CN112201893A - Foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof device and lithium battery - Google Patents

Foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof device and lithium battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112201893A
CN112201893A CN202011092939.7A CN202011092939A CN112201893A CN 112201893 A CN112201893 A CN 112201893A CN 202011092939 A CN202011092939 A CN 202011092939A CN 112201893 A CN112201893 A CN 112201893A
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China
Prior art keywords
explosion
proof
aluminum
foamed aluminum
density
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CN202011092939.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏珺儒
林少辉
张铭洁
严胜利
周必达
李振兴
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Geely Automobile Research Institute Ningbo Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Geely Automobile Research Institute Ningbo Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011092939.7A priority Critical patent/CN112201893A/en
Publication of CN112201893A publication Critical patent/CN112201893A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/04—Inorganic
    • B32B2266/045—Metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, an explosion-proof device and a lithium battery, wherein the foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure comprises a bottom structure, a top structure and an explosion-proof layer, the explosion-proof layer is arranged between the bottom structure and the top structure, a protected object is arranged above the top structure and used for arranging the protected object, a cross beam is arranged between the protected objects, the explosion-proof layer is made of foam aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam. The foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, the explosion-proof device and the lithium battery provided by the invention achieve light weight and simultaneously improve the safety of the bottom of the battery.

Description

Foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof device and lithium battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, an explosion-proof device and a lithium battery.
Background
With the rapid development of electric vehicles in China and even in the world, the development and competition of the safety technology of the current new energy vehicles are very fierce, and the requirements on the safety performance of the new energy vehicles are higher and higher.
The battery pack of the new energy vehicle is not a protected object in the whole vehicle any more, the safety performance of the battery pack is improved, meanwhile, the power of the battery pack needs to be contributed to the vehicle body and even the whole vehicle, and the requirement of high energy density needs to be met, so that the high safety and light weight are considered to be a problem that the battery pack is not slow enough, and in the design of the new energy battery pack, the safety and light weight of the battery become the focus of design engineering.
The battery package is receiving the collision, when working conditions such as vibrations extrusion, very big deformation or even destruction take place for probably, arouses conflagration or even explosion, consequently, need promote at the intensity rigidity of battery package, and the security performance especially meets under the higher and higher prerequisite of bottom safety simultaneously, how explosion-proof, how improve bottom security, how to design the lightweight battery package that comprehensive properties is excellent is the technical problem that needs to solve.
In the prior art, conventional steel is replaced by alloy, composite material, die-cast aluminum and the like, so that the weight is reduced, but the cost is increased. On the other hand, through the methods of structural optimization and modularity removal such as sheet metal thickness reduction, or through the methods of reducing material density, reducing thickness, reducing or removing partial structural parts and weakening partial structures, although the aim of light weight is achieved, the performance of the battery is reduced, the comprehensive performance of the whole pack is poor, the explosion prevention is not achieved, and the bottom safety is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightweight foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, an explosion-proof device and a lithium battery.
The invention also aims to provide a foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure with high bottom safety, an explosion-proof device and a lithium battery.
The invention provides a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure which comprises a bottom structure, a top structure and an explosion-proof layer, wherein the explosion-proof layer is arranged between the bottom structure and the top structure; the top structure is arranged above and used for arranging sheltered objects, and a cross beam is arranged between the sheltered objects; the explosion-proof layer is made of foam aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam.
Furthermore, a plurality of mounting grooves are reserved on the top structure of the novel explosion-proof device, the mounting grooves are used for accommodating the protected objects, and the density of the variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses in the region below the mounting grooves is reduced from the side edges to the center in sequence in the extension direction of the cross beam.
Further, the explosion-proof layer in the area below the mounting groove comprises a honeycomb aluminum structure.
Further, the thickness range of the variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses is 5mm-12mm, and the density range is 0.2-1.5g/cm3。
Further, the connection process of the explosion-proof layer and the bottom structure comprises the following steps: firstly, cold spraying aluminum powder on the surface of the bottom structure, and then adopting an in-situ melt foaming process to integrally form the foamed aluminum of the explosion-proof layer and the bottom structure.
