thereby simplifying the measuring process and simplifying the measuring equipment. Moreover, the wheel tread measuring device in the embodiment of the invention only comprises the driving device and the displacement detection device, thereby reducing the occupied area.
2. According to the embodiment of the invention, the driving device is arranged, so that the displacement detection device can be automatically controlled to carry out measurement along the axial direction of the wheel, the measurement process is simplified, and the measurement efficiency is improved.
3. According to the embodiment of the invention, the driving device can be more conveniently installed on the wheel by arranging the clamp, and after the measurement is finished, the driving device is directly detached from the wheel through the clamp.
4. According to the embodiment of the invention, the positioning plate is arranged, so that the integral stability of the displacement detection device and the driving device can be ensured, the level of the displacement detection device and the driving device in the measurement process is ensured, and the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for a worker of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a wheel tread surface measuring device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
1-vehicle wheels; 11-wheel tread; 2-a step motor; 3-a threaded lead screw; 4-laser displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a worker skilled in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by a worker of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
When the rail vehicle moves on the rail, the wheels, the rail and the brake pads generate impact and friction, and the wheel tread is abraded due to the friction, so that the diameter of the wheels is reduced; in addition, wheels are often subject to erosion by rain, snow, oil, and even corrosive agents. The wear of the wheel set tread and wheel rim will change the wheel set geometry. The serious traffic accident hidden danger can be generated due to the excessive abrasion. The wheel tread is the contact part of the wheel and the steel rail. The tread is for short. The convex part of the tread, which is contacted with the inner side of the steel rail, is called a wheel flange, the wheel flange has the function of preventing the wheel from derailing, and when the wheel passes through a curve, the wheel flange is contacted with the inner side of the outer rail to guide the locomotive to run on the curve. The tread profile has a large impact on the operating performance of the locomotive and must be reasonably designed. The tread must have a pitch, the left and right wheels are mounted on the axle as a pair, the distance inside the rim of the wheels is 1353mm, this dimension must be checked strictly during the assembly of the pair, this distance determining the clearance between the rim and the rail.
At present, most of wheel tread measuring methods are based on a CCD imaging technology for measurement, the measuring process of the method is relatively complex, more required devices are needed, and the occupied area is large. The wheel tread measuring device provided by the invention can solve the problems that the measuring process is relatively complex, more required equipment is needed and the occupied area is large when the CCD imaging technology is used for measuring in the prior art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wheel tread surface measuring apparatus, including: connecting portion and displacement detection device.
The connecting part is suitable for being installed on a wheel 1 to be measured, the displacement detection device is connected with the connecting part, and the displacement detection device is suitable for acquiring the distance between the preset position of the surface of the wheel and the displacement detection device.
So set up, when measuring the wheel tread, directly install displacement detection device on the wheel through connecting portion, then manual control displacement detection device follows the axial direction of wheel is measured can. Thereby simplifying the measuring process and simplifying the measuring equipment. Moreover, the wheel tread measuring device in the embodiment of the invention only comprises the driving device and the displacement detection device, thereby reducing the occupied area.
In this embodiment, the connecting portion itself may be a fixed-length structure, thereby realizing the measurement operation of a certain specific position on the wheel 1. As a variant, the displacement detection device itself can also be moved relative to the connection portion, in which case the position of the displacement detection device on the connection portion can be adjusted by manual control of the operator, so that different portions of the wheel 1 are measured.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the wheel tread surface measuring apparatus further includes a driving device, and the driving device is connected to the connecting portion. The movable end of the driving device acts on the displacement detection device, and the displacement detection device moves along the axial direction of the wheel 1 under the driving of the driving device.
So set up, when measuring wheel tread 11, can follow through drive arrangement automatic control displacement detection device the axial direction of wheel 1 measure to simplified measurement process, improved measurement of efficiency.
Optionally, in some embodiments of the invention, the controller is communicatively coupled to the drive device and the displacement detection device. The communication connection may include a wireless connection and a wired connection.
Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, the driving device may include a stepping motor 2, where the movable end of the stepping motor 2 is a driving shaft, and the driving shaft of the stepping motor 2 is connected to the transmission part. The displacement detection device is arranged on the transmission part.
Specifically, the transmission part may be a threaded lead screw 3, the threaded lead screw 3 is connected with a drive shaft of the stepping motor 2, and the displacement detecting device is provided on a nut of the threaded lead screw 3. And two ends of the threaded screw rod 3 are respectively provided with a limit switch which is in communication connection with the controller.
