CN112238587B

CN112238587B - Composite material composite beam extrusion molding equipment

Info

Publication number: CN112238587B
Application number: CN202010873544.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王创; 黄兴启; 廉栋; 康德拉申科·瓦列里; 井国庆; 陈凯; 凯萨里斯基·亚历山大; 王婧如; 韩笑东; 谢家乐; 陈安
Original assignee: Shandong High Speed Railway Construction Equipment Co ltd; Shandong High Speed Transportation Equipment Co ltd; Beijing Jiaotong University
Current assignee: Shandong High Speed Railway Construction Equipment Co ltd; Shandong High Speed Transportation Equipment Co ltd; Beijing Jiaotong University
Priority date: 2020-08-26
Filing date: 2020-08-26
Publication date: 2023-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-26
Also published as: CN112238587A

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined material composite beam extrusion moulding equipment, including forming die, extruder and conveying mechanism, the one end that forming die is close to self feed inlet is equipped with the input hole, and conveying mechanism can support the reinforcing bar to carry the reinforcing bar to the forming die inner chamber through the input hole. The method can realize continuous, green, low-cost and large-scale production of the resin-based composite material composite beam based on the extrusion process.

Description

Composite material composite beam extrusion molding equipment

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of extrusion moulding equipment, concretely relates to extrusion moulding equipment of resin base combined material roof beam.

Background

The statements herein merely provide background related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

Chinese patent CN210315076U discloses a composite sleeper structure reinforced by a set of rods. The composite sleeper is composed of a composite material with thermoplastic resin as a matrix, and is reinforced by a group of bamboo poles, and cavities of the bamboo poles are selectively filled with hardened cement mortar. The thermoplastic resin used for the matrix is a recycled product of domestic waste plastics and is discretely reinforced by organic fillers (such as bamboo chips and/or bamboo fibers) and/or mineral fillers (such as quartz sand). The number of the reinforcing bamboo poles in one group is two or four, and the reinforcing bamboo poles are symmetrically arranged relative to the longitudinal axis of the sleeper. Only a portion of the bamboo pole cavity is filled with cement mortar, for example, only the bamboo cavity in the tie where the maximum bending moment zone occurs. The cement mortar adopts non-shrinkage cement.

It will be appreciated that, similarly to the construction of ties reinforced by rods, it is also possible to manufacture sub-rail foundation beams such as ties, bridge ties and switch ties having this (or similar) construction, and even other building beams of greater length. In addition, the reinforcing rod can be made of bamboo, or rod with different cross-sectional profiles and materials, such as composite material pipe made of Kevlar or carbon fiber, wood beam, metal special pipe, and other reinforcing rods.

The inventors have appreciated that the resin-based composite material product production equipment in the prior art, which is formed by combining an extruder and a forming die, can convey thermoplastic molten polymers containing discrete reinforcing phases to the forming die, and then extrude, cool, shape and cut the resin-based composite material product from a die outlet (a die) after cooling and forming. However, the existing extrusion molding equipment cannot produce the composite material composite beam composed of the thermoplastic resin, the organic filler and the reinforcing rod, and the continuous low-cost production and large-scale application of the composite beam are restricted.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the disclosure is to provide a composite material composite beam extrusion molding device, which can realize the automatic production of composite material composite beams based on an extrusion process and is convenient for realizing large-scale low-cost mass production.

In order to achieve the above objects, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide an extrusion molding apparatus for a composite material composite beam, including a molding die, an extruder, and a conveying mechanism, wherein an end of the molding die near a feed inlet of the molding die has an input hole, and the conveying mechanism is capable of supporting a reinforcing rod and conveying the reinforcing rod to an inner cavity of the molding die through the input hole.

As a further improvement, the cooling device also comprises a first cooling jacket which is arranged outside the input hole and is provided with a conical through hole, the conical through hole is coaxial with the input hole, the end with the larger inner diameter faces the input hole, and a cooling liquid loop is arranged in the first cooling jacket.

The beneficial effects of one or more of the above technical schemes are as follows:

the mode that the input hole is formed in the end, close to the feed inlet, of the forming die is adopted, so that the reinforcing rod piece can be conveniently input before the molten polymer in the forming die is not solidified, and the integral forming of the reinforcing rod piece and the thermoplastic polymer composite material is realized.

