CN112229088A - Magnetic refrigeration device and magnetic refrigeration system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a magnetic refrigeration device and a magnetic refrigeration system. This magnetic refrigeration device includes the magnetic refrigeration subassembly, the magnetic refrigeration subassembly includes magnetic field generator (10), actuator (30) and magnetism regenerator (20), magnetism regenerator (20) include the magnetocaloric unit, actuator (30) are configured to adjust the relative position of magnetism regenerator (20) and magnetic field generator (10), the magnetocaloric unit includes two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the curie temperature difference of the magnetocaloric material in two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies, two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies set gradually along the direction of motion of magnetism regenerator (20). According to the magnetic refrigeration device, the magnetocaloric materials can be switched as required, so that the magnetocaloric materials in the access system are in a better working state, and the working performance of the magnetic refrigeration device is guaranteed.

Description

Magnetic refrigeration device and magnetic refrigeration system

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of magnetic refrigeration, in particular to a magnetic refrigeration device and a magnetic refrigeration system.

Background

A magnetic refrigeration apparatus is a device for refrigerating using physical properties of a magnetocaloric material, and the technical basis of the apparatus is the magnetocaloric effect of the magnetocaloric material, namely: when a changing magnetic field is applied to the magnetocaloric material, the temperature of the magnetocaloric material is increased or decreased, the magnetic entropy of the material is decreased when the magnetic field strength is increased, heat is released, the temperature is increased, and the magnetic entropy of the material is increased when the magnetic field strength is decreased, heat is absorbed, and the temperature is decreased. A magnetic refrigeration device is therefore generally required to have: the device comprises a variable magnetic field, a magnetic heat regenerator (used for placing magnetocaloric materials), a heat transfer fluid, a cold-end heat exchanger, a hot-end heat radiator and a matched power component.

The adiabatic temperature of the heat-insulating material in the regenerator is the biggest at its curie temperature, and the magnetocaloric effect is strongest, and the heat-insulating material of the heat-insulating material deviates from curie temperature department, and the magnetocaloric effect reduces, and when the regenerator was only filled a kind of heat-insulating material, the temperature of cold-insulating bed striden less, consequently striden for the temperature that improves the regenerator, should fill multiple magnetocaloric material in the regenerator, from the hot junction to the cold junction of regenerator, the curie temperature of the heat-insulating material reduces gradually.

The magnetic material is filled in the magnetic material magnetizing and demagnetizing area in the regenerator, the mass of the fluid flowing through the magnetic material area in the regenerator is not larger and better, the mass value of the fluid is related to the temperature span and the operating condition set by the magnetic refrigeration system, the pressure loss of the fluid flowing through the magnetic material is large, the power consumption of the piston is large, and when the length of the fluid flowing through the magnetic material area is longer, the pressure loss is larger, the power consumption of the piston is larger, and the energy efficiency of the fluid is lower. Therefore, when the magnetic refrigeration system is operated, the appropriate quality of the magnetocaloric material is determined according to the temperature span and the operating conditions of the magnetic refrigeration system.

In the known technology, the magnetocaloric materials in the magnetic refrigerator are fixed after being assembled, and the adjustment of the magnetocaloric materials cannot be performed according to the actual working environment temperature and the target temperature where the magnetic refrigeration system is located, so that the magnetic refrigeration system performs heat exchange by using all the preset magnetocaloric materials in any working state, which can cause that part of the magnetocaloric materials work at poor environment temperature, the magnetocaloric effect of the system is poor, and the overall refrigeration performance of the magnetic refrigeration system is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present application is to provide a magnetic refrigeration device and a magnetic refrigeration system, which can switch magnetocaloric materials as required, so that the magnetocaloric materials in the access system are in a better working state, and the working performance of the magnetic refrigeration device is ensured.

In order to solve the above problem, the present application provides a magnetic refrigeration device, including the magnetic refrigeration component, the magnetic refrigeration component includes magnetic field generator, actuator and magnetic regenerator, the magnetic regenerator includes the magnetocaloric unit, the actuator is configured to adjust the relative position of magnetic regenerator and magnetic field generator, the magnetocaloric unit includes two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material in two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies is different, two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies set gradually along the direction of motion of magnetic regenerator, the actuator is configured to adjust the relative position between the working area of magnetocaloric material subassembly and magnetic field generator.

Preferably, the magnetic regenerator further comprises a support, the magnetocaloric unit is mounted on the support, and the actuator is in driving connection with the support through a kinematic pair.

Preferably, the kinematic pair comprises a driven tooth and a driving gear, the driven tooth is arranged on one side of the support along the motion direction of the magnetic regenerator, the driving gear is arranged at the output end of the actuator, and the driving gear is in meshing transmission with the driven tooth.

Preferably, the magnetocaloric material component is provided with connecting holes at two ends along a flow direction of the heat transfer fluid, the arrangement direction of the magnetocaloric material component is perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid in the magnetocaloric material component, the support comprises two side plates and a connecting plate, the two ends of the magnetocaloric material component along the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid are respectively provided with the side plates, and the connecting plate is connected between the two side plates.

Preferably, the side plate is provided with an avoidance groove corresponding to the connecting hole; and/or the connecting plate is provided with a weight reduction groove.

Preferably, the driven teeth exceed the magnetocaloric unit by a preset length at the edge of the magnetocaloric unit on the side of the actuator.

