CN112213584A - Inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis method and device and monitoring equipment - Google Patents
Inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis method and device and monitoring equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method, a device and a monitoring device for diagnosing the limited power operation of an inverter, which are used for obtaining the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after starting from a monitoring system and calculating the corresponding characteristic value of the inverter to be diagnosed at each moment according to the operation data. And if the characteristic value of the inverter to be diagnosed is smaller than a preset threshold value within a preset time period which is not less than a first preset time length after the inverter is started, judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed within the preset time period before the diagnosis time. According to the scheme, whether the inverter is in the power-limited operation state or not is judged according to the data characteristics of the operation data of the inverter in the power-limited operation state from the operation data of each inverter obtained by a monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, the inverter does not need to be upgraded and replaced, the hardware success of power-limited operation diagnosis is reduced, meanwhile, the hardware cost and the time cost of the built photovoltaic power station are reduced, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for diagnosing power-limiting operation of an inverter and monitoring equipment.
Background
The maximum allowable access power parameter is a technical parameter of the inverter, a designer usually designs a photovoltaic system according to the parameter, and a manufacturer usually normalizes the parameter to be 1.1-1.4 times of rated power, or even higher. In the actual use process, the inverter has a power-limited operation state due to system design or abnormality, that is, the output power of the inverter hardly changes, if the inverter operates in the power-limited operation state with lower power for a long time, the photovoltaic system has low power generation efficiency, and if the inverter operates in the power-limited operation state with higher power for a long time, the service life of the inverter is shortened.
In the related art, a diagnosis function of a power-limited operation state is usually added to the functions of the inverter, and the method needs to add software and hardware investment of the inverter, so that the cost of the inverter is increased; the inverter of each type needs to be developed and upgraded, the period is long, the efficiency is low, and the upgrading and upgrading of the inverter in the built photovoltaic power station are difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, and a monitoring device for diagnosing power-limited operation of an inverter, so as to solve the technical problems in the related art that the inverter is difficult to upgrade and upgrade in an existing photovoltaic power station due to power-limited operation diagnosis. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for diagnosing limited power operation of an inverter, comprising:
acquiring operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after starting;
calculating a characteristic value corresponding to each moment of the inverter to be diagnosed in a time period which is longer than a first preset time after the inverter is started according to the operation data;
if the characteristic value is smaller than a preset threshold value, judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the running data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time, wherein the distance between the diagnosis time and the starting time is longer than the first preset time.
In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the characteristic value is an active power fluctuation rate.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, according to a data feature of operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time, a power limit type of the inverter to be diagnosed includes:
judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state or not according to alternating current data within a first preset time before the diagnosis time at the diagnosis time which is longer than the first preset time from the starting time;
and for the diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time from the starting time, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution power limit operation state or an abnormal power limit operation state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, at the diagnosis time when the internal distance starting time is greater than a first preset time, whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power operation state according to ac current data within the first preset time before the diagnosis time includes:
calculating the mean deviation of the alternating current according to the alternating current data in a first preset time before the diagnosis time;
if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state;
and if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in an extremely low power operation state.
In yet another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, for a diagnosis time greater than a second preset time from a startup time, determining whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-limit power operation state or an abnormal-limit power state according to a maximum power point tracking voltage and an active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time, includes:
if the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the rated active power or not;
if the active power mean value in the first preset time period is greater than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the active power mean value in the first preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an abnormal power operation state.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, according to a data feature of operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time, a power limit type of the inverter to be diagnosed includes:
for the diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time from the starting time, if the inverters in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located in a preset proportion meet the data characteristics of the abnormal power limit operation state, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in the scheduling power limit operation state;
the data characteristics of the abnormal power operation state comprise that the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, and the active power mean value in the third preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:
and marking and storing the limited power type corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at the current diagnosis moment.
In yet another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:
judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in a power-limited operation state at the last diagnosis moment of the current diagnosis moment;
if the inverter to be diagnosed is in a limited power operation state at the last diagnosis moment, judging whether the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at the current diagnosis moment is smaller than the preset threshold value;
if the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis moment is smaller than the preset threshold, determining that the limited power type corresponding to the current diagnosis moment of the inverter to be diagnosed is the same as the limited power type of the last diagnosis moment;
and if the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis moment is larger than or equal to the preset threshold, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in a limited power operation state at the current diagnosis moment.
