CN112228165A - Speed regulating method and system for steam turbine and storage medium - Google Patents
Speed regulating method and system for steam turbine and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN112228165A CN112228165A CN202011095737.8A CN202011095737A CN112228165A CN 112228165 A CN112228165 A CN 112228165A CN 202011095737 A CN202011095737 A CN 202011095737A CN 112228165 A CN112228165 A CN 112228165A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/02—Shutting-down responsive to overspeed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/01—Purpose of the control system
- F05D2270/02—Purpose of the control system to control rotational speed (n)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for regulating the speed of a steam turbine and a storage medium, wherein the method for regulating the speed of the steam turbine comprises the following steps: monitoring the actual rotating speed, receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points, and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed at the multiple points; the rotating speed control is used for receiving the rising rate and the target rotating speed of the steam turbine, increasing the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the rising rate and controlling the actual rotating speed to be the target rotating speed; and (4) overspeed protection, receiving a rotating speed upper limit threshold value, judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, and if so, sending an alarm signal. The rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored in real time, and the timeliness of data acquisition is guaranteed; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; and a rotating speed upper limit threshold value is set, and when the actual rotating speed is monitored to exceed the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, an alarm signal is sent out, so that the problem that the reaction of workers is not timely is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine control, in particular to a speed regulating method and system of a steam turbine and a storage medium.
Background
The steam turbine is a rotary steam power device, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam drives a rotor provided with blade rows to rotate and simultaneously does work outwards. Steam turbines are the main equipment of modern thermal power plants, and are also used in the metallurgical industry, chemical industry and ship power plants.
When a steam turbine starts to operate, a target rotating speed and a rate rising acceleration are generally required to be set, and in the process of raising the speed of the steam turbine, in order to improve working efficiency, the target rotating speed is generally required to be quickly and stably reached. During the operation of the steam turbine, the higher the acceleration is, the higher the pressure to which the steam turbine needs to bear is, and once the pressure to which the steam turbine bears is too high, the runaway condition is easily caused.
The prior art adopts the mode of manual monitoring usually, when the staff finds that the steam turbine operation is unusual, takes the mode of manual brake-pulling to close the machine, but because steam turbine itself rotational speed is too fast, the initial stage staff of out of control is difficult to notice fast, not only influences normal production, can cause the threat to staff's safety even.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method, system, and storage medium for regulating speed of a steam turbine.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to such a system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a speed regulating method of a steam turbine, which can send out alarm information in time and improve the response speed of workers.
The first aspect of the invention provides a speed regulating method for a steam turbine, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the actual rotating speed, receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points, and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed at the multiple points;
the rotating speed control is used for receiving the rising rate and the target rotating speed of the steam turbine, increasing the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the rising rate and controlling the actual rotating speed to be the target rotating speed;
and (4) overspeed protection, receiving a rotating speed upper limit threshold value, judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, and if so, sending an alarm signal.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored in real time, and the timeliness of data acquisition is ensured; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is set, when the fact that the actual rotating speed exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is monitored, an alarm signal is sent to a worker, alarm information is sent in time, and the problem that the worker cannot respond timely is solved.
Further, the actual rotation speed monitoring step further includes:
judging whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent;
if yes, outputting the same rotating speed data as the actual rotating speed;
if not, extracting two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum difference value, calculating the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds, and outputting the average value as the actual rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored at multiple points, the rotating speed monitoring accuracy is ensured, when the plurality of monitored rotating speeds are inconsistent, the two rotating speeds with the closest rotating speeds are the rotating speeds closest to the real rotating speed, and the average value of the two rotating speeds is calculated, so that the data accuracy is further ensured.
Further, the turbine speed increase rate comprises a first rate of increase, and the step of speed control comprises:
receiving an actual rotating speed and a target rotating speed;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed or not;
if yes, receiving the first increasing rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to increase at the first increasing rate.
By adopting the scheme, when the steam turbine is started, the actual rotating speed needs to be increased from zero to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be increased at the first increasing rate, and the stability of increasing the rotating speed is ensured.
Further, if the actual rotation speed is not less than the target rotation speed, the rotation speed control step includes:
obtaining a target threshold range according to the target rotating speed, wherein the value of the target rotating speed is in the target threshold range;
and controlling the actual rotating speed to be within the target threshold range.
