CN112216342A - Seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value derivation method for polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants - Google Patents
Seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value derivation method for polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
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- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000032484 Accidental exposure to product Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000818 accidental exposure Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- XYBSIYMGXVUVGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether Chemical compound BrC1=CC(Br)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Br XYBSIYMGXVUVGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for deducing a water quality reference value of seawater aquatic organisms aiming at polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants, which comprises the following steps: screening toxicity data, screening test species, inspecting the toxicity data, introducing SSDToolbox into the finally screened toxicity data, performing model fitting by taking a sensitivity value as a horizontal coordinate and a historical probability as a vertical coordinate, comparing K-S inspection results obtained by fitting, determining an optimal fitting model to obtain an acute 5% species hazard concentration (HC5), and obtaining a sea water quality reference high value (HSWC) through reference efflux. The invention fully considers the tolerance capability and the recovery capability of a seawater ecological system to accidental exposure and the current situation of marine water environmental pollution of new organic pollutants of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the derivation process, provides a method for deriving the seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value more suitable for the current water environment management requirement of China, is more convenient, quicker and more accurate, and can effectively avoid over-protection and under-protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water quality reference speculation, and particularly relates to a method for deducing a water quality reference value of seawater aquatic organisms containing polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants.
Background
Offshore areas are under tremendous environmental pressure as a sink for most land-sourced marine pollutants. In the management means for preventing marine pollution and protecting marine environment, the effect of marine environment quality standard is the most basic, the application is the most extensive, and the seawater quality standard is the foundation stone for marine environment protection. According to the opinion of the scientific experts group for marine environmental protection (GESA-MP), the standard of seawater quality is defined as a scientific index system of the concentration or content of objectively allowable pollutants in various marine environmental media within a certain space-time range according to the requirements of sea area use, marine ecosystem, human health and the like.
The core of establishing a water quality reference is a water quality reference methodology, namely, the problem of fixed value of the water quality reference. The water quality reference methodology consists of two parts: firstly, a method for acquiring basic toxicity data, namely related contents of toxicological tests; secondly, establishing a fixed value method of the seawater quality standard by using toxicity data. Wherein the basic toxicity data determines the rating method which determines the rationality of the baseline value. Three common methods for deriving the water quality standard of seawater aquatic organisms are as follows: statistical extrapolation and evaluation Factor methods (AF), Species Sensitivity Distribution curve methods (SSD), U.S. EPA two-value benchmark methods (u.s.epa-SSD).
Statistical extrapolation and evaluation factor methods are methods in which the water quality reference derivation is performed by multiplying the toxicity data values of the sensitive species by the corresponding evaluation factors or by selecting the corresponding empirical formula. In the case of a relative lack of toxicity data, the method can optionally be used to derive a water quality benchmark. However, there is a large deviation in determining the evaluation factor in each country, and it is difficult to determine the degree of matching with the actual situation.
The species sensitivity distribution curve method considers the specific sensitivity of organisms of different species to the same pollutant, and is widely applied to the aspects of derivation of environmental quality standards/standards and ecological risk assessment of pollutants at present. Assuming that the objectively existing species sensitivity difference follows a certain probability distribution rule, after the required data is derived through a benchmark obtained by a toxicology simulation experiment, a corresponding probability distribution function, namely a function model of species sensitivity distribution, is fitted according to the frequency distribution condition of the toxicity effect value of the species. However, this method is selected when toxicity data is sufficient.
The binary benchmark method is a standard method recommended by the United states Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) when deriving a benchmark for protecting water quality of aquatic organisms. The method has milestone significance for the research of water quality reference methodology, and the appearance of the method enables the United states environmental protection agency to eliminate the evaluation factor method which is adopted all the time before. But the percent toxicity ranking method is also somewhat thinner when considering the relationship between nutritional levels.
At present, the scientific basis of water quality benchmark and standard research in China, particularly near-shore sea area water quality benchmark and standard research, is extremely weak, a corresponding water environment quality benchmark system is not established in a real sense, the using conditions of the existing water quality benchmark computing method are limited, computing can be carried out only on the basis of specific requirements, the three computing methods are complex and tedious in process, a large amount of early computing treatment is required, the model fitting process is too complex, some models are not suitable for seawater quality benchmark derivation in China, an efficient and accurate seawater quality benchmark derivation system is difficult to form, the optimal fitting model cannot be judged, and proper protection is difficult to be provided for the water ecological system in China effectively according to the computing results.
