CN112229830A - Endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system - Google Patents
Endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112229830A CN112229830A CN202010964835.4A CN202010964835A CN112229830A CN 112229830 A CN112229830 A CN 112229830A CN 202010964835 A CN202010964835 A CN 202010964835A CN 112229830 A CN112229830 A CN 112229830A
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- gas
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- optical fiber
- libs
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
Abstract
The invention discloses a needle-based endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system which comprises a needle-based LIBS probe and a host system. The host system comprises a spectrometer, a detector, a microcontroller, a gas device, a computer, a programmable delayer, a laser light source, an illumination light source, a light source coupling system and an actuating connector; the acupuncture LIBS probe comprises a gas input channel, a gas output channel, a sleeve, a third optical fiber, a focusing lens, a reflecting mirror surface and an air hole. The system adopts a needle-punching LIBS probe, integrates an LIBS system, an endoscopic system and a minimally invasive technology, and can be deeply inserted into an object to be detected to detect and scan trace elements. The invention solves the problem that the existing optical fiber LIBS system can not detect elements in the object, and the integrated imaging unit can realize the optical imaging in the object to be detected, and has the advantages of real time, micro-damage, high sensitivity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system, in particular to a needle-punching type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system which can realize the detection of various trace elements in an object to be detected.
Background
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a measurement technique that uses high-energy short-pulse Laser to induce the surface of an object to be measured to generate plasma, and performs qualitative and quantitative analysis on elements contained in the sample to be measured by analyzing the emission spectrum of the plasma. Compared with other detection means, the LIBS technology has the characteristics of in-situ detection, micro-damage or even no damage to a sample, high-precision analysis of multiple elements and the like.
The fiber LIBS transmits high-energy short pulse laser by using the fiber, the laser induces the surface of an object to be detected to generate plasma, the fiber is used for transmitting a plasma emission spectrum signal to a detector, and qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out on elements contained in a sample to be detected by analyzing detected spectrum information. Compared with the traditional laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, the optical fiber LIBS is more suitable for monitoring requirements of special occasions requiring small space and the like.
LIBS has important applications in the biomedical field. By qualitatively or quantitatively analyzing the trace elements in the biological tissues or organs, pathological changes and healthy tissues can be distinguished, and diagnosis of diseases such as cancer and the like and online feedback in laser surgery can be carried out. Under normal physiological conditions, when LIBS is adopted to detect trace elements in organisms, the problems of high minimum detection limit of the trace elements to be detected and the like can be caused due to the complex composition of the environment in the organisms and tissues or organs to be detected.
The existing LIBS technology is improved from a system structure by additionally arranging rare gas purging, a magnetic air confinement cavity, a microwave generator and the like, so that the detection sensitivity is improved, and the signal-to-noise ratio is reduced; probe size is reduced by using optical fibers (see prior art [1] cheng yan, zeng qing wan, li xiang you, guo lian bo, jun, & hayao super et al (0).: portable laser probe composition analyzer based on fiber lasers).
However, the existing LIBS technology can only perform radial detection on the surface of a tissue or organ to be detected, but is difficult to perform positioning and scanning detection on the object to be detected inside the organism, and the application of LIBS in certain biomedical fields (such as clinical diagnosis, real-time feedback and the like) is limited. Therefore, the existing LIBS structure needs to be improved to meet the detection requirement of trace elements in organisms.
Minimally invasive medical techniques aim to reduce the amount of tissue or organs damaged during medical treatment, thereby reducing patient recovery time, reducing patient discomfort and reducing harmful side effects. Such minimally invasive techniques are typically performed through natural orifices in the patient's anatomy or through one or more surgical incisions. The clinician may insert medical tools into or through these natural orifices or incisions to reach the target tissue site, an insertion by needle stick is a common insertion method, often combined with endoscopic imaging techniques. Endoscopic imaging techniques can image morphologically or functionally the internal tissues or organs of a laboratory animal or human, but only the surface of the tissues or organs, and not the constituent elements thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system which can realize in-situ, on-site and real-time detection of trace elements of an object to be detected. Combines the minimally invasive technology, the endoscopic imaging technology and the LIBS technology, and realizes the qualitative and quantitative analysis of trace elements in internal tissues or organs of organisms by a needling insertion mode. The invention comprises an imaging unit which can image the surface of the object to be measured. The invention can carry out microelement analysis and purging on internal tissues or organs of an organism which are difficult to directly detect, reduces the influence of complex environment in the organism on a detection result, and has important significance for the development of LIBS in the field of biological medical treatment (clinical diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, and the like).
