CN112198679B - Electromagnetic device for two-dimensional photonic crystal material spin magnetic field excitation - Google Patents
Electromagnetic device for two-dimensional photonic crystal material spin magnetic field excitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112198679B CN112198679B CN202010984669.4A CN202010984669A CN112198679B CN 112198679 B CN112198679 B CN 112198679B CN 202010984669 A CN202010984669 A CN 202010984669A CN 112198679 B CN112198679 B CN 112198679B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/0121—Operation of devices; Circuit arrangements, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/011—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour in optical waveguides, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
Abstract
The invention provides an electromagnetic device for spin magnetic field excitation of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material, and belongs to the technical field of photonic crystals. The device innovatively and symmetrically arranges the n radiation probes in a circle (namely, the radiation probes are uniformly distributed on the circumference) and distributes the adjacent radiation probes in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction
The phase difference of the phase difference is formed, so that a spin magnetic field is formed, further a photon spin state is generated in the topological structure, and the unidirectional transmission electromagnetic wave is generated at the interface of the photonic crystals with different lattice constants; in addition, the invention adopts a plurality of radiation probes, and the strength of the generated spin magnetic field is continuously increased under the combined action of a plurality of paths of input signals, so that the effective range capable of covering the photonic crystal is continuously increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photonic crystals, relates to excitation of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material, and particularly relates to an electromagnetic device for excitation of a spin magnetic field of the two-dimensional photonic crystal material.
Background
The photonic crystal is a regular optical structure formed by periodically arranged media with different refractive indexes, and is widely used for various photonic devices, including a non-threshold laser, a lossless reflector, a bent optical path, an optical microcavity with a high quality factor, a photonic crystal fiber with a dispersion compensation effect and the like. The most important application of photonic crystals is the introduction of defects, which form corresponding defect levels in the bandgap. Therefore, the photonic crystal fiber is developed based on the principle that defects are arranged on a certain path, a one-way propagation path can be formed under proper excitation, and electromagnetic waves in other directions can be cut off and cannot propagate. The advent of photonic crystals has made possible the "plenophotonics" of information processing technology and the miniaturization and integration of photonic technology. Therefore, it is important to study the characteristics of photonic crystals, especially the interaction effect between electromagnetic waves and photonic crystals, which can make great contribution to microwave photoelectron technology.
For a two-dimensional photonic crystal material, a topological structure photonic crystal formed by two-dimensional arrangement of dielectric rods can generate a pair of photon spin states with opposite rotation directions, and when the two-dimensional photonic crystal is excited by adopting an electric field parallel to the axial direction of the dielectric rods and a spin magnetic field orthogonal to the axial direction of the dielectric rods, the photon spin states with the same rotation direction as the spin magnetic field generated by an excitation device can be generated, so that a unilaterally-transmitted electromagnetic wave channel is formed at the junction of the two photonic crystals with different lattice constants, and electromagnetic wave scattering in opposite directions cannot be generated. Therefore, the excitation device must be able to generate a uniform spin magnetic field in the two-dimensional photonic crystal, and the performance thereof, such as the uniformity of the generated spin magnetic field and the size of the radiation probe, has a great influence on the propagation characteristics of the electromagnetic wave in the two-dimensional photonic crystal.
