CN112234660A

CN112234660A - Battery management device

Info

Publication number: CN112234660A
Application number: CN201910636034.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙伟; 邓爽; 刘振华
Original assignee: Hangzhou Hikrobot Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Hikrobot Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-15
Filing date: 2019-07-15
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-15
Also published as: CN112234660B

Abstract

The application discloses battery management device includes: the switching circuit is connected between a charger and a battery when the battery is charged and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of power transmission connection between the charger and the battery; a wireless communication module; and a controller for: monitoring the state of the charger and/or the state of the battery; and when the state of the charger is abnormal or the state of the battery is abnormal, the switching circuit is disconnected to disconnect the power transmission connection, and an alarm message is sent through the wireless communication module.

Description

Battery management device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of charging technology, and more particularly, to a battery management device.

Background

Electric equipment such as aircrafts and electric vehicles requires batteries for driving. In some application scenarios, a user typically charges the battery using a simple charger. A simple charger may employ an indicator light to indicate whether the charger is charging the battery, but lack sufficient protection for the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a battery management device, which is connected between a charger and a battery and can protect the battery.

An embodiment of the present application provides a battery management apparatus, including:

the switching circuit is connected between a charger and a battery when the battery is charged and is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of power transmission connection between the charger and the battery;

a wireless communication module; and

a controller to:

monitoring the state of the charger and/or the state of the battery;

and when the state of the charger is abnormal or the state of the battery is abnormal, the switching circuit is disconnected to disconnect the power transmission connection, and an alarm message is sent through the wireless communication module.

In some embodiments, the battery management apparatus further comprises: the system comprises a first communication interface coupled with a charger and used for acquiring state information of the charger, wherein the state information of the charger is used for describing whether the charger fails or not; wherein the controller is further configured to: and when the state of the charger is determined to be abnormal according to the state information of the charger, the switching circuit is controlled to be switched off, and an indication signal indicating the stop of the work is sent to the charger.

In some embodiments, the battery management apparatus further comprises: a second communication interface coupled to the battery for obtaining historical state information of the battery, wherein the historical state information includes at least one of: battery identification, battery fault status, battery model, history of battery voltage, history of battery charge, history of battery temperature, number of battery charges, battery health index, and battery production lot.

In some embodiments, the controller is further configured to: according to the history of the electric quantity of the battery, the electric capacity of the battery after the first charging is taken as the standard capacity of the battery; determining the actual capacity of the battery according to the battery health index; calculating a first difference between the standard capacity and the actual capacity; calculating a second difference between the actual capacity and a dead capacity, wherein the dead capacity represents a capacity at which the battery fails; calculating the ratio of the first difference value to the number of times of charging the battery; and predicting the residual charging and discharging times of the battery according to the ratio and the second difference, wherein the residual charging and discharging times are the result of dividing the second difference by the ratio. .

In some embodiments, the battery management apparatus further comprises: the sampling circuit is used for collecting charge and discharge current between the charger and the battery; wherein the controller is further configured to: monitoring the charging and discharging current collected by the sampling circuit; determining whether the charge and discharge current exceeds a current threshold, and determining that the charge and discharge current is abnormal when the charge and discharge current exceeds the current threshold; and controlling the switching circuit to be switched off when the charging and discharging current is determined to be abnormal.

In some embodiments, the battery management device further comprises a temperature sensor for collecting ambient temperature; the controller is further configured to monitor the ambient temperature; determining that the ambient temperature is abnormal when the ambient temperature is above a first temperature threshold or below a second temperature threshold; and controlling the switch circuit to be switched off when the environment temperature is determined to be abnormal.

In some embodiments, the battery management apparatus further comprises: a cell detection interface coupled to the battery, configured to obtain voltages of a plurality of cells in the battery; wherein the controller is further configured to: when at least one battery cell in the battery is in overvoltage, determining that the voltage of the at least one battery cell is abnormal; and when at least one battery core in the battery has abnormal voltage, controlling the switch circuit to be switched off.

