CN112214836A - Parameterized flight dynamic playback method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive guarantee of airplanes, designs a parameterized flight dynamic playback method for realizing intelligent multimode flight dynamic playback capability, adapts to the intelligent guarantee maintenance requirements of a new generation of airplanes and unmanned planes, improves the existing flight playback method and tools in the aspects of functional architecture, presentation mode, simulation fidelity and the like, firstly proposes linkage playback of a three-dimensional airplane model and motion surface actions, greatly improves flight playback simulation degree, proposes synchronous playback of airplane attitude and fault alarm information, greatly improves data analysis efficiency, firstly proposes important parameter synchronous monitoring playback facing a task section, and endows richer and more effective playback simulation information. The method can realize the linkage playback of the three-dimensional airplane model and the motion surface, the synchronous playback of the airplane attitude and the fault alarm information and the synchronous monitoring playback of important parameters facing to the task profile, and meet the intelligent guarantee maintenance requirements of a new generation of aircrafts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of comprehensive airplane guarantee, and particularly relates to a parameterized flight dynamic playback method.
Background
The working state parameters of all systems and all parts of a modern airplane form flight data after recording, packaging, transmitting and storing in the flight process. The flight data is only used for investigating the accident cause after the aircraft accident, and after the development of the last half century, the flight data is developed to thousands of parameters from the first few or more than a dozen, and the application of the flight data gradually covers the aspects of aircraft development, test flight, training, state monitoring, fault diagnosis and prediction and the like. In the prior art, flight data playback technologies and methods of a human machine or an unmanned aerial vehicle are similar, and generally comprise static parameter playback functions such as a parameter scatter diagram, a parameter timing diagram and a parameter value list, and the playback mode is single and unintuitive. Based on the limitations of the existing flight data playback method, ground service personnel do not have a means for backtracking and analyzing faults and alarm information in flight tasks when performing state confirmation and troubleshooting on an aircraft system, the influences of the faults and the alarms on the flight tasks and postures cannot be visually evaluated, an effective visual simulation technology is lacked for the motion surfaces of faults such as jamming and the like which possibly occur to an undercarriage, a control surface, a propeller and the like, the capability of synchronously monitoring and playing back important parameters facing a task section is lacked, and the method cannot be suitable for the intelligent guarantee maintenance requirements of novel aircrafts.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the intelligent multi-mode flight dynamic playback capability, a parametric flight dynamic playback method is designed, the linkage playback of the three-dimensional aircraft model and the motion surface action, the synchronous playback of the aircraft attitude and the fault alarm information and the synchronous monitoring playback of important parameters facing to a task profile can be realized, and the intelligent guarantee maintenance requirements of a new generation of aircraft are met.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the parameterized flight dynamic playback method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a high-precision low-surface-number three-dimensional body model aiming at different airplane configurations, modeling ailerons, flaps, empennages, motion surfaces, undercarriages and propeller body structures according to the real sizes of airplanes, establishing data mapping interfaces for all motion surface mechanisms, establishing airport, tower, runway, sky, cloud and terrain view models at the same time, and loading and generating a three-dimensional simulation playback scene for supporting the dynamic playback of the flight;
step 2, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method obtains airborne parameter values and a sequence of sampling moments by reading and analyzing flight data, and performs static parameter playback in a static parameter playback module in the form of a parameter curve and a parameter list;
step 3, extracting atmospheric characteristic voting parameters, motion surface displacement voting parameters, airborne system state parameters and task section parameters of the airplane through a characteristic parameter extraction module, the system comprises an atmospheric characteristic characterization parameter, a motion plane displacement voting parameter, an airborne system state parameter, a mission profile parameter and a time axis, wherein the atmospheric characteristic characterization parameter comprises longitude, latitude, barometric altitude, vacuum speed and Mach number measured by an aircraft atmospheric system, the motion plane displacement voting parameter comprises position voting values of all control planes of the aircraft, propeller rotation speed and landing gear retraction and release states, the airborne system state parameter comprises an aircraft electromechanical system, a flight control system, a mission system fault state and alarm information, the mission profile parameter comprises wheel load, ground speed, surface speed and missile launching state which characterize flight mission characteristics, the state parameter also comprises state parameters stored in flight data, sampling time sequences of all parameters are unified after all characteristic parameters are extracted, and the time axis used for supporting dynamic flight playback;
step 4, loading a plane map or satellite map file which is locally stored or acquired on line through a track map playback module, marking navigation track points in the map file through a longitude and latitude matching algorithm on the atmospheric characteristic voting parameters acquired in the step 3, drawing a track line of the whole flight process according to the time sequence of passing through each track point, and playing back the track map of the whole flight process according to a time axis;
