CN112234626A - Transformer reactive compensation system - Google Patents
Transformer reactive compensation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112234626A CN112234626A CN202011064338.5A CN202011064338A CN112234626A CN 112234626 A CN112234626 A CN 112234626A CN 202011064338 A CN202011064338 A CN 202011064338A CN 112234626 A CN112234626 A CN 112234626A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/22—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS] or power factor or reactive power compensating or correcting units
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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Abstract
The invention provides a transformer reactive compensation system, which comprises an electric energy monitoring instrument, a reactive compensation controller, a capacitance compensator and a cloud service center, wherein the electric energy monitoring instrument is connected with the reactive compensation controller; the electric energy monitoring instrument is electrically connected with the high-voltage side of the transformer to obtain the load parameters of the transformer; the reactive compensation controller is wirelessly connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument; the capacitance compensator is connected in parallel to the low-voltage side of the transformer, and the controlled end of the capacitance compensator is electrically connected with the reactive compensation controller; the cloud service center is connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument through a network to realize communication; the reactive compensation controller judges whether reactive compensation needs to be carried out on the transformer according to the real-time power factor value, determines capacitance compensation capacity according to the real-time reactive power value, generates a reactive compensation control signal and sends the reactive compensation control signal to the capacitance compensator to control reactive compensation; the cloud service center obtains the real-time power factor value collected by the electric energy monitoring instrument, and calculates the actual average power factor in real time in the month for a user to check, so that the user can obtain a reactive compensation result in time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of reactive compensation of transformers, in particular to a reactive compensation system of a transformer.
Background
In an alternating current distribution system, a power supply department has certain assessment requirements on monthly average power factors of users, if the actual monthly average power factors of the users are lower than assessment values, the users need to increase the power and adjust the electricity charges according to a certain proportion of the electricity charges of the users, and therefore, a capacitor needs to be put into a low-voltage side of a transformer to perform reactive compensation. In a normal-load power distribution system, the reactive loss of the transformer is low, and the low-voltage side of the transformer can be compensated by adopting a conventional reactive compensation scheme, so that unqualified user power factor examination cannot be caused. However, the conventional reactive compensation scheme cannot timely obtain the result of reactive compensation, and can only check whether the monthly average power factor is unqualified in each month or after monthly electricity bills are issued, and a certain amount of power regulation electricity bill may still be charged, thereby causing unnecessary economic loss to users.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the related art, embodiments of the present invention provide a transformer reactive power compensation system, which can adjust the capacitance compensation capacity in time according to the real-time actual average power factor to obtain a better reactive power compensation effect, and prevent a user from increasing the power and electricity charges.
The embodiment of the invention provides a transformer reactive power compensation system, which comprises: the system comprises an electric energy monitoring instrument, a reactive compensation controller, a capacitance compensator and a cloud service center;
the electric energy monitoring instrument is electrically connected with the high-voltage side of the transformer and used for monitoring the load of the transformer; the reactive compensation controller is wirelessly connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument; the capacitance compensator is connected in parallel to the low-voltage side of the transformer, and the controlled end of the capacitance compensator is electrically connected with the reactive compensation controller; the cloud service center is connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument through a network to realize communication;
the electric energy monitoring instrument collects a real-time power factor value and a real-time reactive power value of the transformer and sends the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller; the reactive compensation controller receives the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, judges whether reactive compensation needs to be carried out on the transformer according to the real-time power factor value, determines capacitance compensation capacity according to the real-time reactive power value when the reactive compensation needs to be carried out, generates a reactive compensation control signal and sends the reactive compensation control signal to the capacitance compensator; the capacitance compensator receives the reactive compensation control signal to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer;
the electric energy monitoring instrument uploads the acquired real-time power factor value of the transformer to the cloud service center; the cloud service center is provided with a monthly average power factor threshold value, receives and calculates the current actual average power factor in real time according to the real-time power factor value, compares the current actual average power factor with the monthly average power factor threshold value, and sends an alarm prompt to a user if the current actual average power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold value.
According to the transformer reactive power compensation system, the high-voltage side of the transformer is monitored to obtain the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, whether reactive power compensation needs to be carried out or not is judged according to the real-time power factor value, and reactive power compensation capacity is determined according to the real-time reactive power value; and meanwhile, the obtained real-time power factor value is uploaded to a cloud service center to calculate the current actual average power factor of the month, and if the current actual power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold value, an alarm prompt is sent to a user, so that the user can timely know the result of reactive compensation so as to adjust the reactive compensation scheme.