Adopt conveying mechanism, can realize carrying the reinforcing bar in to the input hole, conveying mechanism can control automatic transport reinforcing bar through control system, is convenient for realize automated operation.

The mode that the first cooling sleeve is arranged at the position of the input hole is adopted, and the conical round hole of the first cooling sleeve is matched with the cooling liquid loop, so that the polymer melt overflowing from the position of the input hole enters the gap between the inner wall of the conical round hole of the first cooling sleeve and the reinforcing rod and is rapidly cooled to remarkably increase the viscosity. The viscosity of the overflowing polymer is increased, so that the polymer is prevented from continuously flowing out from the gap, and production accidents are avoided. Also, the tapered hole geometry allows the hardened thermoplastic polymer to be easily separated from the sidewall of the first cooling jacket.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and not to limit the disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the overall structure after being rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transport mechanism and a rod storage according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extruder, the first cooling jacket, and the like in the embodiment of the present disclosure.

In the figure, 1, a cartridge type storage; 2. a reinforcing rod; 3. a magnetic sleeve; 4. an electromagnetic lock; 5. a bracket; 6. a conical positioning head; 7. a push rod; 8. a drive device; 9. a conical through hole; 10. a guide sleeve; 11. forming a mold; 12. a polymer melt splitter; 13. a heat insulating sleeve; 14. a gate; 15. a first cooling jacket; 16. an extruder; 17. a second cooling jacket; 18. a roller way; 19. a speed sensor; 20. a third position sensor; 21. a first position sensor; 22. a second position sensor; 23. a control unit; 24. a pendulum circular saw; 25. composite beam articles; 26. and a controller.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, the present embodiment provides an extrusion molding apparatus for a composite material composite beam, which includes a molding die 11, an extruder 16, and a conveying mechanism, wherein an input hole is formed at an end of the molding die 11 near a feed inlet thereof, and the conveying mechanism is capable of supporting a reinforcing rod 2 and conveying the reinforcing rod 2 into an inner cavity of the molding die 11 through the input hole.

It should be noted that the extruder and the forming die mentioned in this embodiment cooperate to achieve solidification of the extruded thermoplastic molten polymer containing the discrete reinforcing phase. The extruder and the forming die belong to extrusion forming equipment for thermoplastic polymer products, and the structures of the extruder, a granulator in a preceding process and the like are not described in detail herein and can be set by persons skilled in the art according to the prior art.

It is understood that the forming die in this embodiment is used for loading the thermoplastic molten polymer, and the molten polymer is gradually cooled and condensed into a solid state while flowing along the direction from the feeding port to the discharging port of the forming die. In order to avoid the adhesion of the molten polymer to the inner wall, the inner surface of the forming mold is provided with an anti-sticking coating, and the cross section of the inner cavity of the forming mold is consistent with the cross section contour of the formed composite material composite beam. And forming a shaped composite material composite beam with the same profile as the cross section of the inner cavity of the forming die 11 at the discharge port of the forming die 11. The discharge port of the forming die is fitted with a piston to assist in achieving the first filling of the cavity of the forming die 11 with molten polymer from the extruder 16. The end of the forming die adjacent to extruder 16 has a polymer melt splitter 12.

In this embodiment, a second cooling jacket may be disposed at one end of the discharge port of the molding die, and a cooling water loop may be disposed in the second cooling jacket to appropriately accelerate the cooling, solidifying and molding speed of the molten polymer in the molding die.

In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism includes a bracket 5 for supporting the reinforcing rod 2, and a push rod 7 is disposed on one side of the bracket 5, and the push rod 7 can be driven by a driving device 8 to feed the reinforcing rod 2 on the bracket 5 into the inner cavity of the forming mold. The driving device 8 is composed of a motor and a transmission mechanism and can transmit power to the push rod 7. In one of the structural forms, the transmission mechanism in the driving device 8 is a worm wheel, a part of the push rod 7 is a worm structure, the worm wheel is matched with the worm, the worm wheel is driven to rotate through the rotation of the motor, and then the reciprocating linear motion of the push rod in the set direction is realized.