By adopting the scheme, the target threshold range is obtained according to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed of the machine in actual operation is a small-range fluctuation value, the numerical value of the target rotating speed is controlled to be within the target threshold range, and the rotating speed is guaranteed to fluctuate within a safety range.
Preferably, said turbine ramp rate further comprises a second ramp rate, and said step of speed control further comprises;
receiving a critical rotating speed range, wherein the critical rotating speed range comprises a lower limit critical rotating speed and an upper limit critical rotating speed, and the target rotating speed is greater than the lower limit critical rotating speed;
judging whether the target rotating speed is greater than an upper limit critical rotating speed or not;
if so, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the actual rotating speed is increased at a second increasing rate.
More preferably, the step of controlling the rotation speed further includes:
judging whether the target rotating speed is in a critical rotating speed range or not;
if yes, modifying the target rotating speed value to be the lower limit critical rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the rotor is easily damaged, the steam turbine cannot be in the critical rotating speed range for a long time, and when the target rotating speed is set in the critical rotating speed range, the target rotating speed is set as the lower limit critical rotating speed, so that the actual rotating speed is prevented from entering the critical rotating speed range.
Further, the overspeed protection further comprises:
receiving the shutdown rotating speed value, wherein the shutdown rotating speed value is not less than a rotating speed upper limit threshold;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than a shutdown rotating speed value or not;
if yes, a closing instruction is output.
Further, a closing command is output, and the power supply of the steam turbine is cut off.
By adopting the scheme, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed, an alarm signal is sent out, if workers do not timely reflect the alarm signal, and the rotating speed is continuously increased to exceed the stop rotating speed value, the automatic tripping of the steam turbine is controlled, so that the personal safety of the workers is ensured while the machine is prevented from being damaged.
Preferably, the overspeed protection further comprises:
judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper rotating speed limit threshold value or not;
if yes, an alarm signal is sent out.
By adopting the scheme, the actual rotating speed is a numerical value obtained by calculating the monitoring rotating speed, deviation is possible to exist, and the overspeed protection accuracy is improved by judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value or not.
Further, the upper threshold of the rotating speed is calculated through a target rotating speed, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
receiving an error rate;
the upper threshold rotation speed is the target rotation speed + the target rotation speed.
By adopting the scheme, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating the target rotating speed, the larger the target rotating speed is, the larger the inertia is, the larger the fluctuation range of the rotating speed under the normal condition is, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating by setting the error rate, the setting accuracy of the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is improved, and unnecessary alarm signals are avoided being sent out.
The invention aims to provide a speed regulating device of a steam turbine, which can send out alarm information in time and improve the reaction speed of workers.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a turbine governor device, comprising:
the actual rotating speed monitoring module is used for receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed at the multiple points;
the rotating speed control module is used for receiving the rising rate and the target rotating speed of the steam turbine, increasing the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the rising rate and controlling the actual rotating speed to be the target rotating speed;
and the overspeed protection module is used for receiving the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value or not, and sending an alarm signal if the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored in real time, and the timeliness of data acquisition is ensured; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is set, when the fact that the actual rotating speed exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is monitored, an alarm signal is sent to a worker, alarm information is sent in time, and the problem that the worker cannot respond timely is solved.
Further, the actual rotation speed monitoring module further comprises:
judging whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent;
if yes, outputting the same rotating speed data as the actual rotating speed;
if not, extracting two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum difference value, calculating the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds, and outputting the average value as the actual rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored at multiple points, the rotating speed monitoring accuracy is ensured, when the plurality of monitored rotating speeds are inconsistent, the two rotating speeds with the closest rotating speeds are the rotating speeds closest to the real rotating speed, and the average value of the two rotating speeds is calculated, so that the data accuracy is further ensured.
Further, the turbine ramp rate comprises a first ramp rate, and the speed control module comprises:
receiving an actual rotating speed and a target rotating speed;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed or not;
if yes, receiving the first increasing rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to increase at the first increasing rate.
By adopting the scheme, when the steam turbine is started, the actual rotating speed needs to be increased from zero to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be increased at the first increasing rate, and the stability of increasing the rotating speed is ensured.
Further, if the actual rotation speed is not less than the target rotation speed, the rotation speed control module includes:
obtaining a target threshold range according to the target rotating speed, wherein the value of the target rotating speed is in the target threshold range;
and controlling the actual rotating speed to be within the target threshold range.
