CN112227387A - Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112227387A CN112227387A CN202010867456.3A CN202010867456A CN112227387A CN 112227387 A CN112227387 A CN 112227387A CN 202010867456 A CN202010867456 A CN 202010867456A CN 112227387 A CN112227387 A CN 112227387A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rock mass
- mountain
- anchor
- fracture
- reinforcing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
Abstract
A method for reinforcing a mountain fracture rock mass after mining in a quarry in China comprises the following steps: surface layer guniting, anchor hole drilling, anchor rod inserting, grouting reinforcement, end anchor backing plate and surface reinforcement. The method can thoroughly reinforce the fractured rock mass from inside to outside, has lasting effect, and can fundamentally solve the problem of effectively reinforcing the mountain fractures with various surface and internal rock mass fractures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for reinforcing rock mass, in particular to a method for reinforcing a mountain fracture rock mass after mining in a quarry in China.
Background
With the development of national science and technology and the massive construction of quarries, blasting technology is more and more widely applied to the mining of mountain rocks. When a large amount of rock resources are obtained, rock mass loose areas formed after blasting of the mountain are prone to collapse under severe conditions such as earthquakes and rainstorms, and at the moment, the safety of roads and residential areas around the mountain is threatened. Therefore, how to effectively reinforce the mountain fracture and ensure the safety of facilities around the mountain becomes a research hotspot of the engineering community.
At present, common rock mass reinforcing methods include retaining wall support, guniting support, anchor pulling support and the like. However, retaining wall support refers to a structure for supporting the hillside rock mass and preventing the rock mass from deforming and destabilizing, and is generally used for reinforcing a side slope with a slow slope and a low altitude; the shotcrete support is a support for spraying cement mortar to the surface of a rock mass by using compressed air, and is generally used for slope finishing and surface crack reinforcement; the anchor pulling support is a support which utilizes an anchor rod to support a building envelope so as to ensure that the building envelope has enough strength and rigidity, and is generally used for reinforcing a more complete tunnel of a rock body.
However, in the quarry of China, the mining margin permitted by the mining authority is small, the original slope of the landform and the landform of most of the quarries is steeper, the mining mode of 'one-side-slope' bottom caving mining and pot expanding explosion is mostly adopted, and the mountain fracture formed after mining is in a cliff shape, is vertical and steep and is about 30-100 meters high. Blasting quarrying causes the surface layer of the fracture of the mountain to be loose and the fracture to develop seriously, even a rock mass loose area with a deep section of numerous fractures is formed inwards from the surface of the fracture, so that the risk of mountain collapse exists at any time, and great difficulty is brought to reinforcement of the mountain.
For the special condition of mountain fracture, because the altitude is high and the vertical is steep, the retaining wall support cannot be adopted; because the surface of the rock mass is inwards provided with a deep rock mass loose area, the guniting support can only realize the reinforcement of the surface layer crack but cannot realize the effective reinforcement of the deep layer crack; the loose area of the rock mass is mostly loose rock, so that the stripping of fractured rock can be caused during anchor pulling, and the construction is difficult, so that anchor pulling support cannot be adopted. Therefore, there is a lack of a suitable method for solving the problem of difficulty in reinforcement.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for reinforcing the mountain fracture rock mass after the mining of the quarry in China, the method can thoroughly reinforce the fractured rock mass from inside to outside, has lasting effect, and can fundamentally solve the problem of effectively reinforcing the mountain fracture with various surface and internal rock mass fractures.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
1) surface layer guniting: spraying liquid reinforcing glue to the rock mass on the surface of the fracture of the loose mountain body at high pressure;
2) drilling an anchor hole: evenly arranging the positions of anchor holes along the working surface of the mountain fracture to be initially reinforced, drilling anchor holes with a certain depth into the rock mass at the designed position, wherein the distance between the anchor holes is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical solidified rock mass;
3) inserting an anchor rod: inserting a steel pipe with a plurality of through holes on the pipe wall into the anchor hole to serve as an anchor rod, wherein the length of the steel pipe is slightly larger than the depth of the anchor hole, the front end of the steel pipe extends to the bottom of the anchor hole, and the rear end of the steel pipe is exposed out of the anchor hole;
4) grouting reinforcement: grouting the pressure in the steel pipe;
5) end anchor backing plate: laying a steel wire mesh on the whole fracture surface, sleeving a base plate on the exposed end of the steel pipe to press the steel wire mesh against the fracture rock surface to press the surface rock mass,
6) surface reinforcement: and finally, spraying concrete on the surface of the whole fracture to reinforce the surface of the fracture.
