CN112233876A

CN112233876A - Special-shaped electromagnetic unit, array and application

Info

Publication number: CN112233876A
Application number: CN202011185935.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 裴瑞琳; 高凌宇; 张航; 王彦琛; 刘凡; 华叙彬; 凌成翔; 岳岩
Original assignee: Suzhou Yingci New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Yingci New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-10-30
Filing date: 2020-10-30
Publication date: 2021-01-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped electromagnetic unit, an array and application, comprising: the wire winding device comprises a support body and a wire spirally wound on the support body; the supporting body comprises a basal surface which can be spliced with the surface on the adjacent supporting body to form a plane and edge side surfaces which are positioned on the same side of the basal surface and fall into the basal surface in the orthographic projection; winding ends which are vertical to the surface and are convex are formed on the base surface and the edge side surface; the conducting wire is spirally wound on the winding end and is electrified to form a magnetic field vertical to the surface of the winding end; the magnetic field formed by the electrified coil on the edge side faces the inside/outside of the support body, and the enhancement effect of the same magnetic pole direction and the same magnetic pole strength of the magnetic field generated by the electrified coil on the basal surface is formed. The electromagnetic unit can enhance the magnetic field above the basal plane, and has the advantages of obvious enhancement effect, uniform amplification and strong controllability. Moreover, the cost can be controlled according to actual needs, and the preparation is flexible and controllable. In addition, the electromagnetic unit has wide application range and high universality.

Description

Special-shaped electromagnetic unit, array and application

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetism, in particular to a special-shaped electromagnetic unit, an array and application.

Background

An electromagnet is a device in which a coil is energized to generate a magnetic field, and a conductive winding matched with the power of the coil is generally wound outside a core, and the coil energized with current shows magnetism like a magnet. The core is typically formed in a bar or shoe shape to make it easier to magnetize. And in order to make the electromagnet lose magnetism after power failure, the iron core usually adopts soft magnetic materials with fast demagnetization. Therefore, the electromagnet shows magnetism when the power is on, and the magnetism disappears after the power is off. The electromagnet has wide application in daily life, and the power of the generator is greatly improved due to the invention of the electromagnet.

The characteristics of the electromagnet are mainly reflected in the winding mode, for example, the invention of Chinese patent 'manufacturing method of 8-shaped laminated coil', application number is 201280024276.2, the 8-shaped coil has the function that the winding method can be directly wound into a NS combined suspension rail, for example, the 8-shaped coil forms N, S two magnetic poles as the technology used by the rail of a Japanese superconducting train. This concludes the process of manufacturing the coil part having one axis by stacking the rectangular wires in the axial direction, although in the coil manufacturing process, a process for measuring the length of the wire remaining in the connection portion may not be required, thereby greatly reducing the number of manufacturing processes. However, in the case of a non-circular electromagnetic unit having a plurality of surfaces, such as the 8-shaped coil, the basic magnetic force generation is achieved, and it is difficult to exhibit the magnetism collecting effect and the effect of enhancing the magnetic force on one side.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a technical scheme of a special-shaped electromagnetic unit, which has the advantages that the magnetic field intensity above the basal plane can be enhanced, the special-shaped electromagnetic unit can replace a permanent magnet, and the use amount of rare earth materials is reduced so as to achieve the effect of reducing the cost.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a profiled electromagnetic unit has a plurality of surfaces, wherein each coil generates a surface-perpendicular magnetic field on each surface, the magnetic fields converging in a superimposed manner such that the lines of magnetic induction converge through the basal surface of the core material to achieve the effect of enhancing the magnetic field strength at the end surface.

The method specifically comprises the following steps: the supporting body is a polyhedron, and a plurality of surfaces on the supporting body are provided with spirally wound wires.

The support body is polyhedral in shape, and the support body can be spliced with each other to finally realize a plane that the concatenation formed. The support thus essentially represents a base surface, which is joined in the same orientation.