In another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:
and after the power-limited operation states of all inverters in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located at the current diagnosis time are diagnosed, continuously diagnosing the power-limited operation states corresponding to the inverters at the next diagnosis time of the current diagnosis time until the inverters are diagnosed to be in the power-limited operation states within a preset diagnosis time period, and outputting the inverters with the power-limited operation states and the power-limited types in the photovoltaic system.
In yet another possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the method further includes:
when all inverters in a limited power operation state in the photovoltaic system are determined, generating an alarm signal aiming at the inverters in the limited power operation state;
when it is detected that the inverter is no longer in a power limited operating state, the alarm signal for the inverter is eliminated.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides an inverter limited power operation diagnosis device, including:
the operation data acquisition module is used for acquiring operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after the inverter is started;
the power fluctuation rate calculation module is used for calculating a characteristic value corresponding to each moment of the inverter to be diagnosed within a time period which is longer than a first preset time length after the inverter to be diagnosed is started according to the operation data;
the power fluctuation rate judging module is used for judging whether the characteristic values are all smaller than a preset threshold value;
and the power limit type determining module is used for judging the power limit type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristics of the running data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time when the characteristic value is smaller than a preset threshold value, wherein the diagnosis time is longer than the first preset time from the starting time.
In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the characteristic value is an active power fluctuation rate.
In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the limited power type determining module includes:
the extremely-low-power line determining submodule is used for judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely-low-power running state or not according to alternating current data within a first preset time before the diagnosis time for the diagnosis time which is longer than the first preset time from the starting time;
and the abnormal and over-matched operation determining submodule is used for judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-matched power limit operation state or an abnormal power limit operation state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within a second preset time before the diagnosis time for the diagnosis time which is longer than the second preset time from the starting time.
In another possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the very low power row determination submodule is specifically configured to:
calculating the mean deviation of the alternating current according to the alternating current data in a first preset time before the diagnosis time;
if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state;
and if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in an extremely low power operation state.
In another possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the over-matching and abnormal operation determining submodule is specifically configured to:
if the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the rated active power or not;
if the active power mean value in the first preset time period is greater than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the active power mean value in the first preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an abnormal power operation state.
In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the limited power type determining module includes:
the scheduling power limit determining submodule is used for determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in a scheduling power limit operation state if the inverters in a preset proportion in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located meet the data characteristics of an abnormal power limit operation state at a diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time length from a starting time;
the data characteristics of the abnormal power operation state comprise that the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, and the active power mean value in the third preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a monitoring device, including a memory and a processor;
the memory stores program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the stored instructions in the memory to execute the inverter limited power operation method according to any one of the first aspect.
According to the inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis method, the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after the inverter is started up are obtained from the monitoring system, and the corresponding characteristic value of the inverter to be diagnosed at each moment is calculated according to the operation data. And if the characteristic value of the inverter to be diagnosed is smaller than a preset threshold value within a preset time period which is not less than a first preset time length after the inverter is started, judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed within the preset time period before the diagnosis time. According to the scheme, whether the inverter is in the power-limited operation state or not is judged according to the data characteristics of the operation data of the inverter in the power-limited operation state from the operation data of each inverter obtained by a monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, the inverter does not need to be upgraded and replaced, the hardware success of power-limited operation diagnosis is reduced, meanwhile, the hardware cost and the time cost of the built photovoltaic power station are reduced, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for diagnosing a limited power operation of an inverter according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a power limited type process for diagnosing an inverter provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another inverter limited power operation diagnostic method provided by an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of diagnostic moments for various power limit types provided by embodiments of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power-limited operation diagnosis device of an inverter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a limited power type determining module provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for diagnosing a limited power operation of an inverter according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the method may be applied to a monitoring system, and as shown in fig. 1, the method may include:
and S110, acquiring the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after the inverter is started.
The inverter to be diagnosed can be any one of the undiagnosed inverters in the photovoltaic power station at the current moment.
In the embodiment of the application, the operation data of all inverters in the photovoltaic power station are obtained in real time from a monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station. Further, the monitoring system may be a cloud monitoring platform.