Preferably, the magnetic field generator comprises two permanent magnets which are oppositely arranged, a working area is formed between the two permanent magnets at intervals, the two permanent magnets are fixed through a connecting frame, and the magnetic regenerator can move in a translation mode relative to the permanent magnets in the working area under the action of the actuator.

Preferably, the magnetocaloric materials packed in different magnetocaloric material packs have different morphologies.

Preferably, the magnetic field generator comprises a coil and a core, the coil is wound on the core, a working area is formed between two adjacent cores, and the magnetic regenerator can move in a translation mode relative to the core in the working area under the action of the actuator.

Preferably, the magnetic refrigeration assembly is a plurality of magnetic refrigeration assemblies, and the plurality of magnetic refrigeration assemblies are arranged in series along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid.

Preferably, the number of the magnetic refrigeration assemblies is multiple, and the multiple magnetic refrigeration assemblies are arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the magnetic regenerator.

Preferably, the number of the magnetic refrigeration components is multiple, the multiple magnetic refrigeration components are divided into at least two groups, the magnetic refrigeration components in the same group are arranged in series along the flowing direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the magnetic refrigeration components in each group are arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the magnetic regenerator.

Preferably, the magnetic refrigeration component comprises a first component, a second component and a third component, wherein the magnetocaloric unit of the first component is filled with a high-temperature section magnetocaloric material, the magnetocaloric unit of the second component is filled with a normal-temperature section magnetocaloric material, and the magnetocaloric unit of the third component is filled with a low-temperature section magnetocaloric material, wherein the curie temperature of the high-temperature section magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the normal-temperature section magnetocaloric material, and the curie temperature of the normal-temperature section magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the low-temperature section magnetocaloric material.

Preferably, the magnetic refrigeration subassembly includes first subassembly, second subassembly and third subassembly, first subassembly, the structure of second subassembly and third subassembly is the same, first subassembly includes first magnetocaloric material subassembly, second magnetocaloric material subassembly and third magnetocaloric material subassembly, high temperature section magnetocaloric material is filled to first magnetocaloric material subassembly, normal atmospheric temperature section magnetocaloric material is filled to second magnetocaloric material subassembly, low temperature section magnetocaloric material is filled to third magnetocaloric material subassembly, wherein the Curie temperature of high temperature section magnetocaloric material is greater than the Curie temperature of normal atmospheric temperature section magnetocaloric material, the Curie temperature of normal atmospheric temperature section magnetocaloric material is greater than the Curie temperature of low temperature section magnetocaloric material.

Preferably, the magnetocaloric material in the high-temperature stage is a granular magnetocaloric material, the magnetocaloric material in the normal-temperature stage is a plate magnetocaloric material, and the magnetocaloric material in the low-temperature stage is a microchannel magnetocaloric material.

Preferably, the magnetic field generator comprises a permanent magnet stator and a permanent magnet rotor, an annular working area is formed between the permanent magnet stator and the permanent magnet rotor, the magnetic regenerator is arranged in the working area, the actuator is in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor to drive the permanent magnet rotor to rotate, and a variable magnetic field is formed in the working area through the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor.

Preferably, the magnetocaloric material assembly comprises a box body and a box cover, a cavity is formed between the box body and the box cover, the magnetocaloric material is filled in the cavity, a connecting hole is formed in the box cover, and a flow passage hole is formed in the magnetocaloric material.

Preferably, the actuator comprises a motor and a spindle, the motor being in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor via the spindle.

According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a magnetic refrigeration system comprising a magnetic refrigeration device as described above.

Preferably, the magnetic refrigeration system further comprises a pump, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the magnetic refrigeration device comprises a first magnetic refrigeration device and a second magnetic refrigeration device, the pump, the first magnetic refrigeration device, the first heat exchanger, the second magnetic refrigeration device and the second heat exchanger are sequentially connected to form a fluid loop, connecting holes in the magnetocaloric material assemblies of the first magnetic refrigeration device are connected with the first heat exchanger through a first four-way control valve, and connecting holes in the magnetocaloric material assemblies of the second magnetic refrigeration device are connected with the first heat exchanger through a second four-way control valve.

The application provides a magnetic refrigeration device, including the magnetic refrigeration subassembly, the magnetic refrigeration subassembly includes magnetic field generator, actuator and magnetism regenerator, the magnetism regenerator includes the magnetocaloric unit, the actuator is configured to the relative position who adjusts magnetism regenerator and magnetic field generator, the magnetocaloric unit includes two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material in two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies is different, two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies set gradually along the direction of motion of magnetism regenerator, the actuator is configured to the relative position between the work area of adjusting magnetocaloric material subassembly and magnetic field generator. This magnetic refrigeration device can adjust the relative position of magnetism regenerator and magnetic field generator according to operating condition, adjust the operating position of different magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the magnetocaloric material that makes to be located in magnetic field generator's working area changes, the magnetocaloric material through being located in magnetic field generator's working area switches, the magnetocaloric material that makes to be located magnetic field generator's working area under the different operating condition is different, thereby make the magnetocaloric material that is in working condition can be in best working condition, can guarantee magnetic refrigeration device's working property.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a magnetic refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a magnetic refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a magnetocaloric unit of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a perspective view of a magnetic regenerator of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application in a first state;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a magnetic refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of the present application in a second state;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a magnetic refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the magnetic refrigeration unit according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional structural view of a magnetic refrigeration unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present application.