Other sides on the supporting body are edge sides, and the edge sides are characterized in that: when the facet is projected onto the ground plane, the projection of the facet needs to fall within the ground plane. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the prism side faces are inclined to form a sharp top, that is, the prism side faces or the prism side faces extend to form a common intersection point, so that the projection of the prism side faces to the basal surface is a projection area (such as a rectangular pyramid and a pentagonal pyramid).

And winding ends which are vertical to the surface and protrude are formed on the base surface and the edge side surface, a lead is wound on the winding ends, and the lead is spirally wound along the protruding direction of the winding ends. Therefore, based on the support of the winding end, the conducting wire is spirally wound and electrified to form a magnetic field vertical to the basal surface/edge side surface.

Therefore, based on the shape of the support, a basic N/S magnetic field can be formed on the ground surface. At the same time, magnetic fields are also formed on the edge sides.

According to the right-hand screw rule, when the current directions of the coils on the basal plane and the edge side face are opposite, the magnetic field generated by the edge side face coil can generate a certain enhancement effect on the magnetic field of the basal plane coil. The magnetic induction of the magnetic field formed by the electrified coils on the edge side surfaces converges towards the inner direction of the support body and passes through the basal surface, and the direction of the magnetic field is the same as that of the magnetic field generated by the basal surface coils, so that the effect of enhancing the magnetic field intensity of the basal surface is achieved.

For example, when the current on the ground plane flows in a clockwise direction, a magnetic field with an N pole "into" the ground plane is generated on the ground plane. If the current on the left edge side flows clockwise relative to the plane, a magnetic field with N pole "entering" the edge side and toward the inner side of the support body is formed on the left edge side. Other edge sides are similar, and each edge side can form an independent magnetic field for enhancing the magnetic field of the basal surface.

As is well known, the increase of the magnetic field needs to be determined based on the magnetic lines of the magnetic field, and the external magnetic lines of the magnetic field on the ground surface flow from the N pole to the S pole. In principle, the closer the two directions are, the better the reinforcing effect is, and the opposite direction will produce the offset. In practical effect, when the inclination angle between the edge side surface and the basal surface is 40-65 degrees, the effect is optimal, and the support body is relatively simple in preparation.

If a pyramid, for example a rectangular pyramid. The edge flanks are then inclined with respect to the base surface, and the reinforcing effect of the edge flanks on the base surface is theoretically better than that described above. Furthermore, since the land surfaces are oriented individually with respect to the ground plane, the strength of the land surfaces varies as they are amplified. Obviously, the effect of uniform amplification and uniform orientation angle distribution is more ideal. The supporting body has more ideal effect corresponding to the shape of the supporting body, namely the inclined angle of the edge side surface is uniform, and the number and the orientation angle of the edge side surface are uniform. Of course, more importantly, the preparation difficulty of the support body, the assembly requirement of the support body and the like need to be considered in the scheme.

According to the above technical principle, the support body needs to be electrically connected with the corresponding wires, so that the connection relationship of the wires on each surface and the wiring requirements need to be set.

The most direct and convenient method is that the conducting wires on each surface are independently arranged. Therefore, each surface is provided with an access end and an exit end, the wiring is easy to be disordered, and the arrangement is not attractive. However, the independent electrical connections are not entirely de-energized by a line fault on a single face.

Therefore, according to the principle of "enhancing the single-sided magnetic field" of the present embodiment, at least one edge side surface is required to generate the magnetic field amplification of the basal surface. Thus, the conductors on at least one of the edge side surfaces are connected in parallel with the conductors on the base surface, and the other surfaces can be arranged in series or in parallel.

The trend of wire is arranged on the supporter, can adopt the surface to arrange, and the wire is walked the line and is all through on the supporter surface promptly, from each structure transition connection of bending. The support body has the advantages of no need of opening holes, simple structure and convenient preparation. But has the disadvantages of messy surface linens and susceptibility to infection and confusion. Further, the wiring of the wires is implemented through the inside of the support body, specifically, the inside of the support body comprises wiring channels respectively leading to the substrate surface and the side surfaces of the edges, and the wiring channels lead out from the center of each surface. The conducting wire is spirally wound by taking an outlet of the wire path as a center, and is spirally wound according to the outline shape of the basal surface or the edge side surface where the conducting wire is positioned.