It is understood that other structural forms may be adopted to drive the reciprocating linear motion of the push rod, for example, the push rod is fixed with a rack, and the motor drives the rotation of the gear to be converted into the reciprocating linear motion of the rack by means of the meshing of the rack and the pinion. Or the driving force in the linear direction can be directly provided by adopting parts such as an air cylinder, an electric push rod, a linear motor and the like. That is, the reciprocating linear motion of the push rod can be realized by different driving devices, which are not described herein and can be set by one skilled in the art.

It will be appreciated that to locate the rod 2 and prevent it from becoming unstable under axial loading during the pushing of the rod 7, a guide sleeve 10 is provided between the feed mechanism and the rod inlet bore, the guide sleeve 10 being coaxial with the inlet bore.

When the reinforcing rod is a bamboo rod with an inner cavity selectively filled with cement mortar, it can be understood that a conical positioning head is arranged at the tail end of the push rod under the condition that certain gaps are reserved at two ends of the bamboo rod and the bamboo rod is not filled, so that power is conveniently transmitted, and stable pushing of the reinforcing rod is ensured.

It can be understood that conveying mechanism is used for intermittent type nature to the reinforcing bar of forming die inner chamber transport, for the realization supplies with the reinforcing bar to conveying mechanism, can set up feeding mechanism to solve the loaded down with trivial details nature of artifical feed, and improve the accuracy of work efficiency and feed opportunity. Meanwhile, the feeding mechanism is also connected with the reinforced rod piece storage mechanism.

In this embodiment, a rod storage is disposed on one side of the conveying mechanism, and the rod storage can complete the feeding of the reinforcing rod 2 to the conveying mechanism, that is, the rod storage simultaneously realizes the storage and feeding operations. The rod piece storage device is provided with a storage bin, and an electromagnetic lock is installed at an opening of the storage bin so as to realize intermittent feeding.

In this embodiment, the rod storage may be a cartridge type storage, that is, an elastic member may be disposed in the storage compartment, and the reinforcing rod in the storage compartment may be pushed toward the opening, and when the electromagnetic lock is opened, the reinforcing rod may be pushed onto the bracket from the opening. In other embodiments, the elastic member may not be used, and the reinforcing bar may be discharged from the opening only by gravity, in which case, a delivery opening may be provided at the upper end of the storage compartment, and the reinforcing bar may be periodically replenished from the delivery opening into the storage compartment.

In other embodiments, the storage and feeding can be accomplished by different components, and the specific configuration thereof can be set by those skilled in the art, which will not be described herein.

It is understood that, if the input hole is opened before the reinforcing rod is fed into the cavity of the molding die from the input hole, the molten polymer in the molding die may flow out to cause a production accident. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a shutter 14 is installed at the input hole, and the shutter 14 controls the opening and closing of the input hole. Preferably, the gate is driven by an electric motor to realize opening and closing conversion. For example, a combination of the shutter piece and the electric push rod or a combination of the shutter piece and the rotating motor may be adopted, and the specific electric driving structure and the specific electric driving mode may be set by those skilled in the art, and are not described herein again.

To ensure that the gate can be opened at a proper time when the reinforcing rod reaches the gate, a pressure sensor or a proximity switch (magnetic sleeves fitted to both ends of the reinforcing rod) may be provided at the gate.

It will be appreciated that in this embodiment, the reinforcing rod is fed into the cavity of the molding die through the inlet hole, and that the molten polymer directly leaks from the gap between the inlet hole and the reinforcing rod, which may cause a production accident. To solve this problem, the first cooling jacket 15 is provided in the present embodiment.

The first cooling jacket 15 is arranged outside the input hole and is provided with a conical through hole 9, the conical through hole 9 is coaxially communicated with the input hole, one end with a larger diameter in the conical through hole 9 faces the input hole of the reinforcing rod, and a cooling liquid loop is arranged in the first cooling jacket 15. In this embodiment, a heat insulating sleeve is further disposed between the first cooling jacket and the input hole to prevent heat from flowing from the high temperature mold to the low temperature first cooling jacket through the input hole.

In this embodiment, to facilitate the fixing of the sleeve, a male connector is provided at the inlet. The inlet hole, the inner hole of the insulating jacket and the conical through hole 9 of the first cooling jacket are in turn connected and form a conical channel which is gradually enlarged along the advancing direction of the reinforcing rod 2. All parts are provided with an anti-adhesive coating, such as a teflon coating, on the inner surface.