Wherein the operating data includes active Power, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) voltage and alternating current of the inverter.
In an embodiment of the present application, the power-on time of each inverter may be determined by the active power data, for example, if the active power value of the inverter is not zero, the inverter is considered to be powered on. And acquiring the operation data after the moment, namely the operation data after the inverter is started from the monitoring system.
And S120, calculating the characteristic value corresponding to each moment of the inverter to be diagnosed in a time period which is not less than a first preset time length from the starting-up moment according to the operation data.
In an embodiment of the present application, the characteristic value of the operation data calculated in this step is an active power fluctuation rate.
The active power fluctuation ratio refers to a ratio of a difference value between active powers corresponding to two adjacent moments to an active power at a previous moment in the two adjacent moments.
Generally, attention is seldom paid to the power-limited operation state within a short time, for example, attention is rarely paid to the power-limited operation state within 0.5h, so that diagnosis of whether the inverter is in the power-limited operation state is started at least after the inverter is powered on for a first preset time period. After the inverter is started for the first preset time, whether the inverter is in the limited power operation state or not can be diagnosed in real time according to the preset diagnosis time granularity.
The time granularity can be set according to actual requirements, and the smaller the time granularity is, the higher the diagnosis precision is, but the higher the diagnosis calculation amount is. Therefore, a suitable time granularity, e.g., 5min, needs to be determined taking into account the diagnostic accuracy requirements and the computational power of the monitoring system.
The fluctuation rate of the active power of the inverter in the limited power operation state is usually very small, so whether limited power operation exists or not can be preliminarily judged through the fluctuation rate of the active power.
And S130, if the characteristic value is smaller than the preset threshold value, continuously judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the operation data in the preset time period before the diagnosis time.
And the time length from the diagnosis time to the starting time of the inverter is not less than a first preset time length.
Taking the characteristic value as the active power fluctuation rate as an example for explanation, if the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to each moment in a preset time period which is not less than a first preset time length after starting up of a certain inverter is less than a preset threshold value, it is indicated that the inverter is possibly in a power-limited operation state, the data characteristics of the operation data in the preset time period before the diagnosis moment are further analyzed, and if the active power, the MPPT voltage and the alternating current simultaneously meet the corresponding power-limited characteristics, it is determined that the inverter is in the power-limited operation state.
In one embodiment of the present application, the limited power types include very low power, over-configured limited power, abnormal limited power, and scheduled limited power.
The inverter has the advantages that the inverter is extremely low in power, generally, in the morning, the insulation resistance and the leakage current are large, strong electromagnetic interference exists, the maximum power point tracking has deviation, and the active power value of the inverter is extremely low.
When the weather is clear, the output power of the inverter usually exceeds the rated power, and the output power is hardly changed and has a very low fluctuation rate.
In case of abnormal power limit, communication abnormality may occur in inverters of individual photovoltaic arrays in a photovoltaic power station, so that the inverters receive wrong power instructions, the inverters operate in a power-limited mode, and output power generally does not exceed rated power.
And scheduling power limit, wherein if most inverters in the photovoltaic power station are in an abnormal power limit operation state, the photovoltaic power station possibly receives a scheduling instruction, and the condition is defined as scheduling power limit.
And judging the power limit type of the photovoltaic inverter according to the characteristics corresponding to different power limit types.
The inverter limited power operation diagnosis method provided by this embodiment obtains operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after starting from the monitoring system, and calculates a characteristic value corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at each time according to the operation data. And if the characteristic values of the inverter to be diagnosed are smaller than the preset threshold value within the preset time period which is not less than the first preset time length after the starting, judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristics of the running data of the inverter to be diagnosed within the preset time period before the diagnosis time. According to the scheme, the operation data of each inverter is obtained from the monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, whether the inverter is in the power-limited operation state or not is judged according to the data characteristics of the operation data of the inverter in the power-limited operation state, the inverter does not need to be upgraded and replaced, the hardware success of power-limited operation diagnosis is reduced, meanwhile, the hardware cost and the time cost of the built photovoltaic power station are reduced, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the process of determining the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed in S130 may include the steps of:
s131, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state or not according to alternating current data within a first preset time before the diagnosis time at the diagnosis time which is longer than the first preset time (0.5h) from the starting time.
