CN112217204A - Micro-grid simulation method containing wave energy power generation device - Google Patents
Micro-grid simulation method containing wave energy power generation device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a microgrid simulation method comprising wave energy power generation devices, which comprises the steps of firstly simulating a wave energy power generation system, obtaining a wave energy power generation system model, then modeling a photovoltaic and energy storage system by adopting an external characteristic equivalence modeling method, obtaining a photovoltaic and energy storage model, and generating a three-phase component of a power grid by the photovoltaic and energy storage model and injecting the three-phase component into a microgrid model; after a photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model is built, a wave energy power generation system model is merged into a microgrid model, simulation analysis is carried out on the microgrid model after grid connection through the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model, the problem that the wave energy is difficult to couple with the photovoltaic and energy storage aspects after being merged into the microgrid is solved through a simulation analysis mode, reliable operation of the microgrid is guaranteed, and a theoretical basis is provided for practical application of the wave energy to the microgrid in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system simulation, in particular to a micro-grid simulation method comprising a wave energy power generation device.
Background
The wave energy is a specific form of ocean energy and is one of the most important energy sources in the ocean energy, the geographical position of the south sea island is far away from the continent, the power supply is mainly generated by fuel oil, the power consumption cost is high, and the environmental pollution is large, so the wave energy serving as renewable clean energy can become a main energy supply mode of a deep-Brillouin island in the future, the micro-grid is a small-sized power generation and distribution system organically integrating a distributed power supply, a load, an energy storage device, a current transformer and a monitoring and protection device, the grid-connected or island operation of the micro-grid can be realized by means of key technologies such as operation control, energy management and the like of the micro-grid, the adverse effect of the intermittent distributed power supply on the power distribution network is reduced, the output of the distributed power supply is utilized to the maximum extent, the power supply reliability and the power quality are improved, and the, the method is generally considered to be one of effective modes of utilizing a distributed power supply, so that the method is particularly important for simulation test of a micro-grid system connected with a wave energy power generation device.
The publication number is CN107403047A, and discloses a simulation method for a microgrid comprising distributed power supplies such as solar energy and wind energy, and the simulation method relates to simulation of the microgrid comprising the distributed power supplies, but the distributed power supplies do not comprise wave energy power generation devices, and simulation of the microgrid comprising the wave energy power generation devices cannot be realized, namely guidance cannot be provided for practical application of wave energy.
A portable wave energy power generation simulation test device with the publication number of CN209044031U discloses a simulation test host, a signal conversion box and a power amplifier, electric signals generated during wave energy power generation are simulated through the simulation test host, the simulated signals are transmitted to electric secondary equipment through the combined action of the signal conversion box, the power amplifier and the power amplifier, and the influence of the wave energy power generation system access on an actual power grid is simulated.
In the modeling and simulation of the wave energy power generation system published by the electrotechnical technology Cn50-1072/tm, the wave energy power generation system is just modeled and simulated, but in the island microgrid system, the wave energy power generation system not only comprises conventional power supplies such as a wave energy generator, but also comprises distributed new energy power generation devices such as photovoltaic power generation devices and energy storage devices, and how to model the microgrid comprising various types of power supplies and ensure the reliable operation of the microgrid becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a micro-grid simulation method comprising a wave energy power generation device, which can overcome the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a micro-grid simulation method comprising a wave energy power generation device is based on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform for simulation, and comprises the following steps:
s1, simulating the wave energy power generation system on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform to obtain a wave energy power generation system model;
s2, modeling the photovoltaic and energy storage system by adopting an external characteristic equivalent modeling method to obtain a photovoltaic and energy storage model, and generating a three-phase component of a power grid by the photovoltaic and energy storage model and injecting the three-phase component into the microgrid model;
s3, constructing a photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model;
and S4, merging the wave energy power generation system model into the microgrid model, and carrying out simulation analysis on the microgrid model after grid connection by the photovoltaic and energy storage sub microgrid energy management strategy model.
The simulation of the wave power generation system in the step S1 includes simulation of the energy accumulator and its characteristics, the hydraulic motor and its output torque, and the permanent magnet generator and its load.