Further, the top structure is composed of an aluminum plate, and the thickness of the aluminum plate is 1.0mm-1.4 mm.
The invention also provides an explosion-proof device, which comprises a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure and a frame, wherein the composite explosion-proof structure comprises a bottom structure, a top structure and an explosion-proof layer, the explosion-proof layer is arranged between the bottom structure and the top structure, a protected object is arranged above the top structure and a cross beam is arranged between the protected objects; the explosion-proof layer is made of foam aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam; the bottom structure is formed by steel plates; the frame comprises a left side beam and a right side beam, and the steel plate is connected with the left side beam and the right side beam through FDS.
Further, the thickness range of the steel plate is 0.8mm-1.0 mm.
The invention further provides a lithium battery, which comprises a battery pack and an explosion-proof device, wherein the battery pack is arranged in the explosion-proof device, the explosion-proof device comprises a frame and a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure comprises a bottom structure, a top structure and an explosion-proof layer, the explosion-proof layer is arranged between the bottom structure and the top structure, and the explosion-proof layer is made of foamed aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities; the explosion-proof layer is arranged below the reinforcing beam, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer are set according to the arrangement position of the battery pack and the position of the reinforcing beam.
Further, the density of the foamed aluminum of the anti-explosion layer between the reinforcing cross beams is greater than that of the foamed aluminum at other positions, the thickness of the foamed aluminum between the reinforcing cross beams is 5mm, and the density of the foamed aluminum at other positions is 10 mm.
Further, the density of the foamed aluminum between the reinforcing cross beams is 0.8-1.2g/cm3The density of the foamed aluminum at other positions is 0.5-0.7g/cm3。
Further, be provided with additional strengthening between the top structure of the compound explosion-proof structure of foamed aluminum and the bottom structure, the group battery set up in the additional strengthening below, additional strengthening is the I-shaped, comprises aluminum alloy plate, the thickness scope of aluminum alloy plate is 2mm to 4 mm.
The foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, the explosion-proof device and the lithium battery provided by the invention achieve light weight and simultaneously improve the safety of the bottom of the battery.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a lithium battery according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The terms first, second, third, fourth and the like in the description and in the claims of the present invention are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order.
Referring to fig. 1, the foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure 100 provided in the preferred embodiment of the invention includes a bottom structure 11, a top structure 13 and an explosion-proof layer 12, the explosion-proof layer 12 is disposed between the bottom structure 11 and the top structure 13, the top structure 13 is disposed above the top structure for arranging sheltered objects, a beam is disposed between the sheltered objects, the explosion-proof layer 12 is made of foam aluminum with variable thickness and variable density, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer 12 are set according to the arrangement position of the sheltered objects, such as the battery pack 32, and the position of the beam, such as the reinforcing beam 22 shown in fig. 2. The non-uniform thickness and variable density foamed aluminum may be in the form of blocks, for example, and the protected object may be the battery pack 32 shown in fig. 2, and the beam may be the reinforcing beam 22 shown in fig. 2, for example. This embodiment adopts the innovation structure through the innovative design, and the foamed aluminum composite construction that varies the thickness variable density promptly replaces prior art's cavity multilayer bottom plate segmentation tailor-welded structure, has reached lightweight purpose.
More specifically, the invention is designed through calculation and analysis, and the foamed aluminum can be distributed as required by adopting flexible variable density according to the requirements of different positions. According to the invention, a relation formula of platform load and foaming rate is obtained by researching the aperture, density and bearing load of the foamed aluminum under different foaming rates, and the corresponding foamed aluminum meeting the working condition load can be obtained according to different performance requirements, namely, a foamed aluminum selection table meeting the performance requirements, which has the minimum density, the lightest weight, the best energy absorption effect and the optimal porosity, is selected. And providing guidance for engineers and CAE simulation calculation in the design process. Table 1 below is data for different densities of aluminum foam, foam cell size, and platform loading.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002722765330000041
Figure BDA0002722765330000051
The concrete formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002722765330000052
where P and δ are the compressive load and displacement, respectively. The compression energy absorption is obtained by integrating the displacement load curve.