In some embodiments, the battery management device further comprises a display; wherein the controller is further configured to: presenting, by the display, the alert message while the switching circuit is open, wherein the alert message includes at least one of: a message indicating that the battery voltage is abnormal, a message indicating that the charger is out of order, and a message indicating that the ambient temperature is abnormal.

In some embodiments, the switching circuit comprises: a first field effect transistor, the drain of which is coupled with the anode of the charger;

a first resistor connected between the drain and the gate of the first field effect transistor;

a second field effect transistor, the drain of which is coupled with the anode of the battery, the source of which is coupled with the source of the first field effect transistor, and the grid of which is coupled with the grid of the first field effect transistor; a third field effect transistor, the source electrode of which is grounded, and the grid electrode of which is coupled with the controller; and the second resistor is connected between the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor and the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor.

In some embodiments, the sampling circuit comprises: a sampling resistor having a first terminal coupled to the first input of the controller and to the negative terminal of the battery, and a second terminal coupled to the second input of the controller and to the negative terminal of the charger; the first capacitor is connected between the first end of the sampling resistor and a grounding end; and the second capacitor is connected between the second end of the sampling resistor and the ground terminal.

In some embodiments, the controller is powered by the battery when a switching circuit is disconnected from a charger and connected to the battery; a controller (133): the monitoring module is also used for monitoring the voltage state of the battery and displaying the historical state information of the battery; when at least one electric core in a battery is in overvoltage or undervoltage, determining that the voltage state of the battery is abnormal; and when the voltage state of the battery is abnormal, sending an alarm message related to the voltage state through the wireless communication module.

In conclusion, the battery management device according to the application can be connected between the battery and the charger as a switching structure, so that the battery can be monitored and the power-off protection can be carried out on the battery. In particular, when the battery has only a simple battery management system, the battery management apparatus can perform power-off protection on the battery. In addition, the battery management device can send alarm messages aiming at the abnormity of the charger and the battery so as to immediately inform a user of handling the abnormal conditions, thereby avoiding the occurrence of dangerous conditions and further protecting the safety of the battery and the electric equipment provided with the battery.

Drawings

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an application scenario in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus 130 according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus 130 according to some embodiments of the present application;

fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a portion of a battery management apparatus 130 according to some embodiments of the present application.

Description of the reference numerals

110 charger

Positive pole of CHG1 charger

Negative electrode of CHG2 charger

120 cell

Positive electrode of BAT1 battery

Negative electrode of BAT2 battery

130 battery management device

131 switching circuit

132 wireless communication module

133 controller

P first input terminal

N second input terminal

EN ENABLE PIN

134 temperature sensor

135 electric core detection interface

136 display

137 sampling circuit

138 first communication interface

RX data receiving pin

TX data transmission pin

139 second communication interface

SCL clock pin

SDA data transmission pin

Q1-Q3 field effect transistor

R1-R3 resistor

C1-C2 capacitor

Pin of D1-D3 battery cell detection interface

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is further described in detail below by referring to the accompanying drawings and examples.

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an application scenario in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the application scenario 100 may include a charger 110, a battery 120, and a battery management device 130. The battery 120 may be deployed in various electrically powered devices such as unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned vehicles, and the like, for example. The battery 120 can be charged and discharged with a large amount of electricity.

The charger 110 may be connected to a power supply (not shown in fig. 1), for example. Here, the power supply source is, for example, various power sources such as a commercial power supply, a wind power plant, and a solar power plant.

In some application scenarios, the charging and discharging interface of the battery 120 may be directly connected to the charger 110. Thus, the charger 110 can directly charge and discharge the battery.

In some application scenarios, the battery management device 130 may be disposed between the charger 110 and the battery 120. In other words, the battery 120 is not directly connected to the charger 110, but is coupled to the charger 110 through a switching structure (i.e., the battery management device 130).