In an alternative embodiment, the monthly average power factor threshold is determined based on power factor assessment values specified by the power supply bureau.
In an optional embodiment, after receiving the real-time power factor values, the cloud service center draws a power factor change curve according to each of the real-time power factor values.
In an optional embodiment, the system further comprises a mobile terminal; the mobile terminal is connected with the cloud service center through a network to realize communication; and the user checks the current actual average power factor of the month through the mobile terminal.
In an optional embodiment, a first power factor threshold and a second power factor threshold are set in the cloud service center and are issued to the electric energy detection instrument; the electric energy detection instrument transmits the real-time power factor value, the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value to the reactive power compensation controller; the reactive compensation controller receives the real-time power factor value, the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value, compares the real-time power factor value with the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value, and generates a reactive compensation control signal to be sent to the capacitance compensator when the real-time power factor value is smaller than the first power factor threshold value; when the real-time power factor value is larger than the first power factor threshold value and smaller than the second power factor threshold value, generating a signal for maintaining the current reactive compensation and sending the signal to the capacitance compensator; and when the real-time power factor value is larger than the second power factor threshold value, generating a reactive compensation stopping signal and sending the reactive compensation stopping signal to the capacitance compensator.
In an optional embodiment, the electric energy monitoring instrument collects the real-time reactive power value of the transformer and sends the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller; and the reactive compensation controller receives and determines a reactive power demand value of the transformer according to the real-time reactive power value, and determines capacitance compensation capacity required by the low-voltage side of the transformer according to the reactive power demand value.
In an optional embodiment, the cloud service center is configured with a light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, a first power threshold and a second power threshold, and sends the power threshold to the electric energy monitoring instrument; the electric energy monitoring instrument acquires a real-time apparent power value of the transformer, compares the real-time apparent power value with the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value, and judges whether the transformer is in a light load or no-load state; when the transformer is judged to be in a light load or no-load state, a light load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme is sent to the reactive compensation controller; and the reactive compensation controller controls the capacitance compensator to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer according to the capacitance compensation capacity and the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme.
In an optional embodiment, the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme is provided with a plurality of capacitance cut-off thresholds, and a plurality of capacitance compensation values corresponding to the capacitance cut-off thresholds are set; and the reactive compensation controller compares the real-time apparent power with a plurality of capacitance cutting threshold values, selects a capacitance compensation value closest to the capacitance compensation capacity, and controls the capacitance compensator to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer.
In an optional embodiment, the reactive compensation controller obtains the charging times and the charging temperature when the capacitance compensator performs reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer, and uploads the charging times and the charging temperature to the cloud service center for a user to view.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
For a better understanding and practice, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a reactive power compensation system of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of a reactive power compensation system of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reactive compensation controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the capacitance compensator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some terms referred to in the embodiments of the present application are explained below.
Power factor: refers to the ratio of active power to apparent power of the alternating current circuit. At a certain voltage and power, the higher the value, the better the benefit. Commonly expressed as cos Φ, i.e., cos Φ — P/S.
Reactive demand: that is, at some point in time, how much reactive power the system requires from the point of supply. The slave system needs reactive demand which is positive reactive demand; and if the reactive demand is transmitted to the power grid, the reactive demand is reversed, and reactive reverse transmission on the user side is avoided as much as possible.
Compensation capacity: the unit kvar is the amount of reactive compensation capacity that needs to be put into the grid to increase the power factor at the compensation point. The optimal state is when the reactive demand is equal to the compensation capacity, and the power factor of the point is 1.0 at the maximum value.
Transformer loss: the transformer loss is the sum of no-load loss Po, short-circuit loss Pk and stray loss Ps. When a rated voltage is applied to one winding of the transformer, and the other windings are open-circuited, the active power absorbed by the transformer is called no-load loss. The no-load loss and the load loss of the transformer are referred to as iron loss and copper loss, respectively. Wherein the no-load loss is substantially fixed and the load loss varies according to the load condition.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described below with specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a block diagram of a reactive compensation system of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a control schematic diagram of the transformer reactive power compensation system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
The transformer reactive compensation system of the present embodiment includes a transformer 100, an electric energy monitoring instrument 200, a reactive compensation controller 300, a cloud service center 400, and a capacitance compensator 500; the transformer 100 is arranged on a power supply line, the high-voltage side is connected to the power supply grid 600, and the low-voltage side is connected to the user 700; the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 is electrically connected with the high-voltage side of the transformer 100 to monitor the load of the transformer 100; the reactive compensation controller 300 is connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 through a wireless network; the capacitance compensator 500 is connected in parallel to the low-voltage side of the transformer 100, and the controlled end of the capacitance compensator is connected with the reactive compensation controller 300 through an RS485 bus; the cloud service center 400 and the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 are connected through a network to realize communication.
