CN112210743A - Aluminum alloy section and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy section and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112210743A CN112210743A CN202011065272.1A CN202011065272A CN112210743A CN 112210743 A CN112210743 A CN 112210743A CN 202011065272 A CN202011065272 A CN 202011065272A CN 112210743 A CN112210743 A CN 112210743A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/14—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/16—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/12—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent
- C22C21/18—Alloys based on aluminium with copper as the next major constituent with zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/057—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with copper as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/04—Wing frames not characterised by the manner of movement
- E06B3/263—Frames with special provision for insulation
- E06B3/26301—Frames with special provision for insulation with prefabricated insulating strips between two metal section members
- E06B3/26305—Connection details
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
- E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
- E06B5/20—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise
- E06B5/205—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise windows therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of door and window aluminum profiles, and particularly discloses an aluminum alloy profile and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps of casting the aluminum alloy profile and powder spraying, wherein the powder spraying process comprises the following steps: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder; then, nitrogen and oxygen are used as working gases, and the working gases are sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of ion gas. The invention can enhance the bonding strength of the coating and the surface of the aluminum alloy section, obviously improve the oxidation resistance, ageing resistance, toughness and corrosion resistance of the surface layer, and endow the aluminum section with excellent antibacterial performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of door and window aluminum materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy section and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The aluminum profile type sliding door and window is widely used in the current windows for buildings, has the advantages of saving space and increasing indoor lighting effect, is generally provided with an upper fixing frame, a fixed upper slide, a lower slide and a movable window sash which is arranged between the fixed upper slide and the lower slide in a left-right sliding manner, the upper part is an aluminum profile for the movable window sash and matched with the fixed upper slide, one end of the upper part is provided with fixed glass, and the other end of the upper part is matched with the fixed upper slide.
The upper aluminum profile structure is generally composed of an inner profile, an outer profile and a heat insulation penetrating strip for connecting the inner profile and the outer profile in the middle, the two heat insulation penetrating strips are generally arranged at intervals up and down, and the stability is relatively low, so that the movable window sash structure is unstable and shakes back and forth. In addition, if the movable window sash is derailed, the movable window sash easily falls from the high altitude, and potential safety hazards exist.
In addition, when the aluminum alloy part is exposed in the air, because the air contains oxygen, moisture, temperature change and other corrosive factors, the corrosion of the aluminum alloy part is inevitable, and when the aluminum alloy part is corroded for a long time, the performance of the aluminum alloy part is directly reduced greatly, and the aluminum alloy part cannot work continuously, so that the technical problem to be solved is how to improve the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy part.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy profile, which can enhance the corrosion resistance of the surface of the aluminum alloy profile.
The technical scheme is as follows: the manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the steps of casting and powder spraying of the aluminum alloy section, wherein the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following specific steps:
2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 800-1000 r/min for 1.5-2 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder;
2.2), plasma spraying: nitrogen and oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 650-800 ℃, the powder feeding speed of modified aluminum powder is 10-15 g/min, the ionic gas flow is 0.8-1.2L/min, the scanning speed is 200-500 mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas;
2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 135-150 ℃ for 20-30 min to obtain the sprayed section.
The weight parts of the raw materials in the step 2.1) are as follows: wherein 3-5 parts of bentonite, 0.2-0.5 part of silver antibacterial agent, 5-8 parts of boron nitride and 20-30 parts of recycled aluminum particles, and the weight ratio of added water to bentonite is 20-25: 1.
The casting process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following specific steps:
1.1), smelting and casting: putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB crystal grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 30-60 min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length as required;
the ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.25 to 0.35 percent of silicon, 2.7 to 3.0 percent of magnesium, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of iron, 3.2 to 3.5 percent of copper, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of manganese, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of zinc, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of titanium, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of zirconium, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements and the balance of aluminum;
1.2), annealing treatment: heating to 300-320 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, heating to 550-580 ℃ at 70-90 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 5-6 hours, then cooling with air, heating to 400-420 ℃ at 60-80 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 5-6 hours; then cooling to 135-150 ℃ and preserving the heat for 5-6 hours;
1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 450-500 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8 hours, then extruding the heated round casting rod from a die by using an extruder for molding, putting the round casting rod into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 110-130 ℃, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 120-130 ℃ for 3-4 hours.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy profile which can improve safety in use and enhance the stability of the inner and outer structures of the aluminum profile.