In order to increase the magnetic field on each surface, the wire on the winding end comprises three wire layers which are arranged in parallel, and the three wire layers are arranged in a stacking mode according to the same winding track.

The support body also comprises a main line connected with a power line, and the main line is communicated with the routing line. In general, the main line extends from the top corner to the center of the support, for example, a rectangular pyramid support, and the main line extends from the common intersection point of the side surfaces of the edge toward the ground plane.

The support body can adopt a non-magnetic-conductive structural component, or a high-magnetic-conductive soft magnetic material, or a hard magnetic material with magnetizing in a determined direction. The non-magnetic conduction structural part is used, heating caused by magnetic field saturation can be avoided, but the enhancement amplitude of the magnetic field is limited; the magnetic conduction soft magnetic structure can excite the gathered magnetic field, so that the magnetic field enhancement amplitude is stronger, but a more serious heating phenomenon can be generated due to the saturation problem of the soft magnetic material; the use of the hard magnetic material magnetized in a specific direction can make the added magnetic field obtain more superimposed components, so that the magnetic field of the enhanced surface is stronger, but the magnetic field generated by the current passing through the coils of other surfaces can also cause the demagnetization of the magnetic field of the hard magnetic material.

Based on the above electromagnetic generation principle, it is implemented as an electromagnet array, in which:

the magnetic field direction on the basal surface of the first unit is the magnetic force line and emits towards the outer direction of the support body, and the magnetic field direction on the edge side surface of the first unit is the magnetic force line and converges towards the inner direction of the support body.

And the magnetic field direction on the basal surface of the second unit is the magnetic force line and emits towards the inner direction of the support body, and the magnetic field direction on the edge side surface of the second unit is the magnetic force line and emits towards the outer direction of the support body.

The first units and the second units are arranged at intervals to form an array, so that the adjacent support bodies are arranged in an array mode that the basal planes are spliced to form a plane, and the generating directions of the magnetic fields of the basal planes on the adjacent support bodies are opposite.

The assembly chassis comprises sequentially arranged installation grooves, and the first unit/the second unit are assembled in the installation grooves. The mounting groove comprises groove walls abutting against the end faces of the winding ends of the special-shaped electromagnetic units, the rectangular pyramid support bodies are rectangular pyramid chambers, and the end faces of the support bodies correspond to the opposite groove walls.

The special-shaped electromagnetic unit is in contact connection/fixation with the corresponding groove wall through the end face of the winding end, specifically, the special-shaped electromagnetic unit can be fixed through the matching of a screw hole on the end face and a screw, and can also be connected through a method of adhering the end face and the groove wall with glue.

In the process of electromagnetism generation, when pulse current is introduced, the first unit and the second unit generate bottom crossing magnetic field changes, and the magnetic field on the basal surface in each unit is strengthened by the magnetic field on the edge side of each unit.

The scheme further protects the application of the special-shaped electromagnetic unit array, and the special-shaped electromagnetic unit array is mainly characterized in that the electromagnetic track is formed by the triangular electromagnet array. Through first unit, the concatenation of second unit array, because first unit is the cross-section with the second unit and is the triangle-shaped, first unit and the positive and negative concatenation of second unit, the basal plane on first unit and the second unit splices in proper order and forms the outside reinforcing face in magnetic force direction, and the side magnetic field that the helicoil on other sides formed Halbach array strengthens.

The tracks are spliced by a special-shaped electromagnetic unit array, and the special-shaped electromagnetic units are arranged in the transfer chassis and are fixed by a frame to form fixed arrangement. Based on the Halbach array, the track can form magnetic force enhancement on the surface of the track, so that the magnetic suspension track has extremely high feasibility.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the magnetic field of a single side surface can be enhanced, the enhancement effect is obvious, the amplification is uniform, and the controllability is strong.

2. The manufacturing process is simple, the cost can be controlled according to actual needs, and the preparation is flexible and controllable.

