CN112216433B - High-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein a fire-resistant flame-retardant material is prepared in the process of preparing the high-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable, the fire-resistant flame-retardant material contains graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, the graphite, the silicon carbide, the magnesium oxide and the zirconium dioxide are all high-flame-retardant materials, meanwhile, when the cable is burnt, the fire-resistant flame-retardant material can generate oxyacid of phosphorus, the oxyacid of the phosphorus is used for catalyzing hydroxyl-containing compounds to dehydrate into carbon, so that a coke layer is generated on the surface of a heat-preserving material, the coke layer can insulate oxygen and insulate heat to extinguish flame, and compared with the traditional phosphorus flame retardants, the high-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable is not easy to separate from a body, so that the flame retardance of a conveying belt is more durable, and the flame-retardant effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cable preparation, and particularly relates to a high-flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous progress and development of society, the living standard of people is improved, people pay more and more attention to the safety in life, but when people pursue high-quality life and enjoy mass life in shopping malls, large theaters and the like, the fire prevention safety is more and more important and urgent, the occurrence report of each large fire is synthesized, wherein the fire caused by the spontaneous combustion of the electric wire and the electric cable accounts for a large proportion, and the proportion of personal casualties caused by the fire and the electric wire and the electric cable also accounts for a large proportion, for example, the electric wire and the electric cable which bear the electric power transmission in a short time after the fire happens generate the electric power transmission interruption, so that the elevator and the lighting can not work normally, and people can avoid selecting the path to cause casualties.
The existing fire-resistant cable has certain fire resistance, but flame cannot be quickly extinguished in the combustion process, so that the cable is seriously damaged, the use of the cable is influenced, and great economic loss is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable and a preparation method thereof.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
the existing fire-resistant cable has certain fire resistance, but flame cannot be quickly extinguished in the combustion process, so that the cable is seriously damaged, the use of the cable is influenced, and great economic loss is easily caused.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-flame-retardance medium-voltage fire-resistant cable comprises a conductor and a first wrapping layer, wherein a conductor shielding layer is installed on the outer surface of the conductor in a wrapping mode, an insulating layer is installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer in a wrapping mode, an insulating shielding layer is installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer in a wrapping mode, a metal shielding layer is installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer in a wrapping mode, the conductor shielding layer, the insulating shielding layer and the metal shielding layer are compounded to form a cable core, three cable cores are evenly installed inside the first wrapping layer, filler is arranged inside the first wrapping layer, a first fire-resistant layer is installed on the outer surface of the first wrapping layer in a wrapping mode, a cooling oxygen-isolating layer is installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer in a wrapping mode, a second fire-resistant layer is installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer in a wrapping mode, and a second wrapping layer is installed on the outer surface of the metal fire-isolating layer, the outer surface of the second wrapping layer is wrapped and installed with a sheath.
Furthermore, the conductor shielding layer adopts an extruded semi-conducting layer, the insulating layer is made of a cross-linked polyethylene material, the insulating shielding layer is made of graphite nylon, the metal shielding layer is made of metal copper, the first wrapping layer and the second wrapping layer are made of glass fiber tapes, the filler is made of alkali-free glass fiber yarns, the cooling oxygen-insulating layer is made of CAB-5504 materials, the first fire-resistant layer and the second fire-resistant layer are made of fire-resistant flame-retardant materials, the metal fire-blocking layer is made of metal steel tapes, and the sheath is made of high-flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin materials.
The high-flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin material is prepared by the following steps:
step 1: mixing 40 parts of EVA elastomer, 20 parts of POE elastomer and 20 parts of EMA elastomer to prepare a first mixture, adding the first mixture into a double-screw extruder, and extruding at the temperature of 190 ℃ to prepare a base material;
and 2, step: and (2) mixing the base material prepared in the step (1), 30 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 0.5 part of dicumyl peroxide to prepare a second mixture, reducing the temperature of the mixture, adding the mixture into a double-screw extruder, and extruding the mixture at the temperature of 170 ℃ to prepare the high-flame-retardant low-smoke halogen-free polyolefin material.