The technical scheme is as follows: an aluminum alloy profile comprises a profile inner body, a profile outer body and a heat insulation penetrating strip connected between the profile inner body and the profile outer body, wherein the profile inner body and the profile outer body are both manufactured by the manufacturing method, the cross section of the heat insulation penetrating strip is in an X-shaped structure, four ends of the heat insulation penetrating strip are dovetail joints, and dovetail mortises matched with the dovetail joints are arranged at positions of the profile inner body and the profile outer body corresponding to the dovetail joints respectively; an installation groove for installing and fixing glass is formed between the bottom end of the profile inner body and the bottom end of the profile outer body, a sliding groove in sliding fit with the sliding way of the fixed upper slide is formed between the top end of the profile inner body and the top end of the profile inner body, and the top end of the profile inner body is connected with a safety flat plate.
Preferably, the opposite sides of the top end of the profile inner body and the top end of the profile outer body are respectively formed with an H-shaped groove for installing a feather edge strip which is abutted and matched with the slide way of the fixed upper slide.
Preferably, the positions of the profile inner body and the profile outer body, which correspond to the heat insulation penetrating strips respectively, are also provided with heat insulation cavities respectively.
Preferably, the side walls of the mounting grooves are respectively provided with wavy teeth.
Preferably, the safety seat comprises a safety seat and a safety flat plate, the safety seat is integrally formed at the top end of the profile inner body, the safety flat plate is rotatably connected to one side, close to the sliding groove, of the top end of the safety seat through a pin shaft, a torsion spring is sleeved on the pin shaft, one torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the safety flat plate, and the other torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the side wall of the safety seat.
Preferably, the bottom surface of the safety flat plate is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped groove is used for installing soundproof cotton matched with the slide way of the fixed upper slide in an abutting mode.
Preferably, a limiting plate is horizontally welded at the position, corresponding to the safety flat plate, of the top end of the safety seat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the powder spraying process adopts modified aluminum powder as coating powder, the modified aluminum powder contains bentonite, boron nitride, recycled aluminum particles and a silver antibacterial agent, and meanwhile, nitrogen and oxygen are used as working gases, under the action of high temperature of plasma flame and an oxidizing atmosphere, the boron nitride is oxidized to form viscous boron oxide, so that oxygen atoms and water molecules can be effectively organized to diffuse into the material, the bonding strength of the coating and the surface of the aluminum alloy section can be enhanced, and the oxidation resistance, ageing resistance, toughness and corrosion resistance of the surface layer are obviously improved; meanwhile, the hydration expansibility, high dispersibility and adsorbability of bentonite are utilized, so that the boron nitride and the silver antibacterial agent are uniformly dispersed on the recycled aluminum particles, the uniformity of internal and external tissues of the coating is favorably ensured, the phenomenon of surface cracks of the aluminum material is reduced, and the aluminum profile is endowed with excellent antibacterial performance.
2. The ingot material is added with the recycled aluminum profile, so that the stability of the aluminum profile performance is facilitated, the possibility that the quality of the aluminum profile is influenced by undetected materials during aluminum liquid smelting is reduced, meanwhile, the element dosage proportion in the aluminum profile formula is adjusted, the annealing process is controlled, the strength and the hardness of the aluminum alloy are increased, the uniformity of the internal structure of the aluminum material and the refinement of crystal grains are increased, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the aluminum alloy profile is facilitated to be improved; especially, the silicon element is increased to more than 0.25 percent and the manganese element is controlled to be 0.05 percent0.1% of Mg, which can prevent the recrystallization of the aluminum alloy in the subsequent hot extrusion deformation process and promote the Mg in the annealing process2Si phase is separated out, recrystallized grains are refined, and orange peel is avoided.
3. The aluminum profile comprises a profile inner body, a profile outer body and a heat insulation penetrating strip for connecting the profile inner body and the profile outer body, wherein the cross section of the heat insulation penetrating strip is in an X-shaped structure, and the stability of a connecting structure between the profile inner body and the profile outer body and the support stability of glass are ensured by utilizing the X-shaped structure; the top end of the profile inner body is also connected with the safety flat plate, the safety flat plate can be utilized to effectively avoid the potential safety hazard of falling after the movable window sash is derailed, the use safety is improved, the firmness degree of the movable window sash is enhanced, the bottom surface of the safety flat plate is further provided with the T-shaped groove and the soundproof cotton arranged in the T-shaped groove, and the movable window sash has low noise when sliding left and right.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum alloy profile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the safety body of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the heat insulation piercing strip of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a reference diagram of the installation state of the aluminum alloy section bar of the invention.