By adopting the scheme, the target threshold range is obtained according to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed of the machine in actual operation is a small-range fluctuation value, the numerical value of the target rotating speed is controlled to be within the target threshold range, and the rotating speed is guaranteed to fluctuate within a safety range.
Preferably, the turbine ramp rate further comprises a second ramp rate, and the rotational speed control module further comprises;
receiving a critical rotating speed range, wherein the critical rotating speed range comprises a lower limit critical rotating speed and an upper limit critical rotating speed, and the target rotating speed is greater than the lower limit critical rotating speed;
judging whether the target rotating speed is greater than an upper limit critical rotating speed or not;
if so, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the actual rotating speed is increased at a second increasing rate.
More preferably, the rotation speed control module further includes:
judging whether the target rotating speed is in a critical rotating speed range or not;
if yes, modifying the target rotating speed value to be the lower limit critical rotating speed.
Further, the overspeed protection module further comprises:
receiving the shutdown rotating speed value, wherein the shutdown rotating speed value is not less than a rotating speed upper limit threshold;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than a shutdown rotating speed value or not;
if yes, a closing instruction is output.
Further, a closing command is output, and the power supply of the steam turbine is cut off.
By adopting the scheme, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed, an alarm signal is sent out, if workers do not timely reflect the alarm signal, and the rotating speed is continuously increased to exceed the stop rotating speed value, the automatic tripping of the steam turbine is controlled, so that the personal safety of the workers is ensured while the machine is prevented from being damaged.
Preferably, the overspeed protection module further comprises:
judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper rotating speed limit threshold value or not;
if yes, an alarm signal is sent out.
By adopting the scheme, the actual rotating speed is a numerical value obtained by calculating the monitoring rotating speed, deviation is possible to exist, and the overspeed protection accuracy is improved by judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value or not.
Further, the upper threshold of the rotating speed is calculated through a target rotating speed, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
receiving an error rate;
the upper threshold rotation speed is the target rotation speed + the target rotation speed.
By adopting the scheme, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating the target rotating speed, the larger the target rotating speed is, the larger the inertia is, the larger the fluctuation range of the rotating speed under the normal condition is, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating by setting the error rate, the setting accuracy of the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is improved, and unnecessary alarm signals are avoided being sent out.
A third aspect of the invention provides a turbine governor system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method when executing the program.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a storage medium comprising one or more programs which are executable by a processor to perform the method described above.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the speed regulating method of the steam turbine monitors the rotating speed of the steam turbine in real time, and ensures the timeliness of data acquisition; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; setting a rotating speed upper limit threshold, and sending an alarm signal to a worker when the actual rotating speed is monitored to exceed the rotating speed upper limit threshold, and sending alarm information in time, so that the problem that the worker cannot respond in time is solved;
2. according to the speed regulating method of the steam turbine, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the rotating speed upper limit threshold, an alarm signal is sent out, if workers do not reflect the alarm signal in time and the rotating speed continues to be increased to exceed the shutdown rotating speed value, the steam turbine is controlled to automatically trip, and the personal safety of the workers is guaranteed while the machine is prevented from being damaged;
3. according to the speed regulating method of the steam turbine, the actual rotating speed is a numerical value obtained by calculating the monitoring rotating speed, deviation is possible, and overspeed protection accuracy is improved by judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed or not;
4. according to the speed regulating method of the steam turbine, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained through calculation of the target rotating speed, the inertia is larger when the target rotating speed is larger, the range of rotating speed fluctuation is larger under the normal condition, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained through calculation by setting the error rate, the setting accuracy of the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is improved, and unnecessary alarm signals are prevented from being sent out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method of regulating speed of a steam turbine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of one embodiment of actual rotational speed monitoring;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one embodiment of rotational speed control;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another embodiment of rotational speed control;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a turbine governor system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the method of regulating the speed of a steam turbine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for regulating speed of a steam turbine, comprising the steps of:
s100, monitoring an actual rotating speed, receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points, and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed at the multiple points;
s200, rotating speed control, namely receiving the rising rate and the target rotating speed of the steam turbine, increasing the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the rising rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to be the target rotating speed;
s300, overspeed protection, receiving a rotating speed upper limit threshold value, judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, and if so, sending an alarm signal.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored in real time, and the timeliness of data acquisition is ensured; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is set, when the fact that the actual rotating speed exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is monitored, an alarm signal is sent to a worker, alarm information is sent in time, and the problem that the worker cannot respond timely is solved.
