CN112215496B - Pig ration quality assessment method, device and storage medium - Google Patents
Pig ration quality assessment method, device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a device and a storage medium for evaluating the quality of pig ration, wherein the method for evaluating the quality of pig ration comprises the following steps: obtaining digestion energy DE of the daily ration to be measured; obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be tested; obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured; obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured; calculating the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured according to the formula I a The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Based on the evaluation index PGI a And evaluating the nutrition quality of the daily ration to be tested. The invention calculates the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured through the formula I a Based on the rating index PGI a The nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured can be evaluated, the cost is low and the daily ration is quick, in addition, the nutritional quality of the daily ration is quantized, and the accuracy of the evaluation result is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation, in particular to a method and a device for evaluating the quality of daily ration of pigs and a storage medium.
Background
In the pig raising industry, the nutrition quality and the utilization rate of the feed are of great importance, and the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of pigs can be improved by evaluating the nutrition value of the feed, so that the economic benefit of pig raising is improved.
At present, the existing pig ration nutrition quality assessment in China is mainly focused on items such as sensory assessment, such as smell, color, freshness and the like, and measurement of chemical component content, and the assessment method is greatly influenced by subjective factors and has low accuracy. In traditional animal nutrition, the most direct method for evaluating the nutritional quality of the daily ration of pigs is an animal feeding test, and the method generally needs to be accompanied with the long growth process of the pigs, is long in time consumption and high in cost, and is easily influenced by factors such as environment, diseases, pig groups and the like, so that a rapid and accurate evaluation method is needed to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method and a device for evaluating the quality of daily ration of pigs and a storage medium, which aim to evaluate the nutritional quality of daily ration of growing-finishing pigs rapidly and accurately.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for evaluating the quality of daily ration of pigs. The method for evaluating the quality of the daily ration of the pigs comprises the following steps:
obtaining digestion energy DE of the daily ration to be measured;
obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be tested;
obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured;
obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured according to the formula I a Wherein, formula I is:
based on the evaluation index PGI a And evaluating the nutrition quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Optionally, according to the evaluation index PGI a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
judging the evaluation index PGI a Whether or not to be less than 100, if the evaluation index PGI a And judging that the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested is qualified if the nutritional quality is not less than 100.
Optionally, according to the evaluation index PGI a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
according to the evaluation index PGI of a plurality of daily ration to be tested a And sequencing the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured comprises:
obtaining the Ash content Ash (% DM), the protein content CP (% DM), the fat content EE (% DM) and the neutral washing fiber content NDF (% DM) in the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured according to a formula II, wherein the formula II is as follows: de=4168- (9.1×ash) + (1.9×cp) + (3.9×ee) - (3.6×ndf).
Optionally, the step of obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be tested comprises:
obtaining the content CP of crude protein in the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the CP digestibility of the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be measured according to a formula III, wherein the formula III is as follows: dcp= (cp×cp digestibility)/DM.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured comprises:
obtaining the content ADF of the acidic washing fiber in the ration to be measured;
acquiring the ADF digestibility of the ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content dADF of the ration to be measured according to a formula IV, wherein the formula IV is as follows: dadf= (adf×adf digestibility)/DM.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured includes:
obtaining the weight G of the pig to be eaten with the ration to be tested;
when the weight G is less than 8Kg, ADFI is 0.3;
when the weight G is 8-20 Kg, ADFI is 0.75;
when the weight G is 20-35 Kg, ADFI is 1.45;
when the weight G is 35-60 Kg, ADFI is 1.9;
when the weight G is greater than 60Kg, ADFI is 2.55.
The invention also provides a pig ration quality assessment device comprising a memory, a processor and a pig ration quality assessment program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the pig ration quality assessment program being configured to implement the steps of the method for assessing pig ration quality as described above.
Furthermore, the present invention proposes a storage medium having stored thereon a pig ration quality assessment program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of assessing pig ration quality as described above.