The labels in the figure are: 10. a profile inner body; 20. a profile outer body; 30. heat insulation penetrating strips; 31. dovetail joints; 40. fixing and sliding upwards; 41. a slideway; 42. a side dam; 50. glass; 61. a safety seat; 62. a safety plate; 63. a T-shaped groove; 64. sound insulation cotton; 65. a limiting plate; 66. a torsion spring; 101. a middle frame; 102. a first side plate; 103. a second side plate; 104. a thermally insulating cavity; 105. dovetail mortise; 106. mounting grooves; 107. a chute; 108. h-shaped grooves; 109. and (6) edge strips.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an aluminum alloy profile, which includes an inner profile body 10, an outer profile body 20, and a heat insulation strip 30 connected between the inner profile body 10 and the outer profile body 20. The aluminum alloy section bar of the embodiment is used for moving the upper part of the window sash, the upper part is matched with the upper slide 40 in a sliding way, and the lower part is fixedly provided with the glass 50. Wherein, admittedly go up 40 including admittedly go up the slide 41 and the side shield 42 of going up the slide body and forming by admittedly going up the downward protrusion of body bottom respectively, the side shield 42 is vertical protruding downwards, slide 41 is walked the U type downwards and the tail section is less than the head.
In this embodiment, the profile inner body 10 and the profile outer body 20 are symmetrical in structure, and respectively include a middle frame 101, a first side plate 102 protruding upward from a top end of the middle frame 101, and a second side plate 103 protruding downward from a bottom end of the middle frame 101. The middle frame 101 of the profile inner body 10 and the middle frame 101 of the profile outer body 20 are respectively provided with a heat insulation cavity 104, and air is filled in the heat insulation cavity 104, so that the heat insulation performance between the inner side and the outer side of the aluminum profile of the embodiment can be enhanced. And the lateral wall in opposite directions of two heat-insulating cavities 104 is provided with two dovetail mortises 105 from top to bottom at interval respectively, the section shape that the strip 30 is worn in the heat insulation is X type structure and its four tip is dovetail 31, dovetail 31 and dovetail mortises 105 looks adaptations, and the strip 30 is worn in the heat insulation corresponds in the centre of two heat-insulating cavities 104, wears the strip 30 through this heat insulation and further strengthens the heat-proof quality between the inside and outside of this embodiment aluminium alloy, utilizes its X type structure to guarantee connection structure's between section bar internal body 10 and the section bar external body 20 stability and the support stability to glass 50 simultaneously.
In this embodiment, a mounting groove 106 for mounting and fixing the glass 50 is formed between the second side plate 103 of the inner profile body 10 and the second side plate 103 of the outer profile body 20, wave teeth are respectively disposed on the side walls of the mounting groove 106, the glass 50 is embedded into the mounting groove 106 and sealed by glass cement in the mounted state, and the wave teeth are beneficial to enhancing the bonding firmness of the glass cement to the glass 50 and the aluminum profile.
In this embodiment, a sliding groove 107 slidably engaged with the sliding channel 41 of the fixed upper slide 40 is formed between the first side plate 102 of the profile inner body 10 and the first side plate 102 of the profile outer body 20, H-shaped grooves 108 for mounting burr strips 109 engaged with the sliding channel 41 of the fixed upper slide 40 are respectively formed on opposite sides of the top end of the profile inner body 10 and the top end of the profile outer body 20, in a mounted state, the first side plate 102 of the profile inner body 10 is close to a tail section of the sliding channel 41, the first side plate 102 of the profile outer body 20 is close to a head section of the sliding channel 41, and the two burr strips 109 are respectively engaged with a head section wall surface and a tail section wall surface of the sliding channel 41, so as to enhance the sealing performance of the engaging position of the sliding groove 107 and the sliding channel 41.
