CN112199893A - Electromagnetic actuator calculation optimization method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a calculation optimization method of an electromagnetic actuator, which comprises the following steps: setting an optimized target characteristic and an optimized independent variable of the electromagnetic actuator; establishing a magnetic field model of the electromagnetic actuator to obtain an optimized target characteristic and a transfer function between independent variables; the first part of optimization takes the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency as optimization target characteristics, and takes the peak voltage, the peak current and the peak stage duration in the peak stage as independent variables of the optimization target characteristics; the second part of optimization takes further improvement of energy conversion efficiency and turn-off response time as optimization target characteristics, and keeps current as an independent variable of the optimization target characteristics. The invention solves the problem that the electromagnetic actuator can not meet the requirement of high energy conversion efficiency when pursuing high dynamic response, can realize the parameter optimization of the target characteristic of high response and low energy consumption of the electromagnetic actuator, improves the reliability of the electromagnetic actuator and prolongs the service life of the electromagnetic actuator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular to an optimization method of an electromagnetic actuator of a diesel injector.
Background
The electric control high-pressure common rail system is a core key system of a modern diesel engine, and the high-speed electromagnetic actuator is a core control component of the common rail fuel injector. When the opening response time of the electromagnetic actuator is longer, the precision of the fuel injection time of the common rail system is greatly reduced, which causes the deterioration of the injection consistency of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder diesel engine. When the closing response time of the electromagnetic actuator is longer, the closing of the needle valve of the oil injector is too slow, so that the fuel oil is poorly atomized in the later period of injection, and the soot of the diesel engine is increased by large-particle fuel oil, so that the emission characteristic of the diesel engine is deteriorated. Therefore, the high dynamic response characteristics of the electromagnetic actuator directly affect the economy and emissions of the diesel engine. When high response characteristics are pursued, larger driving current has to be adopted for realization, but the energy loss of the electromagnetic actuator is increased, and the temperature rise inside the electromagnetic actuator is increased rapidly due to high frequency, so that the service life of the electromagnetic actuator is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calculation optimization method of an electromagnetic actuator, which can realize high dynamic response and low energy consumption of the electromagnetic actuator.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a calculation optimization method of an electromagnetic actuator, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting the opening response time, the closing response time and the energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized target characteristics, and setting the peak voltage, the peak current, the peak stage duration and the holding current of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized independent variables; according to the structural parameters of the electromagnetic actuator, a magnetic field model of the electromagnetic actuator is established, and a transfer function between the optimized target characteristic and the independent variable is obtained;
(2) the first part of optimization takes the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency as optimization target characteristics, takes the peak voltage, the peak current and the peak stage duration in a peak stage as independent variables of the optimization target characteristics, judges the difference between the orders of magnitude and units of the two target characteristics of the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency, and gives a larger proportion to the parent of the target characteristics with high specific gravity as a selection standard, so that individuals with the target characteristics with high specific gravity have priority with higher probability;
(3) the second part of optimization takes further improvement of energy conversion efficiency and turn-off response time as optimization target characteristics, and keeps current as an independent variable of the optimization target characteristics.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the first part of optimization specifically comprises the following steps:
a) setting input parameters of a driving circuit of an electromagnetic actuator, converting the input parameters at a peak value stage into chromosomes in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
b) calculating population fitness, taking the fitness of the individual as a fitness function value constructed by the target characteristics, and outputting the selected individual;
c) carrying out a basic cross breeding process between selected individuals obtaining the rights of breeding offspring, setting a variation probability, randomly changing genes of partial molecular individuals, and replacing equivalent minimum fitness individuals obtained after crossing and variation in offspring with partial maximum fitness individuals without participating in crossing and variation operations, so as to prevent the population from falling into local optimality and output offspring with parent coding features and variant offspring;
d) decoding the new generation of population, screening and eliminating individuals exceeding the parameter limit range and individuals under two conditions that the armature cannot be lifted and cannot be lifted to the maximum lift due to unqualified independent variables;
e) and returning to the step b), calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is achieved, analyzing the population data of the final generation, and outputting the optimal individual parameter value considering both the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency.