The reference numerals are represented as:

01. a first component; 02. a second component; 03. a third component; 1. a pump; 2a, a first magnetic refrigeration device; 2b, a second magnetic refrigeration device; 3a, a first heat exchanger; 3b, a second heat exchanger; 4a, a first four-way control valve; 4b, a second four-way control valve; 10. a magnetic field generator; 11. an avoidance groove; 12. a weight reduction groove; 20. a magnetic regenerator; 21. a first magnetocaloric material component; 22. a second magnetocaloric material component; 23. a third magnetocaloric material component; 24. a support; 25. a driven tooth; 26. a side plate; 27. a connecting plate; 28. connecting holes; 30. an actuator; 31. a drive gear; 41. a pipe joint; 51. a permanent magnet stator; 52. a permanent magnet rotor; 61. a box cover; 62. a box body; 621. a flow passage hole; 63. a magnetocaloric material; 70. a main shaft; 80. an electric motor.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 13 in combination, according to an embodiment of the present application, a magnetic refrigeration apparatus includes a magnetic refrigeration assembly including a magnetic field generator 10, an actuator 30, and a magnetic regenerator 20, the magnetic regenerator 20 includes a magnetocaloric unit, the actuator 30 is configured to adjust a relative position of the magnetic regenerator 20 and the magnetic field generator 10, the magnetocaloric unit includes at least two magnetocaloric material assemblies, curie temperatures of magnetocaloric materials 63 in the at least two magnetocaloric material assemblies are different, the at least two magnetocaloric material assemblies are sequentially disposed along a movement direction of the magnetic regenerator 20, and the actuator 30 is configured to adjust a relative position between the magnetocaloric material assemblies and a working region of the magnetic field generator 10.

This magnetic refrigeration device can adjust the relative position of magnetic regenerator 20 and magnetic field generator 10 according to operating condition, adjust the operating position of different magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the magnetocaloric material that makes to be located in the working area of magnetic field generator 10 changes, through switching the magnetocaloric material that is located in the working area of magnetic field generator 10, the magnetocaloric material that makes to be located in the working area of magnetic field generator 10 under different operating condition is different, thereby make the magnetocaloric material that is in working condition can be in the best working condition, can guarantee magnetic refrigeration device's working property.

The magnetic refrigeration device in this embodiment, when switching of the magnetocaloric material in the working area is performed, the whole motion of the magnetic regenerator 20 relative to the magnetic field generator 10 is used to realize the switching, so that the magnetocaloric material component in the magnetic regenerator 20 is in a fixed state, a structure capable of moving relatively is not required to be set between the magnetocaloric material component and the box body or the shell of the magnetic regenerator 20, an additional actuator is not required to be added in the magnetic regenerator 20, the relationship between the arrangement direction of the magnetocaloric material component and the motion direction of the magnetic regenerator 20 is utilized, the switching of the magnetocaloric material in the working area can be realized only by the motion of the magnetic regenerator 20, and the structure of the magnetic regenerator 20 is simpler and is easier to realize.

The magnetic field generator 10 magnetizes or demagnetizes the magnetocaloric material in the working area of the magnetic regenerator 20 to generate magnetocaloric effect to generate cold and heat, and then transfers the cold and heat to the cold and heat end heat exchanger through the heat transfer fluid in the piping system for heat exchange. The magnetic field generator 10 and the actuator 30 in the magnetic refrigerator are stationary with respect to the housing of the magnetic refrigerator, while the magnetic regenerator 20 is moving with respect to the housing of the magnetic refrigerator.

The regenerator 20 further comprises a frame 24, the magnetocaloric unit being mounted on the frame 24, and the actuator 30 being drivingly connected to the frame 24 via a kinematic pair. The plurality of magnetocaloric material components of the magnetocaloric unit are all fixedly mounted on the support 24, so as to form an integrated structure, and can be driven by the kinematic pair under the driving action of the actuator 30, thereby realizing the switching of the magnetocaloric material in the working area. The support 24 serves, on the one hand, to connect the plurality of magnetocaloric material modules of the magnetocaloric unit and, on the other hand, may be part of a power transmission mechanism that drives the magnetic regenerator 20 in motion.

In one embodiment, the kinematic pair comprises a driven tooth 25 and a driving gear 31, one side of the bracket 24 is provided with the driven tooth 25 along the movement direction of the magnetic regenerator 20, the output end of the actuator 30 is provided with the driving gear 31, and the driving gear 31 is in meshing transmission with the driven tooth 25. In this embodiment, the kinematic pair is a rack-and-pinion mechanism, and the adjustment of the movement position of the magnetic regenerator 20 is realized through the cooperation of the gear and the rack.

In other embodiments, the kinematic pair may be a crank-link mechanism, a slider-crank mechanism, a slider-cam mechanism, or the like.

The actuator 30 in this embodiment is a rotary actuator, such as a motor, etc., and is provided with a driving gear 31, the driving gear 31 is engaged with a rack structure disposed on the support 24 of the regenerator component, and the engagement structure of the rack and the gear converts the rotary motion of the rotary actuator into the linear motion of the magnetic regenerator 20, so that the magnetic regenerator 20 can perform the linear reciprocating motion, thereby realizing the switching of different magnetocaloric materials.