Figure BDA0002722765330000053
According to a low-speed collision energy-absorbing formula:
Figure BDA0002722765330000054
in the formula:
eo is total energy of low-speed collision;
m-low speed bump test mass (Curb + 1);
v-low speed bump test speed (taken as 16 km/h);
the empirical value of the ratio of the energy absorption value of the alpha-energy absorption box to the total collision energy is generally 0.8.
The kinetic energy is converted into internal energy in the collision process, and the internal energy can be regarded as the average crushing load P. In the design analysis process, the corresponding foamed aluminum aperture and density in the selection table can be loaded according to the finished automobile finite element analysis model for calculation so as to meet the collision requirement.
Specifically, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 2, a mounting groove 131 is reserved on the top structure 13, the mounting groove 131 is configured to accommodate the protected object, and the mounting groove 131 is configured to mount the cooling plate, so as to save the arrangement space. More specifically, the roof structure 14, in which the mounting groove 131 is reserved, may be formed of an aluminum alloy plate, where the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is preferably in the range of 1.2 mm. The lower portion of the mounting groove 131 is the explosion-proof layer 12. This embodiment forms mounting groove 131 on top structure 13 to arrange cooling structure in mounting groove 131, compare with prior art, practiced thrift and arranged the space, reduced whole package height, simultaneously, cooling structure and battery directly adopt sticky firm the connection, can also play certain limiting displacement to the battery, reduce the battery package and receive the displacement under the operating mode such as vibrations impact. More specifically, the density of the variable-density foamed aluminum of different thicknesses in the area below the mounting groove 131 decreases in the beam extending direction in order from the beam end to the beam center. When the mounting recess 131 is used to receive a battery pack for a vehicle and the aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure 100 is used in a vehicle, the cross member extends in a direction Y of the vehicle, i.e., a direction from a main seat to a sub-seat in the vehicle, i.e., a direction from the left side member 23 to the right side member 24 as shown in fig. 2. Alternatively, the explosion-proof layer 12 in the region below the mounting grooves 131 may include a honeycomb aluminum structure, the aluminum foam in the explosion-proof layer in this region is replaced by honeycomb aluminum, and the entire explosion-proof layer is composed of the aluminum foam and the honeycomb aluminum, not only the aluminum foam, to ensure the Z-directional rigidity of the lower region between the mounting grooves 131, i.e., the Z-directional rigidity of the region below the cooling structure. In addition, in the structure provided by the present embodiment, the explosion-proof layer is made of foamed aluminum material, and the material has both the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy material and the variable-density concave groove structure, so that compared with the cavity structure in the prior art, the contact area with the cooling structure can be increased, and the heat dissipation effect is more uniform. Moreover, by adopting an in-situ melt foaming process technology, the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof device with different thicknesses and variable densities can be integrally formed, and a groove for installing a liquid cooling structure is reserved at the top of the device, so that the contact area of a liquid cooling plate and foamed aluminum is increased, the heat dissipation effect is more uniform, and the processes of assembly and multi-section tailor welding of a lower-layer bottom plate in the prior art are reduced.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the connection process of the explosion-proof layer 12 and the bottom structure 11 is as follows: firstly, cold spraying aluminum powder on the surface of the bottom structure 11, and then adopting an in-situ melt foaming process to integrally form the foamed aluminum of the explosion-proof layer 12 and the bottom structure 11. In the embodiment, the in-situ melt foaming process is adopted, so that the foamed aluminum composite structures with different densities and different thicknesses can be integrally formed, the multi-section tailor welding in the prior art is replaced, the process steps are simplified, and the production efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the present embodiment adopts different density foamed aluminum for distribution design, which can optimize the cost to the maximum extent while improving the design flexibility.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the thickness of the variable-thickness and variable-density foamed aluminum may range from 5mm to 12mm, and the density may range from 0.2 to 1.5g/cm 3. The foamed aluminum is light in density, has the mechanical property and the heat conductivity of the aluminum alloy material, and has the light weight effect while strengthening the bottom. According to the embodiment, the foamed aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities is arranged at different positions of the explosion-proof structure according to different requirements of different positions, so that the design flexibility is improved, and the light weight effect is achieved.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the top of the integrally formed explosion-proof layer 12 is connected with the top structure 13 by soldering, and the bottom of the explosion-proof layer 12 is riveted with the bottom structure 11. The roof structure 13 may be formed from aluminium sheet having a thickness of 1.0mm to 1.4mm, preferably 1.2 mm. For the cavity structure in the middle of the two-layer board that prior art adopted, aluminum plate thickness is 3 mm's scheme, and this embodiment adopts the innovation structure through the innovative design, and the foam aluminum composite construction of variable density that varies thickness promptly replaces prior art's cavity multilayer bottom plate segmentation tailor-welding structure, forms integral type explosion-proof equipment, improves the security of battery bottom, has avoided prior art when the lightweight effect is not good, and the security is also not good.