The electric energy monitoring instrument 200 collects a real-time power factor value and a real-time reactive power value of the high-voltage side of the transformer 100 and sends the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller 300; the reactive compensation controller 300 receives the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, determines whether reactive compensation needs to be performed on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100 according to the real-time power factor value, determines a capacitance compensation capacity according to the real-time reactive power value when reactive compensation needs to be performed, generates a reactive compensation control signal, and sends the reactive compensation control signal to the capacitance compensator 500; the capacitance compensator 500 receives the reactive compensation control signal to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100.
The electric energy monitoring instrument 200 uploads the acquired real-time power factor value of the transformer 100 to the cloud service center 400; the cloud service center 400 sets a monthly average power factor threshold, receives and calculates a current actual average power factor in real time according to the real-time power factor value, compares the current actual average power factor with the monthly average power factor threshold, and sends an alarm prompt to a user if the current actual average power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold.
According to the transformer reactive power compensation system, the high-voltage side of the transformer is monitored to obtain the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, whether reactive power compensation needs to be carried out or not is judged according to the real-time power factor value, and reactive power compensation capacity is determined according to the real-time reactive power value; and meanwhile, the obtained real-time power factor value is uploaded to a cloud service center to calculate the current actual average power factor of the month, and if the current actual power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold value, an alarm prompt is sent to a user, so that the user can timely know the result of reactive compensation so as to adjust the reactive compensation scheme.
The following describes an electric energy monitoring instrument, a reactive compensation controller, and a capacitance compensator in the embodiment of the present application.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 is used for monitoring the actual operation condition of the high-voltage side of the transformer 100 in real time, so as to acquire the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value of the transformer 100, and further acquire the actual current value, the actual voltage value, and the active power value. The electric energy monitoring instrument 200 and the cloud service center 400 can be connected through a 2G or 4G network and the Internet, and the IP of the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 is configured in the cloud service center 400 through one-key code scanning to establish communication. The electric energy monitoring instrument 200 and the reactive compensation controller 300 are matched through addresses or signals, namely, through LoRa networking, so that related data are issued to the reactive compensation controller 300, and are issued every 30 seconds, and in order to prevent data packet loss, three data packets are issued continuously every time; and the reactive compensation controller 300 starts the LoRa listening to obtain the data packet sent by the electric energy monitoring instrument 200.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the reactive compensation controller 300 is used as a main control device for reactive compensation, and the control principle thereof refers to fig. 3. In this embodiment, the control chip of the reactive compensation controller 300 may be an STM32F407, and the reactive compensation controller 300 may control the reactive compensation of the capacitance compensator 500, may also read the relevant parameters of the capacitance compensator 500 in real time, and may upload the parameters to the cloud service center through the electric energy monitoring instrument 200. Specifically, the readable parameters are alarm information such as the number of times of charging each group of capacitors, the operating state temperature of the capacitors, and the over-temperature.
The control chip is connected with the LoRa module through a UART serial port and realizes LoRa wireless communication with the electric energy monitoring instrument; outputting switching control signals to the electric energy compensator through the IO port; outputting alarm prompts such as overhigh charging temperature and the like through an IO port; and a status indicator light is arranged to prompt the relevant running status; PTC temperature measurement is realized through an ADC port, and charging current of the capacitor bank and SVC active electric energy are detected through the ADC port; in addition, a UART/RS232 serial port is reserved for standby debugging.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic connection diagram of the capacitance compensator according to the present invention.
The capacitance compensator comprises a plurality of groups of capacitance groups, wherein a first-stage capacitance group is connected to the secondary CT or the controller; the last stage of capacitor combination can also be connected with other capacitor combinations. UA, UB and UC of the capacitance compensator are respectively connected with bus voltage.