The magnetocaloric material component is provided with connecting holes 28 at both ends along the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid, the arrangement direction of the magnetocaloric material component is perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid in the magnetocaloric material component, the support 24 includes two side plates 26 and a connecting plate 27, the side plates 26 are respectively provided at both ends of the magnetocaloric material component along the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid, and the connecting plate 27 is connected between the two side plates 26.

The curb plate 26 that is located the first end of heat transfer fluid flow direction of magnetocaloric material subassembly links together the first end of a plurality of magnetocaloric material subassemblies in same magnetocaloric unit jointly, the curb plate 26 that is located the heat transfer fluid flow direction second end of magnetocaloric material subassembly links together the second end of a plurality of magnetocaloric material subassemblies in the same magnetocaloric unit jointly, then the curb plate 26 at both ends passes through the connecting plate 27 and links together, thereby make and form reliable and stable connection structure between each magnetocaloric material subassembly, make things convenient for magnetism regenerator 20 to form monolithic structure, be convenient for effectively adjust the position of regenerator 20, also be convenient for adjust the cooperation relation between magnetocaloric material subassembly and the magnetic field work area. The connection hole 28 is used to communicate the heat transfer fluid line with the inside of the magnetocaloric material assembly, so that the heat transfer fluid can flow into the inside of the magnetocaloric material assembly to exchange heat with the magnetocaloric material.

In one embodiment, the side plate 26 is provided with an escape groove 11 at a position corresponding to the coupling hole 28. The avoiding groove 11 is used for avoiding the position of the connecting hole 28, so that the position of the connecting hole 28 is prevented from being blocked, and the connection between the heat exchange fluid pipeline and the connecting hole 28 is conveniently realized. The connecting hole 28 can be provided with a pipeline joint 41, so that the quick connection with a heat exchange fluid pipeline can be realized, and the connecting and disassembling efficiency is improved.

The pipeline joint 41 is of an elbow structure and is located in the avoidance groove 11, so that the fluid pipeline extends along the end face direction of the magnetocaloric material component and is connected with the pipeline joint 41, the internal space of the avoidance groove 11 can be fully utilized to realize the arrangement of the heat exchange fluid pipeline, the space occupation of the heat exchange fluid pipeline is reduced, and meanwhile, the problem of interference between the heat exchange fluid pipeline and the magnetic field generator 10 in the motion process of the magnetic regenerator 20 can be effectively avoided. The pipe joint 41 is connected to the magnetic regenerator 20 in a manner similar to that of a rotary regenerator in a conventional magnetic refrigeration system.

The weight-reducing grooves 12 are formed in the connecting plate 27, so that the weight of the bracket 24 can be reduced, the magnetic regenerator 20 can be lightened, and the material consumption can be reduced.

The driven tooth 25 exceeds the magnetocaloric unit by a preset length at the edge of the magnetocaloric unit on the side of the actuator 30. Specifically, in this embodiment, the length of the side plate 26 is greater than the total width of the magnetocaloric unit along the arrangement direction of the magnetocaloric material assemblies, and exceeds one end to preset the length, the driven gear 25 is disposed at one side edge of the side plate 26, a rack structure matched with the driving gear 31 is formed, because the length of the rack structure is greater than the total width of the magnetocaloric material assemblies, the allowance can flow out, so that the driven gear 25 and the driving gear 31 have sufficient matching length therebetween, it can be ensured that each magnetocaloric material assembly can be completely located in the working area, and the performance of the magnetocaloric material assemblies can be fully exerted. Since the length of the driven teeth 25 exceeds the total width of the magnetocaloric material components in the arrangement direction, a gap is formed between the connecting plate 27 and the edge of the magnetocaloric unit on the side of the actuator 30 in this embodiment, and the gap does not need to be too large, and only the magnetocaloric material components on the side of the magnetocaloric unit on the actuator 30 can be ensured to be completely located in the working area.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generator 10 includes two permanent magnets disposed opposite to each other, a working area is formed between the two permanent magnets at intervals, the two permanent magnets are fixed by a connecting frame, and the magnetic regenerator 20 can move in a translational manner relative to the permanent magnets in the working area under the action of the actuator 30.

Since the magnetic field generator 10 adopted by the magnetic refrigeration apparatus of the present embodiment is a permanent magnet magnetic field generator, its own magnetic field is a fixed and unchangeable magnetic field, and a changing magnetic field relative to the magnetic regenerator 20 can be generated only by performing a relative motion between the magnetic field generator 10 and the magnetic regenerator 20. The method for generating the variable magnetic field in this embodiment is to drive the magnetic regenerator 20 to reciprocate through the actuator 30, so as to magnetize and demagnetize the magnetocaloric material in the magnetic regenerator 20.

This approach has the following advantages:

1. the actuator 30 for switching the magnetocaloric material component is the same as the actuator 30 for driving the magnetic regenerator 20 to move relative to the magnetic field generator 10, and the power transmission mechanism is completely the same, so that the application is not added with an independent power source while the switching function of the magnetocaloric materials with different curie temperatures is increased, the system efficiency of the whole machine is higher, the structure is more compact, and the function is more comprehensive.

2. The generation of the varying magnetic field by driving the magnetic regenerator 20 is advantageous over driving a magnet because the magnetic regenerator 20 has a smaller overall size than a magnet, and thus driving the magnetic regenerator 20 can reduce power consumption better.