Further, the fire-resistant flame-retardant material is prepared by the following steps:
step A1: adding phenolic resin and ethanol into a stirring kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 300-plus-500 r/min until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, adding graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, continuously stirring for 1-1.5h, drying at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, keeping the pressure at 10-15MPa for 20-40s, keeping the temperature at 1800 ℃ for 3-5h to prepare a base material, adding the base material and deionized water into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 120-plus-150 r/min, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stirring at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 2-3h to prepare a pre-carrier;
step A2: adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, deionized water and sodium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150-200r/min and at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and reacting at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 3-5h to obtain an organosilicon emulsion;
step A3: adding resorcinol and sulfuric acid solution into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding fuming nitric acid under the conditions that the rotating speed is 150-65 ℃ and the temperature is 60-65 ℃, cooling to 25-30 ℃ after stirring for 2-3h, adding deionized water, filtering to remove filtrate, dissolving a filter cake into phosphorus oxychloride, adding magnesium chloride, reacting for 3-5h under the conditions that the rotating speed is 150-200r/min and the temperature is 90-100 ℃, distilling at the temperature of 110-120 ℃, removing distillate, and preparing an intermediate A;
the reaction process is as follows:
step A4: adding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly at the rotation speed of 120-80 ℃ for 150r/min, adding the intermediate A prepared in the step A3, performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 20-25h to prepare an intermediate B, adding the intermediate B and 1, 4-dioxane into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150-200r/min until the intermediate B is completely dissolved, adding DOPO, and performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 10-15h to prepare an intermediate C;
the reaction process is as follows:
step A5: dissolving the intermediate C prepared in the step A4 in toluene, adding tin powder and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 30-40min at the rotation speed of 120-150 (plus) min and the temperature of 80-90 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution to 8-9, removing the filter, distilling the filtrate to remove toluene to obtain an intermediate D, adding phenylphosphoryl dichloride and aluminum chloride into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 120-150 (plus) min and the temperature of 50-60 ℃, introducing methyl chloride, reacting for 1-2h, filtering to remove the filter to obtain an intermediate E, adding the intermediate D into the intermediate E, and reacting for 3-5h at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain an intermediate F;
the reaction process is as follows:
step A6: dissolving the intermediate F in tetrahydrofuran, introducing chlorine, reacting for 1-1.5h under the condition of illumination, adding the organic silicon emulsion prepared in the step A2, stirring for 1-3h under the conditions of the rotation speed of 200-5 ℃ at 300r/min and the temperature of 50-70 ℃, adding the pre-carrier prepared in the step A1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2-3h under the condition of the frequency of 3-5MHz, and drying at the temperature of 150-160 ℃ to prepare the refractory flame-retardant material.
Further, the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the ethanol in the step A1 is 1:3, the mass ratio of the graphite, the silicon carbide, the magnesium oxide and the zirconium dioxide is 1:1:1:1, the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the graphite is 1:5, and the mass ratio of the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 3-5% of the mass of the base material.
Further, the dosage of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the deionized water, the sodium hydroxide, the phenyltriethoxysilane, the hydrochloric acid solution and the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in the step A2 is 1-3g, 10mL, 0.5-1 g: 0.5-0.8g, 1mL, 0.5-0.8g, and the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 15%.
Further, the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the fuming nitric acid in the step A3 is 1:1, the dosage of the sulfuric acid solution is 30-40% of the volume of the fuming sulfuric acid, the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 75-80%, the dosage of the deionized water and the sulfuric acid solution is 1:1, the dosage of the filter cake and the phosphorus oxychloride is 2:1-1.2, and the dosage of the magnesium chloride is 8-10% of the mass of the filter cake.
Further, the dosage ratio of the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, the tetrahydrofuran, the triethylamine and the intermediate A in the step A4 is 8g to 20mL to 7g to 5g, and the dosage molar ratio of the intermediate B to the DOPO is 1: 2.