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a needle-prick type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system comprises a host system and a needle-prick type LIBS probe, wherein the host system consists of a spectrometer, a detector, a microcontroller, a gas device, a computer, a programmable delayer, a laser light source, an illumination light source, a light source coupling system and an actuating connector;
the acupuncture LIBS probe comprises a reflecting mirror surface, a sleeve, a third optical fiber, a focusing lens, a gas input channel and a gas output channel, wherein the third optical fiber, the focusing lens, the gas input channel and the gas output channel are positioned in the sleeve; one end of the sleeve is connected with the actuating connector, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with the reflecting mirror surface to form a closed space; an air outlet hole and an air inlet hole are arranged on the surface of the sleeve and close to the end of the reflecting mirror surface, one end of the gas input channel is connected with the actuating connector, the other end of the gas input channel is communicated with the air inlet hole, one end of the gas output channel is connected with the actuating connector, and the other end of the gas output channel is communicated with the air outlet hole; one end of the third optical fiber is connected with the actuating connector, the other end of the third optical fiber is connected with the focusing lens, and the third optical fiber, the focusing lens and the reflector are coaxial.
The white light emitted by the illumination light source is focused by the focusing lens through the light source coupler, the first optical fiber and the third optical fiber, reflected by the reflecting mirror surface and irradiated on the surface of the object to be detected, and the light reflected by the object to be detected is transmitted to the detector through the third optical fiber and the second optical fiber to obtain the image of the surface of the object to be detected, so that the target position is positioned, the laser emitted by the laser light source is guided to irradiate the target position, and the trace element analysis of the target position of the object to be detected is carried out.
Furthermore, the focusing lens is connected with the third optical fiber and is a hemispherical light-transmitting ball, an antireflection film is plated on the hemispherical surface, and the focusing lens and the third optical fiber move together.
Further, the sleeve and the reflector are of an integral structure, and the reflector is arranged at the far end of the sleeve.
Furthermore, the actuating connector comprises a metal connector for connecting the needle-prick type LIBS probe, a rotation control system and an axial micro-motion control system;
the rotation control system comprises a support rod, a bearing, a belt pulley, a pulley combination and a rotating motor; a rotating shaft of the rotating motor drives a supporting rod to rotate through a bearing, a belt pulley and a pulley combination, and the supporting rod is connected with a metal connector, so that the needling LIBS probe is driven to rotate for 360 degrees;
the axial micro-motion control system comprises a nut, a micro-adjustment screw rod with external threads and a micro motor; the nut is connected with the metal connector, the fine tuning screw is connected with the third optical fiber, the external thread of the fine tuning screw is meshed with the internal thread of the nut, and the micro motor controls the linkage of the nut and the fine tuning screw so as to control the axial displacement of the third optical fiber in the needle-punching LIBS probe;
the micro motor and the rotating motor are respectively connected with the micro system controller through electric signals.
Furthermore, the gas device is respectively connected with the gas input conduit and the gas output conduit through the input gas pipeline and the output gas pipeline and the connecting actuator, so that inert gas can be blown to the surface of the object to be detected, and the intensity of the excited plasma spectrum signal is enhanced; if the surface of the object to be detected is located in the liquid environment, the gas device blows water-insoluble gas into the gas input pipeline to sweep away the liquid on the surface of the object to be detected, so that the influence of the liquid environment on the detection result is reduced; various gas medium environments are manufactured in the needle-punching LIBS probe through the input and output gas pipelines, and the requirements of different medium environments required by different objects to be detected during detection can be met.
Furthermore, the far ends of the gas input channel and the gas output channel are respectively connected with the two gas holes. The air holes are made of polytetrafluoroethylene or other materials and only allow air to pass through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the trace element analysis can be carried out on the internal tissues or organs of the organism which are difficult to directly detect, and the invention has important significance for the development of LIBS in the field of biological medical treatment (clinical diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, and the like).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a needle-punching type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the actuating connector of the system of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the LIBS probe of the system of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the needle-prick LIBS probe of the system shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples and figures, without thereby limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the invention discloses a needle-punching type endoscopic laser induced breakdown spectroscopy system, which comprises a host system A and a needle-punching type LIBS probe B.
The host system A comprises a spectrometer 1, a detector 2, a micro-control system 3, a gas device 4, a computer 5, a programmable pulse delay generator 6, a laser light source 7, an illumination light source 8, a light source coupler 9 and an actuating connector 10.
The acupuncture LIBS probe B comprises a gas input channel 19, a gas output channel 21, a sleeve 16, a third optical fiber 17, a focusing lens 22, a reflecting mirror 18 and an air hole 20.
The programmable pulse delay generator 6 is respectively connected with the laser light source 7, the spectrometer 1 and the detector 2 through electric signals; the computer 5 is respectively connected with the spectrometer 1, the detector 2, the gas device 4, the micro-control system 3 and the light source coupler 9 through electric signals; the micro control system 3 is connected to the computer 4 and the actuating connector 10 by electrical signals, respectively.