In this embodiment, the magnetocaloric material assemblies include a first magnetocaloric material assembly 21, a second magnetocaloric material assembly 22, and a third magnetocaloric material assembly 23, and the first magnetocaloric material assembly 21, the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22, and the third magnetocaloric material assembly 23 are filled with different magnetocaloric materials.

Specifically, the first magnetocaloric material component 21 is filled with a high-temperature magnetocaloric material, the second magnetocaloric material component 22 is filled with a normal-temperature magnetocaloric material, and the third magnetocaloric material component 23 is filled with a low-temperature magnetocaloric material, wherein the curie temperature of the high-temperature magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the normal-temperature magnetocaloric material, and the curie temperature of the normal-temperature magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the low-temperature magnetocaloric material. The temperature segmentation of the high-temperature-segment magnetocaloric material, the normal-temperature-segment magnetocaloric material and the low-temperature-segment magnetocaloric material is not constant and can be adjusted by workers according to actual needs, or calculated by a controller according to application regions of a magnetic refrigeration device and the like.

The magnetic thermal material assemblies are isolated from each other through the box bodies of the magnetic thermal material assemblies, and the structures of the magnetic thermal material assemblies are not communicated with each other. The magnetic refrigeration system comprises a box body, wherein the box body is internally filled with magnetic thermal materials with different Curie temperatures, so that the magnetic thermal materials connected with a heat exchange fluid pipeline are all in the Curie temperature range corresponding to the magnetic thermal materials when the magnetic refrigeration system is in different working environment temperatures, and the magnetic refrigeration system is ensured to have higher energy efficiency.

The magnetic refrigeration device is applied to a magnetic refrigeration system and can realize switching of multiple working modes, and the specific introduction is as follows:

when the ambient temperature is high, the magnetic refrigeration system receives the ambient temperature value through the ambient temperature sensor, and then the controller controls the actuator 30 to drive the magnetic regenerator 20 to a position where the first magnetocaloric material assembly 21 is located in the working area of the magnetic field generator 10, so that the heat exchange fluid pipeline is communicated with the first magnetocaloric material assembly 21 at the high temperature section. In this state, the regenerator member is driven to move left and right by the actuator 30, so that the relative movement range of the magnetic field generator 10 is within the regions of the first and second magnetocaloric material assemblies 21 and 22 on the magnetic regenerator 20.

When the ambient temperature approaches the target cooling value, the magnetic cooling system receives the ambient temperature value through the ambient temperature sensor, and then the controller controls the actuator 30 to drive the magnetic regenerator 20 to a position where the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 is located in the working area of the magnetic field generator 10, so that the heat exchange fluid pipeline is communicated with the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 at the normal temperature stage. In this state, the regenerator part is driven to move left and right by the actuator 30 so that the relative movement range of the magnetic field generator 10 is in the regions of the first and second magnetocaloric material assemblies 21 and 22 or the regions of the second and third magnetocaloric material assemblies 22 and 23 on the magnetic regenerator 20.

When the ambient temperature approaches the target cooling value, the magnetic cooling system receives the ambient temperature value through the ambient temperature sensor, and then the controller controls the actuator 30 to drive the magnetic regenerator 20 to a position where the third magnetocaloric material assembly 23 is located in the working area of the magnetic field generator 10, so that the heat exchange fluid pipeline is communicated with the third magnetocaloric material assembly 23 at the low temperature stage. In this state, the regenerator member is driven to move left and right by the actuator 30 so that the relative movement range of the magnetic field generator 10 is within the regions of the second and third magnetocaloric material assemblies 22 and 23 on the magnetic regenerator 20.

In addition to the above-mentioned 3 basic modes, the heat exchange fluid circuit can be simultaneously connected to two adjacent magnetocaloric material assemblies, so that when the regenerator moves relative to the magnetic field generator 10, both of the two magnetocaloric material assemblies within the relative movement range of the magnetic field generator 10 are in the working state, and the refrigeration performance is further improved, for example, the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 and the third magnetocaloric material assembly 23 are simultaneously connected to the fluid heat exchange fluid circuit, or the first magnetocaloric material assembly 21 and the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 are simultaneously connected to the fluid heat exchange fluid circuit.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generator 10 comprises a coil and a core, the coil being wound around the core, adjacent two cores forming a working area therebetween, and the magnetic regenerator 20 being capable of translating relative to the core within the working area under the action of the actuator 30. In this embodiment, the magnetic field generator is an electromagnetic ferromagnetic field generator, and the changing magnetic field is generated by changing current, so the actuator 30 in this embodiment only serves as a switching magnetocaloric material component, and connects different magnetocaloric material components to the heat exchange fluid pipeline.

In one embodiment, the different magnetocaloric material packs are filled with different magnetocaloric materials having different morphologies. The first magnetocaloric material pack 21 is filled with granular magnetocaloric materials, the second magnetocaloric material pack 22 is filled with plate-like magnetocaloric materials, and the third magnetocaloric material pack 23 is filled with blocks of magnetocaloric materials having microchannels. Because the magnetocaloric materials with different morphologies have different heat exchange effects and different pressure losses, the system can select the magnetocaloric materials with different morphologies to be connected into the working flow path according to the actual working conditions so as to ensure that the system has better refrigeration performance.