Further, the dosage ratio of the intermediate C, the tin powder and the hydrochloric acid solution in the step A5 is 3-4: g:9g:20mL, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 36-40%, the dosage molar ratio of the phenylphosphoryl dichloride to the monochloromethane is 1:1, the dosage of the aluminum chloride is 5-10% of the mass of the phenylphosphoryl dichloride, and the dosage ratio of the intermediate D to the intermediate E is 2: 1.
Further, the molar ratio of the intermediate F to the chlorine in the step A6 is 2:1, and the mass ratio of the intermediate F, the organosilicon emulsion and the pre-carrier is 1-1.5:5: 0.5.
A preparation method of a high-flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: coating a conductor shielding layer 2 on the outer surface of a conductor 1, coating an insulating layer 3 on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer 2, coating an insulating shielding layer 4 on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3, and coating a metal shielding layer 5 on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 4 to obtain a cable core;
step S2: the three cable cores are arranged inside a first wrapping layer 6 in a triangular mode, filler 7 is filled inside the first wrapping layer 6, a first fire-resistant layer 8 is coated on the outer surface of the first wrapping layer 6, an oxygen layer 9 is coated and cooled on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer 8, a second fire-resistant layer 10 is coated on the outer surface of the oxygen layer 9 and cooled, a metal fire-blocking layer 11 is coated on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, a second wrapping layer 12 is coated on the outer surface of the metal fire-blocking layer 11, a sheath 13 is coated on the outer surface of the second wrapping layer 12, and the high-flame-retardant medium-pressure fire-resistant cable is manufactured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention prepares a fire-resistant flame-retardant material in the process of preparing a high-flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable, the fire-resistant flame-retardant material takes graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide as raw materials, takes phenolic resin as a binder to prepare a base material, carries out surface modification on the base material by using gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to prepare a pre-carrier, enables the pre-carrier to be well dispersed, takes phenyltriethoxysilane and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as raw materials to prepare an organic silicon emulsion, takes resorcinol as a raw material, reacts with fuming nitric acid to enable a benzene ring to be connected with a nitro group, further reacts with phosphorus oxychloride to prepare an intermediate p-hydroxybenzene A, reacts the intermediate A with formaldehyde to prepare an intermediate B, further reacts with DOPO to prepare an intermediate C, reducing the nitro group on the intermediate C into amino group to obtain an intermediate D, reacting phenyl phosphoryl dichloride with methane chloride to connect a methyl group on a benzene ring to obtain an intermediate E, reacting the intermediate D with the intermediate E to obtain an intermediate F, reacting the intermediate F with chlorine to replace the hydrogen on the methyl group, reacting with the amino group on an organic silicon molecule branched chain to fix the intermediate F on the organic silicon molecule, and ultrasonically mixing with a pre-carrier to obtain the flame-retardant material, wherein the flame-retardant material contains graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, and the graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide are high-flame-retardant materials, and can generate oxyacid of phosphorus during cable combustion, the oxyacid of phosphorus dehydrates into carbon in a catalytic hydroxyl-containing compound, so that a coke layer is generated on the surface of the heat-preservation material, the coke layer can separate oxygen, insulate against heat and then make flame extinguish, and compare with traditional phosphorus flame retardant, be difficult for with the body separation for the fire resistance of conveyer belt is more lasting, and flame retardant efficiency is better.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a high flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a conductor; 2. a conductor shield layer; 3. an insulating layer; 4. an insulating shield layer; 5. a metal shielding layer; 6. a first wrapping layer; 7. a filler; 8. a first refractory layer; 9. a cooling oxygen-isolating layer; 10. a second refractory layer; 11. a metal fire barrier layer; 12. a second band layer; 13. a sheath.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A high flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable comprises a conductor 1 and a first wrapping layer 6, a conductor shielding layer 2 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor 1, an insulating layer 3 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating shielding layer 4 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3, a metal shielding layer 5 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 4, the conductor 1, the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3, the insulating shielding layer 4 and the metal shielding layer 5 are compounded to form a cable core, three cable cores are uniformly installed inside the first wrapping layer 6, a filler 7 is arranged inside the first wrapping layer 6, a first fire-resistant layer 8 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer 8, a cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9, a second fire-resistant layer 10 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, a metal fire-resistant layer 11 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, the outer surface of the metal fire-blocking layer 11 is covered and mounted with a second wrapping layer 12, and the outer surface of the second wrapping layer 12 is covered and mounted with a sheath 13.