2. Setting the optimal individual peak parameter value finally output by the first part optimization as an input parameter of a peak stage of a driving circuit of the electromagnetic actuator, converting the unoptimized holding current into a chromosome in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
ii) repeating step b) of the first partial optimization;
iii) repeating step c) of the first partial optimization;
iv) decoding the new generation population, screening and eliminating individuals exceeding the parameter limit range and individuals which cannot be in a lifting state all the time during the period of keeping the current and cannot be closed after a closing signal is sent out after the individuals are lifted to the maximum lift range due to unqualified independent variables;
and v) returning to ii) calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is reached, analyzing the population data of the final generation, outputting the final optimal individual parameters, namely the optimized parameters of peak voltage, peak current, peak duration and holding current, and finishing the optimization of the opening response time, closing response time and energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention solves the problem that the electromagnetic actuator can not meet the requirement of high energy conversion efficiency when pursuing high dynamic response, can realize the parameter optimization of the target characteristic of high response and low energy consumption of the electromagnetic actuator, improves the reliability of the electromagnetic actuator and prolongs the service life of the electromagnetic actuator.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first partial peak stage optimized target property evolution diagram;
FIG. 3 is a graph of energy conversion efficiency for each generation optimized for the second partial hold phase.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1-3, the optimization process of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, and specifically includes:
(1) setting the opening response time, the closing response time and the energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized target characteristics, and setting the peak voltage, the peak current, the peak stage duration and the holding current of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized independent variables. And establishing a magnetic field model of the electromagnetic actuator according to the basic structure parameters of the electromagnetic actuator to obtain the optimized target characteristic and the transfer function between the independent variables.
(2) The first part of optimization takes the turn-on response time and the energy conversion efficiency as optimization target characteristics, and takes the peak voltage, the peak current and the peak phase duration in the peak phase as independent variables of the optimization target characteristics. The difference between the order of magnitude and the unit of the two target characteristics, namely the opening response time and the energy conversion efficiency, is judged, a larger proportion is given to the parent of the target characteristics with high specific gravity as a selection standard, and the individuals with the target characteristics with high specific gravity have priority with higher probability. The first part of optimization specifically comprises the following steps:
a) setting input parameters of a driving circuit of an electromagnetic actuator, converting the input parameters at a peak value stage into chromosomes in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
b) calculating population fitness, wherein the fitness of an individual is a fitness function value constructed by target characteristics, the individual with high fitness is selected preferentially, the probability of selecting the individual with low fitness is reduced, the screening cannot influence each other by taking the two target characteristics as a standard, and the selected individual is output;
c) carrying out a basic cross breeding process between selected individuals obtaining the rights of breeding offspring, setting a variation probability, randomly changing genes of partial molecular individuals to a certain degree, but replacing equivalent minimum fitness individuals obtained after crossing and variation in offspring with a certain amount of maximum fitness individuals without participating in crossing and variation operation, preventing the population from falling into local optimality, and outputting offspring with parent coding characteristics and variant offspring;
d) decoding the new generation of population, screening and eliminating individuals exceeding the parameter limit range and individuals under two conditions that the armature cannot be lifted and cannot be lifted to the maximum lift due to unqualified independent variables;
e) and returning to b) calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is achieved, analyzing the population data of the final generation, and outputting the optimal individual parameter value considering both the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency.
The final generation of the first part of optimization converges in the range of the wire frame in fig. 2, and an individual with a corresponding mechanical energy conversion rate of 8% and an opening response time of 0.0465ms in the wire frame is selected as the final optimization result of the peak stage, and the peak stage driving parameters of the individual are the peak stage duration 0.2144ms, the peak voltage 66.623V and the peak current 22.963 a.
(3) And (3) optimizing in the second part: the energy conversion efficiency and the closing response time are further improved to serve as optimization target characteristics, and the current is kept as an independent variable of the optimization target characteristics.
a) Setting the optimal individual peak value parameter value finally output in the step (2) as an input parameter of a peak stage of a driving circuit of the electromagnetic actuator, converting the unoptimized holding current into a chromosome in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
b) repeating b) in the step (2);
c) repeating c) in the step (2);
d) decoding the new generation of population, screening and eliminating individuals which exceed the parameter limit range and individuals which cannot be in a lifting state all the time during the period of keeping the current and cannot be closed after a closing signal is sent out due to the fact that the individuals cannot be lifted to the maximum lift because the independent variable is unqualified;
e) and returning to b) calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is reached, analyzing the population data of the final generation, outputting the final optimal individual parameters, namely the optimized peak voltage, peak current, peak duration and holding current parameters, and finishing the optimization of the opening response time, closing response time and energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator.