The host system A is connected with the LIBS probe B through an actuating connector 10; the light source coupler 9 and the spectrometer 1 are respectively connected with a third optical fiber 17 through a first optical fiber 11 and a second optical fiber 15 and an actuating connector 10; the micro-control system 3 is connected to the actuating connector 10 by means of electrical signals. The gas device 4 is connected to a gas inlet channel 19 and a gas outlet channel 21 via a connecting actuator 10 via a gas inlet line 12 and a gas outlet line 13, respectively.
The third optical fiber 17 in the acupuncture LIBS probe B is arranged in the same optical path with the focusing lens 22 and the reflecting mirror 18 and is positioned in the cavity of the sleeve 16.
The sleeve 16 and the reflector 18 are of an integral structure, the reflector is arranged at the far end of the sleeve, and the far end of the LIBS probe is a sharp probe with a certain angle. The setting angle of the invention example is 45 degrees, and other invention examples can set probes with different inclination angles according to actual requirements.
The first optical fiber 11, the second optical fiber 15, and the third optical fiber 17 in the present invention are silica-clad multimode fibers.
The laser, the optical fiber and the focusing lens used by the invention can be replaced by devices with different parameters according to actual requirements.
The detector 3 may be a solid-state imaging device such as an ICCD or a CCD.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the actuating connector 10 of the system of fig. 1. The actuating connector 10 includes an encapsulated proximal end of an acupuncture LIBS probe B, a rotational control system, and an axial micro-motion control system. The LIBS probe proximal end is encapsulated by a metal connector 23. The rotary controller comprises a supporting rod 24 and a rotary motor 29 which are arranged on the upper part of the metal connector 23, a rotary shaft 28 of the rotary motor and the supporting rod 24 are provided with corresponding bearing and pulley combinations (25 and 27) which are connected through a belt pulley 26, and the rotary motor can drive the LIBS probe to rotate for 360 degrees. The axial micro-motion control system comprises a micro-tuning screw 31, a nut 30 and a micro motor 32; the nut 30 is connected with the metal connector 23, the fine adjustment screw 31 is connected with the third optical fiber 17, has an external thread and is meshed with the internal thread of the nut 30, and the micro motor 32 controls the linkage of the nut 30 and the fine adjustment screw 31 so as to control the axial displacement of the third optical fiber 17 in the acupuncture LIBS probe B.
The precision of the axial fine adjustment system can reach 20 micrometers, and the adjustment range is 0-3 mm.
FIGS. 3-4 are a cross-sectional view and a three-dimensional block diagram, respectively, of the needle-prick LIBS probe of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 1. The gas input channel 19 and the gas output channel 21 are positioned in the sleeve 16 and are respectively positioned at two sides of the third optical fiber 17; the far ends of the gas input channel 19 and the gas output channel 21 are respectively connected with two gas holes 20, and the gas holes 20 are positioned at two sides of the sleeve 16 at the lower end of the reflector 18.
The gas holes 20 are made of teflon or other materials that only allow gas to pass through. The cannula 16 may be made of any biocompatible, rigid and transparent material.
The specific working flow of the invention is as follows:
1. parameter setting
First, the light intensity and frequency of the laser light source 7 are set according to the object to be measured, and an appropriate delay time is set.
2. Locating a region under test
And inserting the needle-punching LIBS probe into the object to be detected. And (3) turning on the illumination light source 9, irradiating the white light to the surface of the object to be detected through the optical fiber and the focusing cavity, and finally, enabling the light reflected by the object to be detected to reach the detector 2 through the optical fiber and be fed back to the computer 5. Adjusting the position of the distal end of the acupuncture LIBS probe B according to the imaging information: the computer controls a rotation control system on the actuating connector 10 through a micro-control system to change the direction of the far end of the LIBS probe B and position the region to be detected; and controlling an axial fine adjustment system on the actuating connector 10 to adjust the position of the focusing lens 22, so that the position to be measured is imaged clearly. The imaging position of the imaging unit and the laser focusing position are the same.
3. Laser induced and collected spectra
The computer 5 controls the gas device 4 to make a gas environment required for detecting the element to be detected through the gas input channel 19 and the gas output channel 21 (if the surface of the object to be detected exists in the liquid environment, the step can be moved to the position before the area to be detected is positioned); and (3) turning on a laser light source 7, focusing laser on the surface of the object to be measured after the laser passes through a light source coupler 9 and passes through an optical fiber and is focused by a focusing lens 22, reflecting the laser by a reflecting mirror 18 to generate plasma, collecting the plasma spectrum by a third optical fiber 17 after the plasma spectrum passes through the reflecting mirror 18 and the focusing lens 22, and transmitting the plasma spectrum to the spectrometer 1.