The first fire-resistant layer 8 and the second fire-resistant layer 10 are made of fire-resistant flame-retardant materials, and the fire-resistant flame-retardant materials are made by the following steps:
step A1: adding phenolic resin and ethanol into a stirring kettle, stirring at the rotating speed of 300r/min until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, adding graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, continuously stirring for 1h, drying at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1h, keeping the pressure for 20s under the condition of 10MPa, keeping the temperature for 3h under the condition of carbon burying at the temperature of 1200 ℃ to prepare a base material, adding the base material and deionized water into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotating speed of 120r/min, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stirring at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 2h to prepare a pre-carrier;
step A2: adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, deionized water and sodium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 60 ℃, adding phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and reacting at the temperature of 50 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain an organosilicon emulsion;
step A3: adding resorcinol and sulfuric acid solution into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding fuming nitric acid under the conditions of the rotation speed of 1200r/min and the temperature of 60 ℃, stirring for 2 hours, cooling to the temperature of 25 ℃, adding deionized water, filtering to remove filtrate, dissolving a filter cake into phosphorus oxychloride, adding magnesium chloride, reacting for 3 hours under the conditions of the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 90 ℃, distilling under the temperature of 110 ℃, and removing distillate to prepare an intermediate A;
step A4: adding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly at the rotation speed of 120r/min, adding the intermediate A prepared in the step A3, performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 20 hours to prepare an intermediate B, adding the intermediate B and 1, 4-dioxane into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min until the intermediate B is completely dissolved, adding DOPO, and performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 10 hours to prepare an intermediate C;
step A5: dissolving the intermediate C prepared in the step A4 in toluene, adding tin powder and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 30min at the rotation speed of 120r/min and the temperature of 80 ℃, adjusting the pH value of a reaction solution to 8, removing a filtrate, distilling the filtrate to remove toluene to obtain an intermediate D, adding phenylphosphoryl dichloride and aluminum chloride into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 120r/min and the temperature of 50 ℃, introducing chloromethane, reacting for 1h, filtering to remove the filtrate to obtain an intermediate E, adding the intermediate D into the intermediate E, and reacting for 3h at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain an intermediate F;
step A6: dissolving the intermediate F in tetrahydrofuran, introducing chlorine, reacting for 1h under the illumination condition, adding the organic silicon emulsion prepared in the step A2, stirring for 1h under the conditions of the rotating speed of 200r/min and the temperature of 50 ℃, adding the pre-carrier prepared in the step A1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h under the condition of the frequency of 3MHz, and drying at the temperature of 150 ℃ to prepare the fireproof flame-retardant material.
Example 2
A high flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable comprises a conductor 1 and a first wrapping layer 6, a conductor shielding layer 2 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor 1, an insulating layer 3 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating shielding layer 4 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3, a metal shielding layer 5 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 4, the conductor 1, the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3, the insulating shielding layer 4 and the metal shielding layer 5 are compounded to form a cable core, three cable cores are uniformly installed inside the first wrapping layer 6, a filler 7 is arranged inside the first wrapping layer 6, a first fire-resistant layer 8 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer 8, a cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9, a second fire-resistant layer 10 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, a metal fire-resistant layer 11 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, the outer surface of the metal fire barrier layer 11 is covered and mounted with a second band layer 12, and the outer surface of the second band layer 12 is covered and mounted with a sheath 13.