The battery management device 130 may collect, for example, a charge/discharge current between the charger 110 and the battery 120, and disconnect a power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120 when the charge/discharge current is abnormal, thereby protecting the battery 120 from charging. In addition, the battery management device 130 may also perform data communication with the battery 120 to acquire historical state information of the battery from the battery 120. Here, the history state information may include, for example, the model number of the battery, the history of the voltage of the battery, the history of the amount of electricity of the battery, the history of the temperature of the battery, the number of times of charging the battery, the battery health index, and the production lot of the battery. The battery management device 130 may also display historical status information for the user to trace back and analyze the historical operating conditions of the battery 120. In addition, the battery management apparatus 130 may also perform an analysis operation based on the historical state information of the battery 120. For example, the battery management apparatus 130 may predict the service life of the battery 120 and predict the failure of the battery 120 based on the historical state information.

In some embodiments, the battery management device 130 may collect the ambient temperature. Here, the ambient temperature is an ambient temperature at which the battery 120 is charged and discharged. In this way, battery management device 130 may disconnect the power transmission connection between charger 110 and battery 120 to protect battery 120 and charger 110 when the ambient temperature is abnormal (i.e., the ambient temperature exceeds the normal temperature range for charging and discharging the battery).

In some embodiments, the battery management device 130 may also be in data communication with the charger 110. The battery management device 130 may acquire the operating state of the charger 110. Upon failure of the charger 110, the battery management device 130 may disconnect the power transmission connection between the electrical instrument 110 and the battery 120 and send an instruction signal indicating a stop of the operation to the charger 110. In this way, the battery management device 130 can avoid damage to the battery 120 from a charger 110 failure.

In some embodiments, battery 120 may include a plurality of cells. The battery management device 130 may also obtain voltages of a plurality of cells in the battery 120. The battery management apparatus 130 may detect whether the voltage of each cell is abnormal. When the voltages of the battery cells are over-voltage or under-voltage, the battery management device 130 may present the voltage states of the battery cells inside the battery 120 to a user, so that the user can know the states of the battery cells inside the battery 120 more clearly. In addition, the battery management device 130 may disconnect the power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120 when the cell voltage is abnormal.

In some embodiments, the battery management apparatus 130 may also send an alarm message to the outside through the wireless communication module. The battery management device 130 may generate alarm information when an abnormal condition such as an abnormal charging/discharging current, an abnormal ambient temperature, or a failure of the charger 110 occurs. The battery management device 130 may send alert information to an alert management platform or user terminal.

In some application scenarios, the battery management device 130 may be connected only to the battery 120, and not to the charger 110. Here, the battery 120 may supply power to the battery management apparatus 130. The battery management device 130 may operate as an external battery management device. For example, the battery management apparatus 130 may display status information of the battery 120, and transmit an alarm message to the outside and display the alarm message when an abnormality occurs in the battery 120.

In summary, the battery management device 130 may obtain status information of the battery 120 (e.g., historical status information, charging and discharging currents of the battery 120, voltage of a cell in the battery 120, etc.), status information of the charger 110 (e.g., status information indicating whether the charger 110 is faulty), or environmental information (e.g., environmental temperature, etc.), and then determine whether to disconnect the power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120 according to the obtained information, so that the protection capability of the battery management device 130 on the battery 120 may be improved. In addition, the battery management device 130 may send an alarm message to the outside so as to immediately notify the user to handle various abnormal situations, thereby ensuring the safety of the charger 110 and the battery 120.

Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus 130 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the battery management apparatus 130 may include a switching circuit 131, a wireless communication module 132, and a controller 133.

Wherein the switching circuit 131 may be connected between the charger 110 and the battery 120. The switching circuit 131 is used to control the connection and disconnection of the power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120. Here, the switch circuit 131 may include, for example, a power switch device such as a field effect transistor (MOS transistor) or an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), but is not limited thereto.

The charger 110 may charge the battery 120. During the balancing management process of the battery 120, the charger 110 may also discharge the cells in the battery 120.