Compared with the prior art, the reinforcing method for the mountain fracture rock mass after the mining in the quarry in China comprises the steps of drilling the hole inwards at the position of the designed anchor hole on the fracture surface of the pre-guniting, spraying the liquid reinforcing glue with ultra-low viscosity on the rock mass on the surface of the loose mountain fracture at high pressure, and solidifying the reinforcing glue after the rock mass cracks on the surface, so that the primary reinforcement of the surface layer of the loose mountain fracture is realized, and the crushed stone is prevented from collapsing during the subsequent reinforcement; meanwhile, the distance between the anchor holes is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical solidified rock mass, so that the cylindrical solidified rock masses formed by each anchor hole are overlapped in a crossed manner, loose rock masses on the surface layer of the whole mountain fracture are connected into a whole, and the integral reinforcement of the mountain fracture rock mass is realized; then, the steel pipe with the dense and fine through holes on the wall of the steel pipe is used as an anchor rod, and grouting materials can be well filled in rock body cracks during grouting reinforcement, so that scattered rocks in mountain fracture loose areas are cemented into a whole; preferably, after the grouting material is solidified, a steel wire mesh is arranged on the surface of the whole fracture, and concrete is sprayed, so that the broken rock on the surface of the fracture and in the loose area of the mountain can be reliably reinforced. In conclusion, the invention finally integrates the surface layer guniting reinforcement area, the internal reinforcement area and the steel wire mesh shotcrete surface layer into a whole, so that the rock mass loose area is sufficiently reinforced and fixed with the rock mass stable area, and the difficult problem that the traditional slope or roadway reinforcement technology cannot effectively reinforce the surface and internal rock mass fractures of the mountain fracture surface and the internal rock mass fractures (especially aiming at the special conditions of high altitude and steep verticality of the quarry in China) is fundamentally solved all around.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an unreinforced mountain fracture.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mountain fracture after surface layer guniting according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the arrangement of anchor holes on the fracture surface of a mountain body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the drilling process of an anchor hole in a fracture of a mountain according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the bolt insertion and grouting reinforcement process according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure of the area a in fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the structure of the region B in fig. 5.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an end anchor pad and corresponding surface reinforcement step in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the structure of the region C in fig. 8.
In the figure: 1. the loose district of rock mass, 2, rock mass stable area, 3, inside rock mass crack, 4, top layer whitewashing reinforcing area, 5, anchor eye, 6, cylindrical solidification rock mass, 8, slip casting pipe, 9, the material of slip casting, 10, steel pipe, 11, through-hole, 12, the rock mass crack of filling with slip casting material, 13, inside reinforcing area, 14, the netted shotcrete surface course of steel wire, 15, the backing plate, 16, the bolt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a rock mass loosening area 1 in which a mountain fracture formed after the mining of a quarry in China is in a cliff shape, the fracture is vertical and steep, and blasting quarrying causes the surface layer of the mountain fracture to be loosened and the fracture to grow seriously, and even a deep section of fracture (namely, the rock mass loosening area has surface rock mass fractures and internal rock mass fractures 3) is formed inwards from the fracture surface.
Fig. 2 to 9 show schematic structural diagrams of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in which a method for reinforcing a mountain fracture rock mass after mining in a quarry of China comprises the following steps:
1) surface layer guniting: and (3) jetting ultra-low viscosity liquid reinforcing glue at high pressure on the rock mass on the surface of the loose mountain fracture (corresponding to the surface of the rock mass loose area 1 in the figure), and solidifying the reinforcing glue after penetrating into the cracks of the rock mass on the surface, so as to realize the preliminary reinforcement of the surface layer of the loose mountain fracture, thereby forming a surface layer guniting reinforced area 4 and preventing the crushed stones from falling in the subsequent reinforcement. (see FIG. 2)
2) Drilling an anchor hole 5: evenly arranging the positions of anchor holes 5 along the working surface of the mountain fracture to be initially reinforced, and drilling a certain depth radius r into the rock mass at the designed position1The anchor eye 5; to facilitate subsequent grouting, the grouting holes are preferably slightly inclined downward. (see FIGS. 3-4)
3) Inserting an anchor rod: the steel pipe 10 with a plurality of through holes 11 arranged on the pipe wall is inserted into the anchor hole 5 to serve as an anchor rod, the length of the steel pipe 10 is slightly larger than the depth of the anchor hole, the front end of the steel pipe 10 extends to the bottom of the anchor hole 5, and the rear end exposed out of the anchor hole 5 is provided with threads so as to facilitate the installation of a backing plate 15 in the later period. (see FIGS. 5-7)
