CN112224035B - Driving torque optimization control method for pure electric vehicle - Google Patents

Driving torque optimization control method for pure electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112224035B
CN112224035B CN202010921345.6A CN202010921345A CN112224035B CN 112224035 B CN112224035 B CN 112224035B CN 202010921345 A CN202010921345 A CN 202010921345A CN 112224035 B CN112224035 B CN 112224035B
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China
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current
motor
torque
max
batt
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CN112224035A (en
Inventor
李广民
董钊志
孙健
殷国栋
张雁泽
孙猛猛
杨晶晶
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Kewo New Energy Automobile Group Co ltd
Southeast University
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Kewo New Energy Automobile Group Co ltd
Southeast University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/20Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
    • B60L15/2045Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for optimising the use of energy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421Speed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/423Torque
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547Voltage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/549Current
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72Electric energy management in electromobility

Abstract

The invention relates to a driving torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps: obtaining the energy consumption condition of the high-voltage accessories of the whole vehicle system, and obtaining the current sum of the high-voltage accessories as I acc The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining maximum output current I of battery system under current working condition batt_max And the current total battery voltage V batt Removing high voltage accessory current from battery maximum output current and taking into account battery efficiency η batt Obtaining the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Acquiring the current motor rotation speed n rec And a drive pedal opening degree theta thr By the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max Calculating to obtain the current required torque T req The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Obtaining efficiency MAP data of a driving motor, and setting the current motor rotating speed n rec And the demand torque T calculated as above req Is carried in to obtain the current motor efficiency eta motor The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Motor efficiency eta motor Taking into account the current motor demand power P motor_req The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And solving the torque which is obtained to the highest motor efficiency under different rotating speeds aiming at the motor efficiency MAP data, and fitting the optimal efficiency point in the motor efficiency MAP graph into an optimal efficiency curve.