The controller 130 may be, for example, a Microprocessor (MCU), a programmable logic controller, or other processor. The controller 130 monitors the state of the charger 110 and/or the state of the battery 120. Upon determining that the state of the charger 110 is abnormal or the state of the battery 120 is abnormal, the controller 130 may open the switching circuit 131 so that the power transmission connection is disconnected, and transmit an alarm message through the wireless communication module 132. Here, the wireless communication module 132 is, for example, a WIFI module, a 4G (fourth generation mobile communication) module, a bluetooth module, or other wireless communication circuits. In some embodiments, the abnormal condition of the battery 120 is, for example, an overvoltage or an undervoltage of a cell in the battery 120.

In summary, the battery management apparatus 110 according to the present application can be connected between the battery 120 and the charger 110 as a switching structure, so as to monitor the battery 120 and perform power-off protection on the battery 120. In particular, when the battery 120 is provided with only a simple battery management system (the battery 120 cannot be protected from power interruption), the battery management device 110 can protect the battery 120 from power interruption. In addition, the battery management apparatus 110 of the present application may send an alarm message for the abnormality of the charger 110 and the battery 120, so as to immediately notify a user to handle the abnormal condition, thereby avoiding the occurrence of a dangerous condition, and further protecting the safety of the battery 120 and the electric device in which the battery 120 is installed.

In some embodiments, the controller 133 is powered by the battery 120 when the switching circuit 131 is disconnected from the charger 110 and connected to the battery 120 (i.e., the battery management device 110 is connected only to the battery 120). Thus, the controller 133, is further configured to: monitors the voltage status of the battery 120 and displays historical status information of the battery 120. When at least one of the cells in the battery 120 is under-voltage or over-voltage, the controller 133 determines that the voltage state of the battery 120 is abnormal. When an abnormality occurs in the voltage state of the battery 120, the controller 133 transmits an alarm message related to the voltage state through the wireless communication module 132.

Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of a battery management apparatus 130 according to some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the battery management apparatus 130 may include, in addition to the switch circuit 131, the wireless communication module 132 and the controller 133 in fig. 2, a temperature sensor 134, a cell detection interface 135, a display 136, a sampling circuit 137, a first communication interface 138 and a second communication interface 139.

The sampling circuit 137 is used for collecting charging and discharging currents of the battery 120 from the charger 110 (i.e. collecting charging or discharging currents between the charger 110 and the battery 120). The controller 133 is configured to monitor the charging and discharging current collected by the sampling circuit. The sampling circuit 137 may determine whether the charge and discharge current exceeds a current threshold, and determine that the charge and discharge current is abnormal when the charge and discharge current exceeds the current threshold. Upon determining that the charging and discharging current is abnormal, the controller 130 controls the switching circuit 131 to be opened, so that the power transmission connection is disconnected, thereby protecting the charger 110 and the battery 120.

Temperature sensor 134 may be used to collect ambient temperature. The battery 120 can be charged and discharged in various outdoor environments. The temperature sensor 134 may detect the temperature of various charging and discharging environments. In this way, the controller 133 can monitor the ambient temperature and control the switching circuit 131 to open when the ambient temperature is abnormal. For example, the controller 133 may determine that the ambient temperature is abnormal when the ambient temperature is above a first temperature threshold (e.g., 45 degrees celsius) or below a second temperature threshold (e.g., zero degrees celsius). In this way, the controller 133 can prevent the battery 120 from being charged and discharged under an extreme temperature environment (i.e., an abnormal ambient temperature condition), thereby ensuring the safety of the battery 120.

As shown in fig. 3, the cell detection interface 135 may be a circuit module coupled to the controller 133. In some embodiments, the cell detection interface 135 may also be integrated in the controller 133, which is not limited in this application. The cell detection circuit 135 may obtain voltages of a plurality of cells in the battery 120. In this way, the controller 133 may monitor the voltage of each cell, and control the switch circuit 131 to be turned off when a voltage abnormality occurs in at least one cell of the battery 120. Here, the case where the voltage abnormality occurs in the cell includes a cell overvoltage. In the event of an overvoltage in a cell, the controller 133 may avoid charging the overvoltage cell by opening the switching circuit 131.