In the patent of "self-guided unidirectional edge state transmission of magnetic photonic crystal slab" with publication number CN 108051874 a, a Helmholtz coil is used to apply an external bias magnetic field to the magnetic photonic crystal material, the magnetic field direction of the coil is perpendicular to the slab, but this solution cannot realize the spin of the magnetic field, and therefore cannot excite the photon spin state. In the document "Experimental reaction on of Self-Guiding nonlinear Edge States" (PHYSICAL REVIEW LETT ERS, PRL 106,093903, 093903(2011)), a single probe is used to generate a transverse magnetic field to excite a magnetic photonic crystal material, thereby generating a chiral fringe effect, but a single probe cannot generate a photon spin state in the topology because it cannot generate a spin magnetic field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems of the background art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electromagnetic device for spin field excitation of two-dimensional photonic crystal materials. The device innovatively and symmetrically arranges the n radiation probes in a circle (namely, the radiation probes are uniformly distributed on the circumference) and distributes the adjacent radiation probes in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction
So as to form a spin magnetic field, further generate a photon spin state in the topological structure, and realize the generation of the unidirectionally-transmitted electromagnetic wave at the photonic crystal interface with different lattice constants.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an electromagnetic device for spin magnetic field excitation of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material is characterized by comprising n radiation probes, an upper metal cover plate, a lower metal cover plate, a photonic crystal, a power divider, a microwave cable and a microwave signal source; the photonic crystal is arranged on the lower metal cover plate, and the n radiation probes simultaneously penetrate through the through holes of the upper metal cover plate and then are arranged between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate; the n radiation probes are uniformly distributed on the circumference, each radiation probe is connected with the output end of the power divider through a microwave cable, the input end of the power divider is connected with a microwave signal source, the radiation probes are coaxial lines, the coaxial lines are in terminal short circuit, wave-absorbing materials are filled between inner and outer conductors on one side close to a short circuit surface, supporting media are filled between the rest inner and outer conductors, and annular cutting gaps are arranged on one sides of the outer conductors close to the wave-absorbing materials; the feed modes of the radiation probes are equal in amplitude and the phases of the adjacent radiation probes
Are distributed in an equal difference way in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction, and the phase difference is
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
further, n is more than or equal to 2.
Furthermore, the circular cutting gap is in a circular cylinder shape, the wall thickness of the circular cylinder is equal to that of the outer conductor, and the height of the circular cylinder is smaller than the distance between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate.
Furthermore, the length of the wave-absorbing material enables the reflection coefficient to be smaller than-20 dB; the distance between the circular cutting gap and the wave-absorbing material does not influence the up-down symmetry of the generated spin magnetic field.
Furthermore, the lengths l of the n microwave cables are distributed in an equal difference mode, and the length difference
Wherein lambda is the wavelength in the coaxial line, and is connected to the radiation probes in sequence to ensure the phase difference of adjacent radiation probes along the clockwise or counterclockwise direction
And (4) distribution.
Further, the power divider is an equal-amplitude and same-phase power divider, and the number of power dividing paths is n.
Furthermore, the photonic crystals arranged on the lower metal cover plate have different lattice constants, and the centers of the ring-cut gaps and the centers of the photonic crystals are kept consistent.
Furthermore, the upper metal cover plate can drive the n radiation probes to move horizontally so as to control the radiation probes to excite the photonic crystals at different positions, and the upper metal cover plate can always cover all two-dimensional photonic crystal materials in the moving process.
Further, the photonic crystal material is specifically: the photonic crystal is an optical artificial molecule of a two-dimensional triangular lattice, each molecule is a hexagonal structure consisting of six dielectric columns, and the lattice constant of the photonic crystal is determined by the density degree between dielectric rods.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the electromagnetic device provided by the invention, the coaxial line outer conductor is innovatively provided with the ring-cut gap, the terminal is filled with the wave-absorbing material to serve as the radiation probe, one part of electromagnetic energy is radiated outwards at the ring-cut gap, and the other part of electromagnetic energy is transmitted towards the coaxial line terminal and is finally absorbed by the wave-absorbing material to form terminal matching. Because the upper part and the lower part of the circular cutting gap are coaxial, the electromagnetic wave energy radiated by the circular cutting gap can realize better up-down symmetry; and the radiation probes are circularly and symmetrically arranged and distributed, and the excited spin magnetic field also has better vertical symmetry and is closer to a theoretical excitation state.
2. The upper metal cover plate of the device only needs to be provided with one through hole, the radiation probe penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly arranged between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate, the upper metal cover plate is moved, the radiation probe can be driven to integrally move, the spin magnetic field excitation of the two-dimensional photonic crystal material at any position is realized, and the operation is quick and convenient; and a plurality of radiation probes are adopted, and the strength of the generated spin magnetic field is continuously increased under the combined action of a plurality of paths of input signals, so that the effective range capable of covering the photonic crystal is continuously increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic device for two-dimensional photonic crystal material spin magnetic field excitation according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single radiation probe in the electromagnetic device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the electric field distribution of a single radiation probe in the electromagnetic apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a magnetic field distribution diagram of a single radiation probe in an electromagnetic apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a spin field profile generated with 4 radiation probes in an electromagnetic apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a spin field profile generated with 6 radiation probes in an electromagnetic apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a spin field profile generated with 8 radiation probes in an electromagnetic apparatus of the present invention.