The first fire-resistant layer 8 and the second fire-resistant layer 10 are made of fire-resistant flame-retardant materials, and the fire-resistant flame-retardant materials are made by the following steps:
step A1: adding phenolic resin and ethanol into a stirring kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 400r/min until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, adding graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, continuously stirring for 1.3h, drying at the temperature of 83 ℃ for 1.3h, keeping the pressure for 30s under the condition of 12MPa, keeping the temperature for 4h under the condition of carbon embedding at the temperature of 1500 ℃ to prepare a base material, adding the base material and deionized water into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stirring at the temperature of 55 ℃ for 2.5h to prepare a pre-carrier;
step A2: adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, deionized water and sodium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotating speed of 180r/min and the temperature of 65 ℃, adding phenyltriethoxysilane and a hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 55 ℃ to obtain an organosilicon emulsion;
step A3: adding resorcinol and sulfuric acid solution into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding fuming nitric acid under the conditions of the rotating speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 65 ℃, stirring for 2.5 hours, cooling to the temperature of 30 ℃, adding deionized water, filtering to remove filtrate, dissolving a filter cake into phosphorus oxychloride, adding magnesium chloride, reacting for 4 hours under the conditions of the rotating speed of 180r/min and the temperature of 95 ℃, distilling at the temperature of 115 ℃, and removing distillate to obtain an intermediate A;
step A4: adding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly at the rotation speed of 150r/min, adding the intermediate A prepared in the step A3, performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 75 ℃ for 25 hours to prepare an intermediate B, adding the intermediate B and 1, 4-dioxane into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 180r/min until the intermediate B is completely dissolved, adding DOPO, and performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 13 hours to prepare an intermediate C;
step A5: dissolving the intermediate C prepared in the step A4 in toluene, adding tin powder and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 35min at the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 85 ℃, adjusting the pH value of a reaction solution to 9, removing a filtrate, distilling the filtrate to remove toluene to obtain an intermediate D, adding phenylphosphoryl dichloride and aluminum chloride into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 55 ℃, introducing chloromethane, reacting for 1.5h, filtering to remove the filtrate to obtain an intermediate E, adding the intermediate D into the intermediate E, and reacting for 4h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain an intermediate F;
step A6: dissolving the intermediate F in tetrahydrofuran, introducing chlorine, reacting for 1.3h under the illumination condition, adding the organic silicon emulsion prepared in the step A2, stirring for 2h under the conditions that the rotating speed is 300r/min and the temperature is 60 ℃, adding the pre-carrier prepared in the step A1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2h under the condition that the frequency is 4MHz, and drying at the temperature of 160 ℃ to prepare the fireproof flame-retardant material.
Example 3
A high flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable comprises a conductor 1 and a first wrapping layer 6, a conductor shielding layer 2 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor 1, an insulating layer 3 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating shielding layer 4 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3, a metal shielding layer 5 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 4, the conductor 1, the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3, the insulating shielding layer 4 and the metal shielding layer 5 are compounded to form a cable core, three cable cores are uniformly installed inside the first wrapping layer 6, a filler 7 is arranged inside the first wrapping layer 6, a first fire-resistant layer 8 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer 8, a cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9, a second fire-resistant layer 10 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, a metal fire-resistant layer 11 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, the outer surface of the metal fire barrier layer 11 is covered and mounted with a second band layer 12, and the outer surface of the second band layer 12 is covered and mounted with a sheath 13.