As shown in fig. 3, the first communication interface 138 may be coupled to the charger 110. In addition, the first communication interface 138 may be coupled to the controller 133 or may be integrated into the controller 133. The first communication interface 138 may be a data communication interface such as a Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART). The first communication interface 138 is used for acquiring the status information of the charger 110. Here, the state information of the charger 110 may describe an operating state of the charger 110, which can indicate whether the charger 110 is operating normally. When it is determined that the state of the charger 110 is abnormal based on the state information of the charger 110, the controller 133 may control the switching circuit 131 to be turned off and transmit an instruction signal indicating a stop of the operation to the charger 110 so as to protect the charger 110 and the battery 120.

The second communication interface 139 is coupled to the battery 120. In addition, the second communication interface 139 may be coupled to the controller 133, or may be integrated into the controller 133. The second communication interface 139 is, for example, various communication interfaces such as I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit). The first communication interface 139 may obtain historical state information of the battery. Wherein the historical state information may include at least one of: battery identification, battery fault status, battery model, history of battery voltage, battery charge, history of battery temperature, number of battery charges, battery health index, and battery production lot. Here, the history of the battery voltage is, for example, a sequence of voltage values of the acquired battery voltage. The history of the battery temperature is for example a sequence of temperature values of the collected battery temperature. The history of the battery charge is for example a sequence of capacity values of the collected battery charge. In this way, the controller 133 can perform detection analysis on the battery 120 according to the historical state information. For example, the controller 133 may determine the cause of the failure of the battery 120 from the historical state information. In addition, the controller 133 may perform a failure prediction on the battery 120 according to the historical state information, so that the user may know what the battery 120 may appear subsequently according to the failure prediction result.

In some embodiments, the controller 133 may determine the capacity of the battery 120 after the first charging based on the history of the battery power, and use the capacity as the standard capacity of the battery 120. In addition, the controller 133 may also set the design capacity of the battery 120 as the standard capacity.

The battery health index is used to describe the capacity loss procedure for the battery 120. The controller 133 may determine the actual capacity of the battery 120 based on the battery health index. Based thereon, the controller 133 may calculate a second difference between the standard capacity and the actual capacity, and calculate a second difference between the actual capacity and the failed capacity. Here, the failure capacity indicates the capacity at the time of failure of the battery 120. In other words, if the actual capacity of the battery 120 does not reach the failure capacity, the battery 120 is considered to be failed and needs to be replaced. Here, the dead capacity of the battery 120 is, for example, 50% to 70% of the standard capacity. The controller 133 may also calculate a ratio of the first difference to the number of battery charges. Here, the ratio may represent an average value of capacity loss per charge of the battery 120. On this basis, the controller 133 may predict the number of remaining charge and discharge of the battery 120 based on the ratio and the second difference. And the residual charge and discharge times are the result of dividing the second difference value by the ratio. Here, the remaining charge and discharge number may substantially predict the service life of the battery 120.

In some embodiments, the controller 130 may determine the charge cycle of the battery 120 according to the number of charges of the battery 120. On this basis, the control 130 may predict a point in time at which the battery 120 may fail, based on the charging period and the number of remaining charges.

In some embodiments, the controller 133 may display an alarm message, historical status information of the battery 120, status information of the charger 110, etc. via the display 136 to prompt the user. The alarm message is, for example, a message indicating that the voltage of the battery 120 is abnormal, a message indicating that the charger 110 is out of order, a message indicating that the ambient temperature is abnormal, or the like.

In summary, the battery management apparatus 130 in fig. 3 can obtain the status information of the charger 110 through the first communication interface 138 and obtain the historical status information of the battery 120 through the second communication interface 139, so that the charger 110 and the battery 120 can be protected when the charger 110 fails or the battery 120 is abnormal. In addition, the battery management device 130 of the present application may control the power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120 according to the ambient temperature, so as to prevent the battery 120 from being charged and discharged in an extreme temperature environment, and further protect the battery 120. In addition, the battery management apparatus 130 of the present application may diagnose the battery 120 according to the historical state information of the battery 120, so that it may find the abnormality of the battery 120 and predict the failure condition of the battery 120 in real time.