step 5, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method simulates flight attitude through loading the three-dimensional simulation playback scene generated in the step 1, the atmospheric characteristic voting parameter and the motion plane displacement voting parameter generated in the step 3, simulates the position of the aircraft in the three-dimensional simulation playback scene through the pitch angle, the roll angle and the course angle of the aircraft, simulates the speed of the aircraft through switching of scene elements of a runway, a sky, a terrain and a cloud, renders deflection of a control plane, retraction and release of an undercarriage and rotation of a propeller through the motion plane displacement voting parameter, and plays back the attitude, the position, the speed and the motion of the aircraft in the whole flight process according to a time axis;
step 6, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method loads the airborne system state parameters generated in the step 3, injects fault interpretation logic, continuous parameter overrun interpretation logic and fault association analysis logic to generate airplane fault and alarm information, matches a flight playback time axis according to occurrence time and disappearance time, displays the fault and alarm information at corresponding time in a corresponding flight playback picture frame, and realizes synchronous playback of airplane attitude and fault alarm information;
and 7, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method divides the flight process into six stages of driving, sliding, taking off, cruising, throwing and landing through loading the task section parameters generated in the step 3 and through the engine rotating speed, the wheel load state, the wheel speed and the weapon launching state, selects and loads system parameters needing important attention in different task stages, synchronously displays the system parameters in a flight dynamic playback picture in a parameter monitoring table mode, refreshes parameter value information, and realizes the task section-oriented parameter synchronous monitoring playback.
Further, the three-dimensional body model and the view model include a 3DMAX model.
Furthermore, the parameter curve in the static parameter playback module includes a parameter timing diagram in which the sampling time is the parameter value of the horizontal axis as the vertical axis, and a parameter scatter pattern form in which the parameter is combined into the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.
Furthermore, the motion surface displacement voting parameters select different parameter combinations according to different airplane configurations or task types.
Furthermore, the map files used by the track map playback module comprise off-line open source map packet files, self-constructed virtual terrain scenes with the size of a specific area or online network map data acquired through latitude and longitude in atmospheric feature voting parameters.
Further, the step 3 further comprises parameters which need to be checked in maintenance work, including working parameters of a fuel system, a hydraulic system, an environmental control system, a flight control system and a task system.
Further, the fault correlation analysis logic combines the existing PHM fault prediction and health management technology to realize false alarm filtering and fault prediction.
Further, the mission profile parameters may be added with aircraft performance design indicator thresholds according to different aircraft configurations.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the parameterized flight dynamic playback method is firstly suitable for the intelligent guarantee maintenance requirements of a new generation of aircraft, meanwhile, the existing flight playback method and tools are improved in the aspects of functional architecture, presentation mode, simulation fidelity and the like, the linkage playback of the three-dimensional aircraft model and the motion surface action is firstly provided, the flight playback simulation degree is greatly improved, the synchronous playback of the aircraft attitude and fault alarm information is firstly provided, the data analysis efficiency is greatly improved, the synchronous monitoring playback of important parameters facing a task section is firstly provided, and more abundant and effective playback simulation information is endowed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a composition diagram of a three-dimensional body model and a view model;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for dynamic playback of flight;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a model of the unmanned aerial vehicle system;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a characteristic parameter extraction of a model UAV system;
FIG. 5 is a component diagram of a new generation aircraft airframe model;
FIG. 6 is a new generation aircraft feature parameter extraction diagram.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to the following drawings and examples, which are not intended to be exhaustive or to be part of the conventional art.
As shown in fig. 1, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method of the invention establishes a high-precision low-surface three-dimensional aircraft body model for different aircraft configurations, and comprises two parts, namely a moving surface model and a static body model, wherein the moving surface model comprises ailerons, flaps, flaperons, rudders, propellers, undercarriages, weapons and the like, the static body model comprises an airframe, a cockpit and other body mechanisms, and the specific model is based on the actual configuration of the aircraft. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method establishes data mapping interfaces for all the motion surface mechanisms, and associates the motion surfaces with the displacement voting parameters representing the motion surfaces to realize the interaction between the three-dimensional airplane model and the flight parameters. And meanwhile, visual models such as an airport, a tower, a runway, the sky, the cloud, the terrain and the like are established, and are loaded with the airplane body model to generate a three-dimensional simulation playback scene for supporting the dynamic playback of the flight.