The invention aims to provide a seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value derivation method which is strong in pertinence, accurate and efficient and meets the current water environment management requirement by fully considering the characteristics of a water ecosystem of China and stipulating and adjusting the difference according to different pollutants of different species aiming at the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the characteristics of the water ecosystem of China are fully considered, and difference regulation and adjustment are performed according to different pollutants of different species, so that the method for deducing the water quality reference value of the seawater aquatic organisms, which is strong in pertinence, accurate and efficient and meets the current water environment management requirement, is provided. The water quality reference value deduced according to the method is more perfect and scientific, is more suitable for the current water environment management requirement of China, and effectively avoids over-protection and under-protection.
A method for deducing a seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value aiming at polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants comprises the following steps:
1. collection and screening of toxicity data
(1) Local species actual measurement data or toxicity data obtained from a database; the toxicity data comprises seawater aquatic organism emergency and water body physical and chemical parameter data;
(2) carrying out reliability evaluation on the toxicity data obtained in the step (1), and screening out unlimited reliable data and limited reliable data as toxicity data for deducing a water quality standard;
wherein:
a. and (3) unlimited reliability: data from a Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) system, or data generation process meeting experimental criteria;
b. and (3) limitation is reliable: the data generation process does not completely meet the experimental criteria, but is published in a core journal;
c. unreliable: the data generation process conflicts or contradicts with the experimental criteria, sufficient evidence proves that the data are available, and the experimental process cannot be convincing;
d. indeterminate: sufficient experimental details are not provided, and the reliability of data cannot be judged;
2. species screening
(1) Chinese native species were screened according to "Chinese animal Studies" (China academy of sciences, China animal Style editing Committee, 1978-2018), "Chinese encyclopedia" (China encyclopedia (second edition) Committee, 2009), "Chinese biological species List of record" (China academy of sciences biological diversity Committee, 2015-2018);
(2) screening the native sensitive species according to HJ 831-2017;
(3) screening international universal species according to HJ 831-2017;
3. water quality benchmark derivation
(1) Model fitting and evaluation
And (3) performing SSD model fitting (comprising a normal model, a logistic distribution, a triangular model, a gumbel model, a weibull model and a burr model) on the database passing the normality test and the acute and chronic toxicity data obtained by the experiment, wherein the SSD model fitting software is SSDToolbox, and determining an optimal fitting model according to a model fitting graph and a P value.
The finally selected distribution model can fully describe the data distribution condition, and ensure that the water quality reference obtained by extrapolation according to the fitted SSD curve is statistically reasonable and reliable.
(6) Water quality reference extrapolation
According to the SSD curve fitted by the determined optimal fitting model, determining the acute concentration corresponding to the cumulative frequency of 5 percent, namely the acute 5 percent species Hazard Concentration (HC)5) And dividing by an evaluation factor value of 2 (according to HJ831-2017, M and N are both more than or equal to 16 and cover at least two nutrition levels, and the evaluation factor value is 2) to obtain the sea water quality standard high value (HSWC).
4. Presentation of results of water quality benchmarks
And deducing a water quality reference level water quality reference high value (HSWC).
(1) Reference value
The water quality reference retains 4 significant digits. If necessary, the expression can be carried out by a scientific counting method, and the unit is expressed by mu g/L.
(2) Expression of water quality benchmark
The content related to the water quality standard comprises water quality standard, exposure time, effect end point, HC5。
5. Water quality benchmark development and audit
(1) Self-audit project
Whether the related species meet the requirements of HJ831-2017 in the aspects of nutrition level, category, data quality and the like is deduced according to the benchmark of audit: species cover 3 nutritional levels, at least 5 species are included, and the validity of toxicity data.
(2) Expert audit project
a. The benchmark deduces whether the data used is reliable;
b. whether the species requirement and the data quantity meet the water quality reference derivation requirement or not;
c. whether the reference derivation process conforms to the technical guidelines;
d. whether the reference value is obtained reasonably or not;
e. if there is any deviation from the technical guide and whether the evaluation is acceptable.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. preferably, local sensitive species toxicity data are selected, international general species toxicity data are used as supplements, and the influence of the geographical position and the aquatic system on the sea area aquatic organism reference value is fully considered;
2. fitting is carried out by adopting six models which are most consistent with local species distribution, so that influence caused by the non-normative water quality reference derivation result of the selected models is avoided;
3. the derivation of the reference value of the seawater quality is carried out by combining a species sensitivity distribution method and an evaluation factor method, thereby avoiding the problems of over-protection or under-protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a SSD profile for example 2, 2 ', 4, 4' -tetrabromobisphenol versus seawater aquatic organisms.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for deducing a water quality reference value of seawater aquatic organisms, which is suitable for most polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants in a Bohai sea area.
The invention is further described below by way of specific example 2, 2 ', 4, 4' -tetrabromobisphenol.