4) Grouting reinforcement: grouting is carried out in the steel pipe 10 through the grouting pipe 8, and the grouted material 9 is extruded outwards from the through hole 11 on the steel pipe 10 and permeates into the internal rock mass crack 3 around the anchor hole 5 under the action of pressure, so as to obtain the rock mass crack 12 filled with the grouted material. Setting the penetration depth as R, so as to form a radius R taking the steel pipe 10 as the center of a circle in the loose rock mass1+ R cylindrical hardened rock mass 6. Because the anchor hole interval is less than the radius of the cylindrical solidified rock 6, the cylindrical solidified rock 6 formed by each anchor hole 5 is overlapped in a cross way, loose rock on the surface layer of the whole mountain fracture is connected into a whole, and the integral reinforcement of the mountain fracture rock is realized. (see FIGS. 5-7)
5) End anchor backing plate 15 and surface reinforcement: and laying a steel wire mesh on the surface of the whole fracture, and sleeving a base plate 15 on the steel pipe 10 to press the steel wire mesh. And then, screwing a high-strength bolt 16 on the steel pipe 10 to strongly prop the backing plate 15 against the fracture rock surface to press the surface rock mass, and finally spraying concrete on the whole fracture surface to realize the surface reinforcement of the fracture so as to form a steel wire mesh sprayed concrete surface layer 14. (see FIG. 8)
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ultra-low viscosity liquid cement grout and grouting material may be alkali-activated slag cement paste or other ultra-low viscosity high strength cement.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the penetration depth R depends on the viscosity of the grouting material 9, the grouting pressure and the development condition of the internal rock body crack 3; the arrangement positions of the anchor holes 5 are distributed along the vertical direction and the transverse direction of the working face at equal intervals, and the vertical distance and the horizontal distance of the anchor holes 5 are uniform, so that the value is a = 500-Rmm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the certain depth is a depth which penetrates through the rock mass loosening area 1 from the surface of the mountain fracture inwards and penetrates into the rock mass stabilizing area 2, and the depth of the anchor hole in the rock mass stabilizing area 2 is not less than 1000 mm.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the diameter of the anchor hole 5 is r1=40-80mm, the outer diameter r2= r1-20mm of the steel tube 10, and the diameter of the through hole 11 on the wall of the steel tube 10 is 3-8 mm.
Referring to fig. 9, the method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
1. effectively glue loose rock mass into a whole
The invention can well infiltrate the grouting material into the internal rock mass crack 3 around the anchor hole 5, thereby connecting the loose rock mass on the surface layer of the whole mountain fracture into a whole.
2. Good grouting effect
The pipe wall of the steel pipe 10 used in the invention is provided with dense through holes 11, when pressure grouting is carried out on the pipe wall, grouting materials extrude seepage outwards from the through holes 11 under the action of pressure, so that the grouting of the anchor hole is full, and the seepage grouting materials 9 can well seep into the internal rock mass cracks 3 around the anchor hole under the action of the extrusion force to form a firm internal reinforcing area 13.
3. Good anchoring effect
The steel pipe 10 which is densely filled with the grouting material 9 is used as a tension member which goes deep into the rock mass stabilizing area 2, and after the grouting material 9 is solidified and molded, the steel pipe can firmly anchor the rock mass loose area 1 on the rock mass stabilizing area 2 and has better anchoring effect.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for reinforcing a mountain fracture rock mass after mining in a quarry in China is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) surface layer guniting: spraying liquid reinforcing glue to the rock mass on the surface of the fracture of the loose mountain body at high pressure;
2) drilling anchor holes (5): evenly arranging the positions of anchor holes (5) along the working surface of the mountain fracture to be initially reinforced, drilling the anchor holes (5) with a certain depth into the rock mass at the designed position, wherein the distance between the anchor holes is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical solidified rock mass (6);
3) inserting an anchor rod: a steel pipe (10) with a plurality of through holes (11) arranged on the pipe wall is inserted into the anchor hole (5) to be used as an anchor rod, the length of the steel pipe (10) is slightly larger than the depth of the anchor hole, the front end of the steel pipe (10) extends to the bottom of the anchor hole (5), and the rear end of the steel pipe is exposed out of the anchor hole (5);
4) grouting reinforcement: grouting the steel pipe (10) by pressure;
5) end anchor backing plate: laying a steel wire mesh on the whole fracture surface, sleeving a base plate (15) on the exposed end of the steel pipe (10) to press the steel wire mesh against the fracture rock surface to press the surface rock mass,
6) surface reinforcement: and finally, spraying concrete on the surface of the whole fracture to reinforce the surface of the fracture.