Before modeling the photovoltaic and energy storage system by using an external characteristic equivalent modeling method, the step S2 needs to collect model parameters, the technical parameters of the photovoltaic system include open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, maximum power point current, illumination intensity and ambient temperature, and the technical parameters of the energy storage system include battery capacity, rated current, rated voltage, open-circuit voltage, battery internal resistance, ambient temperature, maximum charging power and maximum discharging power.
The photovoltaic and energy storage model of the step S2 includes an active/reactive power control model and a grid-connected current source control model.
The active/reactive power control model comprises the following specific steps:
step S21, obtaining an active parameter value Pref；
Step S22, determining whether the link is a closed-loop link or an open-loop link according to the operation control word, if the link is the closed-loop link, turning to step S23, and if the link is the open-loop link, turning to step S24;
step S23, the active parameter value PrefSubtracting the measured value of the current output active power to obtain an active power deviation, and obtaining an active power current instruction I after a proportional integral linkpcmd；
Step S24, the active parameter value PrefDividing the voltage by the voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtaining an active current instruction I through an inertia linkpcmd。
The grid-connected current source control model generates an active current instruction I according to the active/reactive power control modelpcmdThe method comprises the following steps of generating required injection current and merging the injection current into a power grid:
step S25, commanding the active current IpcmdInputting an inertia link;
step S26, the current parameter output by the inertia element and the voltage V measured by the grid-connected pointtAnd the input is input into a high voltage ride through judgment logic link, and the high voltage ride through judgment logic link converts the input into a three-phase component of the power grid and injects the three-phase component into the power grid.
The photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model of the step S3 comprises model input, strategy mode selection and model output.
The model input comprises sub-microgrid conforming power, current energy storage power, current photovoltaic power, strategy mode control words, an upper layer power obeying instruction and an upper layer photovoltaic absorption instruction, and the model output comprises an energy storage active instruction, a breaker on-off signal and current photovoltaic absorption rate.
The policy modes include a power compliance mode, a consumption compliance mode and an internal balancing mode,
the control logic for the power obeying mode is:
the control logic of the extinction compliance mode is:
the control logic of the internal balance mode is as follows:
wherein P is0、Q0Real-time power, P, for sub-microgrid photovoltaic systems1、Q1Real-time active and reactive power, P, for sub-microgrid compliancein、QinPower compliance directives, P, issued for upper layer energy management policiesout、QoutAnd the active and reactive reference constant values of the battery energy storage system are obtained, and K is the photovoltaic absorption rate of the sub-microgrid.
And step S4, after the wave energy power generation system model is merged into the microgrid model, the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model processes the wave energy power generation system model and generates an energy storage active instruction, a circuit breaker switching-on/off signal and the current photovoltaic absorption rate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a microgrid simulation method containing a wave energy power generation device, which can be used for coupling and simulating a plurality of energy sources such as wave energy, photovoltaic and energy storage after grid connection, provides theoretical support for practical use, ensures reliable operation of a microgrid in practical use, and realizes microgrid control strategy verification and microgrid operation analysis containing the wave energy power generation device.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a micro-grid simulation method including a wave energy power generation device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic power generation system of the micro-grid simulation method including the wave energy power generation device according to the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of functional division of a photovoltaic/energy storage model of the micro-grid simulation method including the wave energy power generation device according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a functional block diagram of an active/reactive power control model of a photovoltaic/energy storage model of the microgrid simulation method including a wave energy power generation device according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of an active/reactive power control model of a photovoltaic/energy storage model of the microgrid simulation method including a wave energy power generation device according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a grid-connected current source control model of a photovoltaic/energy storage model of the micro-grid simulation method including the wave energy power generation device according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the technical content of the present invention, a specific embodiment is provided below, and the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the micro-grid simulation method including the wave energy power generation device provided by the invention is used for simulating based on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform, and comprises the following steps:
s1, simulating the wave energy power generation system on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform to obtain a wave energy power generation system model;
preferably, the simulating the wave energy power generation system in step S1 includes simulating an accumulator and characteristics thereof, a hydraulic motor and output torque thereof, and a permanent magnet generator and load thereof.