The following examples are presented to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
In this embodiment, taking 2, 2 ', 4, 4' -tetrabromobisphenol as an example, a water quality reference high value (HSWC) of 2, 2 ', 4, 4' -tetrabromobisphenol based on protecting bohai gulf aquatic animals is calculated, and the specific steps are as follows:
1. collection and screening of toxicity data
And screening the obtained data according to HJ831-2017 based on the toxicity data of not less than 3 Men 8 department obtained in the local Bohai Bay by literature retrieval (such as the United states environmental protection agency) and local actual measurement data. And during data screening, two groups of researchers are adopted to independently complete the data screening of the toxicology database and the extraction and screening of Chinese and English literature data, and if the data are ambiguous, the two groups of researchers are discussed in a unified way or make a decision after consulting by an organization expert. The screening principle is as follows:
(1) experiments must set the control group (blank control group, cosolvent control group, etc.) if the proportion of the species in the control group with stress, disease and death exceeds 10%, the data can not be adopted;
(2) firstly, adopting the material property data obtained by dynamic experiments, and secondly adopting semi-static or static test data;
(3) acute toxicity effect test endpoints (mainly LC50 and EC50), data preferably using toxicity data with exposure time less than or equal to 4 d;
2. toxicity data normality test
And (3) performing a normality test on the species average acute/chronic value of the screened toxicity data, if the P value of the K-S test result is 0, performing logarithmic transformation on the data, and performing the K-S test again, wherein the K-S test result is shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 toxicity data K-S test results
And performing subsequent model fitting and water quality reference derivation calculation, and displaying toxicity data screened by the normality test as shown in table 2.
Table 2 toxicity data screened by the normality test
3. Model fitting and evaluation
Importing qualified toxicity data into SSDToolbox, performing SSD model fitting (including a normal model, a logistic distribution, a triangular model, a gumbel model, a weibull model and a burr model), and determining an optimal fitting model and HC according to the P value5The final water quality reference value results are shown in table 3 in combination with the evaluation factor method:
TABLE 3 derivation of seawater aquatic organism water quality reference values for 2, 2 ', 4, 4' -tetrabromobisphenol
By comparison, the triangular model fitted curve p value is closer to 0.5, so the triangular curve is selected as the optimal curve. The calculated standard water quality height value of the seawater aquatic organisms of the BDE-47 is 0.0850 mu g/L.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the coverage of the toxicity data in China is not broad, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; all equivalent variations and modifications of the present invention are covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for deducing a seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value aiming at polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) screening of toxicity data
Local species actual measurement data or toxicity data obtained from a database; the toxicity data comprises acute toxicity data of seawater aquatic organisms and physical and chemical parameter data of a water body;
(2) species screening
Calculating the average value of the seeds of the actually measured data and the data collected from the database, and performing normality test;
(3) water quality benchmark derivation
Importing the toxicity data passing the normality test into SSDToolbox to carry out SSD model fitting (comprising a normal model, a logistic distribution, a triangular model, a gumbel model, a weibull model and a burr model), and determining an optimal fitting model and HC according to the K-S test result5And determining a final water quality reference value by combining an evaluation factor method.
2. The method for deriving the water quality reference value of the seawater aquatic organisms containing the polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the toxicity data needs to be subjected to reliability evaluation, and unlimited reliable data and limited reliable data are screened out to be used as toxicity data for deriving the water quality reference; toxicity data should include exposure time, end of effect, experimental water physicochemical conditions (pH, salinity, etc.); the test species preferably selects local species, and is supplemented by international universal species; the target sea area water quality parameter data should be subjected to long-term environmental monitoring, and classified optimally in the quarterly and functional areas.
3. The method for deriving the seawater aquatic organism water quality reference value aiming at the polybrominated diphenyl ether organic pollutants according to the claim 1 is characterized in that in the step (3), the toxicity data passes through a normality test, the screened species average toxicity data is directly introduced into SSDToolbox for fitting without calculating the species/genus cumulative frequency and program coding.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113406287A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Regional protection aquatic organism water quality benchmark derivation method for optimally controlling heavy metal pollutant chromium |
| CN113917101A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 中国人民大学 | Method for predicting chronic toxicity of copper in watershed water environment and deriving long-term reference |
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- 2020-09-29 CN CN202011047392.9A patent/CN112216342A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113406287A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院水生生物研究所 | Regional protection aquatic organism water quality benchmark derivation method for optimally controlling heavy metal pollutant chromium |
| CN113917101A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2022-01-11 | 中国人民大学 | Method for predicting chronic toxicity of copper in watershed water environment and deriving long-term reference |
| CN113917101B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2024-01-12 | 中国人民大学 | Method for predicting chronic toxicity of copper in watershed water environment and deducing long-term reference |
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Application publication date: 20210112 |