2. The method for reinforcing the fractured rock mass of the mountain after the mining in the quarry of China according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the arrangement positions of the anchor holes (5) are distributed along the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the working face at equal intervals, the vertical distance and the horizontal distance of the anchor holes (5) are both a =500-Rmm, and R is the penetration depth.
3. The method for reinforcing the fractured rock mass of the mountain after mining in the quarry of China according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the anchor hole (5) has a certain depth which is not less than 1000mm from the surface of the mountain fracture to the inside of the rock loose area (1) and into the rock stable area (2).
4. The method for reinforcing the fractured rock mass of the mountain after mining in the quarry of China according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: the diameter of the anchor hole (5) is r1=40-80mm, outer diameter r of steel pipe (10)2= r1-20mm, and the diameter of the through hole (11) on the wall of the steel pipe (10) is 3-8 mm.
5. The method for reinforcing the fractured rock mass of the mountain after the mining in the quarry of China according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the direction of the grouting holes is slightly inclined downwards.
6. The method for reinforcing the fractured rock mass of the mountain after mining in the quarry of China according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: and the liquid reinforcing glue and the grouting material (9) are both alkali-activated slag cement paste.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867456.3A CN112227387A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867456.3A CN112227387A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112227387A true CN112227387A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
Family
ID=74116063
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010867456.3A Pending CN112227387A (en) | 2020-08-25 | 2020-08-25 | Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112227387A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2638725A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-17 | Jennmar Corporation | Self drilling rock bolt |
| CN102002956A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-04-06 | 武汉大学 | Multi-level fully-closed reinforcement technology of exposed fault zone of excavated side slope |
| CN102660959A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆大学 | Pulling reinforcement method for internal fissure of dangerous rock |
-
2020
- 2020-08-25 CN CN202010867456.3A patent/CN112227387A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2638725A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-17 | Jennmar Corporation | Self drilling rock bolt |
| CN102002956A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-04-06 | 武汉大学 | Multi-level fully-closed reinforcement technology of exposed fault zone of excavated side slope |
| CN102660959A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-12 | 重庆大学 | Pulling reinforcement method for internal fissure of dangerous rock |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 淮南煤炭学院《井巷设计》编写组: "《井巷设计》", 28 February 1975, 安徽人民出版社 * |
| 葛克水等: "《地下建筑工程施工》", 30 June 2014, 地质出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106638673B (en) | A kind of construction method of compound retaining structure | |
| CN109538216B (en) | Tunnel construction process for crossing mining and subsidence areas | |
| Li et al. | Conservation of Jiaohe ancient earthen site in China | |
| CN104929666A (en) | Top breaking gob-side entry retaining method for tender roofs | |
| CN110056369A (en) | A kind of construction method at tunnel's entrance and exit hole | |
| CN101570970A (en) | Construction method of cement soil anchor and anchor plate combined member thereof | |
| CN207109475U (en) | It is close to mountain high-filled subgrade stabilization and Deformation control structure | |
| CN107503257A (en) | One kind is close to mountain high-filled subgrade stabilization and Deformation control structure and construction method | |
| CN109736346A (en) | Steel anchor tube reinforces weathered rock formation reinforcement balance weight retaining wall structure and construction method | |
| CN109930609A (en) | A kind of campshed composite supporting construction and its construction method for upper-soft lower-hard ground | |
| CN211898463U (en) | Reinforcing device combining micro-steel pipe pile and anchor rod | |
| CN112982431A (en) | Construction method of foundation pit supporting structure | |
| CN104863177A (en) | Composite retaining wall structure and construction method thereof | |
| CN102704497B (en) | RPW (ranked position weight) process for treating high fill slope | |
| CN206707726U (en) | A kind of gob side entry retaining roadside support system | |
| CN110761300A (en) | Construction method for supporting impervious soft soil body on side slope of deep foundation pit of high-rise building through micro-expansion | |
| CN110566236A (en) | Pipe shed and steel support combined supporting device and supporting method | |
| CN106761841B (en) | Working face tailgate fractured coal grouting reinforcement method | |
| CN112482409A (en) | Combined supporting device and construction method thereof | |
| CN114673527B (en) | Progressive roadway and tunnel broken surrounding rock reinforcing method | |
| CN112227387A (en) | Method for reinforcing mountain fracture rock mass after mining in quarry of China | |
| CN211692492U (en) | Goaf roadway reinforcing structure | |
| CN202787275U (en) | Tubular soil nailing wall of novel pneumatic impact anchor | |
| CN215165710U (en) | Tunnel side slope structure | |
| CN108914947A (en) | Foundation pit anchor wall draws the construction method of anchor supporting and its supporting construction of drilling tool and formation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210115 |