In the technical proposal provided by the invention, an evaluation index PGI is provided a And a formula I, wherein the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured can be calculated through the formula I a Based on the rating index PGI a The nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured can be evaluated, the cost is low and the daily ration is quick, in addition, the nutritional quality of the daily ration is quantized, and the accuracy of the evaluation result is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware operating environment according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for evaluating quality of daily ration of pigs according to the present invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
The specific conditions were not specified in the examples, and the examples were conducted under the conventional conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be regarded as not exist and not within the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the pig raising industry, the nutrition quality and the utilization rate of the feed are of great importance, and the growth performance and the feed utilization rate of pigs can be improved by evaluating the nutrition value of the feed, so that the economic benefit of pig raising is improved.
At present, the existing pig ration nutrition quality assessment in China is mainly focused on items such as sensory assessment, such as smell, color, freshness and the like, and measurement of chemical component content, and the assessment method is greatly influenced by subjective factors and has low accuracy. In traditional animal nutrition, the most direct method for evaluating the nutritional quality of the daily ration of pigs is an animal feeding test, and the method generally needs to be accompanied with the long growth process of the pigs, is long in time consumption and high in cost, and is easily influenced by factors such as environment, diseases, pig groups and the like, so that a rapid and accurate evaluation method is needed to be established.
In view of this, the present invention proposes a device for evaluating quality of daily ration of pigs, referring to fig. 1, the device for evaluating quality of daily ration of pigs may comprise: a processor 1001, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a communication bus 1002, a user interface 1003, a network interface 1004, a memory 1005. Wherein the communication bus 1002 is used to enable connected communication between these components. The user interface 1003 may include a Display, an input unit such as keys, and the optional user interface 1003 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. The network interface 1004 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface). The memory 1005 may be a high-speed random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), such as a disk memory. The memory 1005 may also optionally be a storage device separate from the processor 1001 described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the arrangement of the apparatus shown in fig. 1 is not limiting of the device and may include more or fewer components than shown, or certain components may be combined, or a different arrangement of components.
As shown in fig. 1, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a swine ration quality assessment program may be included in the memory 1005 as one type of storage medium.
In the apparatus shown in fig. 1, a pig ration quality assessment program stored in a memory 1005 is called by a processor 1001, and the following operations are performed:
obtaining digestion energy DE of the daily ration to be measured;
obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be tested;
obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured;
obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured according to the formula I a Wherein, formula I is:
based on the evaluation index PGI a And evaluating the nutrition quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
based on the evaluation index PGI a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
judging the evaluation index PGI a Whether or not to be less than 100, if the evaluation index PGI a And judging that the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested is qualified if the nutritional quality is not less than 100.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
based on the evaluation index PGI a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
according to the evaluation index PGI of a plurality of daily ration to be tested a And sequencing the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
the step of obtaining the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
obtaining the Ash content Ash (% DM), the protein content CP (% DM), the fat content EE (% DM) and the neutral washing fiber content NDF (% DM) in the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured according to a formula II, wherein the formula II is as follows: de=4168- (9.1×ash) + (1.9×cp) + (3.9×ee) - (3.6×ndf);
and calculating the digestible crude protein content DCP and the digestible acidic washing fiber content dADF according to the crude protein content CP and the acidic washing fiber content ADF.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
the step of obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
obtaining the content CP of crude protein in the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the CP digestibility of the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be measured according to a formula III, wherein the formula III is as follows: dcp= (cp×cp digestibility)/DM.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
the step of obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
obtaining the content ADF of the acidic washing fiber in the ration to be measured;
acquiring the ADF digestibility of the ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content dADF of the ration to be measured according to a formula IV, wherein the formula IV is as follows: dadf= (adf×adf digestibility)/DM.
