Out-of-plane rigidity variable metal damper with earthquake monitoring function
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy dissipation and shock absorption of buildings, in particular to an out-of-plane rigidity variable metal damper with an earthquake monitoring function.
Background
In recent years, China has experienced serious earthquakes for many times, which causes huge casualties and property losses, and the traditional structure is difficult to meet the requirements along with the improvement of the fortification intensity of more and more areas. Therefore, the energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is rapidly developed, energy dissipaters are additionally arranged in the structure, so that the energy dissipaters are intensively damaged and dissipated in the earthquake process, the main structure is protected from being damaged or only slightly damaged, the structural function can be rapidly recovered by replacing damaged elements after the earthquake, and the life and property safety of people is guaranteed.
The metal damper has the advantages of excellent energy consumption, no influence of environmental temperature and the like, and is widely applied to energy dissipation and shock absorption design. For metal dampers, most of the metal dampers use the in-plane plastic deformation of the metal dampers to consume energy, the rigidity and the bearing capacity are large, the defects of difficult connection, lack of out-of-plane rigidity of energy consumption metal plates and the like exist, most of the traditional metal dampers are formed by welding, the stress at welding seams is too concentrated and is easy to crack, the performance of the dampers is seriously reduced, and the metal dampers are welded and fixed and are difficult to disassemble, assemble and repair after being damaged. Meanwhile, the damage condition of the damper after the earthquake is difficult to obtain visually, the damper may need to be replaced completely without discrimination in order to ensure the normal and safe use of the structure, huge manpower and material resources are consumed, the recovery cost of the structure after the earthquake is increased, the quick recovery after the earthquake is very unfavorable, and the actual application prospect is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the traditional metal damper, provides an out-of-plane rigidity variable metal damper with an earthquake monitoring function, and adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an out-of-plane rigidity variable metal damper with earthquake monitoring function, comprising: an out-of-plane stiffness variable metal damper with seismic monitoring function, comprising: the energy-consuming metal plate comprises an energy-consuming metal plate 1, a first box-shaped long support 3, a second box-shaped long support 4 and a box-shaped short support 5, wherein the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are respectively matched with one box-shaped short support 5 to form a clamping layer, the two clamping layers are respectively clamped on two side surfaces of the energy-consuming metal plate 1, and a friction plate 2 is arranged between each clamping layer and the energy-consuming metal plate 1 in a cushioning mode; the clamping layer, the energy dissipation metal plate 1 and the friction plate 2 are provided with coaxial through holes and fixed by high-strength bolts 8 in a penetrating way;
the embedded connecting piece comprises a connecting bending-resistant steel plate 12 and an embedded connecting steel plate 11 which are fixedly connected, and one side of the embedded connecting steel plate 11, which is far away from the energy-consuming metal plate 1, is fixedly connected or forms an embedded I-shaped steel 17;
the first box-shaped long support 3, the second box-shaped long support 4 and the box-shaped short support 5 are provided with threaded bolt holes 13 on the frame, and the threaded bolt holes 13 are coaxial with through holes preset on the pre-buried connecting piece and are fixed by penetrating high-strength bolts 8;
the first box-shaped long support 3 and/or the second box-shaped long support 4 are/is provided with a sensor 7.
Further, the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are arranged on different surfaces and different sides, so that the external rigidity of the damper is provided; or the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are arranged on the same side of different surfaces, and the external rigidity of the damper is not provided.
Furthermore, the first box-shaped long support 3 penetrates through the high-strength bolt 8 from inside to outside at a position close to the position not in contact with the energy dissipation metal plate 1, and a nut of the high-strength bolt 8 is clamped between the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4, so that the metal energy dissipation plate 1 is prevented from being damaged due to over-tight connection between the supports.
Further, the sensors 7 are mounted on the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4, the sensors 7 are used for collecting, processing and transmitting damper deformation data, monitoring the damper deformation condition, converting the data from electric signals into digital signals and storing the digital signals in a data collecting, storing and evaluating device, evaluating the damper deformation condition through a damper deformation limit value preset in the module, and finally transmitting the damper deformation data to the server through the wireless transmitting module.
