CN112223982A - Integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for crawler crane - Google Patents
Integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for crawler crane Download PDFInfo
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- CN112223982A CN112223982A CN202011161980.5A CN202011161980A CN112223982A CN 112223982 A CN112223982 A CN 112223982A CN 202011161980 A CN202011161980 A CN 202011161980A CN 112223982 A CN112223982 A CN 112223982A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
- B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/02—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant
- B60H1/04—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived from the propulsion plant from cooling liquid of the plant
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/88—Optimized components or subsystems, e.g. lighting, actively controlled glasses
Abstract
The invention relates to an integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for a crawler crane, which comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor fan, an indoor heat exchanger, a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve and a second electronic expansion valve, wherein the four-way reversing valve is arranged on the compressor; the second electronic expansion valve and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger which are connected with each other are connected in parallel at two ends of the indoor heat exchanger, and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger recovers heat from hot water in the engine room to integrally form a double-heat-source refrigeration cycle. Compared with the prior art, the crawler crane air conditioning system has the advantages of high energy efficiency, compact structure, convenience in installation, high system stability, capability of realizing a defrosting mode, an engine cooling mode, large heating capacity, high economy and the like, can well overcome the defects of the conventional crawler crane air conditioning system at present, and improves the working efficiency of the whole air conditioning system and the crane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a crawler crane air conditioning system, in particular to an integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system.
Background
The crane air conditioner has important significance for guaranteeing riding comfort of workers, but at present, almost all crane air conditioners still adopt an engine as a power source, drive a compressor to work by belt transmission, have great influence on the power of the air conditioner when being started, and cannot meet the requirement of using the air conditioner when a driver parks and has a rest; the traditional crane air conditioner is a split system, a compressor is arranged at the side of an engine, an evaporator is arranged in a cockpit, a condenser is arranged at the back of the cockpit, each connecting pipeline is longer, the pressure drop of the poorer air suction pipeline is large, the system energy efficiency is lower, the crane is easy to vibrate in the travelling operation process, and the system stability is poorer; when the crane works in a severe cold area in winter, the air conditioning system of the general crane with the air as the heat source and the single heat source is difficult to achieve the required heating capacity, and the driving comfort is greatly reduced. In addition, the crane works in severe cold areas in winter, the outdoor heat exchanger is very easy to frost, the integrated double-heat-source electric parking air-conditioning system can well solve the problems of the traditional crane air-conditioning system, can additionally cool the engine, and greatly helps the whole crane to work
In recent years, people mainly pay attention to a double-heat-source electric parking air conditioning system, and the problem of insufficient heating capacity is solved under a low-temperature working condition, but in a circulation mode, a common single-heat-source circulation is often utilized, the utilization of double heat sources in a cooling/heating mode is omitted, and the operation mode is deficient. And the structural form of the air conditioning system is rarely considered, the system is complex, and the stability is not high.
Patent CN102331048A provides a combined type gas-water dual heat source heat pump type electric automobile air conditioning system, and this scheme utilizes the surplus hot water of engine can solve the not enough problem of cold area winter heating load, but this system pipe connection is complicated, and spare part is more, and the installation is complicated, and the efficiency is not high, is difficult to regard whole air conditioning system as monolithic structure, and stability is not enough. In addition, the system does not use engine waste heat water in a refrigeration mode, the evaporation temperature of the whole system cannot be increased, and high energy efficiency is difficult to achieve.
Patent CN102331046A proposes a heat pump air conditioning system for air heat recovery type electric vehicle, which, in a heating mode, absorbs air after heat release from an indoor heat exchanger into an inlet of a motor, thereby absorbing heat of the motor to heat and cool the motor at the same time, but because the whole system is not compact enough, and the engine is far away from the indoor heat exchanger, air leakage is serious, thereby the utilization rate of waste heat is low, and the energy efficiency of the system is low. In addition, the system does not show the advantages of double heat sources in a refrigeration mode, the evaporation temperature of the whole system cannot be increased, and high energy efficiency is difficult to achieve.