The extremely low power operation state is diagnosed at the earliest after the first preset time period of the startup of the inverter, so that whether the inverter is in the extremely low power operation state or not can be diagnosed after the first preset time period of the startup of the inverter.
When the inverter is in the extremely low power operation state, the output current of the inverter has obvious deviation and uniqueness, that is, the output current of the inverter has obvious deviation only in the extremely low power operation time period, so that the embodiment can continuously judge whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in the extremely low power operation state according to the alternating current data within the first preset time period before the diagnosis time.
If the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter is in an extremely low power running state; and if the mean deviation of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter is not in the extremely-low-power operation state.
In one embodiment of the present application, AC current mean deviationΔICan be calculated according to equation 1:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the average value of the alternating current,ΔIis the mean deviation of the alternating current, IA、IB、ICA, B, C three-phase current in sequence
IAre all made of＝(IA+IB+IC) And the average deviation of the alternating current is A, B, C three-phase current by calculation of/3.
The preset value may be set faster than actual conditions, for example, 10%, and if the ac current mean deviation is greater than 10%, it indicates that the inverter is in a very low power operation state.
In other embodiments of the present application, the active power output by the inverter is much less than the rated power, typically 0.2P, when the inverter is in a very low power operation stateForehead (forehead)Thereafter, the output power of the inverter and the power threshold (e.g., 0.2P) may also be continued accordinglyForehead (forehead)) Whether the power is in an extremely low power operation state is judged according to the magnitude relation of the power; if the active power is smaller than the power threshold value, determining that the system is in an extremely low power operation state; and if the active power is larger than the power threshold value, determining that the running state is not in the extremely low power running state.
And S132, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in the exceeding-distribution-limit power operation state or the abnormal-limit power operation state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time at the diagnosis time which is longer than the second preset time (1h) from the starting-up time.
The over-rated power typically occurs during periods of relatively intense solar radiation, and therefore is typically diagnosed after a relatively long period of startup. The abnormal limit power can be diagnosed after the inverter is started for a longer time, so that the diagnosis time of the over-distribution limit power and the abnormal limit power is the earliest time point after the inverter is started for a second preset time period, and the second preset time period is longer than the first preset time period, for example, the second preset time period may be 1 h.
When the inverter is in an over-distribution power limit operation state or an abnormal power limit operation state, the output alternating current is limited, the fluctuation is small, and under the MPPT tracking function, the output power of the inverter always changes to the maximum power point, so that the MPPT voltage is pulled up. In addition, the active power during operation at over-rated power typically exceeds the rated power, while the active power during operation at abnormal power is typically lower than the rated power. Therefore, it is possible to continuously identify whether the inverter is currently in the over-limit power operation state or the abnormal power operation state based on the voltage characteristics and the power characteristics described above.
In an embodiment of the present application, the diagnosis process of S132 specifically includes:
if the MPPT voltage mean value in a first preset time (0.5h) before the diagnosis time is larger than the MPPT voltage mean value in a third preset time (0.5 h-1 h) before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power or not;
if the mean value of the active power within the first preset time is larger than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the average value of the active power within the third preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in the abnormal power operation state.
And S133, for the diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time from the starting time, if the inverters in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located in a preset proportion are all in an abnormal power limit operation state, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in a scheduling power limit operation state.
Wherein the preset ratio can be set according to actual requirements, for example, 2/3.
According to the inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis method provided by the embodiment, the power-limiting type of the inverter in the power-limiting operation state is further identified according to different characteristics of operation data corresponding to different types of power-limiting operation states, so that operation and maintenance personnel can conveniently perform subsequent operation and maintenance work.
Referring to fig. 3, a flowchart of another inverter limited power operation diagnosis method provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown, and the present embodiment will describe in detail an entire diagnosis process of a certain photovoltaic power plant, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps:
s210, setting a real-time diagnosis time period for the inverter and the granularity of the diagnosis time.
The real-time diagnosis time period is usually a time period of the inverter starting operation, for example, 7:00 to 18: 00. The diagnosis time granularity can be determined according to actual conditions, for example, 5 min. S210 belongs to the initialization phase and only needs to be executed once during initialization.