The first fire-resistant layer 8 and the second fire-resistant layer 10 are made of fire-resistant and flame-retardant materials, and the fire-resistant and flame-retardant materials are prepared by the following steps:
step A1: adding phenolic resin and ethanol into a stirring kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 500r/min until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, adding graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, continuously stirring for 1.5h, drying at the temperature of 85 ℃ for 1.5h, keeping the pressure at 15MPa for 40s, keeping the temperature at 1800 ℃ under the condition of carbon embedding for 5h to prepare a base material, adding the base material and deionized water into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 3h to prepare a pre-carrier;
step A2: adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, deionized water and sodium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotating speed of 200r/min and the temperature of 70 ℃, adding phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and reacting at the temperature of 60 ℃ for 5 hours to obtain an organosilicon emulsion;
step A3: adding resorcinol and sulfuric acid solution into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding fuming nitric acid under the conditions of the rotating speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 65 ℃, stirring for 3 hours, cooling to the temperature of 30 ℃, adding deionized water, filtering to remove filtrate, dissolving a filter cake into phosphorus oxychloride, adding magnesium chloride, reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of the rotating speed of 200r/min and the temperature of 100 ℃, distilling at the temperature of 120 ℃, and removing distillate to prepare an intermediate A;
step A4: adding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly at the rotation speed of 150r/min, adding the intermediate A prepared in the step A3, performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 25 hours to prepare an intermediate B, adding the intermediate B and 1, 4-dioxane into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 200r/min until the intermediate B is completely dissolved, adding DOPO, and performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 110 ℃ for 15 hours to prepare an intermediate C;
step A5: dissolving the intermediate C prepared in the step A4 in toluene, adding tin powder and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 40min at the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 90 ℃, adjusting the pH value of a reaction solution to 9, removing a filtrate, distilling the filtrate to remove toluene to obtain an intermediate D, adding phenylphosphoryl dichloride and aluminum chloride into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150r/min and the temperature of 60 ℃, introducing chloromethane, reacting for 2h, filtering to remove the filtrate to obtain an intermediate E, adding the intermediate D into the intermediate E, and reacting for 5h at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain an intermediate F;
step A6: dissolving the intermediate F in tetrahydrofuran, introducing chlorine, reacting for 1.5h under the condition of illumination, adding the organic silicon emulsion prepared in the step A2, stirring for 3h under the conditions that the rotating speed is 300r/min and the temperature is 70 ℃, adding the pre-carrier prepared in the step A1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3h under the condition that the frequency is 5MHz, and drying at the temperature of 160 ℃ to prepare the fireproof flame-retardant material.
Comparative example
The comparative example is a common cable on the market.
The cables obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example were subjected to a performance test, the test results being shown in table 1 below;
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example | |
| Flame retardant rating | V0 | V0 | V0 | V2 |
From table 1 above, it can be seen that the flame retardant rating of the cables obtained in examples 1-3 is V0, while the flame retardant rating of the cable obtained in comparative example is V2, indicating that the present invention has excellent flame resistance and flame retardancy.
Referring to fig. 1, the high flame-retardant medium-voltage fire-resistant cable prepared by the invention comprises a conductor 1 and a first wrapping layer 6, wherein a conductor shielding layer 2 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor 1, an insulating layer 3 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer 2, an insulating shielding layer 4 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer 3, a metal shielding layer 5 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer 4, the conductor 1, the conductor shielding layer 2, the insulating layer 3, the insulating shielding layer 4 and the metal shielding layer 5 are compounded to form a cable core, the three cable cores are uniformly installed inside the first wrapping layer 6, a filler 7 is arranged inside the first wrapping layer 6, a first fire-resistant layer 8 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the first wrapping layer 6, a cooling oxygen-insulating layer 9 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer 8, a second fire-resistant layer 10 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-resistant layer 9, and a metal fire-blocking layer 11 is wrapped and installed on the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer 10, the outer surface of the metal fire barrier layer 11 is covered and mounted with a second band layer 12, and the outer surface of the second band layer 12 is covered and mounted with a sheath 13.
The foregoing is merely exemplary and illustrative of the principles of the present invention and various modifications, additions and substitutions of the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention or exceeding the scope of the claims set forth herein.