As shown in fig. 2, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method obtains a sequence of airborne parameter values and sampling moments by reading and analyzing flight data, and plays back static parameters in the form of parameter curves and parameter lists in the static parameter playback module. And extracting atmospheric characteristic voting parameters, motion surface displacement voting parameters, airborne system state parameters, task profile parameters and other working parameters of the airplane through a characteristic parameter extraction module. The atmospheric characteristic characterization parameters comprise longitude, latitude, barometric altitude, vacuum speed, Mach number and other parameters measured by an aircraft atmospheric system, the motion plane displacement voting parameters comprise aircraft aileron, flap, empennage and other control surface position voting values, propeller rotating speed, undercarriage retraction and extension states and other parameters, the airborne system state parameters comprise aircraft electromechanical systems, flight control systems, task system fault states, alarm information and other state parameters, and the task section parameters comprise aircraft wheel load, ground speed, surface speed, launch states and other parameters for characterizing flight task characteristics. And the other system working parameters comprise state parameters concerned by other maintenance personnel stored in the flight data, the sampling time sequences of all the parameters are unified after all the characteristic parameters are extracted, and a time shaft for supporting dynamic flight playback is generated. Loading a plane map or satellite map file which is locally stored or acquired on line through a track map playback module, marking navigation track points in the map file for atmospheric feature voting parameters through a longitude and latitude matching algorithm, drawing a track line of the whole flight process according to the time sequence passing through each track point, and playing back the track map of the whole flight process according to a time axis; the method comprises the steps of simulating a flight attitude through loading a three-dimensional simulation playback scene, atmospheric feature voting parameters and motion plane displacement voting parameters, simulating the position of an airplane in the three-dimensional simulation playback scene through a pitch angle, a roll angle and a course angle of the airplane, simulating the speed of the airplane through longitude, latitude and barometric pressure, switching scene elements such as a runway, a sky, a terrain and a cloud, simulating the airplane actions such as deflection of a control plane, retraction and release of an undercarriage and rotation of a propeller through the motion plane displacement voting parameters, and playing back the airplane attitude, position, speed and actions in the whole flight process according to a time axis; aircraft faults and alarm information are generated by loading airborne system state parameters, injecting fault interpretation logic, continuous parameter overrun interpretation logic, fault association analysis and other logic, matching a flight playback time axis according to occurrence time and disappearance time, displaying the faults and alarm information at corresponding moments in corresponding flight playback frame frames, and realizing synchronous playback of the aircraft attitude and the fault alarm information; the method comprises the steps of loading task section parameters, dividing a flight process into task stages such as driving, sliding, taking off, cruising, shooting and landing through information such as engine rotating speed, wheel load state and wheel speed, selecting and loading system parameters needing important attention in different task stages, synchronously displaying the system parameters in a flight dynamic playback picture in a parameter monitoring table mode, refreshing parameter value information through a time axis, and achieving important parameter synchronous monitoring playback facing a task section.
The three-dimensional body model and the visual model comprise a 3DMAX model and a CATIA model, and the motion surface and the displacement voting parameters of the three-dimensional body model are associated and configured through a data mapping interface, so that the universality and compatibility of airplanes with different configurations are realized.
The parameter curve in the static parameter playback module comprises a parameter timing diagram taking the sampling time as a parameter value of a horizontal axis as a vertical axis and a parameter scatter diagram (such as an engine vibration map) taking the parameter combination as the horizontal axis and the vertical axis, so that the deep analysis and maintenance capability of the working state of an important system of the airplane is improved.
The motion surface displacement voting parameters select different parameter combinations according to different airplane configurations or task types, and can also properly cut the motion surface and the movable mechanism according to the integrity of the three-dimensional body model, such as only replaying airplane control surface deflection and undercarriage states and not replaying the weapon launching dynamics of the airplane. The configuration degree of the flight dynamic playback resources can be optimized.
The map files used by the track map playback module comprise an off-line open source map packet file, a self-constructed virtual terrain scene with a specific area size or network map data acquired online through latitude and longitude in atmospheric feature voting parameters, and a proper mode can be used according to the resource abundance of the flight playback carrier.
In addition, the system also comprises parameters needing to be checked in maintenance work, including working parameters of a fuel system, a hydraulic system, an environment control system, a flight control system and a task system.
The fault correlation analysis logic can be combined with the existing PHM (fault prediction and health management) technology to realize false alarm filtering and fault prediction work, improve the accuracy of fault and alarm information, generate fault forecast information, synchronously play back with the attitude of the airplane and improve the intelligent guarantee capability of airplane maintenance work.
The task profile parameters can be added with airplane performance design index thresholds according to different airplane configurations, so that performance load overrun evaluation of different task stages is realized, maintenance work reminding is generated according to evaluation results, and maintenance personnel are prompted to carry out targeted inspection on overrun parts.