Further, the processor 1001 may call the swine ration quality assessment program stored in the memory 1005, and further perform the following operations:
the step of obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
when the weight G is less than 8Kg, ADFI is 0.3;
when the weight G is 8-20 Kg, ADFI is 0.75;
when the weight G is 20-35 Kg, ADFI is 1.45;
when the weight G is 35-60 Kg, ADFI is 1.9;
when the weight G is greater than 60Kg, ADFI is 2.55.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an embodiment of a method for evaluating quality of daily ration of pigs according to the present invention, in this embodiment, the method for evaluating quality of daily ration of pigs includes the following steps:
step S10, obtaining digestion energy DE of the daily ration to be measured.
The digestibility DE is the energy contained in the digestible nutrient of the feed. The method for acquiring the digestion energy DE is various, and specifically, the digestion energy DE can be directly measured by using a bionic digestive instrument, and the acquisition process is simple and quick; the nutrition model can also be established and obtained through in vitro experiments, so that the cost input of purchasing the bionic digestive instrument is reduced.
Specifically, the step of establishing a nutrition model and obtaining the digestion energy DE of the ration to be tested through an in vitro test may comprise:
and step S101, obtaining the Ash content Ash (% DM), the protein content CP (% DM), the fat content EE (% DM) and the neutral washing fiber content NDF (% DM) in the daily ration to be tested.
Wherein the crude Ash content Ash (% DM), crude protein content CP (% DM), crude fat content EE (% DM) and neutral detergent fiber content NDF (% DM) can be obtained by:
s1011, establishing an in-vitro 'stomach-small intestine digestion' simulation system, and preprocessing ration by using the simulation system.
Step S1011 specifically includes: and drying the daily ration to be measured, crushing and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve. 5g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of the sieved sample was weighed, 500mg pepsin, 50ml HCl/NaCl solution, 0.5ml bacterial growth inhibitor (chloramphenicol solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%) was added, and the mixture was put into a constant temperature shaker and digested l h at 40℃and 120 r/min. Then, 2.5ml of 2mol/L NaOH solution was added, pH was adjusted to 6.5-7.5, and 20ml of 0.1mol/L phosphate buffer was added to stabilize pH, followed by 50mg of trypsin, and put into a constant temperature shaker, and digested L h at 40℃and 120r/min to obtain a substrate for use. Taking 6-8 fresh manure samples of fattening pigs with the weight of 30-50 kg, mixing the fresh manure samples with physiological saline uniformly according to the proportion of adding 5ml of physiological saline into each gram of fresh manure samples, and filtering to prepare a bacterial source. Placing 1g of substrate into a fermentation bottle, adding 10mL of bacterial source and 164mL of culture solution, and introducing CO 2 Sealing with rubber plug after evacuationThen placing the mixture in a constant temperature oscillator, carrying out shaking culture at 37-40 ℃ for 36-50 h, collecting fermentation products and drying to obtain ration residues.
S1012, respectively detecting the contents of nutrient components in the ration residues and the ration to be detected, wherein the detection items comprise: crude Ash content Ash, crude protein content CP, crude fat content EE, neutral washed fiber content NDF, and dry matter content DM.
In specific implementation, the content of each nutrient component can be detected by adopting a conventional detection method in the field, for example, a Kjeldahl method can be adopted to detect the content CP of crude protein; detecting the content EE of crude fat by adopting an oil weight method; detecting the Ash content Ash by adopting a burning residue method; and detecting the neutral washing fiber content NDF by an acid-base method.
S1013, calculating digestibility of each nutrient component according to a formula V, wherein the formula V is: nutrient digestibility (%) = (nutrient content in sample-nutrient content in residue)/nutrient content in sample) ×100.
S1014, calculating the content (% DM) of each nutritional ingredient in the ration to be measured according to a formula VI, wherein the formula VI is as follows: each nutrient content (% DM) =percentage (%) of the nutrient in the ration x digestibility (%)/DM (%) of the nutrient.
Taking CP as an example, in formula vi, CP (% DM) = (crude protein content cp×cp digestibility)/DM (%). Likewise, based on formula VI, the crude Ash content Ash (% DM), the crude fat content EE (% DM) and the neutral detergent fiber content NDF (% DM) are calculated.