Further, the surface of the pre-buried I-shaped steel 17 is uniformly provided with shear-resistant studs 15 and bending-resistant studs 16.
Furthermore, the shearing force borne by the damper is borne by the embedded connecting steel plates 11 and the shear-resistant studs 15, and the bending moment borne by the damper is borne by the connecting bending-resistant steel plates 12, the anchoring parts 14 and the bending-resistant studs 16.
The shearing resistance bearing capacity of the damper should not exceed that of the connecting component, and the bending moment of the shearing deformation of the damper should be smaller than that of the connecting component, so that all elements of the damper except the energy consumption plate are in elastic deformation during earthquake, and the relative deformation between the embedded section and the wall body is avoided. Meanwhile, the sensor 7 is used for collecting, processing and transmitting damper deformation data, the data are transmitted to the data collecting, storing and evaluating device, the damage degree is judged according to the preset damper deformation limit value, the collecting, storing and evaluating device sends the excessive deformation data of the damper to the server, and engineering personnel are reminded to repair or replace the damper. The damper with the structure is easy to install and replace, can be flexibly arranged in the structure, is low in manufacturing cost, can be quickly replaced after an earthquake, and has good economical efficiency and practicability.
The invention is suitable for the position where the house structure is easy to be in large shearing deformation in earthquake, such as the core tube connecting beam or the upper beam and the lower beam of the frame structure. The distance between the layers of the frame structure is large, a concrete connecting buttress with proper height is required to be arranged, a plurality of dampers can be arranged in parallel, and the dampers can be arranged in a central symmetry mode in order to enhance the rigidity of the frame.
The invention utilizes the sensor to collect, process and transmit the deformation data of the damper in the earthquake process in real time, and utilizes the collecting, storing and evaluating device to send the excessive deformation data of the damper to the server, thereby reminding engineering personnel and ensuring the safety of the structure; the invention provides the out-of-plane rigidity for the energy consumption plate, effectively ensures the energy consumption capability of the damper by utilizing the in-plane plastic deformation, and improves the performance of the damper; the damper adopts a connection mode of full bolt assembly, the replacement mode is simple, and all elements of the damper except the energy consumption plate are in elastic deformation, so that the cost is saved, and the damper has the function of being quickly recovered to be used after an earthquake; all materials related to the invention are metal, and have good durability after being processed; the invention has simple structure, clear mechanical mechanism and stable mechanical property; the out-of-plane rigidity of the invention can be flexibly designed according to requirements, and the application range is wider.
Drawings
FIG. 1: schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the invention
FIG. 2: structural cross-sectional view of embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 3: schematic view of the first box-type long holder in embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 4: schematic view of second box type long holder in embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 5: schematic diagram of box-type short support in embodiment 1 of the invention
FIG. 6: schematic diagram of embedded connecting piece in embodiment 1 of the invention
FIG. 7: schematic view of friction plate in embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 8: schematic diagram of energy-consuming metal plate in embodiment 1 of the invention
FIG. 9: schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the invention
FIG. 10: schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the invention
FIG. 11: schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4 of the invention
FIG. 12: schematic structural diagram of embodiment 5 of the invention
1-energy-consuming metal plate, 2-friction plate, 3-first box-shaped long support, 4-second box-shaped long support, 5-box-shaped short support, 6-smooth surface, 7-sensor, 8-high-strength bolt, 9-nut, 10-gasket, 11-embedded connecting steel plate, 12-connecting bending-resistant steel plate, 13-threaded bolt hole, 14-anchoring member, 15-shear-resistant bolt nail, 16-bending-resistant bolt nail and 17-embedded I-shaped steel.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the various embodiments, the invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures.