In order to better describe the implementation of the parameterized flight dynamic playback method, the following two embodiments are used to describe the specific implementation steps in detail.
Embodiment 1-parameterized flight dynamic playback method of certain unmanned aerial vehicle
A certain type of unmanned aerial vehicle adopts a normal pneumatic layout, a high-aspect-ratio middle single wing and a V-shaped empennage are arranged, wings are provided with flaps, flaperon ailerons and ailerons, a vertical tail is provided with a direction/elevator, and an engine is provided with 1 set of propeller screw-1A propellers.
As shown in fig. 3, a moving surface model and a static body model of a left aileron, a right aileron, a left flaperon, a right flaperon, a left inner rudder, a left outer rudder, a right inner rudder, a right outer rudder, a propeller, a nose landing gear, a main landing gear and weapons 1-6 of the airplane are established, a data mapping interface is established to associate all moving surfaces with displacement voting parameters, and the moving surface model is driven to act and playback the attitude through the moving surface displacement voting parameters.
As shown in fig. 4, a characteristic parameter extraction module is used for extracting a pitch angle, a roll angle and a course angle of an unmanned aerial vehicle system to represent flight postures, a longitude, a latitude and an air pressure altitude to represent an aircraft position, ground speed and vacuum speed parameters are extracted to carry out scene element switching to represent an aircraft speed through reverse displacement calculation, a motion plane is represented through a control plane position, an undercarriage folding and unfolding state, a propeller rotating speed and a weapon 1-6 launching state, fault quantity and continuous quantity in airborne system state parameters are extracted to carry out interpretation, airborne fault and alarm information are generated by assisting fault quantity correlation analysis and rule-based false alarm filtering, mission profile information is generated by extracting front wheel loads, main wheel loads, engine rotating speeds and missile launching states to carry out interpretation, and different concerned parameters are selected for different mission profiles. The information is loaded into a flight dynamic playback module to realize the linkage playback of the three-dimensional airplane model and the motion surface action of a certain type of unmanned aerial vehicle system, the synchronous playback of the airplane attitude and fault alarm information and the synchronous monitoring playback of important parameters facing a task section. The method comprises the steps of loading a plane map and a satellite map file which are locally stored through a track map playback module, marking navigation track points in the map file through a longitude and latitude matching algorithm for atmospheric characteristic voting parameters, drawing a track line of the whole flight process according to the time sequence of passing through the track points, playing back the track map of the whole flight process according to a time axis, and displaying the plane map track or the satellite map track in a switching mode.
Embodiment 2-method for dynamic playback of parameterized flight of certain aircraft
As shown in fig. 5, a moving surface model and a static body model of a left aileron, a right aileron, a left wing, a right wing, a left flap, a right flap, a left vertical tail, a right vertical tail, a nose landing gear, a main landing gear, weapons 1-10 of the aircraft are established, a data mapping interface is established to associate all moving surfaces with displacement voting parameters, and the moving surface model is driven to act and playback the attitude through the moving surface displacement voting parameters.
As shown in fig. 6, a characteristic parameter extraction module is used for extracting a pitch angle, a roll angle and a course angle of an airplane to represent a flight attitude, extracting a longitude, a latitude and an air pressure altitude to represent an airplane position, extracting ground speed and vacuum speed parameters to carry out scene element switching to represent an airplane speed through reverse displacement calculation, representing a moving plane dynamic state through a control plane position, an undercarriage folding and unfolding state and a weapon 1-10 launching state, extracting a fault prediction and diagnosis result transmitted by an airborne PHM (health prediction and health management) system to generate airborne faults and alarm information, carrying out interpretation through extracting a front wheel load, a main wheel load, an engine rotating speed and a launching state to generate task section information, and selecting different attention parameters for different task sections. And loading the information into a flight dynamic playback module to respectively realize the linkage playback of the three-dimensional airplane model and the motion surface action, the synchronous playback of the airplane attitude and the fault alarm information and the synchronous monitoring playback of important parameters facing to the task section. The method comprises the steps of loading a plane map and a satellite map file which are locally stored through a track map playback module, marking navigation track points in the map file through a longitude and latitude matching algorithm for atmospheric characteristic voting parameters, drawing a track line of the whole flight process according to the time sequence of passing through the track points, playing back the track map of the whole flight process according to a time axis, and displaying the plane map track or the satellite map track in a switching mode.