It should be noted that, in the above step S1011, the various solutions involved are prepared according to the preparation method of table 1 below, all reagents used in the preparation method are reagents commonly used in laboratories and are commercially available, and units such as g, ml, L, etc. are used only for convenience of understanding, but it should be understood that the preparation method of the solutions provided by the present invention is not limited to the above measurement units, and the amounts of reagents used may be increased or decreased in equal proportion as required in practical application.
Table 1 formulation method
Step S102, calculating the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured according to a formula II, wherein the formula II is as follows: de=4168- (9.1×ash) + (1.9×cp) + (3.9×ee) - (3.6×ndf).
In the formula II, DE is kcal/Kg, and it is converted into MJ/Kg. Ash, CP, EE and NDF referred to in the formulas refer to digestible crude Ash content Ash, digestible crude fat content EE and digestible neutral detergent fiber content NDF, all expressed in g/kg DM.
Step S20, obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the daily ration to be tested.
DCP is the percentage (%) of digestible crude protein, and can be realized by the following steps when in specific implementation:
step S201, obtaining the crude protein content CP in the daily ration to be tested;
step S202, obtaining the CP digestibility of the daily ration to be tested;
step S203, obtaining the dry matter content DM of the ration to be measured;
step S204, calculating the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be measured according to a formula III, wherein the formula III is as follows: dcp= (cp×cp digestibility)/DM.
And step S30, obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the daily ration to be measured.
dADF is the digestible acid washing fiber content (%), and can be realized by the following steps when the specific implementation is carried out:
step S301, obtaining the content ADF of the acidic washing fiber in the daily ration to be measured;
step S302, the ADF digestibility of the daily ration to be measured is obtained;
step S303, acquiring the dry matter content DM of the ration to be measured;
step S304, calculating the digestible crude protein content dADF of the ration to be measured according to a formula IV, wherein the formula IV is as follows: dadf= (adf×adf digestibility)/DM.
It should be noted that, the acquisition methods in step S301 and step S302 are the same as the detection methods for other nutritional components described above, and will not be described here.
And S40, obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be tested.
The average daily feed intake ADFI refers to the weight of the daily ration to be measured, which is taken by growing-finishing pigs in a certain time, on average every day in the actual production process. The average daily feed intake ADFI can be measured by an animal test, and the animal test has a higher detection speed when only the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily feed is measured because other various growth indexes, such as a feed-to-weight ratio (F/G), a Diarrhea Rate (DR), a blood biochemical index and the like, after the daily feed is eaten by the animal are not required to be inspected.
Further, daily ration commonly found in the market at present has been subjected to multiple research tests and data statistics, and after the multiple research tests and data statistics, the value of average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration components has been confirmed, and the average daily feed intake ADFI of various daily ration is found after statistics, and the evaluation index PGI is utilized in the embodiment a When evaluating the quality of the grains, the average daily feed intake ADFI related in the calculation formula I can be obtained according to the following classification mode. Specifically, step S40 may include:
step S41, obtaining the weight G of the pig to be eaten with the daily ration to be tested;
step S42, when the weight G is less than 8Kg, ADFI is 0.3Kg/d; when the weight G is 8-20 Kg, ADFI is 0.75Kg/d; when the weight G is 20-35 Kg, ADFI is 1.45Kg/d; when the weight G is 35-60 Kg, ADFI is 1.9Kg/d; when the weight G is greater than 60Kg, ADFI is 2.55Kg/d. And through multiple comparison tests, the evaluation index PGI obtained by ADFI calculation is obtained according to the weight G distribution interval a And an evaluation index PGI calculated from ADFI obtained from animal experiments a Is not greater than10％。
S50, calculating an evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be tested according to a formula I a Wherein, formula I is:
wherein DE is the digestion energy DE (unit is MJ/Kg) of the ration to be measured; DCP is the digestible crude protein content (% DM); dADF is the acidic washed fiber content (% DM); ADFI is the average daily feed intake ADFI (Kg/d) of the daily ration to be measured.