The microwave radiation device comprises a power divider, a microwave signal source, a radiation probe, a through hole, a supporting medium, a ring-cut gap and a wave-absorbing material, wherein the power divider is 1, the upper metal cover plate is 2, the lower metal cover plate is 3, the microwave cable is 4, the power divider is 5, the radiation probe is 6, the through hole is 7, the supporting medium is 8, the ring-cut gap is 9, and the wave-absorbing material is 10.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic device for two-dimensional photonic crystal material spin magnetic field excitation according to the present invention. The electromagnetic device comprises n radiation probes (n is more than or equal to 2)6, an upper metal cover plate 1, a lower metal cover plate 2, a power divider 4, n microwave cables 3 and a microwave signal source 5. The n radiation probes simultaneously penetrate through the through holes 7 of the upper metal cover plate and then are arranged between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate; the n radiation probes are circularly and symmetrically arranged (uniformly distributed on the circumference), each radiation probe is connected with the output end of the power divider through a microwave cable, and the input end of the power divider is connected with a microwave signal source; the radiation probes are fed in equal amplitude and phase of adjacent radiation probes
Are distributed in an equal difference way in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction, and the phase difference is
The value of which is determined by n, wherein,
for example, when the number of radiation probes is 4, the phases are sequentially clockwise (or counterclockwise)
Wherein
Is the initial phase; when the number of the radiation probes is 8, the phases are sequentially clockwise (or anticlockwise)
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single radiation probe in the electromagnetic device of the present invention. The radiation probe is a coaxial line, the coaxial line is in a terminal short circuit, a wave absorbing material 10 is filled between the inner conductor and the outer conductor close to one side of a short circuit surface, a supporting medium 8 is filled between the other inner conductors and the other outer conductors, and a circular cutting gap 9 is arranged at one side of the outer conductor close to the wave absorbing material. The circular cutting gap is in a circular cylinder shape, the wall thickness of the circular cylinder is equal to that of the outer conductor, and the height of the circular cylinder is smaller than the distance between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate. In the actual manufacturing of the radiation probe, a thinner semi-steel coaxial line can be adopted to manufacture the radiation probe so as to reduce the size of the probe, the diameter of an inner conductor of the coaxial line is 0.29mm, the outer diameter of an outer conductor of the coaxial line is 1.19mm, and the wall thickness of the coaxial line is 0.125 mm. Wave absorbing materials with the length of about 3mm are filled between the inner conductor and the outer conductor which are close to the short circuit surface, the terminal reflection coefficient is less than-20 dB, and polytetrafluoroethylene supporting media 8 which are low-loss low-dielectric materials are filled between the other inner conductor and the other outer conductor.
Specifically, the lengths of the n microwave cables are distributed in an equal difference mode, and the length difference
Wherein lambda is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the coaxial line, and is sequentially connected to the radiation probes in a circularly symmetric order to ensure that the phases of adjacent radiation probes are in phase difference along the clockwise or counterclockwise direction
And (4) distribution.
Specifically, the power divider provides power signals with equal amplitude and in phase, and the number of power dividing paths is determined by the number of selected radiation probes.
Specifically, n radiation probes penetrate through holes of an upper metal cover plate, and the upper metal cover plate can drive the n radiation probes to move horizontally so as to control the excitation positions of the radiation probes and realize the excitation of spin magnetic fields at any positions of the two-dimensional photonic crystal material; the two-dimensional photonic crystal is an optical artificial molecule of a two-dimensional triangular lattice, and each molecule is of a hexagonal structure consisting of six dielectric columns. The photonic crystal is arranged on the surface of the lower metal plate, and the upper metal cover plate can always cover all two-dimensional photonic crystal materials in the moving process.