As shown in fig. 6, in the specific implementation process, the actual operating speed of the steam turbine is a fluctuation value stabilized in a small range, and controlling the actual speed to the target speed means controlling the actual speed to a speed range close to the target speed.
In a specific implementation, the monitored rotational speed of the steam turbine can be measured by STM-1 type, XZS-B type or SFS-Z2 type number sensors.
In a specific implementation process, the monitoring rotating speeds are measured simultaneously, and the monitoring rotating speeds can be measured by a plurality of probes on the same sensor or by a plurality of sensors of the same type or different types.
In the specific implementation process, the alarm signal can be transmitted to the mobile equipment of the staff through a network signal, and can also be alarmed in a signal lamp or buzzer mode.
In a specific implementation process, the steam turbine comprises a controller and an actuator, the controller sends a command to the actuator, the actuator controls the steam turbine to work, and the actuator can be an electric or hydraulic servo actuator.
As shown in fig. 2, in a specific implementation process, the S100 and actual rotation speed monitoring step further includes:
judging whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent;
if yes, outputting the same rotating speed data as the actual rotating speed;
if not, extracting two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum difference value, calculating the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds, and outputting the average value as the actual rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored at multiple points, the rotating speed monitoring accuracy is ensured, when the plurality of monitored rotating speeds are inconsistent, the two rotating speeds with the closest rotating speeds are the rotating speeds closest to the real rotating speed, and the average value of the two rotating speeds is calculated, so that the data accuracy is further ensured.
In the specific implementation process, the number of the monitoring rotating speeds can be 3, and can be 1000r/min, 1010r/min and 1000r/min respectively, the three values are inconsistent, the two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum output difference value are 1000r/min and 1000r/min, the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds is 1000r/min, and the output actual rotating speed is 1000 r/min.
In a specific implementation process, whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent or not is judged, namely whether all the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent or not is judged.
As shown in fig. 4, in a specific implementation, the turbine speed increase rate includes a first speed increase rate, and the S200, speed control step includes:
receiving an actual rotating speed and a target rotating speed;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed or not;
if yes, receiving the first increasing rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to increase at the first increasing rate.
By adopting the scheme, when the steam turbine is started, the actual rotating speed needs to be increased from zero to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be increased at the first increasing rate, and the stability of increasing the rotating speed is ensured.
In the specific implementation process, if not, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed.
In a specific implementation process, the target rotating speed is a stable operating rotating speed of the steam turbine set by an operator, and the target rotating speed can be 2800r/min, 2900r/min or 3000 r/min.
In the specific implementation process, the actual rotating speed can be 0r/min, 1000r/min, 2000r/min or 3000r/min and the like; the first speed-up rate may be 100 rpm, 200 rpm or 300 rpm, and if the turbine is started from 0r/min and accelerated at a speed of 100 rpm, the rotation speed is 500r/min after 5 minutes.
In a specific implementation process, if the actual rotation speed is not less than the target rotation speed, the step S200 of controlling the rotation speed includes:
obtaining a target threshold range according to the target rotating speed, wherein the value of the target rotating speed is in the target threshold range;
and controlling the actual rotating speed to be within the target threshold range.
By adopting the scheme, the target threshold range is obtained according to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed of the machine in actual operation is a small-range fluctuation value, the numerical value of the target rotating speed is controlled to be within the target threshold range, and the rotating speed is guaranteed to fluctuate within a safety range.
In a specific implementation process, the target threshold range may be calculated by obtaining a target rotation speed ± fixed value, where the fixed value may be 5r/min, 10r/min or 15r/min, and if the target rotation speed is 3000r/min and the fixed value is 10r/min, the target threshold range is 2990-.
As shown in fig. 3, in a specific implementation, the turbine speed-up rate further includes a second speed-up rate, and the step S200 of controlling the rotation speed further includes;
receiving a critical rotating speed range, wherein the critical rotating speed range comprises a lower limit critical rotating speed and an upper limit critical rotating speed, and the target rotating speed is greater than the lower limit critical rotating speed;
judging whether the target rotating speed is greater than an upper limit critical rotating speed or not;
if so, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the actual rotating speed is increased at a second increasing rate.