And S220, acquiring operation data corresponding to each inverter q at the moment i after the photovoltaic power station is started from the monitoring system in real time, wherein the operation data comprises active power, MPPT voltage and alternating current.
The method comprises the steps that whether the inverter is started or not can be judged according to an active power curve of the inverter, when the inverter is started to operate, the output active power of the inverter is larger than 0, the starting time of the inverter can be identified according to the characteristic, the time corresponding to the first active power data which is not 0 in one day of the inverter is recorded, and a starting identifier is added, so that the time length from the starting time can be calculated later.
And S230, judging whether the time length of the inverter q from the starting-up time at the time i is greater than or equal to a first preset time length or not, if so, executing S240, and if not, executing S2110.
And in the initialization stage, setting the current inverter Q to be diagnosed, wherein the initial value Q is 1, and the maximum value of Q is Q, wherein Q is the total number of all inverters needing to be diagnosed in the photovoltaic power station.
And at the current time i, the initial value i is 1, and the maximum value of i is N, wherein N is obtained by calculation according to the set real-time diagnosis time period and the diagnosis time granularity.
The method comprises the steps that whether the inverter is started or not can be judged according to an active power curve of the inverter, when the inverter is started to operate, the output active power of the inverter is larger than 0, the starting time of the inverter can be identified according to the characteristic, the time corresponding to the first active power data which is not 0 in one day of the inverter is recorded, and a starting identifier is added, so that the time length from the starting time can be calculated later.
S240, judging whether the previous moment i-1 of the moment i of the inverter q is in a limited power operation state, if not, executing S250; if yes, executing S2100, and judging whether the active power fluctuation rate of the inverter q at the moment i is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold value.
S250, judging whether the active power fluctuation rate of the inverter q at each moment in a first preset time (for example, 0.5h) before the moment i is less than a set threshold value or not; if so, go to S260; if not, S2110 is performed.
S260, judging whether the time length from the moment i to the starting-up moment of the inverter q is less than a second preset time length (such as 1h), if so, executing S270; if not, S280 is performed.
S270, judging whether the mean deviation of the alternating current of the inverter q in a first preset time period before the moment i is larger than a preset value or not, if so, marking that the inverter q is in an extremely-low-power running state, and executing S2110. If not, S2110 is performed.
S280, judging whether the MPPT voltage mean value Vqi1 of the inverter q in a first preset time period before the moment i is larger than the MPPT voltage mean value Vqi2 in a third preset time period before the moment i; if yes, go to S290; if not, S2110 is performed.
S290, judging whether the active power mean value Pqi of the inverter q in a first preset time period before the moment i is greater than the rated power P of the inverter q or notForehead (forehead)(ii) a If so, marking that the inverter q is in an over-limit power running state, and executing S2110; if not, the inverter q is marked as being in an abnormal power operation state and S2110 is performed.
S2100, judging whether the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the inverter q at the moment i is smaller than or equal to a set threshold value, if so, determining that the power-limited operation type of the inverter q at the moment i is the same as the power-limited type of the inverter q at the last moment i-1, and keeping alarming; if not, eliminating the alarm and recording the alarm time length.
S2110, changing Q to Q +1, and determining whether Q is greater than Q; if so, S2120 is performed; if not, returning to execute S230;
s2120, judging whether the proportion of the inverter marked as abnormal limit power in the photovoltaic power station is larger than a preset proportion (for example, 2/3);
if yes, determining that the scheduling limited power type exists, outputting each limited power type and a corresponding alarm signal in the photovoltaic power station, and executing S2130, wherein the limited power types comprise scheduling limited power, extremely-low power operation and over-distribution limited power.
If not, determining that abnormal power limit types exist, outputting each power limit type existing in the photovoltaic power station and a corresponding alarm signal, and executing S2130, wherein the power limit types comprise extremely-low power operation, over-distribution power limit and abnormal power limit.
S2130 sets i to i +1, and determines whether i is greater than N, if so, it is ended, and if not, the process returns to S220.
In addition, please refer to fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the diagnosis time of each power limit type in the diagnosis time period, a time length from the diagnosis time of the first very low power operation to the boot-up time is greater than or equal to 0.5h, and a time length from the diagnosis time of the first over-configured power limit, the abnormal power limit, and the scheduling power limit to the boot-up time is greater than or equal to 1 h.