The invention also provides an explosion-proof device which comprises the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure 100 and a frame 200. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure 100 comprises a bottom structure 11, a top structure 13 and an explosion-proof layer 12, wherein the explosion-proof layer 12 is arranged between the bottom structure 11 and the top structure 13, a protected object is arranged above the top structure 13, a cross beam is arranged between the protected objects, the explosion-proof layer 12 is made of foam aluminum with variable thickness and variable density, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer 12 are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam; the bottom structure 11 is made of steel plate, the frame 200 includes a left side beam 23 and a right side beam 24, and the steel plate is connected with the left side beam 23 and the right side beam 24 by FDS (Flow Drill press; spin tapping riveting). The frame 200 further includes a frame front 25 and a frame rear 26, and the frame front 25, the frame rear 26, the left side member 23, and the right side member 24 form a rectangular frame 200. This implementation provides explosion-proof equipment's bottom adopts the full aluminium scheme of high strength steel sheet substitution prior art, improves prior art bottom intensity, through the connection technology who adopts FDS, solves the steel sheet and foamed aluminum and the connection technical problem of aluminium frame, reaches cost optimization's effect when promoting bottom security performance.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the thickness of the steel plate is in the range of 0.8mm to 1.0 mm. The mode that the prior art adopted the all-aluminum alloy material can be along with the improvement of bottom security performance requirement, makes the requirement guarantee lightweight receive very big challenge, and the cost also rises thereupon. Compared with the prior art, the structure provided by the invention adopts foamed aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities to form the explosion-proof layer, so that a 0.8-1mm high-strength steel plate can be used as the bottom of the explosion-proof device, and a 1.2mm aluminum plate can be used as the top of the explosion-proof device to replace the top formed by a 3mm aluminum plate in the prior art. The structure provided by the invention not only improves the strength and rigidity of the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof device, but also reduces the weight by 20%, and achieves the effect of light weight and corresponding optimization of the cost while improving the safety performance of the bottom.
The present invention also provides a lithium battery 400, which can be referred to fig. 2, including a battery pack 32 and an explosion-proof device 100, wherein the battery pack 32 is disposed in the explosion-proof device 100. The explosion-proof device comprises a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure 100 and a frame 200, wherein the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure 100 comprises a bottom structure 11, a top structure 13 and an explosion-proof layer 12, the explosion-proof layer 12 is arranged between the bottom structure 11 and the top structure 13, and the explosion-proof layer 12 is formed by foamed aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities.
The reinforcing beams 22 are provided between the battery packs 32, and the explosion-proof layer 12 is provided below the reinforcing beams 22. The thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer 12 are set according to the arrangement position of the battery pack and the position of the reinforcing beam 22. The number of the reinforcing beams 22 is plural, and in the lithium battery 400 shown in fig. 2, the number of the beams 22 is two. Reinforcing ribs, which may be in the shape of a grid, may be provided in the reinforcing beam 22.