The two systems are complex in structure and low in efficiency, and requirements of the parking air conditioner for the crane on high energy efficiency, stable structure section and the like are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric parking air-conditioning system which is more suitable for a crawler crane in structure and performance, and solves the problems that the existing crawler crane air-conditioning system occupies a large space on the structure, is insufficient in heat supply in winter, is low in efficiency and frosts an outdoor heat exchanger under a low-temperature working condition, so that the integral multifunctional electric parking air-conditioning system is further provided.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for a crawler crane, which comprises a compressor, a four-way reversing valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an outdoor fan, an indoor heat exchanger, a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger, a first electronic expansion valve and a second electronic expansion valve;
the compressor, the four-way reversing valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first electronic expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger form circulation;
the second electronic expansion valve and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger which are connected with each other are connected in parallel at two ends of the indoor heat exchanger, and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger recovers heat from hot water in the engine room to integrally form a double-heat-source refrigeration cycle.
Further, the engine compartment hot water is a circulating water flow path that provides kinetic energy through a water pump.
Further, the circulating water flow path is connected to the second heat exchange passage of the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger.
Furthermore, the inlet end of the compressor is simultaneously connected with the 2B interface of the four-way reversing valve and the first heat exchange channel of the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger;
and the outlet end of the compressor is connected with the 2C interface of the four-way reversing valve.
Furthermore, one end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the port 2B of the four-way reversing valve, and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected with the first electronic expansion valve and the second electronic expansion valve;
the outdoor fan is matched with the outdoor heat exchanger for use, one end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the first electronic expansion valve, and the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the 2D port of the four-way reversing valve;
one end of the refrigerant-hot water heat exchanger is connected with the second electronic expansion valve, and the other end of the refrigerant-hot water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the compressor;
the indoor fan is matched with the indoor heat exchanger for use.
The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane has a common working mode which is a common refrigeration mode, a refrigeration + cooling engine mode, a heating mode which independently uses air as a heat source, a heating mode which independently uses hot water as a heat source, a water-air double-heat-source heating mode and a defrosting mode.
When the integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a common refrigeration mode:
the 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, and the 2C and 2D interfaces are communicated;
the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger through the 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve, exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through the first electronic expansion valve, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger, exchanges heat with indoor air to generate cold energy under the action of the indoor fan, then enters the compressor through the 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve, at the moment, the second electronic expansion valve is in a fully closed state, and the refrigerant completely flows through the branch where the indoor heat exchanger.
When the integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a refrigeration + cooling engine mode:
the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor firstly enters an outdoor heat exchanger through 2C and 2D interfaces of a four-way reversing valve, exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path of the liquid refrigerant is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve, then flows through an indoor heat exchanger to exchange heat with the indoor air to generate cold energy, and then enters the compressor through 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve; the other path of the refrigerant flows through a second electronic expansion valve to be throttled to a two-phase state, then flows through a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, the engine compartment hot water is cooled and then enters a compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor is compressed to a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters the whole refrigeration system again to circulate.
When the integrated multi-functional electric air conditioning system is in a cooling engine mode:
the indoor fan is in a closed state, the first electronic expansion valve is in a closed state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger through 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve to exchange heat with outdoor air, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger is throttled to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve, the throttled two-phase refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then directly enters the compressor through the inlet of the compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters.
The integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a heating mode, the 2A and 2C interfaces of the four-way reversing valve are communicated, the 2B and 2D interfaces are communicated, and the integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system is divided into the following three cycles according to 2 preset threshold values of the water temperature of an engine compartment:
A. when a crane is just started or parked for rest, under the condition that no hot water is completely supplied to an engine compartment, a system enters a circulation mode which independently takes air as a heat source, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from a compressor firstly enters an indoor heat exchanger through an C, A interface of a four-way reversing valve and exchanges heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is improved, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger is throttled to be in a two-phase state through an electronic expansion valve, the throttled two-phase refrigerant flows through an outdoor heat exchanger to exchange heat with the outdoor air, the throttled two-phase refrigerant enters the compressor through a D, B interface of the four-way reversing valve after absorbing the heat of the outdoor air, the refrigerant entering the compressor is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-;
B. when a crane is started for a period of time, the temperature of hot water in an engine compartment is lower but reaches a first temperature threshold value, a system enters a water-gas double-heat-source heating circulation mode, at the moment, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant coming out of a compressor firstly enters an indoor heat exchanger through an C, A interface of a four-way reversing valve to exchange heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is improved, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path of the liquid refrigerant is throttled to be in a two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve, the throttled two-phase refrigerant exchanges heat with outdoor air through an outdoor heat exchanger, and enters the compressor through a D, B interface of the four-way reversing valve; the other path of the refrigerant flows through a second electronic expansion valve and then enters a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, the refrigerant after absorbing heat directly enters a compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure state by the compressor, and finally enters the whole heating cycle again;
C. after the crane is started for a long time to work, the engine compartment can provide stable hot water and reaches a second temperature threshold value, at the moment, the air conditioning system enters a heating circulation mode which independently uses the engine compartment hot water as a heat source, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant coming out of the compressor firstly enters the indoor heat exchanger through an C, A interface of the four-way reversing valve to exchange heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is increased, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger flows through the second electronic expansion valve for throttling and then enters the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger to exchange heat with the engine compartment hot water, the heat-absorbed refrigerant directly enters the compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and finally enters the whole heating circulation again. At the moment, the first electronic expansion valve is in a full-open state, and the outdoor fan is closed.