4. Processing and analysis
The spectrometer 1 feeds the spectrum information back to the computer 5, and the computer 5 analyzes the collected spectrum information to obtain the trace element information of the object to be detected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the structure of the present invention in any way. Any modification, substitution and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention shall be included in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A needle-prick type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system comprises a host system (A) and a needle-prick type LIBS probe (B), wherein the host system (A) consists of a spectrometer (1), a detector (2), a microcontroller (3), a gas device (4), a computer (5), a programmable time delay unit (6), a laser light source (7), an illumination light source (8), a light source coupling system (9) and an actuating connector (10), and is characterized in that the needle-prick type LIBS probe (B) is connected with the actuating connector (10), and the actuating connector (10) controls the needle-prick type LIBS probe (B) to rotate and move up and down so as to realize three-dimensional scanning;
the acupuncture LIBS probe (B) comprises a reflector (18), a sleeve (16), a third optical fiber (17) positioned in the sleeve (16), a focusing lens (22), a gas input channel (19) and a gas output channel (21); one end of the sleeve (16) is connected with the actuating connector (10), and the other end is provided with the reflecting mirror surface (18) to form a closed space; an air outlet hole and an air inlet hole are formed in the surface of the sleeve (16) and close to the end of the reflector (18), one end of the gas input channel (19) is connected with the actuating connector (10), the other end of the gas input channel is communicated with the air inlet hole, one end of the gas output channel (21) is connected with the actuating connector (10), and the other end of the gas output channel is communicated with the air outlet hole; one end of the third optical fiber (17) is connected with the actuating connector (10), the other end of the third optical fiber is connected with the focusing lens (22), and the third optical fiber (17), the focusing lens (22) and the reflector (18) are coaxial.
2. The needle-based endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to claim 1, wherein the actuation connector (10) comprises a metallic connector (23) for connecting the needle-based LIBS probe (B), a rotation control system and an axial micro-motion control system;
the rotation control system comprises a support rod (24), a bearing (25), a belt pulley (26), a pulley combination (27) and a rotating motor (29); a rotating shaft (28) of the rotating motor (29) drives a supporting rod (24) to rotate through a bearing (25), a belt pulley (26) and a pulley combination (27), and the supporting rod (24) is connected with a metal connector (23) so as to drive the acupuncture LIBS probe (B) to rotate for 360 degrees;
the axial micro-motion control system comprises a nut (30), a micro-adjustment screw rod (31) with an external thread and a micro motor (32); the nut (30) is connected with the metal connector (23), the fine adjustment screw (31) is connected with the third optical fiber (17), the external thread of the fine adjustment screw is meshed with the internal thread of the nut (30), and the micro motor (32) controls the linkage of the nut (30) and the fine adjustment screw (31) so as to control the axial displacement of the third optical fiber (17) in the needle-prick type LIBS probe (B);
the micro motor (32) and the rotating motor (29) are respectively connected with the micro system controller (3) through electric signals.
3. The needle puncture endoscopic laser induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to claim 2, wherein the axial micro-motion control system is connected to the third optical fiber (17) for controlling the cooperative axial motion of the third optical fiber (17) and the focusing lens (22) to change the distance between the focusing lens (22) and the mirror surface (18).
4. The needle puncture type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to claim 1, wherein: the gas device (4) is respectively connected with a gas input conduit (19) and a gas output conduit (21) through an input gas pipeline (12) and an output gas pipeline (13) and a connecting actuator (10), and can purge gas on the surface of an object to be detected for enhancing the intensity of excited plasma spectrum signals; if the surface of the object to be detected is located in the liquid environment, the gas device (4) blows water-insoluble gas into the input gas pipeline to blow away the liquid on the surface of the object to be detected, so that the influence of the liquid environment on the detection result is reduced; a plurality of gas medium environments are manufactured in the needle-punching LIBS probe (B) through input and output gas pipelines, and the medium environment requirements of laser detection elements to be detected with different wavelengths are met.
5. The needle puncture type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to claim 1, wherein: the focusing lens (17) is a hemispherical light-transmitting ball and is coated with an antireflection film.
6. The needle puncture type endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system according to claim 1, wherein: the air holes (20) are made of polytetrafluoroethylene and only allow air to pass through.
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| CN202010964835.4A CN112229830A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Endoscopic laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy system |
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| US20030229270A1 (en) * | 2002-06-05 | 2003-12-11 | Takayuki Suzuki | Endoscope apparatus and diagnosing method using it |
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Application publication date: 20210115 |