S2, modeling the photovoltaic and energy storage system by adopting an external characteristic equivalent modeling method to obtain a photovoltaic and energy storage model, and generating a three-phase component of a power grid by the photovoltaic and energy storage model and injecting the three-phase component into the microgrid model;
for the modeling of the photovoltaic and energy storage system, the related modeling work is carried out by adopting an external characteristic equivalent modeling mode, because the photovoltaic and energy storage and other new energy power generation systems can be connected into a power grid only by adopting a four-quadrant converter; looking outward from the access point, the access point is equivalent to a controllable current source for injecting or absorbing electric energy into a power grid, currently, a four-quadrant converter of the power grid access point mostly adopts a PQ decoupling control mode, active and reactive components in current components can be respectively controlled, before modeling, model parameters of photovoltaic and energy storage need to be collected, the collected parameters are mainly rated parameters of physical components, and parameters of a photovoltaic system are as follows:
the parameters of the energy storage system are as follows:
after parameters are collected, relevant model control logics need to be determined, the photovoltaic and the energy storage are similar in composition structure, for example, the photovoltaic is taken as the following figure, a photovoltaic power generation system structure schematic diagram shown in fig. 2 is referred, a photovoltaic panel assembly PV is connected with an inverter DC/AC through a voltage stabilizing capacitor C and then is merged into a power grid through a filter, if the photovoltaic panel assembly PV is an energy storage system, a photovoltaic battery is replaced by an energy storage battery, the photovoltaic/energy storage model can be divided into an active/reactive power control model and a grid-connected current source control model, as shown in fig. 3, for the photovoltaic system, the active output of the photovoltaic system depends on the conversion effect of a photovoltaic panel on solar energy; for the energy storage system, the active output of the energy storage system depends on the SOC level of the energy storage battery and a power control signal sent by an upper control system (such as a sub-microgrid energy management strategy described later), and the photovoltaic/energy storage system generally only outputs active power, so the reactive reference value is generally set to 0.
For a photovoltaic system, the following practical engineering model equation of the photovoltaic module is provided:
wherein,
in the formula ISC、VOC、IM、VMShort-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, maximum power current and maximum power voltage in technical parameters are substituted into the formula to obtain the photovoltaic surfaceThe operating curve of the panel and the value of the maximum outputtable power point.
By substituting C1 and C2 into the above formula, the I-V curve of the photovoltaic cell under standard test conditions can be determined. Since the I-V curves vary at different light intensities S and battery temperatures T, a set of I-V curves also needs to be determined according to the different light intensities and battery temperatures. Let the illumination intensity reference value
Then the following calculation formula is given:
Voc＝Voc(1-∝ΔT)|n(1+bΔS)
Voc＝Voc(1-∝ΔT)|n(1+bΔS)，
typical values of the coefficients a, b and c are 0.0025, 0.5 and 0.00288 respectively, and the formula is used for calculating I under different illumination intensities and temperaturessC、VOC、IM、VMThen, a series of I-V characteristic curves can be obtained finally.
An active/reactive (PQ) power control model is used to simulate the relevant control logic of a grid-connected inverter, and a functional block diagram thereof is shown in fig. 4, and a specific control flow is shown in fig. 5, and the method includes the following steps:
step S21, operating the curve or the sub-curve by the photovoltaic panelActive parameter value P acquired by microgrid energy management strategy systemref；
Step S22, determining whether the link is a closed-loop link or an open-loop link according to the operation control word, if the link is the closed-loop link, turning to step S23, and if the link is the open-loop link, turning to step S24;
step S23, the active parameter value PrefSubtracting the measured value of the current output active power to obtain an active power deviation, and obtaining an active power current instruction I after a proportional integral linkpcmd；
Step S24, the active parameter value PrefDividing the voltage by the voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtaining an active current instruction I through an inertia linkpcmd。
The grid-connected current source control model has the function of generating required injection current according to a current instruction sent by the PQ power control model and merging the injection current into a power grid, and a functional block diagram of the grid-connected current source control model is shown in FIG. 6, and the grid-connected current source control model specifically comprises the following steps:
step S25, active current command IpcmdAnd a reactive current command IqcmdAn input inertia element for simulating a hysteresis effect of the inverter;
step S26, the current parameter output by the inertia element and the voltage V measured by the grid-connected pointtAnd the input is input into a high/low voltage ride through judgment logic link to simulate the protection function of a photovoltaic/energy storage system under the high/low voltage condition, and finally, an active/reactive current instruction is converted into a three-phase component of the power grid and is injected into the power grid.