3. The application range is wide, the method can be applied to various fields, and the product has high universality.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a profiled electromagnetic unit;

FIG. 2 is an expanded view of the profiled electromagnetic unit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field of the heterotype electromagnetic unit;

FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of the heterotype electromagnetic unit array;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 8-shaped wound magnetic levitation track.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The magnetic field generated by the coil is vertical to the plane. Since the magnetic field generated by each surface coil generates a large electromagnetic pulling force, a support body needs to be added to the core portion for support.

Meanwhile, the winding of the conducting wire on each surface needs to form a standard magnetic field and a magnetic field intensity. Therefore, the wire winding needs to be wound in a helical angle as much as possible to form a solenoid type. As shown in the figure, the winding ends which are perpendicular to the surface and are convex are formed on each surface, the wires are wound on the winding ends, and the wires are wound spirally along the convex direction of the winding ends. Therefore, based on the support of the winding end, the wire is spirally wound and electrified to form a magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the winding end.

Except that the enhanced magnetic field of the basal surface is vertical to the plane, the magnetic fields generated by other edge side surfaces are converged inwards. As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic lines generated by the edge sides act on the magnetic field of the ground plane.

Example 2:

the rectangular pyramid structure is adopted, the bottom surface is rectangular, the other four surfaces are triangular, and the preferred range of the inclination angle of the triangular surface is 40-65 degrees.

Each surface of the rectangular pyramid is provided with a winding end which is vertical to the surface and protrudes, a conducting wire is wound on the winding end, and the conducting wire is wound spirally along the protruding direction of the winding end. Therefore, based on the support of the winding end, the wire is spirally wound and electrified to form a magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the winding end.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the magnetic fields of the triangular surfaces converge towards the inside, the rectangle of the bottom surface is a target surface for enhancing the magnetic field, and the magnetic field convergence effect can be exerted to the utmost extent by the inclined angles of the four triangular surfaces.

In particular, the routing arrangement of the lines and the like are also involved. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, fig. 1 is a perspective view of an electromagnetic unit with a rectangular pyramid structure, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an open state of the electromagnetic unit. Corresponding to fig. 2 and 3, a main line is opened at the common intersection point, i.e. the vertex, of the four edge side surfaces, and the main line vertically penetrates through and directly leads to the hole in the center of the basal surface. The wires on the basal surface are spirally arranged anticlockwise according to a square track, the wires are directly transited to the left side face of the edge from the side edge, the wires are spirally arranged clockwise according to a triangular track on the side face of the edge, the wires are gradually wound around the center of the side face of the edge, the center of the side face of the edge is provided with an orifice of a wiring channel, and the wires are led to the right side face opposite to the side face of the edge through the wiring channel. The wires penetrate out from a wiring channel hole in the center of the side surface of the right side edge, and the wires are arranged in a clockwise spiral shape according to a triangular track. The wires are transited from the adjacent sides of the side faces to the upper side edge side face and are routed, the wires are arranged on the upper edge side face in a clockwise spiral shape according to a triangular track and gradually wound around an orifice in the center of the edge side face, and the wires enter from the orifice and penetrate to the lower edge side face opposite to the edge side face. The lead penetrates out from an orifice in the center of the side surface of the lower edge, the lead is spirally arranged clockwise according to a triangular track, and finally the lead is led out along the center line of the surface.

Based on the above-mentioned routing arrangement, a magnetic field with N-pole penetrating into the "paper" direction is formed on the base surface, and a magnetic field with N-pole facing the inside of the support body is generated on each edge side (as shown in fig. 2, the spreading direction of the edge side is from the lower side to the plane).

The support is preferably selected from soft magnetic materials such as permalloy, SMC powder metallurgy and the like. The inner part of the core material can be conveniently wired in an internal connection mode in a through hole punching mode, and coils of each plane can be connected through a middle through hole, so that the coils of each plane are connected in parallel, and the heat generated due to overlarge series resistance is greatly reduced.