A cooling liquid loop is arranged in the side wall of the first cooling sleeve 15, so that the temperature of the inner side wall of the first cooling sleeve is obviously lower than that of the molten polymer, and the inner contour of the smaller end of the conical through hole 9 is in clearance fit with the outer contour of the reinforcing rod 2, so that the molten polymer is solidified at the position due to viscosity increase, and flow leakage is avoided. Where the inlet of the coolant loop may be in communication with an ambient pressure water source and the outlet in communication with the water tank.

It is understood that in the present embodiment, the composite material composite beam is output from the outlet of the mold after cooling and forming, and the outlet of the forming mold 11 is provided with a conveying mechanism capable of supporting and conveying the formed composite beam product output from the outlet.

In this embodiment, the conveying mechanism may employ a plurality of idlers arranged side by side, at least one of which is a driving roller to provide power for conveying the composite beam product.

It can be understood that the composite material composite beam output by the forming die is an integral beam body, and in order to be divided into a set length, a cutting mechanism is arranged at an outlet of the forming die 11, and the cutting mechanism can be driven by the moving component to synchronously move with the formed beam body and cut the beam body according to the set length.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the cutting mechanism is a swing arm type circular saw, which is mounted on a linear motion component such as a screw rod sliding table, and moves synchronously with the formed beam body, and then cuts the beam body with a set length along the cross section direction.

It should be noted that, in order to realize the movement of the conveying mechanism, the gate, the swing arm type circular saw and other components in the embodiment, a controller, a control unit and related sensors are required.

Specifically, a first position sensor 21 and a second position sensor 22 for responding to the magnetic sleeves 3 at both ends of the reinforcing rod 2 are included to judge whether the formed beam body reaches the position to be cut. A third position sensor 20 is included for responding to the magnetic sleeve 3 at one end of the reinforcing bar 2 to determine whether the shaped beam has reached a position where it is desired to provide a new reinforcing bar 2 to the die feed hole.

The speed sensor 19 is used for measuring the output speed of the formed beam body at the outlet of the forming die. Specifically, the speed sensor may be mounted at one of the driven idlers.

The working principle is as follows:

when the apparatus is started, a piston (not shown) mounted at the outlet of the forming die 11 assists in achieving the first filling of the cavity of the forming die 11 with the molten polymer fed from the extruder 16. At the same time, the temporary piston may help to expel air or other gases generated in the molten polymer. At this stage, the gate 14 is closed to prevent leakage of molten polymer from the reinforcing rod inlet. After the inner cavity of the forming die 11 is completely filled, the second cooling jacket 17 starts to circulate a cooling medium, and the polymer starts to be cooled. As new molten polymer is delivered to the inlet of the forming die 11 and the previous molten polymer solidifies at the die outlet, the piston at the die 11 outlet is extruded by the solidified composite beam. Subsequently, a series of commands is sent from the controller 26 to eject a new reinforcing bar from the magazine 1, pushing it through the pusher 7 and its drive 8 until it contacts the shutter 14. Subsequently, the shutter 14 is opened and the reinforcing bar 2 continues to be pushed into the forming die 11 at a speed corresponding to the speed of movement of the cured beam at the outlet, which is determined by the controller 26 on the basis of the signal from the sensor 19. When the reinforcing rods 2 enter the conveying module consisting of the gate 14, the insulating jacket 13 and the first cooling jacket 15, the molten polymer pumped into the die from the extruder 16 wraps the reinforcing rods, and a small amount of the molten polymer flows out from the inlet hole of the forming die, passes through the insulating jacket 13, reaches the first cooling jacket 15, is rapidly cooled there, and stops flowing due to a significant increase in viscosity. The diameter of the inlet of the first cooling jacket 15 corresponds to the upper limit of the tolerance of the diameter of the reinforcing rod. The high viscosity prevents the molten polymer delivered from the extruder 16 from flowing out of the narrow slit.

At the same time, the hardened polymer is easily detached from the side walls of the transport module due to the conical inner contour of the channel 9. The channel is gradually enlarged in the advancing direction of the reinforcing bar 2 and has an anti-adhesive coating on its inner surface.