Step S60, according to the evaluation index PGI a And evaluating the nutrition quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Evaluation index PGI a The method has the advantages that the energy, the protein index, the fiber component and the daily ration feed intake are unified, the nutritional quality of the daily ration of the pigs is comprehensively evaluated, the nutritional quality of the daily ration of the pigs can be reflected more comprehensively, objectively and accurately, the whole evaluation process does not involve long-time animal tests, is not influenced by factors such as environment, diseases and grouping of pigs, and is accurate and rapid in evaluation.
Specifically, the rating index PGI a The higher the nutritional quality of the ration, the higher. Thus, based on the rating index PGI a The nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured can be evaluated, the cost is low and the daily ration is quick, and in addition, the nutritional quality of the daily ration is quantized, so that the evaluation result of the nutritional quality is more visual, and the accuracy is higher.
In specific implementation, step S60 may include the following steps:
step S61, judging the evaluation index PGI a Whether or not to be less than 100, if the evaluation index PGI a And judging that the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested is qualified if the nutritional quality is not less than 100.
The present example evaluates the index PGI a For the evaluation index, setting the evaluation standard as 100, and when the evaluation index PGI is evaluated a When the weight of the daily ration is more than or equal to 100, the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured can be judged to be qualified, and the daily ration can be used for feeding growing-finishing pigs; conversely, when the index PGI is evaluated a When the weight of the feed is less than 100, the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured can be judged to be unqualified, and the feed is not suitable for feeding growing-finishing pigs.
In addition, the step S60 may be implemented by:
step S62, according to the evaluation indexes PGI of the daily ration to be tested a And sequencing the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested.
Based on the rating index PGI a The larger the daily ration to be measured is, the higher the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be measured is, in this embodiment, according to the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured a Sequencing the sizes of the daily ration to be measured, and judging the sequence of the nutritional quality of each daily ration to be measured. For example, if the daily ration A, B, C, D respectively corresponds to the evaluation index PGI a And the nutrition quality of the four daily ration is improved in sequence when the daily ration is increased in sequence.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be presented in further detail with reference to the examples, which should be understood as being merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting.
The four groups of daily ration listed in table 2 below were evaluated for quality. The weight G of pigs which are suitable for feeding in all four groups of daily ration is 24-32 Kg.
Table 2 daily ration formula
Four groups of diets were evaluated as follows:
(1) And drying the daily ration to be measured, crushing and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve. 5g (accurate to 0.0001 g) of the sieved sample was weighed, 500mg pepsin, 50ml HCl/NaCl solution, 0.5ml bacterial growth inhibitor (chloramphenicol solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%) was added, and the mixture was put into a constant temperature shaker and digested l h at 40℃and 120 r/min. Then, 2.5ml of 2mol/L NaOH solution is added, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to 7.5, and 20ml of 0 is addedThe pH was stabilized with 1mol/L phosphate buffer, followed by addition of 50mg trypsin, placing in a thermostatically controlled shaker, and digesting L h at 40℃and 120r/min to give the substrate for use. Taking 6-8 fresh manure samples of fattening pigs with the weight of 30-50 kg, mixing the fresh manure samples with physiological saline uniformly according to the proportion of adding 5ml of physiological saline into each gram of fresh manure samples, and filtering to prepare a bacterial source. Placing 1g of substrate into a fermentation bottle, adding 10mL of bacterial source and 164mL of culture solution, and introducing CO 2 Sealing with rubber plug after emptying, then placing in a constant temperature oscillator, shaking and culturing for 36-50 h at 37-40 ℃, collecting fermentation products and drying to obtain ration residues.
The contents of the nutrient components in the ration residue and the ration to be measured were measured by the following methods, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 3:
crude Ash content Ash: burning residue;
crude protein content CP: kjeldahl nitrogen determination method;
crude fat content EE: an oil weight method;
neutral wash fiber content NDF: acid-base method.