Of course, the skilled person can vary the types of drive means and transmission means according to the actual situation, and the present embodiment is merely illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the driving device can also be a push rod motor, and the displacement detection device is connected with a telescopic rod of the push rod motor. When the driving device is a stepping motor, the transmission part can also be a transmission device such as a conveyor belt and the like, and the same effect can be achieved.
The displacement detecting means may be a laser displacement sensor 4. Of course, other types of detection means for detecting displacement are also possible. The present embodiment is merely illustrative, not restrictive, and may perform the same function.
Specifically, the stepping motor 2 is connected with the threaded lead screw 3 through a coupler, and the displacement detection device is fixed on the nut so as to drive the displacement detection device to move. Two limit switches are installed at the left end of the device, and two limit switches are also installed at the right end of the device, so that the control of the limit position of the stepping motor 2 can be realized. When the threaded screw rod 3 drives the laser displacement sensor 4 to move to two ends, the limit switch gives a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the stepping motor 2 to brake emergently, so that collision accidents are avoided.
The mechanical system formed by the stepping motor 2 and the threaded lead screw 3 connected with the driving shaft of the stepping motor 2 mainly realizes the functions of clamping, positioning, moving and the like of the measuring instrument, can firmly and accurately position the displacement detection device on the wheel 1, and simultaneously ensures the requirements of the measuring system on operation precision and the like.
The performance parameters of the mechanical system are as follows: (1) the running length is more than 150 mm; (2) the running precision is less than 0.05 mm; (3) the running speed is more than 50 mm/s; (4) run time <3 s; (5) running resolution <0.025 mm; (6) the overall structural stiffness requirement is <0.025 mm.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the controller and the displacement detecting device form a measuring system. Specifically, the measuring system mainly comprises a controller, a laser displacement sensor 4, a filter, a buzzer, a serial port, a bluetooth module and the like. As an important component of the system, the method determines the detection accuracy of the system.
In order to fit the contour of the wheel tread 11, the laser displacement sensor 4 is used for realizing high-speed data acquisition on the wheel tread 11, and the data is transmitted and stored on a singlechip of the controller after being processed by a filter. And the collected data is transmitted to a computer for further processing through a serial port or a Bluetooth module. When a fault occurs, the system can send out buzzing reminding through the buzzer. Therefore, the measuring system mainly realizes the functions of data acquisition, analysis, storage, transmission and the like of the measuring instrument, so that the data can be effectively acquired and filtered, and the authenticity of the data is ensured.
The performance parameters of the measurement system were as follows: (1) the measurement precision of the test sensor is less than 0.05 mm; (2) the measuring range of the test sensor is more than 150 mm; (3) the system sampling frequency is >2000 Hz.
Alternatively, in the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting portion may be a clamp, the clamp is connected with the driving device, and the clamp is suitable for being clamped on the wheel 1. Specifically, the clamp is provided with two clamping plates adapted to clamp the wheel 1, the clamping plates being provided with electromagnets.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the mode of the electromagnet, and has the advantage that the magnetism of the electromagnet can be controlled by switching on and off. The magnitude of the magnetic force can also be controlled by the strength of the current or the number of turns of the coil, or the magnitude of the current can be controlled by changing the magnitude of the resistance to control the magnitude of the magnetic force. The electromagnet is fixed on the clamp in a screw mode and is adsorbed on a proper position of the wheel 1 after being electrified.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the driving device can be more conveniently installed on the wheel 1 by arranging the clamp, and after the measurement is finished, the driving device can be directly detached from the wheel 1 through the clamp.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the device for detecting a wheel tread 11 further comprises a protective shell, and the protective shell is suitable for being wrapped outside the driving device and the displacement detecting device.
Since the threaded lead screw 3 drives the laser displacement sensor 4 to move linearly in the measuring process, the protective shell can mount components such as the controller, the stepping motor 2, the laser displacement sensor 4 and the like therein so as to avoid contacting the wheel 1 and damaging the wheel.
The wheel 1 detection device is also provided with a front panel, and the front panel is arranged on the clamp. The front panel is provided with a positioning hole suitable for fixing the protective shell. The protective shell is provided with a positioning bulge suitable for being embedded into the positioning hole.