As shown in fig. 4, the switching circuit 137 may include, for example: first field effect

A tube Q1, a first resistor R1, a second field effect tube Q2, a third field effect tube Q3 and a second resistor R2. Wherein, the drain of the first fet Q1 is coupled to the positive electrode CHG1 of the charger 110. The first resistor R1 is connected between the drain and gate of the first field effect transistor Q1.

The drain of the second fet Q2 is coupled to the positive electrode BAT1 of the battery 120. The source of the second fet Q2 is coupled to the source of the first fet Q1. The gate of the second fet Q2 is coupled to the gate of the first fet Q1. The source of the third fet Q3 is connected to ground and the gate is coupled to the controller 133. The gate of the third fet Q3 is coupled to the enable pin EN of the controller 133. The second resistor R2 is connected between the gate of the first fet Q1 and the drain of the third fet Q3. The controller 133 may output a control signal through the enable pin EN to turn on or off the third fet Q3.

When the third fet Q3 is turned on, current flows through the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 in the positive electrode CHG1 of the charger 110, and the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 are both turned on. In this case, the charger 110 may charge the battery 120.

When the third fet Q3 is off, both the first fet Q1 and the second fet Q2 are off. In this case, the power transmission connection between the charger 110 and the battery 120 is disconnected.

As shown in fig. 4, the cell detection interface 135, the first communication interface 138, and the second communication interface 139 may be integrated in the controller 133. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the cell detection interface 135, the first communication interface 138, and the second communication interface 139 may also be implemented as circuit modules coupled to the controller 133.

The cell detection interface 135 may be coupled to the battery 120 via pins D1-D3. Here, the pins D1-D3 each correspond to one cell of the battery 120. In other words. The cell detection interface 135 may obtain voltages of the three cells through D1-D3. Illustratively, FIG. 4 only shows pins D1-D3. In practice, the cell detection interface 135 may include more or less than three pins for acquiring the cell voltage.

The first communication interface 138 may perform serial data communication with the charger 110 through a data receiving pin RX and a data transmitting pin TX. The second communication interface 139 may be, for example, an I2C interface, and may include a clock pin SCL and a data transmission pin SDA.

The sampling circuit 137 may include: the circuit comprises a sampling resistor R3, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2. A first terminal of the sampling resistor R3 is coupled to a first input terminal (i.e., pin P) of the controller and to the negative terminal BAT2 of the battery 120. A second terminal of the sampling resistor R3 is coupled to a second input terminal (i.e., pin N) of the controller 131 and to the negative CHG2 of the charger 110. The first capacitor C1 is connected between the first terminal of the sampling resistor R3 and ground. The second capacitor C2 is connected between the second terminal of the sampling resistor R3 and ground. The controller 131 may determine the magnitude of the current between the charger 110 and the battery 120 by detecting the voltage between pins P and N.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery management apparatus, comprising:

a switching circuit (131) connected between a charger (110) and a battery (120) when the battery (120) is charged, for controlling the connection and disconnection of the power transmission connection between the charger (110) and the battery (120);

a wireless communication module (132); and

a controller (133) for:

monitoring the state of the charger (110) and/or the state of the battery (120);

when the state of the charger (110) is abnormal or the state of the battery (120) is abnormal, the switch circuit (131) is disconnected to disconnect the power transmission connection, and an alarm message is sent through a wireless communication module (132).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a first communication interface (138) coupled to a charger (110) for obtaining status information of the charger (110), wherein the status information of the charger (110) is used for describing whether the charger (110) is in fault;

wherein the controller (133) is further configured to: when the state of the charger (110) is determined to be abnormal according to the state information of the charger (110), the switching circuit (131) is controlled to be switched off, and an indication signal indicating the stop of the work is sent to the charger (110).