According to the power-limited operation diagnosis method for the inverters, whether the inverters are in the power-limited operation state or not is judged according to the data characteristics of the operation data of the inverters in the power-limited operation state from the operation data of each inverter obtained by a monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, the inverters do not need to be upgraded and replaced, the hardware success of power-limited operation diagnosis is reduced, meanwhile, the hardware cost and the time cost of the built photovoltaic power station are reduced, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.
Corresponding to the embodiment of the method for diagnosing the limited power operation of the inverter, the application also provides an embodiment of a device for diagnosing the limited power operation of the inverter.
Referring to fig. 5, a schematic structural diagram of a power-limited operation diagnosis apparatus for an inverter according to an embodiment of the present application is shown, where the apparatus may be applied to a monitoring system, and as shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes:
and an operation data obtaining module 110, configured to obtain operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after starting up.
And a power fluctuation ratio calculation module 120, configured to calculate, according to the operation data, a characteristic value corresponding to each time within a time period that is greater than a first preset time (e.g., 0.5h) after the inverter to be diagnosed is started.
The characteristic value determining module 130 is configured to determine whether the characteristic values are all smaller than a preset threshold.
And a power limit type determining module 140, configured to determine, when the characteristic value is smaller than a preset threshold, a power limit type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to a data characteristic of operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time, where a distance between the diagnosis time and the startup time is greater than the first preset time.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the limited power type determination module 140 includes:
the extremely low power row determining submodule 141 is configured to, for a diagnosis time greater than a first preset time (e.g., 0.5h) from the startup time, determine whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power operation state according to ac current data within the first preset time before the diagnosis time.
In an embodiment of the present application, the very low power row determination submodule 141 is specifically configured to:
calculating the mean deviation of the alternating current according to the alternating current data in a first preset time before the diagnosis time;
if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state;
and if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in an extremely low power operation state.
And the abnormal and excessive operation determining submodule 142 is configured to, for a diagnosis time greater than a second preset time (e.g., 1h) from the starting time, determine, according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time, whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in the excessive power operation state or the abnormal power operation state.
In an embodiment of the present application, the over-matching and abnormal operation determination submodule 142 is specifically configured to:
if the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time (such as 0.5h) before the diagnosis time is greater than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time (such as 0.5 h-1 h) before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time before the diagnosis time is greater than the rated active power or not;
if the active power mean value in the first preset time period is greater than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the active power mean value in the first preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an abnormal power operation state.
In another embodiment of the present application, the limited power type determination module 140 further includes:
the scheduling power limit determining submodule 143 is configured to, for a diagnosis time greater than a second preset time from a startup time, determine that the inverter to be diagnosed is in a scheduling power limit operation state if inverters in a preset proportion in a photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located all meet data characteristics of an abnormal power limit operation state;
the data characteristics of the abnormal power operation state comprise that the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, and the active power mean value in the third preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power.
According to the inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis device, the operation data of each inverter is obtained from the monitoring system of the photovoltaic power station, whether the inverter is in the power-limiting operation state or not is judged according to the data characteristics of the operation data of the inverter in the power-limiting operation state, the inverter does not need to be upgraded and updated, and the hardware success of power-limiting operation diagnosis is reduced. Meanwhile, the hardware cost and the time cost of the built photovoltaic power station are reduced, and the operation and maintenance efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, a schematic structural diagram of another inverter limited power operation diagnosis apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, which further includes, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 5:
and a limited power type recording module 210, configured to mark and store a limited power type corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at the current diagnosis time.
A first determining module 220, configured to determine whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in a limited power operation state at a previous diagnosis time of the current diagnosis time; and if the inverter to be diagnosed is in a limited power operation state at the last diagnosis moment, triggering the power fluctuation rate judgment module to execute a corresponding step.
A first determining module 230, configured to determine that a limited power type corresponding to the current diagnosis time of the inverter to be diagnosed is the same as a limited power type at the previous diagnosis time when the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis time is smaller than the preset threshold;
a second determining module 240, configured to determine that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in a limited power operation state at the current diagnosis time when the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis time is greater than or equal to the preset threshold.