The capacitance compensator is an RGZ intelligent capacitor and comprises an intelligent assembly, a zero-switching switch assembly, a current sampling assembly and other components, and an independent and complete intelligent compensation unit for low-voltage power reactive compensation can be realized. The capacitance compensator is provided with a plurality of stages of capacitance combinations, namely a first-stage capacitance combination, a second-stage capacitance combination, a third-stage capacitance combination and a fourth-stage capacitance combination, and each group of capacitance combination is set with a corresponding cutting threshold value through a cloud service center so as to control the corresponding capacitance combination to be switched to realize reactive compensation.
In an optional embodiment, the cloud service center 400 sets a monthly average power factor threshold, and sends an alarm to the user when the calculated current actual average power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold. The monthly average power factor threshold value can be determined according to a power factor assessment value of a power supply bureau, and a threshold value can also be determined by self.
In an optional embodiment, the reactive compensation system further comprises a mobile terminal; the mobile terminal is connected with the cloud service center through a network to realize communication; and the user checks the current actual average power factor of the month through the mobile terminal.
Specifically, the manner of sending the alarm to the user by the cloud service center 400 may be sending the alarm to a mobile phone of the user by a short message; the user can check the actual average power factor of the month by logging in the application degree of the mobile terminal by sending corresponding signals to the mobile terminal, so that reactive compensation can be regulated and controlled, and the intelligent power compensation system is very intelligent.
The mobile terminal can be an intelligent device such as a smart phone or a tablet computer.
In an optional embodiment, after receiving the real-time power factor values, the cloud service center 400 draws a power factor change curve according to each real-time power factor value, so that a user can visually see the power factor change, and management and control of reactive compensation are facilitated.
In an optional embodiment, the cloud service center 400 sets a first power factor threshold and a second power factor threshold, and sends the first power factor threshold and the second power factor threshold to the electric energy detection meter 200; the electric energy detection instrument 200 transmits the real-time power factor value acquired by itself and the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value issued by the cloud service center 400 to the reactive power compensation controller 300; the reactive compensation controller 300 receives the real-time power factor value, the first power factor threshold value, and the second power factor threshold value, and compares the real-time power factor value with the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value to determine whether to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100.
Specifically, when the real-time power factor value is smaller than the first power factor threshold, the reactive compensation controller 300 generates a reactive compensation control signal and sends the reactive compensation control signal to the capacitance compensator 500; when the real-time power factor value is greater than the first power factor threshold and less than the second power factor threshold, the reactive compensation controller 300 generates a signal for maintaining the current reactive compensation and sends the signal to the capacitance compensator until the real-time power factor value is less than the first power factor threshold or greater than the second power factor threshold; when the real-time power factor value is greater than the second power factor threshold value, the reactive compensation controller 300 generates a reactive compensation stop signal and sends the reactive compensation stop signal to the capacitance compensator 500.
The first power factor value may be 0.9; the second power factor value may be 0.95; when the real-time power factor value is less than 0.9, the reactive compensation controller 300 is required to control the capacitance compensator 500 to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100; when the real-time power factor value is greater than 0.9 and less than 0.95, the reactive compensation controller 300 needs to control the capacitance compensator 500 to maintain the original reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100, for example, the original reactive compensation is one or two sets of capacitors, and at this time, one or two sets of capacitors are also continuously used, so that the power factor value is kept in a stable range, namely, between 0.9 and 0.95; when the real-time power factor value is greater than 0.95, the reactive compensation controller 300 needs to control the capacitance compensator 500 to stop performing reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100; the low voltage side of the transformer 100 can now be conventionally reactive compensated by a conventional capacitance compensator.
In an alternative embodiment, the power monitoring instrument 200 collects the real-time reactive power value of the low-voltage side of the transformer 100 and sends the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller 300; the reactive compensation controller 300 receives and determines a reactive power demand value of the transformer 100 according to the real-time reactive power value, and determines a capacitance compensation capacity required by the low-voltage side of the transformer 100 according to the reactive power demand value. Specifically, the capacitance compensation capacity when the power factor of the high-voltage side of the transformer 100 is 1 is the optimum capacitance compensation capacity. When the power factor value of the high-voltage side of the transformer 100 can reach the maximum value of 1.0 after compensation is performed with a certain capacitance compensation capacity, it indicates that the current capacitance compensation capacity is the optimal capacitance compensation capacity, the optimal state of reactive compensation can be achieved, and neither overcompensation nor undercompensation can be achieved.