In the specific implementation process, if not, the actual rotating speed is increased at a first increasing rate.
In the specific implementation process, the critical rotating speed range is the rotating speed at which the rotor generates strong vibration, the mass center of each micro-segment of the rotor in the rotating system cannot be strictly positioned on the rotating shaft, therefore, when the rotor rotates, transverse interference can occur, the system can also generate strong vibration under certain rotating speeds, the rotating speed when the system rotates is the critical rotating speed, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the system or avoid the damage of the system due to vibration, the working rotating speed of the rotor of the rotating system should be avoided as far as possible from the critical rotating speed.
In a specific implementation process, when the critical rotation speed range is 2500r/min, the lower limit critical rotation speed is 2000r/min, the upper limit critical rotation speed is 2500r/min, the second rate of rise is greater than the first rate of rise, and the second rate of rise may be 300 revolutions per minute, 350 revolutions per minute, or 400 revolutions per minute.
By adopting the scheme, the second speed-raising rate is greater than the first speed-raising rate, so that the rotating speed of the steam turbine can rapidly pass through the critical rotating speed range, and the damage to the rotor is avoided.
In a specific implementation process, the step S200 of controlling the rotation speed further includes:
judging whether the target rotating speed is in a critical rotating speed range or not;
if yes, modifying the target rotating speed value to be the lower limit critical rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the rotor is easily damaged, the steam turbine cannot be in the critical rotating speed range for a long time, and when the target rotating speed is set in the critical rotating speed range, the target rotating speed is set as the lower limit critical rotating speed, so that the actual rotating speed is prevented from entering the critical rotating speed range.
In the specific implementation process, if not, the target rotating speed value does not need to be modified.
In the specific implementation process, if the critical rotation speed range is 2500r/min, and the target rotation speed is 2200r/min, the target rotation speed is directly modified to 2000 r/min.
In a specific implementation process, the S300 overspeed protection further includes:
receiving the shutdown rotating speed value, wherein the shutdown rotating speed value is not less than a rotating speed upper limit threshold;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than a shutdown rotating speed value or not;
if yes, a closing instruction is output.
In the specific implementation process, if not, the machine runs normally.
In the specific implementation process, the stop rotating speed value is the maximum rotating speed value of the steam turbine in the safe operation state, and the stop rotating speed value can be 3300r/min, 3400r/min or 3500 r/min.
In the specific implementation process, a closing instruction is output, and the power supply of the steam turbine is cut off.
By adopting the scheme, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed, an alarm signal is sent out, if workers do not timely reflect the alarm signal, and the rotating speed is continuously increased to exceed the stop rotating speed value, the automatic tripping of the steam turbine is controlled, so that the personal safety of the workers is ensured while the machine is prevented from being damaged.
In the specific implementation process, the upper threshold of the rotation speed is the maximum value of stable operation at the target rotation speed, and if the target rotation speed is 3000r/min, the upper threshold of the rotation speed can be 3050r/min, 3030r/min or 3070r/min, and the like.
In a specific implementation process, the S300 overspeed protection further includes:
judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper rotating speed limit threshold value or not;
if yes, an alarm signal is sent out.
By adopting the scheme, the actual rotating speed is a numerical value obtained by calculating the monitoring rotating speed, deviation is possible to exist, and the overspeed protection accuracy is improved by judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value or not.
In the specific implementation process, if not, the machine runs normally.
In the specific implementation process, the number of the monitoring rotating speeds can be 3, and can be 3040r/min, 3060r/min and 3059r/min respectively, and if the rotating speed upper limit threshold is 3050r/min, and both 3060r/min and 3059r/min are greater than 3050r/min, an alarm signal is sent out.
In a specific implementation process, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is calculated through a target rotating speed, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
receiving an error rate;
the upper threshold rotation speed is the target rotation speed + the target rotation speed.
By adopting the scheme, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating the target rotating speed, the larger the target rotating speed is, the larger the inertia is, the larger the fluctuation range of the rotating speed under the normal condition is, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating by setting the error rate, the setting accuracy of the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is improved, and unnecessary alarm signals are avoided being sent out.