In this embodiment, the top end of the profile inner body 10 is connected with an installation body, specifically: the safety body comprises a safety seat 61 and a safety flat plate 62, the safety seat 61 is integrally formed at the top end of the profile inner body 10, the safety plate 62 is rotatably connected to one side of the top end of the safety seat 61 close to the sliding groove 107 through a pin shaft, the pin shaft is sleeved with a torsion spring 66, one torsion arm of the torsion spring 66 is abutted against the safety flat plate 62, the other torsion arm of the torsion spring 66 is abutted against the side wall of the safety seat 61, thus, when the movable window sash is installed, the tail section of the sliding way 41 can press the safety flat plate 62 to be attached to the first side plate 102 until the safety flat plate 62 loses the extrusion effect of the sliding way 41, is separated from the first side plate 102 by the reset effect of the torsion spring 66 and is positioned above the tail section of the sliding way 41, the safety flat plate 62 is unfolded above the sliding way 41 after the installation is finished, the safety flat plate 62 can be used for effectively avoiding the potential safety hazard of falling after the movable window sash is derailed, improving the use safety and enhancing the firmness of the movable window sash. The limiting plate 65 is horizontally welded at the position, corresponding to the safety flat plate 62, of the top end of the safety seat 61, and the limiting plate 65 can prevent the safety flat plate 62 from being excessively unfolded and keep the clamping effect of the safety flat plate 62 and the slide way 41 in the unfolded state.
Further, the bottom surface of the safety flat plate 62 is provided with a T-shaped groove 63, the T-shaped groove 63 is used for installing soundproof cotton 64 matched with the slide way 41 of the fixed upper slide 40 in a propping manner, the soundproof cotton 64 props against the tail end of the slide way 41 in a using state, and the noise of the movable window sash is low when the movable window sash slides left and right.
The manufacturing methods of the inner profile body and the outer profile body are the same, and both the manufacturing methods comprise the casting and powder spraying of the aluminum alloy profile, and a plurality of specific implementation examples and comparative examples of the manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy profile are provided below.
Example 1
The casting process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1), smelting and casting: and putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 45min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length according to needs. The ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.25% of silicon, 2.7% of magnesium, 0.12% of iron, 3.2% of copper, 0.08% of manganese, 1.2% of zinc, 0.05% of titanium, 0.02% of zirconium, 0.15% of other elements and the balance of aluminum.
Step 1.2), annealing treatment: heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 3 hours, heating to 560 ℃ at 70 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 5 hours, then cooling by air, heating to 400 ℃ at 60 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 5 hours; then the temperature is reduced to 140 ℃ and the temperature is preserved for 6 hours.
Step 1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 480 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours, then extruding the heated round casting rod from a die by using an extruder for molding, putting the round casting rod into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 120 ℃, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 125 ℃ for 3 hours.
The powder spraying process is performed after the extrusion molding, and the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 880r/min for 2 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder; the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wherein 3 parts of bentonite, 0.3 part of silver antibacterial agent, 6 parts of boron nitride and 25 parts of recycled aluminum material particles, and the weight ratio of added water to bentonite is 25: 1.
Step 2.2), plasma spraying: the nitrogen and the oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 750 ℃, the powder feeding speed of the modified aluminum powder is 12g/min, the ionic gas flow is 1.0L/min, the scanning speed is 250mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas.
Step 2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 135 ℃ for 25min to obtain the sprayed section.
Example 2
The casting process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1), smelting and casting: and putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 30min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length according to needs. The ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.3% of silicon, 3% of magnesium, 0.15% of iron, 3.2% of copper, 0.1% of manganese, 1.4% of zinc, 0.02% of titanium, 0.04% of zirconium, 0.1% of other elements and the balance of aluminum.
Step 1.2), annealing treatment: heating to 320 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 580 ℃ at 90 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 6 hours, cooling by air, heating to 400 ℃ at 80 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 5 hours; then the temperature is reduced to 135 ℃ and the temperature is preserved for 6 hours.
Step 1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 450 ℃, preserving heat for 8 hours, then extruding and molding the heated round casting rod from a mold by using an extruder, after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 110 ℃, putting the section bar into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 120 ℃ for 4 hours.
The powder spraying process is performed after the extrusion molding, and the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 1000r/min for 1.5 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder; the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wherein, 4 parts of bentonite, 0.2 part of silver antibacterial agent, 5 parts of boron nitride and 20 parts of recycled aluminum material particles, and the weight ratio of added water to bentonite is 20: 1.
Step 2.2), plasma spraying: the nitrogen and the oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 800 ℃, the powder feeding speed of the modified aluminum powder is 15g/min, the ionic gas flow is 1.2L/min, the scanning speed is 500mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas.
Step 2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 150 ℃ for 30min to obtain the sprayed section.
Example 3
The casting process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1), smelting and casting: and putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 60min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length according to needs. The ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.35% of silicon, 2.8% of magnesium, 0.1% of iron, 3.5% of copper, 0.1% of manganese, 1.5% of zinc, 0.02% of titanium, 0.05% of zirconium, 0.15% of other elements and the balance of aluminum.