Description

Driving torque optimization control method for pure electric vehicle
Technical field:
the invention relates to a driving torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of torque control of new energy vehicles.
The background technology is as follows:
the pure electric vehicle is a novel vehicle which uses a power battery as the only energy source and uses a vehicle-mounted motor as the only drive. Compared with the traditional fuel oil automobile and hybrid electric automobile, the pure electric automobile has a more simplified chassis structure, more considerable energy efficiency and cleaner energy source, has become the development direction of the automobile industry in the future, and is greatly supported by relevant policies in China. Torque control of an electric automobile is one of the cores of a control system of the electric automobile, and is directly related to reasonable distribution of power battery energy and driving experience of a driver.
At present, torque control in engineering application is mostly based on the discharging capability of a battery, and the current required torque is calculated by combining the opening degree of a driving pedal, so that the influence of motor efficiency on the end load of the battery is not fully considered. In fact, when the electric automobile is in a sudden acceleration or climbing working condition with low-speed and large-torque output, the motor efficiency is relatively low, and if the torque exceeding the battery output capacity is still continuously requested, the power battery is liable to be caused to overflow, so that irreversible damage is caused, and even safety accidents are caused.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention provides a driving torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle, aiming at a driving system of the pure electric vehicle, fully considering the influence of motor efficiency when calculating the required torque, and considering the dynamic property of the driving system and the safety of a battery system. The method focuses on the low-efficiency working condition (the rapid acceleration working condition or the climbing working condition of low-speed large torque) of the automobile motor, simultaneously takes the energy consumption of high-voltage accessories such as an oil pump, an air conditioner and the like in the whole automobile system into consideration, calculates a torque constraint boundary value corresponding to the maximum output power of a battery system, further adjusts the required torque according to the optimal efficiency point of the current rotating speed of the motor, and finally obtains a reasonable required torque value.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a driving torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining the energy consumption condition of a high-voltage accessory of the whole vehicle system, mainly comprising the current states of an oil pump, an air conditioner, a thermal management system and the like, and obtaining the current sum of the high-voltage accessory as I acc
Step 2, obtaining the maximum output current I of the battery system under the current working condition batt_max And the current total battery voltage V batt Removing high voltage accessory current from battery maximum output current and taking into account battery efficiency η batt Obtaining the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max The following are provided:
P batt_max =(I batt_max -I acc )·V batt η batt
step 3, obtaining the current motor rotation speed n rec And a drive pedal opening degree theta thr (unit:%) by the current maximum battery output power P batt_max Calculating to obtain the current required torque T req The following are provided:
step 4, obtaining efficiency MAP data of the driving motor, and rotating the current motor at the speed n rec And the required torque T calculated in the step 3 req Is carried in to obtain the current motor efficiency eta motor The following are provided:
η motor =Eff n_T (T req ,n rec )
wherein: eff n_T (. Cndot.) represents motor efficiency as a function of motor speed and torque derived from motor efficiency MAP data.
Step 5, motor efficiency eta motor Taking into account the current motor demand power P motor_req The following are provided:
the calculated motor required power P motor_req And the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max Comparing, if the motor required power is smaller than the current battery maximum output power, entering a step 6 by using the current required torque; otherwise, the current required torque needs to be corrected to ensure that the battery system is not overdischarged, and a new required torque T new_req The calculation formula is as follows:
δ set ∝V batt
wherein: delta set Representing the return difference after limiting the torque, which is proportional to the total battery voltage V batt
At a new required torque T new_req Step 6 is entered;
step 6, solving torque with highest motor efficiency under different rotating speeds according to the motor efficiency MAP data, and fitting an optimal efficiency point in a motor efficiency MAP graph into an optimal efficiency curve, wherein the optimal efficiency curve is as follows:
wherein:and->Respectively representing the torque and the highest motor efficiency when the rotating speed is n;
when the electric automobile is in an economic mode (a running mode mainly comprising energy conservation), the current motor rotating speed n is set rec Carrying in the torque T for maximizing the motor efficiency at the current rotation speed η_max If the required torque obtained in the step 5 is greater than T η_max And is at T η_max Within a certain neighborhood ([ T) η_max ,T η_max +σ]Wherein sigma represents a predetermined small torque value which is equal to 5% -15% of the current required torque, and the selection proportion is increased along with the increase of the required torque, then T is calculated η_max As the final required torque output; if the torque demand in step 5 is less than T η_max Or the demand torque is not in the neighborhood [ T ] η_max ,T η_max +σ]And thereafter, the torque is output at the required torque in step 5.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the torque calculation process, the influence of motor efficiency and high-voltage power utilization accessories is considered, the required torque of the motor is restrained within a reasonable range, the overdischarge phenomenon of a battery system is avoided, and the service lives of the battery system and a driving system can be prolonged to a certain extent;
2. and the required torque is regulated in an economic mode, so that the motor reaches the output with the highest efficiency, the average power consumption of the electric automobile is reduced, and the endurance mileage of the electric automobile is improved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a driving torque optimizing control logic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a motor efficiency curve.
Fig. 3 is a motor efficiency contour plot.
Fig. 4 is a plot of optimal efficiency point fitting.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optimal efficiency tuning range.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The flow of the driving torque optimization control method for the pure electric vehicle is shown in the figure 1, the maximum discharging current of the battery calculated by the battery management system is firstly obtained, the maximum output power of the battery is obtained by combining the total voltage of the battery and the efficiency of the battery, the maximum output torque is obtained by combining the rotating speed of the motor, the maximum output torque is multiplied by the opening degree of a driving pedal, and the external characteristic limiting torque and the mechanism limiting torque are taken as constraint calculation target torque. And calculating the current motor efficiency through the input motor rotating speed and the target torque, further calculating the comparison between the motor required power and the battery maximum output power, correcting the required torque if the motor required power exceeds the battery output capacity, and regulating the required torque with the optimal efficiency to finally obtain the new required torque.
The driving torque optimization control method of the pure electric vehicle is realized through the following steps:
step 1, obtaining the energy consumption condition of a high-voltage accessory of the whole vehicle system, wherein the energy consumption condition mainly comprises the current states of an oil pump, an air conditioner, a thermal management system and the like, and obtaining the current summation of the high-voltage accessory as I acc
Step 2, obtaining the maximum output current I of the battery system under the current working condition batt_max And the current total battery voltage V batt Removing high voltage accessory current from battery maximum output current and taking into account battery efficiency η batt Obtaining the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max The following are provided:
P batt_max =(I batt_max -I acc )·V batt η batt
step 3, obtaining the current motor rotation speed n rec And a drive pedal opening degree theta thr (unit:%) by the current maximum battery output power P batt_max Calculating to obtain the current required torque T req The following are provided:
step 4, obtaining efficiency MAP data of the driving motor, and rotating the current motor at the speed n rec And the required torque T calculated in the step 3 req Is carried in to obtain the current motor efficiency eta motor The following are provided:
η motor =Eff n_T (T req ,n rec )
wherein: eff n_T (. Cndot. Cndot.) represents the abstract motor efficiency as a function of motor speed and torque from motor efficiency MAP data, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show curved surfaces of certain motor efficiency MAP data, respectivelyThe MAP and the contour MAP are used for inputting the motor speed and the required torque into the motor efficiency MAP data to obtain the corresponding motor efficiency, and if the input speed or torque is between two experimental data, a linear interpolation method is adopted to calculate the corresponding motor efficiency;
step 5, motor efficiency eta motor Taking into account the current motor demand power P motor_req The following are provided:
the calculated motor required power P motor_req And the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max Comparing, if the motor required power is smaller than the current battery maximum output power, entering a step 6 by using the current required torque; otherwise, the current required torque needs to be corrected to ensure that the battery system is not overdischarged, and a new required torque T new_req The calculation formula is as follows:
δ set ∝V batt
wherein: delta set Representing the return difference after limiting the torque, which is proportional to the total battery voltage V batt
At a new required torque T new_req Step 6 is entered;
step 6, solving the torque of the highest motor efficiency point under different rotating speeds according to the motor efficiency MAP data, and fitting the optimal efficiency point in the motor efficiency MAP graph into an optimal efficiency curve, wherein the optimal efficiency curve is as follows:
wherein:and->Respectively representing the torque and the highest motor efficiency when the rotating speed is n; fig. 4 shows an optimal efficiency point fitting curve, wherein circular scattered points in the figure represent torque values for maximizing motor efficiency at corresponding rotating speeds in motor efficiency MAP data, and high-order polynomial fitting is performed on the scattered points, and a fitting formula is as follows:
T η_max (n)=p 1 n 5 +p 2 n 4 +p 3 n 3 +p 4 n 2 +p 5 n+p 6
wherein: p is p 1 ~p 6 Respectively polynomial fitting coefficients;
when the electric automobile is in an economic mode (a running mode mainly comprising energy conservation), the current motor rotating speed n is set rec Carrying in the torque T for maximizing the motor efficiency at the current rotation speed η_max If the required torque obtained in the step 5 is greater than T η_max And is at T η_max Within a certain neighborhood ([ T) η_max ,T η_max +σ]Where σ represents a given small torque value, here 10% of the current demand torque, as shown in FIG. 5, T will be η_max As the final required torque output; if the torque demand in step 5 is less than T η_max Or the demand torque is not in the neighborhood [ T ] η_max ,T η_max +σ]And (5) outputting the torque at the required torque in the step;
the foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it should be noted that modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention, which modifications would also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A driving torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining the energy consumption condition of high-voltage accessories of the whole vehicle system, including the current states of an oil pump, an air conditioner and a thermal management system, and obtaining the current sum of the high-voltage accessories as I acc
Step 2, obtaining the maximum output current I of the battery system under the current working condition batt_max And the current total battery voltage V batt Removing high voltage accessory current from battery maximum output current and taking into account battery efficiency η batt Obtaining the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max The following are provided:
P batt_max =(I batt_max -I acc )·V batt η batt
step 3, obtaining the current motor rotation speed n rec And a drive pedal opening degree theta thr (unit:%) by the current maximum battery output power P batt_max Calculating to obtain the current required torque T req The following are provided:
step 4, obtaining efficiency MAP data of the driving motor, and rotating the current motor at the speed n rec And the required torque T calculated in the step 3 req Is carried in to obtain the current motor efficiency eta motor The following are provided:
η motor =Eff n_T (T req ,n rec )
wherein: eff n_T (. Cndot.) represents motor efficiency as a function of motor speed and torque derived from motor efficiency MAP data;
step 5, motor efficiency eta motor Taking into account the current motor demand power P motor_req The following are provided:
the calculated motor required power P motor_req And the current maximum output power P of the battery batt_max Comparing, if the motor required power is smaller than the current battery maximum output power, entering a step 6 by using the current required torque; otherwise, the current required torque needs to be corrected to ensure that the battery system is not overdischarged, and a new required torque T new_req The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein: delta set Representing the return difference after limiting the torque, which is proportional to the total battery voltage V batt
At a new required torque T new_req Step 6 is entered;
step 6, solving torque with highest motor efficiency under different rotating speeds according to the motor efficiency MAP data, and fitting an optimal efficiency point in a motor efficiency MAP graph into an optimal efficiency curve, wherein the optimal efficiency curve is as follows:
wherein:and->The torque that maximizes motor efficiency and the motor maximum efficiency at the rotation speed n are respectively indicated.
2. The drive torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that:when the electric automobile is in the economy mode, the current motor rotating speed n is utilized rec Obtaining torque T for maximizing motor efficiency at current rotation speed η_max If the required torque obtained in the step 5 is greater than T η_max And is at T η_max T in a certain neighborhood of [ T ] η_max ,T η_max +σ]Will T η_max As the final required torque output; if the torque demand in step 5 is less than T η_max Or the demand torque is not in the neighborhood [ T ] η_max ,T η_max +σ]And thereafter, the torque is output at the required torque in step 5.
3. The drive torque optimization control method of a pure electric vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that: sigma is equal to 5% -15% of the current demand torque.
CN202010921345.6A 2020-09-04 2020-09-04 Driving torque optimization control method for pure electric vehicle Active CN112224035B (en)

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CN112959896A (en) * 2021-03-28 2021-06-15 大运汽车股份有限公司 Four-wheel drive control method for pure electric vehicle with dual-drive electric bridge architecture
CN113281045B (en) * 2021-05-18 2022-11-04 广州大学 Calculation method and control method for friction torque of bearing ring
CN113415175B (en) * 2021-07-12 2022-10-11 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 Method for estimating maximum available torque of whole pure electric four-wheel drive vehicle
CN114211969B (en) * 2021-12-15 2024-03-22 威睿电动汽车技术(宁波)有限公司 Motor control method for electric vehicle, control unit and vehicle

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