In a specific implementation process, the error rate can be 1%, 1.5% or 2% for calculating the upper threshold of the rotating speed; if the target rotating speed is 3000r/min, the error rate is 1 percent;
the upper threshold rotation speed + target rotation speed + error rate is 3000+ 1% ═ 3030 r/min.
As shown in fig. 5, a second aspect of the present invention provides a turbine governor device, including:
the actual rotating speed monitoring module 100 is used for receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed of the multiple points;
the rotating speed control module 200 is configured to receive a turbine speed increase rate and a target rotating speed, increase an actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the speed increase rate, and control the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed;
and the overspeed protection module 300 is configured to receive the upper limit threshold of the rotation speed, determine whether the actual rotation speed is greater than the upper limit threshold of the rotation speed, and send an alarm signal if the actual rotation speed is greater than the upper limit threshold of the rotation speed.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored in real time, and the timeliness of data acquisition is ensured; when the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine is controlled to stably and rapidly increase the rotating speed, a target rotating speed is set, the actual rotating speed is controlled to be the target rotating speed, and the operation stability of the steam turbine is ensured; the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is set, when the fact that the actual rotating speed exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed is monitored, an alarm signal is sent to a worker, alarm information is sent in time, and the problem that the worker cannot respond timely is solved.
In a specific implementation process, the actual rotation speed monitoring module 100 further includes:
judging whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent;
if yes, outputting the same rotating speed data as the actual rotating speed;
if not, extracting two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum difference value, calculating the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds, and outputting the average value as the actual rotating speed.
By adopting the scheme, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is monitored at multiple points, the rotating speed monitoring accuracy is ensured, when the plurality of monitored rotating speeds are inconsistent, the two rotating speeds with the closest rotating speeds are the rotating speeds closest to the real rotating speed, and the average value of the two rotating speeds is calculated, so that the data accuracy is further ensured.
In an implementation, the turbine speed increase rate comprises a first rate of increase, and the speed control module 200 comprises:
receiving an actual rotating speed and a target rotating speed;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed or not;
if yes, receiving the first increasing rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to increase at the first increasing rate.
By adopting the scheme, when the steam turbine is started, the actual rotating speed needs to be increased from zero to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed is controlled to be increased at the first increasing rate, and the stability of increasing the rotating speed is ensured.
In a specific implementation process, if the actual rotation speed is not less than the target rotation speed, the rotation speed control module 200 includes:
obtaining a target threshold range according to the target rotating speed, wherein the value of the target rotating speed is in the target threshold range;
and controlling the actual rotating speed to be within the target threshold range.
By adopting the scheme, the target threshold range is obtained according to the target rotating speed, the rotating speed of the machine in actual operation is a small-range fluctuation value, the numerical value of the target rotating speed is controlled to be within the target threshold range, and the rotating speed is guaranteed to fluctuate within a safety range.
In a specific implementation, the turbine lift rate further includes a second lift rate, and the rotational speed control module 200 further includes;
receiving a critical rotating speed range, wherein the critical rotating speed range comprises a lower limit critical rotating speed and an upper limit critical rotating speed, and the target rotating speed is greater than the lower limit critical rotating speed;
judging whether the target rotating speed is greater than an upper limit critical rotating speed or not;
if so, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the actual rotating speed is increased at a second increasing rate.
In a specific implementation process, the rotation speed control module 200 further includes:
judging whether the target rotating speed is in a critical rotating speed range or not;
if yes, modifying the target rotating speed value to be the lower limit critical rotating speed.
In a specific implementation process, the overspeed protection module 300 further includes:
receiving the shutdown rotating speed value, wherein the shutdown rotating speed value is not less than a rotating speed upper limit threshold;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than a shutdown rotating speed value or not;
if yes, a closing instruction is output.
In the specific implementation process, a closing instruction is output, and the power supply of the steam turbine is cut off.
By adopting the scheme, when the rotating speed of the steam turbine exceeds the upper limit threshold value of the rotating speed, an alarm signal is sent out, if workers do not timely reflect the alarm signal, and the rotating speed is continuously increased to exceed the stop rotating speed value, the automatic tripping of the steam turbine is controlled, so that the personal safety of the workers is ensured while the machine is prevented from being damaged.
In a specific implementation process, the overspeed protection module 300 further includes:
judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper rotating speed limit threshold value or not;
if yes, an alarm signal is sent out.