Claims (8)
1. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, establishing a high-precision low-surface-number three-dimensional body model aiming at different airplane configurations, modeling ailerons, flaps, empennages, motion surfaces, undercarriages and propeller body structures according to the real sizes of airplanes, establishing data mapping interfaces for all motion surface mechanisms, establishing airport, tower, runway, sky, cloud and terrain view models at the same time, and loading and generating a three-dimensional simulation playback scene for supporting the dynamic playback of the flight;
step 2, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method obtains airborne parameter values and a sequence of sampling moments by reading and analyzing flight data, and performs static parameter playback in a static parameter playback module in the form of a parameter curve and a parameter list;
step 3, extracting atmospheric characteristic voting parameters, motion surface displacement voting parameters, airborne system state parameters and task section parameters of the airplane through a characteristic parameter extraction module, the system comprises an atmospheric characteristic characterization parameter, a motion plane displacement voting parameter, an airborne system state parameter, a mission profile parameter and a time axis, wherein the atmospheric characteristic characterization parameter comprises longitude, latitude, barometric altitude, vacuum speed and Mach number measured by an aircraft atmospheric system, the motion plane displacement voting parameter comprises position voting values of all control planes of the aircraft, propeller rotation speed and landing gear retraction and release states, the airborne system state parameter comprises an aircraft electromechanical system, a flight control system, a mission system fault state and alarm information, the mission profile parameter comprises wheel load, ground speed, surface speed and missile launching state which characterize flight mission characteristics, the state parameter also comprises state parameters stored in flight data, sampling time sequences of all parameters are unified after all characteristic parameters are extracted, and the time axis used for supporting dynamic flight playback;
step 4, loading a plane map or satellite map file which is locally stored or acquired on line through a track map playback module, marking navigation track points in the map file through a longitude and latitude matching algorithm on the atmospheric characteristic voting parameters acquired in the step 3, drawing a track line of the whole flight process according to the time sequence of passing through each track point, and playing back the track map of the whole flight process according to a time axis;
step 5, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method simulates flight attitude through loading the three-dimensional simulation playback scene generated in the step 1, the atmospheric characteristic voting parameter and the motion plane displacement voting parameter generated in the step 3, simulates the position of the aircraft in the three-dimensional simulation playback scene through the pitch angle, the roll angle and the course angle of the aircraft, simulates the speed of the aircraft through switching of scene elements of a runway, a sky, a terrain and a cloud, renders deflection of a control plane, retraction and release of an undercarriage and rotation of a propeller through the motion plane displacement voting parameter, and plays back the attitude, the position, the speed and the motion of the aircraft in the whole flight process according to a time axis;
step 6, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method loads the airborne system state parameters generated in the step 3, injects fault interpretation logic, continuous parameter overrun interpretation logic and fault association analysis logic to generate airplane fault and alarm information, matches a flight playback time axis according to occurrence time and disappearance time, displays the fault and alarm information at corresponding time in a corresponding flight playback picture frame, and realizes synchronous playback of airplane attitude and fault alarm information;
and 7, the parameterized flight dynamic playback method divides the flight process into six stages of driving, sliding, taking off, cruising, throwing and landing through loading the task section parameters generated in the step 3 and through the engine rotating speed, the wheel load state, the wheel speed and the weapon launching state, selects and loads system parameters needing important attention in different task stages, synchronously displays the system parameters in a flight dynamic playback picture in a parameter monitoring table mode, refreshes parameter value information, and realizes the task section-oriented parameter synchronous monitoring playback.
2. The parameterized flight dynamics playback method of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional body model and the view model comprise a 3DMAX model.
3. The parameterized flying dynamic playback method according to claim 1, wherein the parameter curves in the static parameter playback module include a parameter timing chart in which the sampling time is the parameter value of the horizontal axis and the vertical axis, and a parameter scatter chart in which the parameter is combined into the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.
4. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method of claim 1, wherein the motion plane displacement voting parameters are selected from different parameter combinations according to different aircraft configurations or task types.
5. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method according to claim 1, wherein the map files used by the track map playback module include offline open source map package files, self-constructed virtual terrain scenes of a specific area size, or online network map data acquired through latitude and longitude in atmospheric feature voting parameters.
6. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 further includes parameters to be checked for maintenance work, including working parameters of a fuel system, a hydraulic system, an environmental control system, a flight control system and a mission system.
7. The parameterized flight dynamics playback method of claim 1, wherein the fault correlation analysis logic works in conjunction with existing fault prediction and health management techniques to implement false alarm filtering and fault prediction.
8. The parameterized flight dynamic playback method of claim 1, wherein the mission profile parameters are added with aircraft performance design indicator thresholds according to different aircraft configurations.
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| Anderson | Historical review of piloted simulation at NASA Ames | |
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| Hidayatulloh et al. | Design of Quad Plane UAV with Carrier Gripper for First Aid of Victims from Aircraft Accident | |
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