In an optional embodiment, the cloud service center 400 further sets a light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, a first power threshold, and a second power threshold, and after networking with the electric energy monitoring instrument 200 is successful, sends the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, the first power threshold, and the second power threshold to the electric energy monitoring instrument 200. The electric energy monitoring instrument 200 acquires a real-time apparent power value of the high-voltage side of the transformer 100, compares the real-time apparent power value with the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value, and judges whether the transformer 100 is in a light load or no-load state; when the transformer 100 is in the light load or no-load state, the light load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme is issued to the reactive compensation controller 300; the reactive compensation controller 300 controls the capacitance compensator 500 to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100 according to the optimal capacitance compensation capacity and the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme.
In order to realize reactive compensation with higher accuracy, a plurality of capacitance cutting threshold values are set in the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, and a plurality of capacitance compensation values corresponding to the capacitance cutting threshold values are set; the capacitance compensation value is formed by combining one or more groups of capacitors. The reactive compensation controller 300 compares the real-time apparent power with a plurality of the capacitance cut-off thresholds, selects a capacitance compensation value closest to the capacitance compensation capacity, and controls the corresponding capacitance group of the capacitance compensator 500 to charge so as to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer 100.
Specifically, the plurality of capacitance cut-off thresholds include a first-level capacitance cut-off threshold, a second-level capacitance cut-off threshold, a third-level capacitance cut-off threshold and a fourth-level capacitance cut-off threshold which are set in sequence from small to large; the plurality of capacitance compensation values corresponding to each of the capacitance cut-off thresholds include a primary capacitance compensation value, a secondary capacitance compensation value, a tertiary capacitance compensation value, and a quaternary capacitance compensation value. Comparing the real-time apparent power with a plurality of capacitance removal threshold values, controlling the capacitance group of the capacitance compensator 500 corresponding to the capacitance compensation value of one stage to perform reactive compensation when the real-time apparent power is smaller than the capacitance removal threshold value of the certain stage, and controlling the capacitance compensator 500 to quit the capacitance compensation when the real-time apparent power is larger than the capacitance removal threshold value of the certain stage.
The primary capacitance compensation value is a compensation value which can be provided by the primary capacitance group; the secondary capacitance compensation value is a compensation value which can be provided by the secondary capacitance group; the three-level capacitance compensation value is a compensation value which can be provided by the three-level capacitance group; the four-level capacitance compensation value is a compensation value which can be provided by the four-level capacitance group.
For example, reactive compensation is performed on the low-voltage side of the transformer by using a first-stage capacitance value at present, whether the real-time apparent power is smaller than a first-stage capacitance cut-off threshold value or not is judged, and when the real-time apparent power is smaller than the first-stage capacitance cut-off threshold value, the capacitance compensator is controlled to perform reactive compensation according to the capacitance compensation value of the stage; when the real-time apparent power is larger than a primary capacitance cutting threshold value, controlling a capacitance compensator to release the primary capacitance compensation; further judging whether the current real-time apparent power is smaller than a secondary capacitance cutting threshold value, and controlling the capacitance compensator to perform reactive compensation according to a secondary capacitance compensation value when the real-time apparent power is larger than the primary compatible cutting threshold value and smaller than the secondary capacitance cutting threshold value; when the real-time apparent power is larger than the secondary capacitance cut-off threshold value, controlling the capacitance compensator to release the secondary capacitance compensation; and by analogy, selecting a proper capacitance compensation value according to the current real-time apparent power for compensation.
The reactive compensation controller acquires the charging times and the charging temperature of the capacitance compensator when the capacitance compensator performs reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer through an ADC port, and uploads the charging times and the charging temperature to the cloud service center, so that a user or a manager can check the charging times and the charging temperature of the capacitance during reactive compensation through a mobile terminal, and the management and the regulation of a power distribution system are facilitated; meanwhile, when the charging temperature of the capacitor is higher than a certain temperature, an alarm is given out through an alarm device, for example, the alarm is realized through an indicator lamp, or the alarm is given out through sound production.