Specifically, in one embodiment, the density of the aluminum foam of the blast resistant layer 12 between the reinforcement beams 22 may be greater than the density of the aluminum foam at other locations, the thickness of the aluminum foam between the reinforcement beams 22 may be 5mm, and the density of the aluminum foam at other locations may be 10 mm. Furniture setThe density of the aluminum foam between the reinforcing beams 22 may be 0.8-1.2g/cm3The density of the foamed aluminum at other parts can be 0.5-0.7g/cm3。
Specifically, in one embodiment, and referring again to FIG. 1, a reinforcing structure 121 is disposed between the top structure 13 and the bottom structure 11 of the aluminum foam composite blast protected structure 100. The battery pack 32 is disposed below the reinforcing structure 121, and the position L in the drawing is the mounting position of the battery pack. The reinforcing structure 121 can be in an I shape, the I-shaped reinforcing structure 121 is located between the top portion 13 and the bottom portion 11, is located between the explosion-proof layers with different thicknesses on the Y direction under the whole vehicle coordinate system, is arranged below the installation position of the battery pack, and mainly plays a role in structural reinforcing and supporting, further enhances the tightness between the top portion 13, the explosion-proof layer 12 and the bottom portion 11, and ensures the rigidity in the Z direction. More specifically, the reinforcing structure 13, 21 may be constituted by an aluminium alloy plate, the thickness of which may range from 2mm to 4mm, preferably 3 mm. The aluminium alloy sheet and the bottom structure 11 may be connected using FDS.
Aiming at the problems that the existing lightweight technology mostly adopts an aluminum alloy cavity extrusion structure and adopts multi-section tailor welding connection, so that the overall structure is relatively complex and the connection process is complicated, the invention omits the connection process of repeated welding, simultaneously improves the strength and the impact resistance of the foamed aluminum composite board, and achieves the effect of lightweight by reducing the thickness of the aluminum alloy board in the prior art.
In summary, the foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof device provided by the invention has the advantages that the static yield stress of the adopted foamed aluminum inner core is lower, and the foamed aluminum inner core has a long and flat stress platform stage, so that the whole energy absorption capacity and the whole stability are greatly improved, the safety of the bottom plate is improved, and the top of the device is ensured to reduce plastic deformation or even not generate plastic deformation when collision or explosion occurs, so that the safety of the module battery cell is protected. Meanwhile, the structure provided by the invention can reduce the thickness of the aluminum plate in the prior art, and the density of the foamed aluminum is lower and can reach 0.25-0.6g/cm3The low-density foamed aluminum is used for replacing a cavity structure in the prior art, and a liquid cooling plate mounting structure is reserved, so that the connection between the foamed aluminum and the liquid cooling plate can be enlargedThe contact area makes the heat dissipation effect more uniform. According to the invention, the foamed aluminum with different densities is arranged at different required positions, so that the design waste is avoided, and the cost is optimized to the maximum extent.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (12)

1. A foam aluminum composite explosion-proof structure is characterized in that:
comprises a bottom structure (11), a top structure (13) and an explosion-proof layer (12), wherein the explosion-proof layer (12) is arranged between the bottom structure (11) and the top structure (13);
the top structure (13) is arranged above and used for arranging sheltered objects, and a cross beam is arranged between the sheltered objects;
the explosion-proof layer (12) is made of variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer (12) are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam.
2. The aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of mounting grooves (131) are reserved on the top structure (13), the mounting grooves (131) are arranged to be used for accommodating the protected object, and the density of variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses in the area below the mounting grooves (131) is reduced from the tail end of the cross beam to the center of the cross beam in sequence in the extending direction of the cross beam.
3. The aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure of claim 1, wherein: the explosion-proof layer (12) in the area below the mounting groove (131) comprises a honeycomb aluminum structure.