By adopting the scheme, the actual rotating speed is a numerical value obtained by calculating the monitoring rotating speed, deviation is possible to exist, and the overspeed protection accuracy is improved by judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value or not.
In a specific implementation process, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is calculated through a target rotating speed, and the calculating step comprises the following steps:
receiving an error rate;
the upper threshold rotation speed is the target rotation speed + the target rotation speed.
By adopting the scheme, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating the target rotating speed, the larger the target rotating speed is, the larger the inertia is, the larger the fluctuation range of the rotating speed under the normal condition is, the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is obtained by calculating by setting the error rate, the setting accuracy of the upper limit threshold of the rotating speed is improved, and unnecessary alarm signals are avoided being sent out.
A third aspect of the invention provides a turbine governor system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the method when executing the program.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a storage medium comprising one or more programs which are executable by a processor to perform the method described above.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
It should be understood that the technical problems can be solved by combining and combining the features of the embodiments from the claims.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A speed regulation method for a steam turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
monitoring the actual rotating speed, receiving the rotating speed of the steam turbine monitored at multiple points, and obtaining the actual rotating speed according to the monitored rotating speed at the multiple points;
the rotating speed control is used for receiving the rising rate and the target rotating speed of the steam turbine, increasing the actual rotating speed to the target rotating speed according to the rising rate and controlling the actual rotating speed to be the target rotating speed;
and (4) overspeed protection, receiving a rotating speed upper limit threshold value, judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than the rotating speed upper limit threshold value, and if so, sending an alarm signal.
2. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the actual rotational speed monitoring step further includes:
judging whether the plurality of monitoring rotating speeds are consistent;
if yes, outputting the same rotating speed data as the actual rotating speed;
if not, extracting two monitoring rotating speeds with the minimum difference value, calculating the average value of the two monitoring rotating speeds, and outputting the average value as the actual rotating speed.
3. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 2, wherein: the turbine ramp-up rate comprises a first ramp-up rate, and the step of speed control comprises:
receiving an actual rotating speed and a target rotating speed;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is less than the target rotating speed or not;
if yes, receiving the first increasing rate, and controlling the actual rotating speed to increase at the first increasing rate.
4. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 3, wherein: if the actual rotating speed is not less than the target rotating speed, the rotating speed control step comprises the following steps:
obtaining a target threshold range according to the target rotating speed, wherein the value of the target rotating speed is in the target threshold range;
and controlling the actual rotating speed to be within the target threshold range.
5. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein: the turbine ramp rate further comprises a second ramp rate, and the step of controlling the rotational speed further comprises;
receiving a critical rotating speed range, wherein the critical rotating speed range comprises a lower limit critical rotating speed and an upper limit critical rotating speed, and the target rotating speed is greater than the lower limit critical rotating speed;
judging whether the target rotating speed is greater than an upper limit critical rotating speed or not;
if so, when the actual rotating speed is in the critical rotating speed range, the actual rotating speed is increased at a second increasing rate.
6. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 5, wherein: the step of rotational speed control further comprises:
judging whether the target rotating speed is in a critical rotating speed range or not;
if yes, modifying the target rotating speed value to be the lower limit critical rotating speed.
7. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 2, 4 or 6, wherein: the overspeed protection further comprises:
receiving a halt rotating speed value which is not less than a rotating speed upper limit threshold;
judging whether the actual rotating speed is greater than a shutdown rotating speed value or not;
if yes, a closing instruction is output.
8. A method of regulating speed in a steam turbine according to claim 7, wherein: the overspeed protection further comprises:
judging whether at least two monitoring rotating speeds are larger than an upper rotating speed limit threshold value or not;
if yes, an alarm signal is sent out.
9. A steam turbine speed control system which characterized in that: comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the program performing the method of regulating speed of a steam turbine according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8.
10. A storage medium, characterized by: the storage medium includes one or more programs that are executable by a processor to perform the method of throttling a steam turbine according to any of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202011095737.8A CN112228165A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Speed regulating method and system for steam turbine and storage medium |
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| CN202011095737.8A CN112228165A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Speed regulating method and system for steam turbine and storage medium |
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| CN113187564A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-30 | 博力威格(杭州)科技有限公司 | Control method of three-machine coaxial unit steam turbine |
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