Example 3

The Halbach array is an array structure of special-shaped electromagnetic units, and the permanent magnet magnetic induction lines are overlapped on one side and offset on the other side through the arrangement of the special magnetizing directions, so that the single-side magnetic field can be enhanced by the array permanent magnet, and the magnetic field on the other side is weakened, namely the Halbach array structure can realize the magnetic field convergence to increase the density of the single-side magnetic induction lines.

The special-shaped electromagnetic units are required to be fixed in the array, so that an assembly chassis is required to be designed for placement. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

the assembly chassis comprises sequentially arranged installation grooves, and the special-shaped electromagnetic units are assembled in the installation grooves. The mounting groove comprises groove walls abutting against the end faces of the winding ends of the special-shaped electromagnetic units, if the mounting groove is a cube-shaped support body, the mounting groove is also a cube chamber, and the end faces of the support bodies correspond to the opposite groove walls. In the case of a rectangular pyramid, the mounting groove is also a rectangular pyramid-shaped chamber, and the end faces of the respective supports correspond to the opposing groove walls.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, if the electromagnetic unit of the scheme is used for the Halbach array, the magnetism gathering effect of the Halbach array can be realized, and rare earth resources can be not relied on, so that the magnetic suspension track has extremely high feasibility.

The embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and do not limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed herein be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A profiled electromagnetic unit comprising: the wire is spirally wound on the support body; the method is characterized in that:

the supporting bodies comprise a basal surface which can be spliced with the surface on the adjacent supporting body to form a plane, and edge side surfaces which are positioned on the same side of the basal surface and fall into the basal surface in the orthographic projection of the basal surface; winding ends which are vertical to the surface and are convex are formed on the base surface and the edge side surface;

the conducting wire is wound on the winding end of the base surface/edge side surface, and the conducting wire is electrified to form a magnetic field vertical to the base surface/edge side surface; the wire is spirally wound along the protruding direction of the winding end;

the magnetic field formed by the electrified coil on the edge side faces the inside/outside of the support body and enhances the strength of the same magnetic pole as the magnetic field generated by the electrified coil on the basal surface.

2. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the current spiral directions of the winding ends on the side surfaces of the edges are the same.

3. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the support body comprises a wiring channel which is respectively communicated with the basal surface and each edge side surface.

4. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the lines on at least one edge side are connected in parallel with the lines on the base surface.

5. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the wire at the winding end is a multi-strand wire layer wound in parallel.

6. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the support body comprises a main line channel connected with a power line, and the main line channel is communicated with the routing channel.

7. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the cross section profile of the winding end is the same as the profile shape of the basal surface or the edge side surface where the winding end is located.

8. A profiled electromagnetic unit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the support body can be selected from: the magnetic field generator comprises a non-magnetic conduction structural part, a soft magnetic material part with high magnetic conduction performance and a hard magnetic material part with a determined magnetizing direction.

9. An array of profiled electromagnetic units according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of supports are arranged in an array in such a way that the base surfaces are spliced to form a plane, and the magnetic fields of the base surfaces on adjacent supports are generated in opposite directions; the method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the magnetic field direction of the winding end on the basal surface of the first unit is magnetic force line and emits towards the external direction of the support body, and the magnetic field direction on the edge side surface of the first unit is magnetic force line and converges towards the internal direction of the support body;

the magnetic field direction of the winding end on the basal surface of the second unit is magnetic force line and emits towards the inner direction of the support body, and the magnetic field direction on the edge side surface of the second unit is magnetic force line and emits towards the outer direction of the support body;

the assembly chassis comprises sequentially arranged installation grooves, and the first unit/the second unit are assembled in the installation grooves; the mounting groove comprises a groove wall which is abutted against the end face of each winding end on the special-shaped electromagnetic unit; the special-shaped electromagnetic unit is in contact connection/fixation with the corresponding groove wall through the end surface of the wire end.

10. Use of an array of profiled electromagnetic elements according to claim 9, characterized in that: the first unit and the second unit are combined in an array to form a track; the rail includes a frame for fixing the first unit and the second unit; the frame is formed by splicing assembly chassis; the track includes: the magnetic reinforcing surface is formed by splicing the basal surface arrays on the first units and the second units.