4. The aluminum foam composite explosion proof structure of claim 1, whereinThe method comprises the following steps: the thickness range of the variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses is 5mm-12mm, and the density range is 0.2-1.5g/cm3。
5. The aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure of claim 1, wherein: the connection process of the explosion-proof layer (12) and the bottom structure (11) is as follows: firstly, cold spraying aluminum powder on the surface of the bottom structure (11), and then adopting an in-situ melt foaming process to integrally form the foamed aluminum of the explosion-proof layer (12) and the bottom structure (11).
6. The aluminum foam composite explosion-proof structure of claim 1, wherein: the top structure (13) is composed of aluminum plates, and the thickness of each aluminum plate is 1.0-1.4 mm.
7. An explosion-proof device comprises a foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure (100) and a frame (200), and is characterized in that:
the composite explosion-proof structure (100) comprises a bottom structure (11), a top structure (13) and an explosion-proof layer (12), wherein the explosion-proof layer (12) is arranged between the bottom structure (11) and the top structure (13), a protected object is arranged above the top structure (13), a cross beam is arranged between the protected objects, the explosion-proof layer (12) is made of variable-density foamed aluminum with different thicknesses, and the thickness range and the density range of the explosion-proof layer (12) are set according to the arrangement position of the protected object and the position of the cross beam;
the bottom structure (11) is formed by steel plates; the frame (200) comprises a left side beam (23) and a right side beam (24), and the steel plates are connected with the left side beam (23) and the right side beam (24) through FDS.
8. The explosion proof device of claim 7, wherein: the thickness range of the steel plate is 0.8mm-1.0 mm.
9. A lithium battery comprising a battery pack (32) and an explosion-proof device, said battery pack (32) being arranged in said explosion-proof device, characterized in that:
the anti-explosion device comprises a frame (200) and a foamed aluminum composite anti-explosion structure (100), wherein the foamed aluminum composite anti-explosion structure (100) comprises a bottom structure (11), a top structure (13) and an anti-explosion layer (12), the anti-explosion layer (12) is arranged between the bottom structure (11) and the top structure (13), and the anti-explosion layer (12) is made of foamed aluminum with different thicknesses and variable densities;
the anti-explosion battery pack is characterized in that a reinforcing cross beam (22) is arranged between the battery packs (32), the anti-explosion layer (12) is arranged below the reinforcing cross beam (22), and the thickness range and the density range of the anti-explosion layer (12) are set according to the arrangement position of the battery packs (32) and the position of the reinforcing cross beam (22).
10. A lithium battery as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the density of the foamed aluminum of the explosion-proof layer (12) between the reinforcing cross beams (22) is greater than that of the foamed aluminum at other positions, the thickness of the foamed aluminum between the reinforcing cross beams (22) is 5mm, and the density of the foamed aluminum at other positions is 10 mm.
11. A lithium battery as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: the density of the foamed aluminum between the reinforcing cross beams (22) is 0.8-1.2g/cm3, and the density of the foamed aluminum at other positions is 0.5-0.7g/cm 3.
12. A lithium battery as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: be provided with additional strengthening (121) between top structure (13) and bottom structure (11) of the compound explosion-proof structure of foamed aluminum (100), group battery (32) set up in additional strengthening (121) below, additional strengthening (121) are the I-shaped, constitute by aluminum alloy plate, the thickness scope of aluminum alloy plate is 2mm to 4 mm.
CN202011092939.7A 2020-10-13 2020-10-13 Foamed aluminum composite explosion-proof structure, explosion-proof device and lithium battery Pending CN112201893A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5578397A (en) * 1993-12-17 1996-11-26 Saft Electrode plate for an electrochemical cell and having a metal foam type support, and a method of manufacturing such an electrode plate
US20020127425A1 (en) * 1998-04-09 2002-09-12 Mepura Metallpulvergesellschaft Mbh Ranshofen Process for producing foamed metal moldings and foamed metal moldings
WO2008119696A1 (en) * 2007-03-29 2008-10-09 Nv Bekaert Sa Composite aluminium or aluminium alloy porous structures
JP2012162756A (en) * 2011-02-03 2012-08-30 Mitsubishi Materials Corp Light weight structure
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