The second part of optimized generation holding currents and corresponding energy conversion efficiencies are shown in fig. 3, the smaller the lowest holding current is, the faster the closing response is, the optimal individual is finally optimized in a wire frame under the condition of meeting parameter limitation, the closing response time of the individual is 0.056ms, the energy conversion efficiency is further improved to 8.4%, and the holding stage driving parameter is 4.1A.
TABLE 1 comparison table of all parameters before and after optimization
Claims (3)
1. A calculation optimization method for an electromagnetic actuator is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) setting the opening response time, the closing response time and the energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized target characteristics, and setting the peak voltage, the peak current, the peak stage duration and the holding current of the electromagnetic actuator as optimized independent variables; according to the structural parameters of the electromagnetic actuator, a magnetic field model of the electromagnetic actuator is established, and a transfer function between the optimized target characteristic and the independent variable is obtained;
(2) the first part of optimization takes the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency as optimization target characteristics, takes the peak voltage, the peak current and the peak stage duration in a peak stage as independent variables of the optimization target characteristics, judges the difference between the orders of magnitude and units of the two target characteristics of the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency, and gives a larger proportion to the parent of the target characteristics with high specific gravity as a selection standard, so that individuals with the target characteristics with high specific gravity have priority with higher probability;
(3) the second part of optimization takes further improvement of energy conversion efficiency and turn-off response time as optimization target characteristics, and keeps current as an independent variable of the optimization target characteristics.
2. The method for computing and optimizing an electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein: the first part of optimization specifically comprises the following steps:
a) setting input parameters of a driving circuit of an electromagnetic actuator, converting the input parameters at a peak value stage into chromosomes in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
b) calculating population fitness, taking the fitness of the individual as a fitness function value constructed by the target characteristics, and outputting the selected individual;
c) carrying out a basic cross breeding process between selected individuals obtaining the rights of breeding offspring, setting a variation probability, randomly changing genes of partial molecular individuals, and replacing equivalent minimum fitness individuals obtained after crossing and variation in offspring with partial maximum fitness individuals without participating in crossing and variation operations, so as to prevent the population from falling into local optimality and output offspring with parent coding features and variant offspring;
d) decoding the new generation of population, screening and eliminating individuals exceeding the parameter limit range and individuals under two conditions that the armature cannot be lifted and cannot be lifted to the maximum lift due to unqualified independent variables;
e) and returning to the step b), calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is achieved, analyzing the population data of the final generation, and outputting the optimal individual parameter value considering both the starting response time and the energy conversion efficiency.
3. The method for computing and optimizing an electromagnetic actuator according to claim 2, wherein:
setting the optimal individual peak parameter value finally output by the first part optimization as an input parameter of a peak stage of a driving circuit of the electromagnetic actuator, converting the unoptimized holding current into a chromosome in a coding parameter form, and generating an initialized initial generation independent variable population;
ii) repeating step b) of the first partial optimization;
iii) repeating step c) of the first partial optimization;
iv) decoding the new generation population, screening and eliminating individuals exceeding the parameter limit range and individuals which cannot be in a lifting state all the time during the period of keeping the current and cannot be closed after a closing signal is sent out after the individuals are lifted to the maximum lift range due to unqualified independent variables;
and v) returning to ii) calculating the next generation of population until 10 times of population iteration is reached, analyzing the population data of the final generation, outputting the final optimal individual parameters, namely the optimized parameters of peak voltage, peak current, peak duration and holding current, and finishing the optimization of the opening response time, closing response time and energy conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic actuator.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN118036407A (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-05-14 | 华中科技大学 | Design and optimization method and system for flat-plate voice coil electromagnetic force control actuator |
| CN118036407B (en) * | 2024-04-11 | 2024-07-02 | 华中科技大学 | Design and optimization method and system for flat-plate voice coil electromagnetic force control actuator |
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