3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a second communication interface (139) coupled to the battery (120) for obtaining historical status information of the battery (120), wherein the historical status information includes at least one of: battery identification, battery fault status, battery model, history of battery voltage, history of battery charge, history of battery temperature, number of battery charges, battery health index, and battery production lot.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the controller (133) is further configured to:

determining the electric capacity of the battery (120) after the first charging according to the historical record of the electric quantity of the battery, and taking the electric capacity as the standard capacity of the battery (120);

determining an actual capacity of the battery (120) from the battery health index;

calculating a first difference between the standard capacity and the actual capacity;

calculating a second difference between the actual capacity and a dead capacity, wherein the dead capacity represents a capacity at which the battery (120) fails;

calculating the ratio of the first difference value to the number of times of charging the battery;

and predicting the residual charging and discharging times of the battery according to the ratio and the second difference, wherein the residual charging and discharging times are the result of dividing the second difference by the ratio.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a sampling circuit (137) for collecting charge and discharge current between the charger (110) and the battery (120);

wherein the controller (133) is further configured to: monitoring the charge and discharge current collected by the sampling circuit (137);

determining whether the charge and discharge current exceeds a current threshold, and determining that the charge and discharge current is abnormal when the charge and discharge current exceeds the current threshold;

and when the charging and discharging current is determined to be abnormal, the switching circuit (131) is controlled to be switched off.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the sampling circuit (137) comprises:

a sampling resistor (R3) having a first terminal coupled to a first input (P) of the controller (133) and to a negative terminal (BAT2) of the battery (120), and having a second terminal coupled to a second input (N) of the controller (133) and to a negative terminal (CHG2) of the charger (110);

a first capacitor (C1) connected between a first terminal of the sampling resistor (R3) and ground;

and a second capacitor (C2) connected between the second end of the sampling resistor (R3) and the ground terminal.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor (134) for collecting ambient temperature;

the controller (133) is further configured to:

monitoring the ambient temperature;

determining that the ambient temperature is abnormal when the ambient temperature is above a first temperature threshold or below a second temperature threshold;

and controlling the switch circuit (131) to be switched off when the environment temperature is determined to be abnormal.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a cell detection interface (135) coupled to the battery (120) for obtaining voltages of a plurality of cells in the battery (120);

wherein the controller (133) is further configured to: when at least one battery cell in the battery (120) is in overvoltage, determining that voltage abnormity occurs in the at least one battery cell;

and when at least one battery cell in the battery (120) has voltage abnormality, the switch circuit (131) is controlled to be switched off.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a display (136);

wherein the controller (133) is further configured to: presenting, by the display (136), the alert message, wherein the alert message includes at least one of: a message indicating an abnormality in the voltage of the battery (120), a message indicating a failure of the charger (110), and a message indicating an abnormality in the ambient temperature.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit (131) comprises:

a first field effect transistor (Q1) having a drain coupled to the positive electrode (CHG1) of the charger (110);

a first resistor (R1) connected between the drain and gate of the first field effect transistor (Q1);

a second field effect transistor (Q2) having a drain coupled to the positive terminal of the battery (120), a source coupled to the source of the first field effect transistor (Q1), and a gate coupled to the gate of the first field effect transistor (Q1);

a third field effect transistor (Q3) having its source connected to ground and its gate coupled to the controller (133);

a second resistor (R2) connected between the gate of the first FET (Q1) and the drain of the third FET (Q3).

11. The apparatus of claim 1,

the controller (133) is powered by the battery (120) when the switching circuit (131) is disconnected from a charger (110) and connected to the battery (120);

a controller (133) further configured to:

monitoring a voltage status of the battery (120) and displaying historical status information of the battery (120);

when at least one electric core in the battery (120) is in overvoltage or undervoltage, determining that the voltage state of the battery (120) is abnormal;

when the voltage state of the battery (120) is abnormal, an alarm message related to the voltage state is sent through the wireless communication module (132).