When the integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a defrosting mode:
the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2 for defrosting, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve 10, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then directly enters the compressor 1 from the inlet of the compressor 1, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, then enters the whole system for circulation again, and at the moment, the electronic expansion valve 5 and the indoor fan 6 are in a.
The integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane mainly has the following core technical characteristics: firstly, the parking air-conditioning system adopts an integral structure, and is compact and stable in structure and convenient to install; secondly, the indoor heat exchanger is rich in working modes, and the indoor heat exchanger is connected with a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger in parallel, so that the evaporation temperature can be increased under the heating condition, the system efficiency is improved, the heat supply is increased greatly to meet the user requirements, and various working modes such as refrigeration, heating, defrosting and the like can be realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
1. the system has higher energy efficiency under the heating working condition, the system is connected with the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger in parallel, when in heating, the engine waste hot water with higher temperature can be utilized, the double-heat-source refrigeration cycle greatly improves the evaporation temperature and can reduce the cycle pressure ratio of the whole system, so the energy efficiency of the system can be obviously improved, the heating capacity of the system can be increased, and the heating requirement of a user can be better met;
2. the invention is an integral air conditioning system, has compact structure, small occupied space, convenient installation, high stability in the driving process and high service life of the air conditioner;
3. the defrosting mode is added, when the air conditioning system works in a severe cold area, the outdoor heat exchanger is easy to frost to influence the performance of the whole air conditioning system, so that the defrosting mode taking hot water of an engine as a heat source is added, and the defrosting mode has important significance for improving the performance and prolonging the service life of the whole unit;
4. the engine compartment hot water cooling mode is added, the crawler crane is in a long-term working period, the temperature of the engine is too high to avoid, the engine compartment hot water can be cooled, and the problem that the operation of the crane and the whole air conditioning system is influenced due to the overhigh temperature of the engine water is well prevented;
5. the power of the traditional crawler crane air-conditioning compressor is provided by a diesel generator, the rotating speed is low, the required compressor displacement is large under the same refrigerating/heating capacity, the economy is poor, the rotating speed of the integral electric air-conditioning engine is relatively high, and the compressor displacement is small, the size is small and the economy is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integrated dual-heat-source electric air conditioning system for a crane in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the construction of an air conditioning system of a conventional hoist in comparative example 1.
In the figure: the system comprises a compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, four interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an outdoor fan 4, an indoor fan 6, an indoor heat exchanger 7, a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a water pump 9, a first electronic expansion valve 5 and a second electronic expansion valve 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The integral double-heat-source electric air conditioning system for the crane in the embodiment has a structure shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2 (comprising four interfaces 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D), an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an outdoor fan 4, an indoor fan 6, an indoor heat exchanger 7, a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8, a water pump 9, a first electronic expansion valve 5 and a second electronic expansion valve 10.
The connection relation of each part is as follows: the inlet end of the compressor 1 is connected with a 2B interface of the four-way reversing valve 2 and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger, the outlet is connected with a 2C port of the four-way reversing valve 2, one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected with the 2B port of the four-way reversing valve 2, the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is connected with the first electronic expansion valve 5 and the second electronic expansion valve 10, the outdoor fan 4 is matched with the outdoor heat exchanger 3 for use, one end of the indoor heat exchanger 7 is connected with the first electronic expansion valve 5, the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the 2A port of the four-way reversing valve 2, one end of the refrigerant-hot water heat exchanger 8 is connected with the second electronic expansion valve 10, the air suction port of the compressor at the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 6 is.
As a core innovation point of the technical scheme, the integral type double-heat-source parking air-conditioning system has 7 working modes, namely a common refrigeration mode, a refrigeration and cooling engine mode, an engine cooling mode, a heating mode which independently uses air as a heat source, a heating mode which independently uses hot water as a heat source, a water-gas double-heat-source heating mode and a defrosting mode.