Step 1.2), annealing treatment: firstly heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, heating to 550 ℃ at 80 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 5.5 hours, then cooling by air, heating to 420 ℃ at 70 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 5.5 hours; then the temperature is reduced to 150 ℃ and the temperature is preserved for 5 hours.
Step 1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 500 ℃, preserving heat for 4 hours, then extruding and molding the heated round casting rod from a mold by using an extruder, after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 120 ℃, putting the section bar into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 120 ℃ for 3.5 hours.
The powder spraying process is performed after the extrusion molding, and the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 800r/min for 2 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder; the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wherein, the weight ratio of the added water to the bentonite is 25: 1, 5 parts of bentonite, 0.5 part of silver antibacterial agent, 8 parts of boron nitride and 30 parts of recycled aluminum material particles.
Step 2.2), plasma spraying: the nitrogen and the oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 650 ℃, the powder feeding speed of the modified aluminum powder is 10g/min, the ionic gas flow is 0.8L/min, the scanning speed is 200mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas.
Step 2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 135 ℃ for 25min to obtain the sprayed section.
Example 4
The casting process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1), smelting and casting: and putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 60min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length according to needs. The ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.3% of silicon, 2.7% of magnesium, 0.1% of iron, 3.3% of copper, 0.05% of manganese, 1.2% of zinc, 0.03% of titanium, 0.02% of zirconium, 0.15% of other elements and the balance of aluminum.
Step 1.2), annealing treatment: firstly heating to 300 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5 hours, heating to 580 ℃ at 80 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 5 hours, then cooling by air, heating to 400 ℃ at 60 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 6 hours; then the temperature is reduced to 140 ℃ and the temperature is preserved for 5.5 hours.
Step 1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 480 ℃, preserving heat for 6 hours, then extruding the heated round casting rod from a die by using an extruder for molding, putting the round casting rod into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 130 ℃, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 130 ℃ for 3 hours.
The powder spraying process is performed after the extrusion molding, and the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy profile of the embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 1000r/min for 1.5 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder; the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: wherein, 4 parts of bentonite, 0.25 part of silver antibacterial agent, 6 parts of boron nitride and 30 parts of recycled aluminum material particles, and the weight ratio of added water to bentonite is 25: 1.
Step 2.2), plasma spraying: the nitrogen and the oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 800 ℃, the powder feeding speed of the modified aluminum powder is 15g/min, the ionic gas flow is 1.0L/min, the scanning speed is 400mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas.
Step 2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 145 ℃ for 20min to obtain the sprayed section.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 differs from the above example 4 only in that: the content of silicon element is reduced to 0.2 percent, and the content of manganese element is reduced to 0.03 percent.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 differs from the above example 4 only in that: the sepiolite is used for replacing bentonite, and hydration expansion is not carried out firstly, but the raw materials are directly added with water for wet ball milling.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example 3 differs from the above example 4 only in that: the boron nitride is replaced by a mixture formed by mixing silicon nitride and titanium nitride according to the mass ratio of 1: 3.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example 4 differs from the above example 4 only in that: the working gas was changed to nitrogen and helium.
The aluminum alloy sections obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to physical property index tests, and the specific results are shown in tables 1 and 2 below.
The testing method of the light-preserving rate comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section in an SN-R900 hernia lamp weather-proof test box, carrying out artificial accelerated aging for 20 days, observing gloss change, and calculating the gloss retention according to the gloss retention as the gloss after aging/the gloss before aging.
Table 1: results of physical Properties test of inventive examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4
Table 2: results of physical Properties test of inventive examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy section comprises the steps of casting the aluminum alloy section and powder spraying, and is characterized in that: the powder spraying process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following specific steps:
2.1), modified aluminum powder: adding water into bentonite, stirring until the bentonite is fully expanded and is fully dispersed in the water to form a suspension, adding recycled aluminum particles with the particle size of 100-200 meshes, continuously stirring completely, adding a silver antibacterial agent and boron nitride, performing wet ball milling at the rotation speed of 800-1000 r/min for 1.5-2 hours, and performing spray drying to obtain modified aluminum powder;
2.2), plasma spraying: nitrogen and oxygen are used as working gases, the temperature of plasma flame reaches 650-800 ℃, the powder feeding speed of modified aluminum powder is 10-15 g/min, the ionic gas flow is 0.8-1.2L/min, the scanning speed is 200-500 mm/min, and the modified aluminum powder is sprayed and deposited on the surface of the aluminum alloy section under the carrying action of the ionic gas;
2.3), baking: and (3) placing the aluminum alloy section sprayed with the modified aluminum powder in a curing furnace at 135-150 ℃ for 20-30 min to obtain the sprayed section.