In one embodiment, the number of the magnetic refrigeration assemblies is multiple, and the multiple magnetic refrigeration assemblies are arranged in series along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid to realize multi-stage refrigeration. In order to improve the refrigerating capacity of the magnetic refrigerating device, different magnetocaloric materials with different curie temperatures and/or different morphologies can be filled in different magnetocaloric material assemblies of different magnetocaloric units, so that the magnetic refrigerating device can have larger refrigerating capacity and more flexible collocation.

In one embodiment, the magnetic refrigeration assembly includes a first assembly 01, a second assembly 02 and a third assembly 03, the first assembly 01, the second assembly 02 and the third assembly 03 have the same structure, the first assembly 01 includes a first magnetocaloric material assembly 21, a second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 and a third magnetocaloric material assembly 23, the first magnetocaloric material assembly 21 is filled with a high-temperature magnetocaloric material, the second magnetocaloric material assembly 22 is filled with a normal-temperature magnetocaloric material, and the third magnetocaloric material assembly 23 is filled with a low-temperature magnetocaloric material, wherein the curie temperature of the high-temperature magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the normal-temperature magnetocaloric material, and the curie temperature of the normal-temperature magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the low-temperature magnetocaloric material.

According to the functions of the magnetic refrigeration components, the magnetic refrigeration device in the embodiment can have the following magnetocaloric material matching modes:

TABLE 1 magnetocaloric Material arrangement Table

Mode 1

Mode 2

Mode 3

Mode 4

Mode 5

Mode 6

Mode 7

Mode 8

First module 01

High temperature section

High temperature section

High temperature section

High temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Low temperature section

First component

02

High temperature section

High temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Low temperature section

Low temperature section

First component

03

High temperature section

Normal temperature section

Normal temperature section

Low temperature section

Normal temperature section

Low temperature section

Low temperature section

Low temperature section

The matching modes of different Curie temperatures in the table have different refrigeration performances, and different refrigeration purposes can be achieved. As shown in the modes 1, 5, and 8, the magnetic refrigeration system can be adjusted to the three modes at the working temperatures corresponding to the three magnetocaloric materials in the high-temperature stage, the normal-temperature stage, and the low-temperature stage, so as to exert the maximum refrigeration capacity of the magnetic refrigeration system; in the modes 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7, the magnetic refrigeration system can achieve the purpose of rapid refrigeration by adjusting to the corresponding magnetocaloric material configuration under different refrigeration temperature span requirements.

In addition, the magnetocaloric material component in a single magnetocaloric unit can be one of the magnetocaloric material components independently connected to the heat exchange system for working, or two adjacent magnetocaloric material components connected to the heat exchange system for working. When only one magnetocaloric material component of a single magnetocaloric unit is connected to the heat exchange system, different collocation conditions are as shown in table 1 above, and when two magnetocaloric material components of a single magnetocaloric element are connected to the system, the magnetic refrigeration system can have stronger refrigeration capacity, because the magnetocaloric material connected to the magnetic refrigeration system of the latter is twice as much as that of the former.

The different magnetocaloric material components in the magnetocaloric unit in this embodiment have both different curie temperatures and different material morphologies. For example, in one embodiment, the magnetic refrigeration assembly includes a first assembly 01, a second assembly 02, and a third assembly 03, wherein all of the magnetocaloric units of the first assembly 01 are filled with a high-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, all of the magnetocaloric units of the second assembly 02 are filled with a normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, and all of the magnetocaloric units of the third assembly 03 are filled with a low-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, wherein a curie temperature of the high-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is greater than a curie temperature of the normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, and the curie temperature of the normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie. Meanwhile, granular magnetocaloric materials are respectively filled in the three magnetocaloric material assemblies of the first assembly 01, platy magnetocaloric materials are respectively filled in the three magnetocaloric material assemblies of the second assembly 02, and microchannel magnetocaloric materials are respectively filled in the three magnetocaloric material assemblies of the third assembly 03. Therefore, the magnetic refrigeration system can select the magnetocaloric materials with different shapes to be connected into the system according to different working conditions, so that the system has better refrigeration performance.

In one embodiment, the number of the magnetic refrigeration components is multiple, and the multiple magnetic refrigeration components are arranged in parallel along a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the magnetic regenerator 20, so that multiple heat exchange flow paths connected in parallel can be formed, the heat exchange amount can be further increased, the flow path of the heat exchange fluid can be reduced, and the flow resistance of the heat exchange fluid flowing in the magnetocaloric material can be reduced.

In one embodiment, the number of the magnetic refrigeration components is multiple, the plurality of magnetic refrigeration components are divided into at least two groups, the magnetic refrigeration components in the same group are arranged in series along the flowing direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the magnetic refrigeration components in each group are arranged in parallel along the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the magnetic regenerator 20.

In this embodiment, through establishing ties and parallelly connected in order to realize multistage refrigeration a plurality of magnetic refrigeration subassemblies, the connection arrangement mode of a plurality of magnetic refrigeration subassemblies is not only the mode that arranges along the fluid flow direction in the magnetocaloric material subassembly, and the mode that the perpendicular to fluid flow direction was arranged in addition, and this can make magnetic refrigeration device compacter, can merge into a magnetic field generator of "saying" the style of calligraphy with magnetic field generator 10 of two magnetic refrigeration subassemblies adjacent from top to bottom simultaneously, further makes magnetic refrigeration subassembly compacter.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field generator 10 includes a permanent magnet stator 51 and a permanent magnet rotor 52, an annular working area is formed between the permanent magnet stator 51 and the permanent magnet rotor 52, the magnetic regenerator 20 is disposed in the working area, the actuator 30 is in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor 52, drives the permanent magnet rotor 52 to rotate, and forms a variable magnetic field in the working area through the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor 52. The actuator 30 comprises a motor 80 and a spindle 70, the motor 80 being in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor 52 via the spindle 70. The magnetic field generator 10 of the present embodiment rotates to generate a changing magnetic field, the whole magnetic regenerator 20 is also in an annular structure and forms a segmented magnetocaloric unit, and a plurality of magnetocaloric units are sequentially connected end to form an annular structure.