Under the common refrigeration mode, the interfaces 2A and 2B, the interfaces 2C and 2D of the four-way reversing valve 2 are communicated, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the interfaces 2C and 2D of the four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan 4, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state by a first electronic expansion valve 5, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through an indoor heat exchanger 7, the cold energy is generated by heat exchange with indoor air under the action of an indoor fan 6, then enters the compressor 1 through the interfaces 2A and 2B of the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and then the refrigerant enters the whole refrigeration system circulation again, the second electronic expansion valve 10 is in a full-closed state at the moment, and the refrigerant completely flows through the branch where the indoor heat exchanger is located.
Under the refrigeration and cooling engine mode, a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of a compressor 1 firstly enters an outdoor heat exchanger 3 through 2C and 2D interfaces of a four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan 4, then a liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is divided into two paths, one path is throttled to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve 5, then flows through an indoor heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the indoor air to generate cold energy, and then enters the compressor 1 through 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2; the other path of the refrigerant flows through a second electronic expansion valve 10 to be throttled to a two-phase state, then flows through a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, the engine compartment hot water is cooled and then enters a compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters the whole refrigeration system again to circulate.
In the engine cooling mode, the indoor fan 6 is in a closed state, and the first electronic expansion valve 5 is in a closed state. The high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger 7 through the 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2 to exchange heat with outdoor air, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve 10, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then directly enters the compressor 1 from the inlet of the compressor, and the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor and then enters the whole system again to circulate.
In a heating mode, the 2A and 2C interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2 are communicated, and the 2B and 2D interfaces are communicated, and the four-way reversing valve is divided into the following three cycles:
when a crane is just started or parked for rest, under the condition that no hot water is completely supplied to an engine compartment, a system enters a circulation mode which independently takes air as a heat source, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from a compressor 1 firstly enters an indoor heat exchanger 7 through interfaces 2C and 2A of a four-way reversing valve 2 to exchange heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is increased, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 7 is throttled to be in a two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve 5, the throttled two-phase refrigerant flows through an outdoor heat exchanger 3 to exchange heat with outdoor air, the throttled two-phase refrigerant enters the compressor 1 through interfaces 2D and 2B of the four-way reversing valve 2 after absorbing the heat of the outdoor air, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor.
When a crane is started for a period of time, but the temperature of hot water in an engine compartment is low, and the heat supply is insufficient, the system enters a water-gas double-heat-source heating circulation mode, at this time, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant coming out of a compressor 1 firstly enters an indoor heat exchanger 7 through 2C and 2A interfaces of a four-way reversing valve 2, and exchanges heat with indoor air under the action of an indoor fan 6 so as to improve the indoor temperature, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 7 is divided into two paths, one path of the liquid refrigerant is throttled to be in a two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve 5, the throttled two-phase refrigerant flows through an outdoor heat exchanger 3 and exchanges heat with the outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan 4, and enters the compressor 1 through 2D and 2B interfaces of the four-; the other path of the refrigerant flows through a second electronic expansion valve 10 and then enters a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, at the moment, the second electronic expansion valve 10 is in a fully open state, the refrigerant absorbing heat directly enters the compressor 1, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed into a high-temperature high-pressure state by the compressor, and finally enters the whole heating cycle again.
After the crane is started for a long time to work, the engine compartment can provide stable hot water, at the moment, the air conditioning system enters a heating circulation mode which solely uses the engine compartment hot water as a heat source, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant coming out of the compressor 1 firstly enters the indoor heat exchanger 7 through the 2D and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2 to exchange heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is increased, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 7 flows through the second electronic expansion valve 10 for throttling and then enters the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, the refrigerant after heat absorption directly enters the compressor 1, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and finally enters the whole heating circulation again. At this time, the first electronic expansion valve 5 is in a fully open state, and the outdoor fan is turned off.
When the crane works in a severe cold area in winter, the outdoor unit may frost due to too low outdoor temperature, at this time, the system may enter a defrosting mode, a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 1 firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve 2 to be defrosted, then a liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve 10, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger 8 to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then directly enters the compressor 1 through the inlet of the compressor, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters the whole system to circulate again, and at.
Comparative example 1
In order to highlight the innovation of the technical scheme, the integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane is compared with the traditional crane air conditioning system in the comparative example.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional crane air conditioner, and the main structure of the conventional crane air conditioner includes a compressor 1, a four-way reversing valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an outdoor fan 4, a first electronic expansion valve 5, an indoor fan 6, an indoor heat exchanger 7, a hot water-air heat exchanger 8, and a water pump 9.