2. The method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight parts of the raw materials in the step 2.1) are as follows: wherein 3-5 parts of bentonite, 0.2-0.5 part of silver antibacterial agent, 5-8 parts of boron nitride and 20-30 parts of recycled aluminum particles, and the weight ratio of added water to bentonite is 20-25: 1.
3. The method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy profile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the casting process of the aluminum alloy section comprises the following specific steps:
1.1), smelting and casting: putting the ingot and a proper amount of AlTiB crystal grain refiner into a smelting furnace for smelting, putting nano carbonate after complete melting, simultaneously introducing inert gas from the bottom of the smelting furnace, heating to 800-850 ℃ until complete melting, preserving heat for 30-60 min, filtering by a foamed ceramic filter plate to obtain an alloy melt, pouring, opening the die after the alloy melt is solidified, cooling the ingot to room temperature by water, and sawing the round aluminum ingot into a certain length as required;
the ingot comprises a recycled aluminum profile, and the mass percentage of each element is as follows by detecting and controlling the addition of alloy elements: 0.25 to 0.35 percent of silicon, 2.7 to 3.0 percent of magnesium, 0.1 to 0.15 percent of iron, 3.2 to 3.5 percent of copper, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of manganese, 1.2 to 1.5 percent of zinc, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of titanium, 0.02 to 0.05 percent of zirconium, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of other elements and the balance of aluminum;
1.2), annealing treatment: heating to 300-320 ℃, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, heating to 550-580 ℃ at 70-90 ℃ per hour, preserving heat for 5-6 hours, then cooling with air, heating to 400-420 ℃ at 60-80 ℃ per hour, and preserving heat for 5-6 hours; then cooling to 135-150 ℃ and preserving the heat for 5-6 hours;
1.3) extrusion forming: heating the round ingot to 450-500 ℃, preserving heat for 4-8 hours, then extruding the heated round casting rod from a die by using an extruder for molding, putting the round casting rod into water at 0-5 ℃ for quenching treatment after the surface of the section bar is cooled to 110-130 ℃, and adding ice blocks to keep the water temperature after the water temperature rises; and finally, taking the extruded aluminum alloy section out of the water, straightening at normal temperature, and preserving the heat at 120-130 ℃ for 3-4 hours.
4. An aluminum alloy profile is characterized in that: the thermal insulation strip comprises a profile inner body, a profile outer body and a thermal insulation penetrating strip connected between the profile inner body and the profile outer body, wherein the profile inner body and the profile outer body are both manufactured by the manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the cross section of the thermal insulation penetrating strip is in an X-shaped structure, four ends of the thermal insulation penetrating strip are dovetail joints, and dovetail mortises matched with the dovetail joints are arranged at positions of the profile inner body and the profile outer body corresponding to the dovetail joints respectively; an installation groove for installing and fixing glass is formed between the bottom end of the profile inner body and the bottom end of the profile outer body, a sliding groove in sliding fit with the sliding way of the fixed upper slide is formed between the top end of the profile inner body and the top end of the profile inner body, and the top end of the profile inner body is connected with an installation body.
5. The aluminum alloy profile of claim 4, wherein: and H-shaped grooves for installing fur edge strips which are matched with the slide ways of the fixed upper slide rails in an abutting mode are respectively formed in the opposite sides of the top end of the profile inner body and the top end of the profile outer body.
6. The aluminum alloy profile of claim 4, wherein: the safety seat is integrally formed at the top end of the profile inner body, the safety panel is rotatably connected to one side, close to the sliding groove, of the top end of the safety seat through a pin shaft, a torsion spring is sleeved on the pin shaft, one torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the safety panel, and the other torsion arm of the torsion spring abuts against the side wall of the safety seat.
7. The aluminum alloy profile of claim 4, wherein: the bottom surface of the safety flat plate is provided with a T-shaped groove, and the T-shaped groove is used for installing soundproof cotton matched with the sliding way of the fixed upper slide in an abutting mode.
8. The aluminum alloy profile of claim 4, wherein: and a limiting plate is horizontally welded at the position, corresponding to the safety flat plate, of the top end of the safety seat.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113369805A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-09-10 | 扬州腾诺建筑节能科技发展有限责任公司 | Production method of safe anti-deformation sliding window |
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