And calculating the digestibility of each nutrient component according to a formula V, wherein the formula V is as follows: nutrient digestibility (%) = (nutrient content in sample-nutrient content in residue)/nutrient content in sample) ×100. The results are reported in Table 3.
According to a formula VI, the content (% DM) of each nutritional ingredient in the daily ration to be measured is calculated, wherein the formula VI is as follows: each nutrient content (% DM) =percentage (%) of the nutrient in the ration x digestibility (%)/DM (%) of the nutrient. Finally, the digestion energy DE of the A, B group ration is calculated according to a formula II, wherein the formula II is as follows: de=4168- (9.1×ash) + (1.9×cp) + (3.9×ee) - (3.6×ndf), and the results are reported in table 3. Meanwhile, the digestion energy DE of C, D group was detected using a biomimetic digester.
(2) Look up table 3, DCP and dADF values for each group of diets were obtained.
(3) Based on the weight G of pigs to be eaten with three groups of daily ration, the weight G of the pigs is 24-32 Kg, and the ADFI of the four groups of daily ration is 1.308Kg/d.
(4) According to the formulaAnd DE, DCP and dADF values shown in Table 3, and PGI of each group of daily ration was calculated a As shown in table 4.
(5) Assessment results: as can be seen from the data recorded in Table 4, PGI of the A, B, C three groups of diets a All greater than 100, group D PGI a Less than 100, i.e., A, B, C groups of ration are suitable for feeding pigs and group D is unsuitable. Meanwhile, PGI of A, B, C three groups of daily ration a The size of (2) is: b is more than C and more than A, which indicates that the nutritional quality of the three groups of daily ration is sequentially from high to low in the group B, the group C and the group A.
TABLE 3 Table 3
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Note that: in the same row of values, the same shoulder marks indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05), and the different shoulder marks indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05).
Table 4 evaluation index of each group
| PGI a | PBGI | |
| Group A | 125.113 | 0.554 |
| Group B | 174.414 | 0.569 |
| Group C | 130.065 | 0.558 |
| Group D | 99.729 | 0.467 |
Evaluation method accuracy investigation
The feeding effect of the daily ration evaluated by the evaluation method of the present invention was obtained by feeding test as follows.
24 healthy Dux long x large ternary pigs with an average weight of 28.2+ -4.46 kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups (6 pigs per group) of 4 experimental groups (experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4). Wherein, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3 and experimental group 4 are correspondingly fed by adopting daily ration A, B, C, D. The pre-feeding period is accurately and quantitatively fed according to the amount of 85% -90% of the free feed intake of the test pigs, and then the test pigs are transited to the test period. The pre-feeding period was 5 days and the trial period was 28 days. The Average Daily Gain (ADG), average Daily Feed Intake (ADFI) and feed weight ratio (F/G) of each group of fattening pigs were examined and the results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 comparison of growth performance of fattening pigs
| ADG | ADFI | F/G | |
| Experiment group 1 | 529.88 | 1308.63 | 2.59 |
| Experiment group 2 | 588.63 | 1333.63 | 2.41 |
| Experiment group 3 | 571.31 | 1349.40 | 2.53 |
| Experiment group 4 | 523.57 | 1302.63 | 2.49 |
From the data in table 5 above, the growth performance of the experimental pigs of experimental groups 1 to 3 is significantly better than that of experimental group 4, and the growth performance of the experimental pigs of experimental group 2 is the best among experimental groups 1 to 3, which indicates that the nutrition quality assessment result made by the ration assessment method provided by the invention has accuracy.