The connection relation of each part is as follows: the compressor 1, the four-way reversing valve 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3, the first electronic expansion valve 5, the indoor heat exchanger 7, the four-way reversing valve 2 and the compressor 1 are sequentially connected in series, hot water in an engine compartment is pumped into a hot water-air heat exchanger 8 through a water pump 9, and the hot water and refrigeration cycle do not have heat exchange, so that the two independent systems are provided.
In a refrigeration mode of the system, a high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of a compressor 1 enters an outdoor heat exchanger 3 through a four-way reversing valve 2, exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan 4, then a liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve 5, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through an indoor heat exchanger 7, exchanges heat with the indoor air under the action of an indoor fan 6 to generate cold energy, then enters the compressor 1 through the four-way reversing valve 2, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, then enters the whole refrigeration system again to circulate, at the moment, a water pump 9 is closed, and hot.
In the heating mode of the system, a high-temperature high-pressure state refrigerant from a compressor 1 firstly enters an indoor heat exchanger 7 through a four-way reversing valve 2 and exchanges heat with indoor air, so that the indoor temperature is increased, then the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 7 is throttled to be in a two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve 5, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant exchanges heat with outdoor air through an outdoor heat exchanger 3, the throttled two-phase state refrigerant enters the compressor 1 through the four-way reversing valve 2 after absorbing the heat of the outdoor air, the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 is compressed to be in a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, and finally enters the whole heating cycle again. At the moment, the water pump is started, and the hot water in the engine compartment assists in supplying heat.
The conventional crawler crane air conditioner mainly has the following defects:
1. the system is divided into 3 modules, namely a compressor module 1, an outdoor heat exchanger and outdoor fan module 2, an indoor heat exchanger, an indoor fan and a hot water-air heat exchanger module 3, and because the position of a crane engine is far away from a cockpit, connecting pipes among the modules of the split air conditioning system are long, the whole system is not compact enough, the stability is not high in the driving process, the situations of refrigerant connecting pipeline breakage and the like are easy to occur, and the installation is inconvenient;
2. the power of the traditional crawler crane air conditioner compressor is provided by a diesel generator, the rotating speed is low, and the displacement of the required compressor is large and the economical efficiency is poor under the same refrigerating/heating capacity;
3. in the traditional crawler crane air-conditioning system, engine compartment hot water circulation and refrigerant circulation are two independent circulations, and under the heating condition, engine compartment hot water cannot be used as a high-temperature heat source to participate in the whole heating circulation and can only supply heat independently;
4. when the crane works in a severe cold area in winter, the outdoor heat exchanger is very easy to frost to influence the performance of the whole air conditioning system, and the traditional crane air conditioner is lack of a defrosting mode;
5. the engine temperature of the crane is high after the crane runs for a long time, the influence on power is great, and the working efficiency of the whole air conditioning system and the crane can be reduced.
In conclusion, compared with the traditional crawler crane air conditioner, the integrated double-heat-source electric air conditioning system has the advantages of high energy efficiency, compact structure, convenience in installation, high system stability, capability of realizing a defrosting mode and an engine cooling mode, large heating capacity, high economy and the like, can well overcome the defects of the traditional crawler crane air conditioning system at present, and improves the working efficiency of the whole air conditioning system and a crane.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for a crawler crane is characterized by comprising a compressor (1), a four-way reversing valve (2), an outdoor heat exchanger (3), an outdoor fan (4), an indoor fan (6), an indoor heat exchanger (7), a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8), a first electronic expansion valve (5) and a second electronic expansion valve (10);
the compressor (1), the four-way reversing valve (2), the outdoor heat exchanger (3), the first electronic expansion valve (5) and the indoor heat exchanger (7) form a cycle;
the second electronic expansion valve (10) and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8) which are connected with each other are connected in parallel with two ends of the indoor heat exchanger (7), and the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8) recovers heat from hot water in an engine compartment and integrally forms a double-heat-source refrigeration cycle.
2. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 1, wherein the engine room hot water is a circulating water flow path, and the circulating water flow path is provided with kinetic energy through a water pump (9).
3. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 2, wherein the circulating water flow path is connected with the second heat exchange channel of the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8).
4. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 3, wherein the inlet end of the compressor (1) is simultaneously connected with the 2B interface of the four-way reversing valve (2) and the first heat exchange channel of the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger;
the outlet end of the compressor (1) is connected with the 2C interface of the four-way reversing valve (2).
5. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 4, wherein one end of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is connected with the port 2B of the four-way reversing valve (2), and the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger is simultaneously connected with the first electronic expansion valve (5) and the second electronic expansion valve (10);
the outdoor fan (4) is matched with the outdoor heat exchanger (3) for use, one end of the indoor heat exchanger (7) is connected with the first electronic expansion valve (5), and the other end of the indoor heat exchanger is connected with the 2A port of the four-way reversing valve (2);
one end of the refrigerant-hot water heat exchanger (8) is connected with the second electronic expansion valve (10), and the other end of the refrigerant-hot water heat exchanger is connected with the inlet end of the compressor (1);
the indoor fan (6) is matched with the indoor heat exchanger (7) for use.
6. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 5, wherein when the integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a normal cooling mode:
the 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2) are communicated, and the 2C and 2D interfaces are communicated;
high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor (1) firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger (3) through 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2), exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan (4), then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is throttled to a gas-liquid two-phase state through the first electronic expansion valve (5), the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger (7), exchanges heat with indoor air under the action of the indoor fan (6) to generate cold energy, and then enters the compressor (1) through the 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2), at the moment, the second electronic expansion valve (10) is in a fully closed state, and all the refrigerant flows through a branch where the indoor heat exchanger is located.
7. The integrated multi-functional electric air conditioning system for a crawler crane according to claim 5, wherein when said integrated multi-functional electric air conditioning system is in a cooling + cooling engine mode:
high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor (1) firstly enters an outdoor heat exchanger (3) through 2C and 2D interfaces of a four-way reversing valve (2), exchanges heat with outdoor air under the action of an outdoor fan (4), then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is divided into two paths, one path of refrigerant is throttled to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state through a first electronic expansion valve (5), then flows through an indoor heat exchanger (7) to exchange heat with indoor air to generate cold energy, and then enters the compressor (1) through 2A and 2B interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2); the other path of the refrigerant flows through a second electronic expansion valve (10) to be throttled to a two-phase state, then flows through a hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8) to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water, the cooled engine compartment hot water also enters a compressor (1), the refrigerant entering the compressor (1) is compressed to a high-temperature high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters the whole refrigeration system again to circulate.
8. The integrated multi-functional electric air conditioning system for a crawler crane of claim 5, wherein when in cooling engine mode:
the indoor fan (6) is in a closed state, the first electronic expansion valve (5) is in a closed state, high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant output by the compressor firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger (3) through 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2) to exchange heat with outdoor air, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is throttled to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve (10), the throttled two-phase refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8) to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then the throttled two-phase refrigerant directly enters the compressor (1) through the compressor inlet, the refrigerant entering the compressor (1) is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the.
9. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 5, wherein when the integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a heating mode, the 2A and 2C interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2) are communicated, and the 2B and 2D interfaces are communicated, and the integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system is divided into the following three cycles according to preset 2 threshold values of water temperature of an engine compartment:
A. when the crane is just started or parked for rest, the system enters a circulation mode which takes air as a heat source independently under the condition that the engine compartment is completely free of hot water supply;
B. when the crane is started for a period of time, the temperature of hot water in an engine cabin is lower but reaches a first temperature threshold value, and the system enters a water-gas double-heat-source heating circulation mode;
C. after the crane is started for a long time, the engine room can provide stable hot water, and the second temperature threshold is reached, and then the air conditioning system enters a heating circulation mode which takes the engine room hot water as a heat source.
10. The integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system for the crawler crane according to claim 5, wherein when the integrated multifunctional electric air conditioning system is in a defrosting mode:
high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor (1) firstly enters the outdoor heat exchanger (3) through 2C and 2D interfaces of the four-way reversing valve (2) for defrosting, then liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger (3) is throttled to be in a gas-liquid two-phase state through the second electronic expansion valve (10), the throttled two-phase state refrigerant flows through the hot water-refrigerant heat exchanger (8) to exchange heat with engine compartment hot water to cool the engine compartment hot water, then directly enters the compressor (1) through the inlet of the compressor (1), the refrigerant entering the compressor (1) is compressed to be in a high-temperature and high-pressure state through the compressor, and then enters the whole system for circulation again, and at the moment, the electronic expansion valve (5) and the indoor.
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| CN202011161980.5A CN112223982A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for crawler crane |
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| CN202011161980.5A CN112223982A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Integral multifunctional electric air conditioning system for crawler crane |
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