S3, constructing a photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model;
the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model of the step S3 comprises model input, strategy mode selection and model output.
Preferably, the model input comprises sub-microgrid conforming power, current energy storage power, current photovoltaic power, strategy mode control words, an upper layer power obeying instruction and an upper layer photovoltaic absorption instruction, the model output comprises an energy storage active instruction, a breaker on-off signal and the current photovoltaic absorption rate, and the energy storage active instruction is directly used as the input of the energy storage control system; the circuit breaker on-off signal can be used for tripping on the networking switches of the sub-micro-grid and the main grid; the current photovoltaic absorption rate corresponds to the power distribution effect in the absorption mode.
For compliance, energy storage and photovoltaic power values, the method can be realized by connecting measuring elements such as a power meter in series with corresponding branches and introducing signals of the measuring elements into a model, strategy mode control words are manually specified, such as 1 corresponds to a power obeying mode, 2 corresponds to a consumption obeying mode, 3 corresponds to an internal balancing mode, upper layer power obeying instructions are manually specified, such as 10Mw for power, 2MVar for reactive power are input into the sub-microgrid from the main network, 10Mw and 2MVar for reactive power are input, and upper layer photovoltaic consumption rate instructions are manually specified, such as 0.7, 70% of photovoltaic power is consumed by an upper layer power grid.
For the strategy mode, the strategy mode comprises a power obeying mode, a consumption obeying mode and a sub-microgrid internal balancing mode, and in the power obeying mode, the sub-microgrid energy manager aims to: by controlling the power of the energy storage module, the requirement of an upper-layer manager is met as much as possible according to an P, Q instruction issued by the upper-layer energy manager on the premise of meeting the local load; under the absorption obeying mode, the energy manager changes the output power of the light storage system according to a command issued by the upper-layer controller, so that the power proportion between a local load and the power supplied to an upper-layer power grid is changed, and the photovoltaic absorption rate of the sub-microgrid and the photovoltaic absorption rate of the upper-layer power grid are met as much as possible; in the internal balance mode, the sub-microgrid energy manager aims at: by controlling the power of the energy storage module and not considering the requirement of an upper energy manager, the power generation and the power consumption in the sub-micro grid are balanced, so that the energy exchange is reduced as much as possible.
The control logic for the power obeying mode is:
the control logic of the extinction compliance mode is:
the control logic of the internal balance mode is as follows:
wherein P is0、Q0Real-time power, P, for sub-microgrid photovoltaic systems1、Q1Real-time active and reactive power, P, for sub-microgrid compliancein、QinPower compliance directives, P, issued for upper layer energy management policiesout、QoutAnd the active and reactive reference constant values of the battery energy storage system are obtained, and K is the photovoltaic absorption rate of the sub-microgrid.
The photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model belongs to a self-defined control model in a simulation software model, in each step of simulation, the model of a conventional network of a power grid, such as a generator, a line or a transformer, can be solved, various control models can be solved in a unified manner, for example, the photovoltaic/energy storage controller and the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model, as the output quantity of the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model comprises an energy storage active instruction, the strategy model can be solved firstly to obtain an instruction value, then relevant control logic of energy storage is operated, and further the power output of the energy storage system is adjusted.
And S4, merging the wave energy power generation system model into the microgrid model, and carrying out simulation analysis on the microgrid model after grid connection by the photovoltaic and energy storage sub microgrid energy management strategy model.
And step S4, after the wave energy power generation system model is merged into the microgrid model, the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model processes the wave energy power generation system model and generates an energy storage active instruction, a circuit breaker switching-on/off signal and the current photovoltaic absorption rate.
The generated instruction can be used for adjusting the output of a photovoltaic system and an energy storage system, so that a micro-grid after wave energy is incorporated can be compatible with the use of various energy sources, the reliable operation of the micro-grid is ensured, and when a wave energy power supply normally generates electricity and is smoothly connected with the grid, if the micro-grid works in a power compliance mode or a consumption compliance mode, the PQ instruction value received by the sub-micro-grid energy manager is reduced; when the micro-grid is operated in the internal balance mode of the sub-micro-grid, the micro-grid is not influenced because the micro-grid does not consider the instruction issued by the upper management strategy.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A micro-grid simulation method comprising a wave energy power generation device is based on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform for simulation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, simulating the wave energy power generation system on an electromechanical electromagnetic transient simulation platform to obtain a wave energy power generation system model;
s2, modeling the photovoltaic and energy storage system by adopting an external characteristic equivalent modeling method to obtain a photovoltaic and energy storage model, and generating a three-phase component of a power grid by the photovoltaic and energy storage model and injecting the three-phase component into the microgrid model;
s3, constructing a photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model;
and S4, merging the wave energy power generation system model into the microgrid model, and carrying out simulation analysis on the microgrid model after grid connection by the photovoltaic and energy storage sub microgrid energy management strategy model.