(II) evaluation method precision investigation
Comparative example: the PBGI evaluation index was calculated according to the calculation formula pbgi= (de×adfi)/K, and the nutritional quality of the A, B, C three groups of diets was evaluated based on the evaluation index PBGI. Wherein DE and ADFI can be obtained by referring to a table 3, K is ADG/DE, the unit is G/MJ, and can be obtained according to the Chinese pig feeding standard, the weight G of pigs based on three groups of daily ration to be eaten is 24-32 Kg, and the K values of the three groups of daily ration are 46.3. The PBGI calculation results are reported in table 4.
Referring to Table 4, it can be seen that the PBGI indexes of the three groups of diets A, B, C are also in the order of B > C > A, that is, the nutritional quality of the three groups of diets is sequentially from high to low, namely, the group B, the group A and the group C according to the PBGI indexes. However, the PBGI indices of group A and group C were 0.554 and 0.558, respectively, with relative deviations of 0.72%, whereas the PGI of group B and group C were a The indices are 125.113 and 130.065, respectively, the relative deviation of the two is 3.9%, compared with the PBGI index, PGI a The index results have larger difference, better discrimination, better evaluation precision and less influence on the evaluation result due to random errors caused by interference of external factors in practical application.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but various modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for evaluating the quality of the daily ration of the pigs is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
obtaining digestion energy DE of the daily ration to be measured;
obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be tested;
obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured;
obtaining the average daily feed intake ADFI of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the evaluation index PGI of the daily ration to be measured according to the formula I a Wherein, formula I is:
；
based on the evaluation index PGI a Evaluating the nutrition quality of the daily ration to be tested;
wherein, the step of obtaining the digestible crude protein content DCP of the daily ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
obtaining the content CP of crude protein in the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the CP digestibility of the daily ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content DCP of the ration to be measured according to a formula III, wherein the formula III is as follows: dcp= (cp×cp digestibility)/DM;
the step of obtaining the digestible acid washing fiber content dADF of the ration to be measured comprises the following steps:
obtaining the content ADF of the acidic washing fiber in the ration to be measured;
acquiring the ADF digestibility of the ration to be measured;
acquiring the dry matter content DM of the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestible crude protein content dADF of the ration to be measured according to a formula IV, wherein the formula IV is as follows: dadf= (adf×adf digestibility)/DM.
2. The method for evaluating the quality of a swine ration according to claim 1, wherein the PGI is based on the evaluation index a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
judging the evaluation index PGI a Whether or not to be less than 100, if the evaluation index PGI a And judging that the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested is qualified if the nutritional quality is not less than 100.
3. The method for evaluating the quality of a swine ration according to claim 1, wherein the PGI is based on the evaluation index a The step of evaluating the nutritional quality of the ration to be tested comprises the following steps:
according to the evaluation index PGI of a plurality of daily ration to be tested a And sequencing the nutritional quality of the daily ration to be tested.
4. The method for assessing the quality of a swine ration according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining the digestibility DE of the ration to be tested comprises:
obtaining the Ash content Ash (% DM), the protein content CP (% DM), the fat content EE (% DM) and the neutral washing fiber content NDF (% DM) in the daily ration to be measured;
calculating the digestion energy DE of the ration to be measured according to a formula II, wherein the formula II is as follows: de=4168- (9.1×ash) + (1.9×cp) + (3.9×ee) - (3.6×ndf).
5. The method for assessing the quality of a swine ration according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining an average daily feed intake ADFI of the ration to be tested comprises:
obtaining the weight G of the pig to be eaten with the ration to be tested;
when the weight G is less than 8Kg, ADFI is 0.3;
when the weight G is 8-20 Kg, ADFI is 0.75;
when the weight G is 20-35 Kg, ADFI is 1.45;
when the weight G is 35-60 Kg, ADFI is 1.9;
when the weight G is greater than 60Kg, ADFI is 2.55.
6. A swine ration quality assessment device comprising a memory, a processor, and a swine ration quality assessment program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, the swine ration quality assessment program configured to implement the steps of the swine ration quality assessment method of any one of claims 1-5.
7. A storage medium having stored thereon a swine ration quality assessment program which when executed by a processor performs the steps of the swine ration quality assessment method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
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