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8, the damper of this embodiment includes an energy-consuming metal plate 1, a friction plate 2, a first box-shaped long support 3, a second box-shaped long support 4, a box-shaped short support 5, a smooth surface 6, a sensor 7, a high-strength bolt 8, a nut 9, a gasket 10, a pre-embedded connection steel plate 11, a connection bending-resistant steel plate 12, a threaded bolt hole 13, an anchor 14, a shear-resistant stud 15, a bending-resistant stud 16, and a pre-embedded i-shaped steel 17. During assembly, a sensor 7 is placed on a first box-shaped long support 3 and a second box-shaped long support 4, whether the damper needs out-of-plane rigidity is judged according to requirements, if the out-of-plane rigidity is needed, the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are installed on different sides of an opposite surface, the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are respectively matched with a box-shaped short support 5 to form a clamping layer, the two clamping layers are respectively clamped on two sides of an energy-consuming metal plate 1, a friction plate 2 is arranged between the clamping layer and the energy-consuming metal plate 1 in a cushioning mode, coaxial through holes are formed in the clamping layer, the energy-consuming metal plate 1 and the friction plate 2, and the high-strength bolt 8 penetrates through the coaxial through holes to be fixed; if the out-of-plane rigidity is not required, the first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 are installed on the same side of the opposite surface, and the clamping layer, the energy dissipation metal plate 1 and the friction plate 2 are fixed through the high-strength bolts 8. The contact surfaces of the first box-shaped long support 3, the second box-shaped long support 4, the box-shaped short support 5 and the friction plate 2 are subjected to anti-skid treatment, the embedded connecting piece is fixedly connected with the first box-shaped long support 3, the second box-shaped long support 4 and the box-shaped short support 5 through high-strength bolts 8, then shear-resistant studs 15 and bending-resistant studs 16 are installed on embedded I-shaped steel 17 of the embedded connecting piece, and the embedded I-shaped steel 17 and the anchoring piece 14 are poured into concrete together. After the damper is assembled, a flexible filling material can be injected into gaps among the damper, the floor slab and the connecting beam, so that the damper is protected from corrosion.
Example 2
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of this embodiment, in a shear wall structure, a damper is placed at a coupling beam of a shear wall, relative displacement at two ends of the coupling beam during an earthquake is used to drive the damper to work and consume energy, embedded connection steel plates 11, anchoring members 14, shear resistant studs 15, bending resistant studs 16 and embedded i-shaped steel 17 at two ends of the damper are embedded in the shear wall and tightly combined with concrete, and meanwhile, a certain distance is left between the upper surface of the damper and the lower surface of a floor slab to prevent the damper from damaging the floor slab during the earthquake.
Example 3
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment. In the coupling beam of shear wall structure, the attenuator is arranged layer by layer, place the attenuator in the coupling beam department between the shear wall, the attenuator upper surface leaves certain distance with the floor lower surface, prevent that the attenuator from destroying the floor in earthquake process, simultaneously, the long support 3 of first box type and the long support 4 of second box type in the attenuator antarafacial setting of heterofacial features and utilize high strength bolt 8 to fix, provide off-plane rigidity for the attenuator, the attenuator symmetrical arrangement of adjacent layer can provide the off-plane rigidity of different normal directions for adjacent layer, thereby provide off-plane rigidity for the shear wall of overall structure.
Example 4
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment. Placing a plurality of dampers between the layers of a frame structure, connecting the upper ends of the dampers with the frame beams on the upper layer, connecting the lower ends of the dampers with the concrete connecting buttress, pouring the concrete connecting buttress and the frame beams on the lower layer into a whole, and ensuring that the concrete connecting buttress has enough bearing capacity and initial rigidity to avoid quitting work before the dampers lose performance. The first box-shaped long support 3 and the second box-shaped long support 4 in the damper can be arranged on different sides or on the same side according to the requirement of providing out-of-plane rigidity for the damper.
Example 5
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the present embodiment. The damper is placed between layers of a frame structure, the damper is driven to work and consume energy by utilizing the displacement between the layers during earthquake, the upper end of the damper is connected with the upper-layer frame beam, the lower end of the damper is connected with the concrete connecting buttress, the concrete connecting buttress and the lower-layer frame beam are poured into a whole, the concrete connecting buttress is required to have enough bearing capacity and initial rigidity, and the damper is prevented from withdrawing from working before losing performance. The long support 3 of first box-type of attenuator and the equal different face opposite side setting of the long support 4 of second box-type and pass through high strength bolt 8 to be fixed, for the attenuator provides off-plane rigidity, and the same floor attenuator symmetric arrangement simultaneously provides anti side rigidity for frame construction.