As the forming beam moves, the controller adjusts the feed speed of the reinforcing bar 2, the closing of the shutter 14 and the return of the pusher 7 to the initial position. When the polymer beam reaches the position of, for example, the third position sensor 20, the controller 26 commands the loading of a new batch of reinforcing bars from the magazine 1 to the carriage 5, the rate of transfer of the reinforcing bars along the carriage into the cavity of the forming tool 11 being in accordance with the rate of movement of the polymer beam in the forming tool.

When the reinforcing bar in the polymer beam body reaches between the first position sensor 21 and the second position sensor 22, signals transmitted to the control unit 23 from the first position sensor 21 and the second position sensor 22 coincide, and the driving device of the swing arm type circular saw 24 is started. The control unit 23 activates the swing arm circular saw 24 to achieve flat cutting of the composite beam to the desired length of the product. While cutting, the circular saw is both rotated along the cutting radius and moved in synchronization with the polymer beam in the horizontal direction.

The formed and cut composite material built beam product 25 is moved to a packing and transporting site (not shown) by a roller table. In a subsequent extrusion production cycle, new reinforcing rods will be delivered periodically and continuously at given time intervals.

The implementation of the device disclosed in this patent does not present any difficulties, since all the elements of the device can be manufactured under the conditions of the prior art.

The equipment can be used for manufacturing railway composite sleepers, bridge sleepers and switch sleepers, and can also be used for manufacturing building beam bodies with longer lengths. In addition, the reinforcing rods can be made of bamboo rods, or rods with different cross-sectional profiles and materials, such as composite pipes made of Kevlar or carbon fiber, wood beams, metal special pipes, and other various reinforcing rods.

Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without inventive changes by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding equipment is characterized by comprising a molding die, an extruder and a conveying mechanism, wherein an input hole is formed in one end, close to a feed inlet of the molding die, of the molding die; the cooling device also comprises a first cooling jacket which is arranged outside the input hole and is provided with a conical through hole, the conical through hole is coaxial with the input hole, the end with the larger inner diameter faces the input hole, and a cooling liquid loop is arranged in the first cooling jacket; a heat insulation sleeve is arranged between the first cooling sleeve and the input hole; a second cooling jacket is arranged at one end of a discharge port of the forming die, and a cooling water loop is arranged in the second cooling jacket; a conveying mechanism is arranged at an outlet of the forming die and can support and convey the solidified forming beam body output from the outlet;

the device also comprises a first position sensor and a second position sensor which are used for responding to the magnetic sleeves at the two ends of the reinforcing rod so as to judge whether the formed beam body reaches the position to be cut; the device also comprises a third position sensor which is used for responding to the magnetic sleeve at one end of the reinforcing rod so as to judge whether the solidified beam body reaches the position of pushing a new reinforcing rod to the die input hole.

2. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a rod storage capable of supplying the reinforcing rods to the conveying mechanism is provided at one side of the conveying mechanism.

3. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gate is installed at the input hole, the gate being used to control the opening and closing of the input hole.

4. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding device according to claim 1, wherein a cutting mechanism is arranged on one side of the outlet of the molding die, and the cutting mechanism can be driven by the moving assembly to move synchronously with the cured and molded beam body and cut the molded beam body according to a set length.

5. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a piston is provided at an outlet of the molding die to assist in achieving a first filling of an inner cavity of the molding die with the molten polymer from the extruder.

6. The composite material composite girder extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein the rod storage has a storage bin having an electromagnetic lock installed at an opening thereof to realize intermittent feeding.

7. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a bracket for supporting the reinforcing rods, a push rod is arranged on one side of the bracket, and the push rod can push the reinforcing rods on the bracket to the inner cavity of the molding die under the driving of the driving member.

8. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a guide bushing is provided between the feeding mechanism and the input hole, the guide bushing being coaxial with the input hole.

9. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus of claim 1, wherein the molding die is provided with a polymer melt splitter at an end adjacent to the extruder.

10. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a speed sensor for measuring an output speed of the cured molded beam body at an outlet of the molding die.

11. The composite material composite beam extrusion molding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner contour of the smaller end of the conical through hole is clearance-fitted with the outer contour of the reinforcing rod.