Of course, the detection device for the wheel 1 further comprises a positioning plate which is arranged on the clamp and is perpendicular to the front panel. The level of the detection device of the wheel 1 can be ensured, and the measurement precision is improved.
The measurement process is as follows:
(1) measurement range and measurement accuracy analysis in X direction
The system is driven by a driving device to realize linear motion in the X direction, the rim width is 0-145 mm according to the overall parameters, the detection time is less than 3 seconds, the stroke of a mechanical transmission part in the X direction needs to be more than 145mm, and the speed needs to meet the corresponding time requirement; 0.05mm precision, and the minimum resolution in the X direction needs to be less than 0.05 mm.
(2) Measurement range and measurement accuracy analysis in Y direction
In the Y direction, the measurement range of the system is mainly ensured by the measurement range of the sensor, and the measurement range in the Y direction is not less than 150mm and the measurement precision is not less than 0.05mm according to the technical indexes such as the wheel diameter, the rim thickness, the tread loss and the like.
(3) Sampling frequency determination
The system precision is 0.05mm, the maximum measuring distance is 150mm, and the measuring time is 3 s.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Variations and modifications in other variations may occur to those skilled in the art based upon the foregoing description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A wheel tread measuring device adapted to be mounted on a wheel, comprising:
a connecting portion adapted to be mounted on a wheel;
a displacement detection device connected to the connection part; the displacement detection device is suitable for acquiring the distance between the preset position of the wheel surface and the displacement detection device.
2. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 1, further comprising: the driving device is connected with the connecting part; the movable end of the driving device acts on the displacement detection device, and the displacement detection device moves along the axial direction of the wheel under the driving of the driving device.
3. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 2, further comprising:
and the controller is in communication connection with the driving device and the displacement detection device.
4. The tread surface measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the driving means comprises a stepping motor, and a transmission portion connected to the stepping motor, and the displacement detecting means is provided on the transmission portion.
5. The tread measuring device of claim 4, wherein the transmission is a threaded lead screw and the displacement detecting device is disposed on a nut of the threaded lead screw.
6. The wheel tread measuring device according to claim 5, wherein two ends of the threaded lead screw are respectively provided with a limit switch; the limit switch is in communication connection with the controller.
7. The wheel tread measuring device according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the displacement detecting device is a laser displacement sensor.
8. The wheel tread measuring device according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the connecting portion is a clamp, the clamp being connected to the drive device; the clamp is adapted to clamp onto the wheel.
9. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 8, wherein the clamp is provided with two clamping plates adapted to clamp the wheel; the clamping plate is provided with an electromagnet.
10. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 8, further comprising:
a protective case adapted to be wrapped around the exterior of the driving device and the displacement detecting device.
11. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 10, further comprising:
a front panel disposed on the jig; the front panel is provided with a positioning hole suitable for fixing the protective shell; the protective shell is provided with a positioning bulge suitable for being embedded into the positioning hole.
12. The wheel tread measuring device of claim 10 or 11, further comprising:
the positioning plate is arranged on the clamp; the positioning plate is perpendicular to the front panel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011158050.4A CN112238879A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Wheel tread measuring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011158050.4A CN112238879A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Wheel tread measuring device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112238879A true CN112238879A (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011158050.4A Pending CN112238879A (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Wheel tread measuring device |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2500561C1 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-12-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АГРОЭЛ" | Device and method for measurement of railway wheel profile |
| CN105043248A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-11-11 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for measuring urban rail wheel parameters based on laser displacement sensor |
| CN105466355A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 青岛大学 | Portable outline detection device for train wheel tread |
| CN205482828U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-08-17 | 西南交通大学 | A tire tread profile measuring device for rail vehicle |
| KR102040025B1 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-11-05 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Method for measuring the shape of wheel for railway vehicles |
-
2020
- 2020-10-26 CN CN202011158050.4A patent/CN112238879A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2500561C1 (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-12-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "АГРОЭЛ" | Device and method for measurement of railway wheel profile |
| CN105043248A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-11-11 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for measuring urban rail wheel parameters based on laser displacement sensor |
| CN105466355A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-04-06 | 青岛大学 | Portable outline detection device for train wheel tread |
| CN205482828U (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-08-17 | 西南交通大学 | A tire tread profile measuring device for rail vehicle |
| KR102040025B1 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-11-05 | 한국철도기술연구원 | Method for measuring the shape of wheel for railway vehicles |
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Application publication date: 20210119 |
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