Claims (8)
1. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable characterized in that: the cable comprises a conductor (1) and a first wrapping layer (6), a conductor shielding layer (2) is installed on the outer surface of the conductor (1) in a wrapping mode, an insulating layer (3) is installed on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer (2) in a wrapping mode, an insulating shielding layer (4) is installed on the outer surface of the insulating layer (3) in a wrapping mode, a metal shielding layer (5) is installed on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer (4) in a wrapping mode, the conductor (1), the conductor shielding layer (2), the insulating layer (3), the insulating shielding layer (4) and the metal shielding layer (5) are compounded to form a cable core, the three cable cores are uniformly installed inside the first wrapping layer (6), a filler (7) is arranged inside the first wrapping layer (6), a first fire-resistant layer (8) is installed on the outer surface of the first fire-resistant layer (8) in a wrapping mode, a cooling oxygen-isolating layer (9) is installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-isolating layer (9) in a wrapping mode, a second fire-resistant layer (10) is installed on the outer surface of the cooling oxygen-isolating layer (9) in a wrapping mode, the outer surface of the second fire-resistant layer (10) is coated with a metal fire-blocking layer (11), the outer surface of the metal fire-blocking layer (11) is coated with a second wrapping layer (12), and the outer surface of the second wrapping layer (12) is coated with a sheath (13);
the conductor shielding layer (2) is made of metal lead, the insulating layer (3) is made of polyethylene material, the insulating shielding layer (4) is made of graphite nylon, the metal shielding layer (5) is made of metal copper, the first wrapping tape layer (6) and the second wrapping tape layer (12) are made of polypropylene non-woven fabric, the filler (7) is made of alkali-free glass fiber yarn, the cooling oxygen-insulating layer (9) is made of CAB-5504 material, the first flame retardant layer (8) and the second flame retardant layer (10) are made of flame-retardant material, the metal flame-retardant layer (11) is made of metal steel, and the sheath (13) is made of polypropylene material;
the fire-resistant flame-retardant material is prepared by the following steps:
step A1: adding phenolic resin and ethanol into a stirring kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 300-plus-500 r/min until the phenolic resin is completely dissolved, adding graphite, silicon carbide, magnesium oxide and zirconium dioxide, continuously stirring for 1-1.5h, drying at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, keeping the pressure at 10-15MPa for 20-40s, keeping the temperature at 1800 ℃ for 3-5h to prepare a base material, adding the base material and deionized water into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 120-plus-150 r/min, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, stirring at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 2-3h to prepare a pre-carrier;
step A2: adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, deionized water and sodium hydroxide into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150-200r/min and at the temperature of 60-70 ℃, adding phenyltriethoxysilane and hydrochloric acid solution into the reaction kettle, uniformly mixing, adding gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and reacting at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ for 3-5h to obtain an organosilicon emulsion;
step A3: adding resorcinol and sulfuric acid solution into a reaction kettle, stirring and adding fuming nitric acid under the conditions that the rotating speed is 150-65 ℃ and the temperature is 60-65 ℃, cooling to 25-30 ℃ after stirring for 2-3h, adding deionized water, filtering to remove filtrate, dissolving a filter cake into phosphorus oxychloride, adding magnesium chloride, reacting for 3-5h under the conditions that the rotating speed is 150-200r/min and the temperature is 90-100 ℃, distilling at the temperature of 110-120 ℃, removing distillate, and preparing an intermediate A;
step A4: adding p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, tetrahydrofuran and triethylamine into a reaction kettle, stirring uniformly at the rotation speed of 120-80 ℃ for 150r/min, adding the intermediate A prepared in the step A3, performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 70-80 ℃ for 20-25h to prepare an intermediate B, adding the intermediate B and 1, 4-dioxane into the reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 150-200r/min until the intermediate B is completely dissolved, adding DOPO, and performing reflux reaction at the temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 10-15h to prepare an intermediate C;
step A5: dissolving the intermediate C prepared in the step A4 in toluene, adding tin powder and hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 30-40min at the rotation speed of 120-90 ℃ and the temperature of 80-90 ℃, adjusting the pH value of the reaction solution to 8-9, removing the filtrate, distilling the filtrate to remove toluene to obtain an intermediate D, adding phenylphosphoryl dichloride and aluminum chloride into a reaction kettle, stirring at the rotation speed of 120-150r/min and the temperature of 50-60 ℃, introducing methyl chloride, reacting for 1-2h, filtering to remove the filtrate to obtain an intermediate E, adding the intermediate D into the intermediate E, and reacting for 3-5h at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain an intermediate F;
step A6: dissolving the intermediate F in tetrahydrofuran, introducing chlorine, reacting for 1-1.5h under the condition of illumination, adding the organic silicon emulsion prepared in the step A2, stirring for 1-3h under the conditions of the rotation speed of 200-5 ℃ at 300r/min and the temperature of 50-70 ℃, adding the pre-carrier prepared in the step A1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 2-3h under the condition of the frequency of 3-5MHz, and drying at the temperature of 150-160 ℃ to prepare the refractory flame-retardant material.
2. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the ethanol in the step A1 is 1:3, the mass ratio of the graphite, the silicon carbide, the magnesium oxide and the zirconium dioxide is 1:1:1:1, the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the graphite is 1:5, and the mass ratio of the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 3-5% of the mass of the base material.
3. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dosage of the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the deionized water, the sodium hydroxide, the phenyl triethylsilane, the hydrochloric acid solution and the gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane in the step A2 is 1-3g, 10mL, 0.5-1 g: 0.5-0.8g of 1mL of 0.5-0.8g, and the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 15%.
4. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molar ratio of the resorcinol to the fuming nitric acid in the step A3 is 1:1, the dosage of the sulfuric acid solution is 30-40% of the volume of the fuming sulfuric acid, the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 75-80%, the dosage of the deionized water and the sulfuric acid solution is 1:1, the dosage of the filter cake and the phosphorus oxychloride is 2:1-1.2, and the dosage of the magnesium chloride is 8-10% of the mass of the filter cake.
5. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dosage ratio of the p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, the tetrahydrofuran, the triethylamine and the intermediate A in the step A4 is 8g, 20mL, 7g and 5g, and the molar ratio of the intermediate B to the DOPO is 1: 2.
6. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dosage ratio of the intermediate C, the tin powder and the hydrochloric acid solution in the step A5 is 3-4: g:9g:20mL, the mass fraction of the hydrochloric acid solution is 36-40%, the dosage mol ratio of the phenylphosphoryl dichloride and the monochloromethane is 1:1, the dosage of the aluminum chloride is 5-10% of the mass of the phenylphosphoryl dichloride, and the dosage ratio of the intermediate D and the intermediate E is 2: 1.
7. A high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molar ratio of the intermediate F to the chlorine in the step A6 is 2:1, and the mass ratio of the intermediate F, the organosilicon emulsion and the pre-carrier is 1-1.5:5: 0.5.
8. The preparation method of the high flame retardant medium voltage fire resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: coating a conductor shielding layer (2) on the outer surface of a conductor (1), coating an insulating layer (3) on the outer surface of the conductor shielding layer (2), coating an insulating shielding layer (4) on the outer surface of the insulating layer (3), and coating a metal shielding layer (5) on the outer surface of the insulating shielding layer (4) to obtain a cable core;
step S2: be the triangle-shaped range with three cable cores inside first band layer (6), inside filler (7) of first band layer (6) inside packing, the first flame retardant coating (8) of outside surface cladding of first band layer (6), the outside surface cladding cooling of first flame retardant coating (8) separates oxygen layer (9), the cooling separates oxygen layer (9) outside surface cladding second flame retardant coating (10), second flame retardant coating (10) outside surface cladding metal flame retardant coating (11), metal flame retardant coating (11) outside surface cladding second band layer (12), second band layer (12) outside surface cladding sheath (13), make high fire-retardant medium voltage fire-resistant cable.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080074806A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-13 | 넥쌍 | A power and/or telecommunications cable having improved fire-retardant properties |
| CN106519460A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽中翰高分子科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant thermoplastic vulcanized rubber material |
| CN206312616U (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-07-07 | 浙江正泰电缆有限公司 | Fireproof power cable is pressed in a kind of high fire-retardance |
| CN110724354A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-24 | 安徽瑞琦塑胶科技有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength PVC (polyvinyl chloride) power tube |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20080074806A (en) * | 2007-02-09 | 2008-08-13 | 넥쌍 | A power and/or telecommunications cable having improved fire-retardant properties |
| CN106519460A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-03-22 | 安徽中翰高分子科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant thermoplastic vulcanized rubber material |
| CN206312616U (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-07-07 | 浙江正泰电缆有限公司 | Fireproof power cable is pressed in a kind of high fire-retardance |
| CN110724354A (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2020-01-24 | 安徽瑞琦塑胶科技有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength PVC (polyvinyl chloride) power tube |
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