2. The simulation method for the microgrid comprising wave energy power generation devices of claim 1, wherein the simulation of the wave energy power generation system in the step S1 includes simulation of an accumulator and characteristics thereof, a hydraulic motor and output torque thereof, and a permanent magnet generator and load thereof.
3. The method for simulating the microgrid including wave energy power generation devices according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the step S2, before modeling the photovoltaic and energy storage systems by using an external characteristic equivalence modeling method, model parameters need to be collected, the technical parameters of the photovoltaic system include open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point voltage, maximum power point current, illumination intensity and ambient temperature, and the technical parameters of the energy storage system include battery capacity, rated current, rated voltage, open-circuit voltage, battery internal resistance, ambient temperature, maximum charging power and maximum discharging power.
4. The simulation method for a microgrid comprising wave energy generation devices according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic and energy storage models of the step S2 include an active/reactive power control model and a grid-connected current source control model.
5. The microgrid simulation method containing wave energy power generation devices according to claim 4, characterized in that the concrete steps of the active/reactive power control model include:
step S21, obtaining an active parameter value Pref；
Step S22, determining whether the link is a closed-loop link or an open-loop link according to the operation control word, if the link is the closed-loop link, turning to step S23, and if the link is the open-loop link, turning to step S24;
step S23, the active parameter value PrefSubtracting the measured value of the current output active power to obtain an active power deviation, and obtaining an active power current instruction I after a proportional integral linkpcmd；
Step S24, the active parameter value PrefDividing the voltage by the voltage at the grid-connected point, and obtaining an active current instruction I through an inertia linkpcmd。
6. The method for simulating a microgrid comprising wave energy power generation devices according to claim 5, characterized in that the grid-connected current source control model generates an active current command I according to an active/reactive power control modelpcmdThe method comprises the following steps of generating required injection current and merging the injection current into a power grid:
step S25, commanding the active current IpcmdInputting an inertia link;
step S26, the current parameter output by the inertia element and the voltage V measured by the grid-connected pointtThe input is input into a high voltage ride through judgment logic link, and the high voltage ride through judgment logic link converts the input into a power gridThe three-phase components are injected into the grid.
7. The microgrid simulation method containing wave energy power generation devices according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model of the step S3 includes model input, strategy mode selection and model output.
8. The method for simulating a microgrid including wave energy power generation devices according to claim 7, characterized in that the model inputs include sub-microgrid conforming power, current energy storage power, current photovoltaic power, strategy mode control words, upper layer power compliance instructions, upper layer photovoltaic absorption instructions, and the model outputs include energy storage active instructions, circuit breaker switching-on and switching-off signals, and current photovoltaic absorption rates.
9. The method of microgrid simulation involving wave energy generation apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the strategy modes include a power compliance mode, a consumption compliance mode, and an internal balancing mode,
the control logic for the power obeying mode is:
the control logic of the extinction compliance mode is:
the control logic of the internal balance mode is as follows:
wherein P is0、Q0Real-time power, P, for sub-microgrid photovoltaic systems1、Q1Real-time active and reactive power, P, for sub-microgrid compliancein、QinPower compliance directives, P, issued for upper layer energy management policiesout、QoutAnd the active and reactive reference constant values of the battery energy storage system are obtained, and K is the photovoltaic absorption rate of the sub-microgrid.
10. The microgrid simulation method comprising wave energy power generation devices according to claim 8, characterized in that after the wave energy power generation system model is incorporated into the microgrid model in step S4, the photovoltaic and energy storage sub-microgrid energy management strategy model processes the wave energy power generation system model and generates an energy storage active instruction, a circuit breaker on-off signal and a current photovoltaic absorption rate.
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