The motor 80 is connected with the permanent magnet rotor 52 through the main shaft 70, and the motor 80 drives the permanent magnet rotor to rotate through driving the main shaft, so that the permanent magnet rotor 52 and the permanent magnet stator 51 generate relative rotation movement, and further a changing magnetic field is generated in an annular area where the regenerator is located. Therefore, when the permanent magnet rotor 52 rotates to the phase of the corresponding magnetocaloric material component, it is magnetized, so that the magnetocaloric material inside it generates heat; when the permanent magnet rotor 52 is far away from the magnetocaloric material assembly, it is demagnetized, so that the magnetocaloric material therein generates cold.

The magnetocaloric material component comprises a box body 62 and a box cover 61, a cavity is formed between the box body 62 and the box cover 61, the magnetocaloric material 63 is filled in the cavity, a connecting hole 28 is formed in the box cover 61, a flow passage hole 621 is formed in the magnetocaloric material, the connecting hole 28 corresponds to the flow passage hole 621, heat exchange fluid can enter the flow passage hole 621 through the connecting hole 28 and exchange heat with the magnetocaloric material 63, and then flows out from the connecting hole 28 at the other end through the flow passage hole 621.

Since the permanent magnet rotor adopts a unidirectional rotation driving mode, a separate actuator 30 is not needed to drive the magnetic regenerator 20 to perform motion switching, and only the selection communication of the needed magnetocaloric material components is needed through a four-way valve. Wherein the heat exchange fluid pipe is connected to the flow passage hole 621 through the connection holes 28 at both ends of the magnetocaloric material module.

According to an embodiment of the application, the magnetic refrigeration system comprises a magnetic refrigeration device, and the magnetic refrigeration device is the magnetic refrigeration device.

The magnetic refrigeration system further comprises a pump 1, a first heat exchanger 3a and a second heat exchanger 3b, the magnetic refrigeration device comprises a first magnetic refrigeration device 2a and a second magnetic refrigeration device 2b, the pump 1, the first magnetic refrigeration device 2a, the first heat exchanger 3a, the second magnetic refrigeration device 2b and the second heat exchanger 3b are sequentially connected to form a fluid loop, connecting holes 28 in the magnetocaloric material components of the first magnetic refrigeration device 2a are connected with the first heat exchanger 3a through a first four-way control valve 4a, and connecting holes 28 in the magnetocaloric material components of the second magnetic refrigeration device 2b are connected with the first heat exchanger 3a through a second four-way control valve 4 b.

One interface of the first four-way control valve 4a is connected with the first heat exchanger 3a, and the other three interfaces are respectively connected with the connecting holes 28 on the first magnetocaloric material component 21, the second magnetocaloric material component 22 and the third magnetocaloric material component 23, so that in the working process, the working magnetocaloric material component and the non-working magnetocaloric material component can be selected according to the needs, the working magnetocaloric material components are communicated with the heat exchange fluid pipeline at the end of the first heat exchanger 3a, the branch circuit where the non-working magnetocaloric material components are located is closed, no heat exchange fluid flows through the non-working magnetocaloric material components, so that different magnetocaloric materials can be connected into the heat exchange fluid pipeline of the magnetic refrigeration system, the magnetocaloric materials connected into the heat exchange fluid pipeline are in the optimal working state, and the pressure resistance system reaches the required optimal state, to ensure optimum refrigeration performance of the system.

When the actuator 30 switches a certain magnetocaloric material module in the magnetic regenerator 20 to an operating state, the four-way control valve in the system connects the branch flow path corresponding to the magnetocaloric material module in the operating state with the main flow path, so that the heat exchange fluid can flow through the magnetocaloric material module and exchange heat with the magnetocaloric material therein, thereby implementing the cooling or heating function of the magnetic refrigeration system.

It is readily understood by a person skilled in the art that the advantageous ways described above can be freely combined, superimposed without conflict.

The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present application, and these modifications and variations should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (20)

1. The utility model provides a magnetic refrigeration device, its characterized in that, includes the magnetic refrigeration subassembly, the magnetic refrigeration subassembly includes magnetic field generator (10), actuator (30) and magnetism regenerator (20), magnetism regenerator (20) includes the magnetocaloric unit, actuator (30) are configured to adjust magnetism regenerator (20) with the relative position of magnetic field generator (10), the magnetocaloric unit includes two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies, the curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material in two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies is different, two at least magnetocaloric material subassemblies along the direction of motion of magnetism regenerator (20) sets gradually.

2. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic regenerator (20) further comprises a support (24), the magnetocaloric unit being mounted on the support (24), the actuator (30) being drivingly connected to the support (24) by a kinematic pair.

3. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 2, characterized in that the kinematic pair comprises a driven tooth (25) and a driving gear (31), one side of the support (24) is provided with the driven tooth (25) along the movement direction of the magnetic regenerator (20), the output end of the actuator (30) is provided with the driving gear (31), and the driving gear (31) is in meshing transmission with the driven tooth (25).

4. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetocaloric material assembly is provided with connection holes (28) at both ends along a flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, the arrangement direction of the magnetocaloric material assembly is perpendicular to the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid in the magnetocaloric material assembly, the support (24) comprises two side plates (26) and a connection plate (27), the side plates (26) are respectively provided at both ends along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid in the magnetocaloric material assembly, and the connection plate (27) is connected between the two side plates (26).

5. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 4, characterized in that the side plate (26) is provided with an avoiding groove (11) at a position corresponding to the connection hole (28); and/or the connecting plate (27) is provided with a weight reduction groove (12).

6. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 3, characterized in that the edge of the driven tooth (25) on the side of the magnetocaloric unit on which the actuator (30) is located exceeds the magnetocaloric unit by a preset length.

7. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic field generator (10) comprises two permanent magnets arranged opposite to each other, a working area is formed between the two permanent magnets at intervals, the two permanent magnets are fixed by a connecting frame, and the magnetic regenerator (20) can move in translation relative to the permanent magnets in the working area under the action of the actuator (30).

8. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the morphology of the magnetocaloric material filling the different magnetocaloric material packs is different.

9. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic field generator (10) comprises coils and cores, the coils being wound on the cores, adjacent two of the cores forming a working area therebetween, the magnetic regenerator (20) being capable of translating relative to the cores within the working area under the action of the actuator (30).

10. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the magnetic refrigeration assembly is plural and the plural magnetic refrigeration assemblies are arranged in series along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid.

11. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic refrigeration assembly is plural and is arranged in parallel along a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the magnetic regenerator (20).

12. A magnetic refrigeration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnetic refrigeration components are plural, the plural magnetic refrigeration components are divided into at least two groups, the magnetic refrigeration components in the same group are arranged in series along the flow direction of the heat exchange fluid, and the magnetic refrigeration components in each group are arranged in parallel in a group along a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the magnetic regenerator (20).

13. The magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic refrigeration component comprises a first component (01), a second component (02) and a third component (03), the magnetocaloric unit of the first component (01) is filled with a high-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, the magnetocaloric unit of the second component (02) is filled with a normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, and the magnetocaloric unit of the third component (03) is filled with a low-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, wherein the curie temperature of the high-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material, and the curie temperature of the normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is greater than the curie temperature of the low-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material.

14. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 10, characterized in that the magnetic refrigeration assembly comprises a first assembly (01), a second assembly (02) and a third assembly (03), the first component (01), the second component (02) and the third component (03) have the same structure, the first module (01) comprising a first module (21), a second module (22) and a third module (23) of magnetocaloric material, the first magnetocaloric material component (21) is filled with a high-temperature magnetocaloric material, the second magnetocaloric material component (22) is filled with a normal-temperature magnetocaloric material, and the third magnetocaloric material component (23) is filled with a low-temperature magnetocaloric material, the Curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material at the high-temperature section is higher than that of the magnetocaloric material at the normal-temperature section, and the Curie temperature of the magnetocaloric material at the normal-temperature section is higher than that of the magnetocaloric material at the low-temperature section.

15. A magnetic refrigeration apparatus according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the high-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is a granular magnetocaloric material, the normal-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is a plate magnetocaloric material, and the low-temperature-stage magnetocaloric material is a microchannel magnetocaloric material.

16. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic field generator (10) comprises a permanent magnet stator (51) and a permanent magnet rotor (52), an annular working area is formed between the permanent magnet stator (51) and the permanent magnet rotor (52), the magnetic regenerator (20) is arranged in the working area, the actuator (30) is in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor (52), drives the permanent magnet rotor (52) to rotate, and forms a changing magnetic field in the working area through the rotation of the permanent magnet rotor (52).

17. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 16, characterized in that the magnetocaloric material assembly comprises a box body (62) and a box cover (61), a cavity is formed between the box body (62) and the box cover (61), the magnetocaloric material is filled in the cavity, a connection hole (28) is provided on the box cover (61), and a flow passage hole (621) is provided in the magnetocaloric material.

18. A magnetic refrigeration device according to claim 16, characterized in that the actuator (30) comprises a motor (80) and a main shaft (70), the motor (80) being in driving connection with the permanent magnet rotor (52) through the main shaft (70).

19. A magnetic refrigeration system comprising a magnetic refrigeration device, wherein the magnetic refrigeration device is a magnetic refrigeration device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

20. The magnetic refrigeration system according to claim 19, further comprising a pump (1), a first heat exchanger (3a) and a second heat exchanger (3b), the magnetic refrigeration device comprises a first magnetic refrigeration device (2a) and a second magnetic refrigeration device (2b), the pump (1), the first magnetic refrigeration device (2a), the first heat exchanger (3a), the second magnetic refrigeration device (2b) and the second heat exchanger (3b) are connected in sequence to form a fluid loop, the connecting hole (28) on each magnetocaloric material component of the first magnetic refrigeration device (2a) is connected with the first heat exchanger (3a) through a first four-way control valve (4a), and the connecting hole (28) on each magnetocaloric material component of the second magnetic refrigeration device (2b) is connected with the first heat exchanger (3a) through a second four-way control valve (4 b).

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