According to the transformer reactive power compensation system, the high-voltage side of the transformer is monitored to obtain the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, whether reactive power compensation needs to be carried out or not is judged according to the real-time power factor value, and reactive power compensation capacity is determined according to the real-time reactive power value; meanwhile, the obtained real-time power factor value is uploaded to a cloud service center to calculate the actual average power factor of the month for a user to check, so that the user can obtain a reactive compensation result in time to conveniently regulate and control a reactive compensation scheme in time, and the method is intelligent. Meanwhile, the reactive compensation with higher precision can be realized, the compensation effect is good, the user can be prevented from being charged, and the unnecessary expenditure of the user is reduced.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A transformer reactive compensation system is characterized in that: the system comprises an electric energy monitoring instrument, a reactive compensation controller, a capacitance compensator and a cloud service center;
the electric energy monitoring instrument is electrically connected with the high-voltage side of the transformer and used for monitoring the load of the transformer; the reactive compensation controller is wirelessly connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument; the capacitance compensator is connected in parallel to the low-voltage side of the transformer, and the controlled end of the capacitance compensator is electrically connected with the reactive compensation controller; the cloud service center is connected with the electric energy monitoring instrument through a network to realize communication;
the electric energy monitoring instrument collects a real-time power factor value and a real-time reactive power value of the transformer and sends the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller; the reactive compensation controller receives the real-time power factor value and the real-time reactive power value, judges whether reactive compensation needs to be carried out on the transformer according to the real-time power factor value, determines capacitance compensation capacity according to the real-time reactive power value when the reactive compensation needs to be carried out, generates a reactive compensation control signal and sends the reactive compensation control signal to the capacitance compensator; the capacitance compensator receives the reactive compensation control signal to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer;
the electric energy monitoring instrument uploads the acquired real-time power factor value of the transformer to the cloud service center; the cloud service center is provided with a monthly average power factor threshold value, receives and calculates the current actual average power factor in real time according to the real-time power factor value, compares the current actual average power factor with the monthly average power factor threshold value, and sends an alarm prompt to a user if the current actual average power factor is smaller than the monthly average power factor threshold value.
2. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, wherein: the monthly average power factor threshold is determined according to power factor assessment values specified by a power supply bureau.
3. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, wherein: and after receiving the real-time power factor values, the cloud service center draws a power factor change curve according to each real-time power factor value.
4. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, further comprising a mobile terminal; the mobile terminal is connected with the cloud service center through a network to realize communication; and the user checks the current actual average power factor of the month through the mobile terminal.
5. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, wherein:
the cloud service center is set with a first power factor threshold value and a second power factor threshold value and sends the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value to the electric energy detection instrument; the electric energy detection instrument transmits the real-time power factor value, the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value to the reactive power compensation controller; the reactive compensation controller receives the real-time power factor value, the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value, compares the real-time power factor value with the first power factor threshold value and the second power factor threshold value, and generates a reactive compensation control signal to be sent to the capacitance compensator when the real-time power factor value is smaller than the first power factor threshold value; when the real-time power factor value is larger than the first power factor threshold value and smaller than the second power factor threshold value, generating a signal for maintaining the current reactive compensation and sending the signal to the capacitance compensator; and when the real-time power factor value is larger than the second power factor threshold value, generating a reactive compensation stopping signal and sending the reactive compensation stopping signal to the capacitance compensator.
6. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, wherein: the electric energy monitoring instrument collects the real-time reactive power value of the transformer and sends the real-time reactive power value to the reactive power compensation controller; and the reactive compensation controller receives and determines a reactive power demand value of the transformer according to the real-time reactive power value, and determines capacitance compensation capacity required by the low-voltage side of the transformer according to the reactive power demand value.
7. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 6, wherein: the cloud service center is provided with a light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, a first power threshold and a second power threshold, and sends the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme, the first power threshold and the second power threshold to the electric energy monitoring instrument; the electric energy monitoring instrument acquires a real-time apparent power value of the transformer, compares the real-time apparent power value with the first power threshold value and the second power threshold value, and judges whether the transformer is in a light load or no-load state; when the transformer is judged to be in a light load or no-load state, a light load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme is sent to the reactive compensation controller; and the reactive compensation controller controls the capacitance compensator to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer according to the capacitance compensation capacity and the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme.
8. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 7, wherein: the light-load or no-load capacitance compensation scheme is provided with a plurality of capacitance cutting threshold values and a plurality of capacitance compensation values corresponding to the capacitance cutting threshold values; and the reactive compensation controller compares the real-time apparent power with a plurality of capacitance cutting threshold values, selects a capacitance compensation value closest to the capacitance compensation capacity, and controls the capacitance compensator to perform reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer.
9. The transformer reactive compensation system of claim 1, wherein: and the reactive compensation controller acquires the charging times and the charging temperature when the capacitance compensator performs reactive compensation on the low-voltage side of the transformer, and uploads the charging times and the charging temperature to a cloud service center for a user to check.
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