The inverter limited power operation diagnosis device provided in this embodiment diagnoses the limited power type at the current diagnosis time, and then stores the diagnosed limited power type, when the next diagnosis time is diagnosed, it is determined first whether the inverter has a limited power operation problem at the previous diagnosis time, if so, it is continuously determined whether the active power fluctuation rate at the current diagnosis time is smaller than a preset threshold, if so, it is directly determined that the limited power type at the current diagnosis time is the same as the previous diagnosis time, and it is not necessary to re-execute all the procedures of limited power type determination each time, so that the diagnosis time is shortened, and the diagnosis efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of another inverter limited power operation diagnosis apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown, which further includes, on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 5:
the alarm module 310 is configured to generate an alarm signal for an inverter in the limited power operation state after all inverters in the limited power operation state in the photovoltaic system are determined.
An alarm elimination module 320 for eliminating an alarm signal for the inverter when it is detected that the inverter is no longer in a power limited operating state.
According to the inverter power-limiting operation diagnosis device provided by the embodiment, when the inverter power-limiting problem is diagnosed, an alarm signal is generated so that operation and maintenance personnel can eliminate the power-limiting operation in time, the alarm signal is eliminated and the alarm duration is recorded after the power-limiting operation problem disappears, and the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic system is improved.
In another aspect, the present application provides a monitoring device comprising a processor and a memory having stored therein a program executable on the processor. The processor implements the inverter power limit operation diagnostic method described above when executing the program stored in the memory.
The present application also provides a storage medium executable by a computing device, the storage medium having a program stored therein, the program, when executed by the computing device, implementing the inverter limited power operation diagnostic method described above.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the foregoing method embodiments have been described as a series of acts or combination of acts, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the illustrated ordering of acts, as some steps may occur in other orders or concurrently with other steps in accordance with the invention. Further, those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the invention.
It should be noted that technical features described in the embodiments in the present specification may be replaced or combined with each other, each embodiment is mainly described as a difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts between the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the device-like embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The steps in the method of the embodiments of the present application may be sequentially adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs.
The device and the modules and sub-modules in the terminal in the embodiments of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed terminal, apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the above-described terminal embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of a module or a sub-module is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when the terminal is actually implemented, for example, a plurality of sub-modules or modules may be combined or integrated into another module, or some features may be omitted or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or modules, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The modules or sub-modules described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts that are modules or sub-modules may or may not be physical modules or sub-modules, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network modules or sub-modules. Some or all of the modules or sub-modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment.
In addition, each functional module or sub-module in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module or sub-module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules or sub-modules may be integrated into one module. The integrated modules or sub-modules may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may be implemented in the form of software functional modules or sub-modules.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. A method of diagnosing limited power operation of an inverter, comprising:
acquiring operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after starting;
calculating a characteristic value corresponding to each moment of the inverter to be diagnosed in a time period which is longer than a first preset time after the inverter is started according to the operation data;
if the characteristic value is smaller than a preset threshold value, judging the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the running data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time, wherein the distance between the diagnosis time and the starting time is longer than the first preset time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the characteristic value is an active power fluctuation rate.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determining the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time comprises:
judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state or not according to alternating current data within a first preset time before the diagnosis time at the diagnosis time which is longer than the first preset time from the starting time;
and for the diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time from the starting time, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution power limit operation state or an abnormal power limit operation state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein for the diagnosis time when the internal distance starting time is greater than a first preset time, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in the extremely low power operation state according to the alternating current data within the first preset time before the diagnosis time comprises:
calculating the mean deviation of the alternating current according to the alternating current data in a first preset time before the diagnosis time;
if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state;
and if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in an extremely low power operation state.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein for a diagnosis time greater than a second preset time from a starting time, judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-limit power operation state or an abnormal power state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within the second preset time before the diagnosis time comprises:
if the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the rated active power or not;
if the active power mean value in the first preset time period is greater than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the active power mean value in the first preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an abnormal power operation state.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the determining the limited power type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristic of the operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time comprises:
for the diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time from the starting time, if the inverters in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located in a preset proportion meet the data characteristics of the abnormal power limit operation state, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in the scheduling power limit operation state;
the data characteristics of the abnormal power operation state comprise that the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, and the active power mean value in the third preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and marking and storing the limited power type corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at the current diagnosis moment.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising:
judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in a power-limited operation state at the last diagnosis moment of the current diagnosis moment;
if the inverter to be diagnosed is in a limited power operation state at the last diagnosis moment, judging whether the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the inverter to be diagnosed at the current diagnosis moment is smaller than the preset threshold value;
if the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis moment is smaller than the preset threshold, determining that the limited power type corresponding to the current diagnosis moment of the inverter to be diagnosed is the same as the limited power type of the last diagnosis moment;
and if the active power fluctuation rate corresponding to the current diagnosis moment is larger than or equal to the preset threshold, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in a limited power operation state at the current diagnosis moment.
9. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
and after the power-limited operation states of all inverters in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located at the current diagnosis time are diagnosed, continuously diagnosing the power-limited operation states corresponding to the inverters at the next diagnosis time of the current diagnosis time until the inverters are diagnosed to be in the power-limited operation states within a preset diagnosis time period, and outputting the inverters with the power-limited operation states and the power-limited types in the photovoltaic system.
10. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:
when all inverters in a limited power operation state in the photovoltaic system are determined, generating an alarm signal aiming at the inverters in the limited power operation state;
when it is detected that the inverter is no longer in a power limited operating state, the alarm signal for the inverter is eliminated.
11. An inverter power-limited operation diagnostic device, characterized by comprising:
the operation data acquisition module is used for acquiring operation data of the inverter to be diagnosed after the inverter is started;
the power fluctuation rate calculation module is used for calculating a characteristic value corresponding to each moment of the inverter to be diagnosed within a time period which is longer than a first preset time length after the inverter to be diagnosed is started according to the operation data;
the power fluctuation rate judging module is used for judging whether the characteristic values are all smaller than a preset threshold value;
and the power limit type determining module is used for judging the power limit type of the inverter to be diagnosed according to the data characteristics of the running data of the inverter to be diagnosed in a preset time period before the diagnosis time when the characteristic value is smaller than a preset threshold value, wherein the diagnosis time is longer than the first preset time from the starting time.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the characteristic value is an active power fluctuation rate.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 or 12, wherein the power limit type determining module comprises:
the extremely-low-power line determining submodule is used for judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely-low-power running state or not according to alternating current data within a first preset time before the diagnosis time for the diagnosis time which is longer than the first preset time from the starting time;
and the abnormal and over-matched operation determining submodule is used for judging whether the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-matched power limit operation state or an abnormal power limit operation state according to the maximum power point tracking voltage and the active power within a second preset time before the diagnosis time for the diagnosis time which is longer than the second preset time from the starting time.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the very low power row determination submodule is specifically configured to:
calculating the mean deviation of the alternating current according to the alternating current data in a first preset time before the diagnosis time;
if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is larger than a preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an extremely low power running state;
and if the deviation of the mean value of the alternating current is not greater than the preset value, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is not in an extremely low power operation state.
15. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the over-provisioning and abnormal operation determination submodule is specifically configured to:
if the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, judging whether the active power mean value in the first preset time period before the diagnosis time is greater than the rated active power or not;
if the active power mean value in the first preset time period is greater than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an over-distribution limit power operation state;
and if the active power mean value in the first preset time is smaller than the rated active power, determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in an abnormal power operation state.
16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the power limit type determination module comprises:
the scheduling power limit determining submodule is used for determining that the inverter to be diagnosed is in a scheduling power limit operation state if the inverters in a preset proportion in the photovoltaic system where the inverter to be diagnosed is located meet the data characteristics of an abnormal power limit operation state at a diagnosis time which is longer than a second preset time length from a starting time;
the data characteristics of the abnormal power operation state comprise that the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a first preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the maximum power point tracking voltage mean value in a third preset time period before the diagnosis time, and the active power mean value in the third preset time period before the diagnosis time is larger than the rated active power.
17. A monitoring device comprising a memory and a processor;
the memory has stored therein program instructions, and the processor is configured to invoke the stored instructions in the memory to perform the inverter limited power operation method of any of claims 1-10.
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