Fig. 3 and 4 are graphs of the electric and magnetic field profiles, respectively, of a single radiation probe in an electromagnetic apparatus of the invention. It can be seen from the figure that a single radiation probe can generate field distribution with good up-down symmetry at the ring-cut gap, which is beneficial to generating uniform field distribution characteristics in a two-dimensional plane, thereby better realizing the one-way transmission of electromagnetic waves.
In terms of working principle, the invention provides an electromagnetic device for the excitation of a spin magnetic field of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material, which comprises the following components:
the radiation probe generates a spin magnetic field to further excite a photon spin state, and the photon spin state generates a defect energy level at the interface of the photonic crystals with different lattice constants, so that electromagnetic waves can be transmitted only in one direction. Because the uniformity of the spin magnetic field generated by the n radiation probes is in direct proportion to the number of the radiation probes, the number of the radiation probes can be selected according to the area size of the region to be excited and the requirement of the field uniformity, so that the spin magnetic field can be excited to each position uniformly. Fig. 5 to 7 are spin magnetic field profiles generated when the number n of radiation probes is 4, 6, and 8, respectively, as can be seen from the figures. When the number of the radiation probes is small, the spin magnetic field is stronger only at the position close to the radiation probes; and the magnetic field intensity is weaker at the position far away from the radiation probe, the distribution of the spin magnetic field is more uniform along with the increase of the number of the radiation probes, the spin magnetic field far away from the radiation probe area becomes stronger, the effective excitation area covered by the extension becomes larger, and the proper number of the radiation probes can be selected according to the size of the excitation area and the requirement of system disturbance in practice.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise; all of the disclosed features, or all of the method or process steps, may be combined in any combination, except mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Claims (8)
1. An electromagnetic device for spin magnetic field excitation of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material is characterized by comprising n radiation probes, an upper metal cover plate, a lower metal cover plate, a photonic crystal, a power divider, a microwave cable and a microwave signal source; the photonic crystal is arranged on the lower metal cover plate, and the n radiation probes simultaneously penetrate through the through holes of the upper metal cover plate and then are arranged between the upper metal cover plate and the lower metal cover plate; the n radiation probes are uniformly distributed on the circumference, each radiation probe is connected with the output end of the power divider through a microwave cable, and the input end of the power divider is connected with a microwave signal source; the radiation probe is a coaxial line, the coaxial line is in a terminal short circuit, a wave absorbing material is filled between the inner conductor and the outer conductor close to one side of a short circuit surface, a supporting medium is filled between the other inner conductor and the outer conductor, and a circular cutting gap is arranged at one side of the outer conductor close to the wave absorbing material; the feed modes of the radiation probes are equal in amplitude and the phases of the adjacent radiation probes
Are distributed in an equal difference way in the clockwise or anticlockwise direction, and the phase difference is
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
2. the electromagnetic device for excitation of a spin field of a two-dimensional photonic crystal material of claim 1, wherein the circular cut gap is a circular cylinder having a wall thickness equal to the wall thickness of the outer conductor and a height less than the distance between the upper and lower metal cover plates.
3. The electromagnetic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the length of the absorbing material is such that its reflection coefficient is less than-20 dB; the distance between the circular cutting gap and the wave-absorbing material does not influence the up-down symmetry of the generated spin magnetic field.
4. The electromagnetic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the lengths l of the n microwave cables are distributed in equal difference, and the length difference is
Sequentially connected to the radiation probes to ensure that the phases of adjacent radiation probes are different in clockwise or counterclockwise direction
Distribution, where λ is the wavelength in the coaxial line.
5. The electromagnetic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the power divider is a constant-amplitude in-phase power divider and has n power dividing paths.
6. The electromagnetic device for excitation of spin magnetic field of two-dimensional photonic crystal material according to claim 1, wherein said photonic crystal disposed on said lower metal cover plate has different lattice constants, and the center of said ring-cut slit is coincident with the center of said photonic crystal.
7. The electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the upper metal cover plate drives the n radiation probes to move horizontally to control the radiation probes to excite the photonic crystal at different positions, and the upper metal cover plate can always cover all the two-dimensional photonic crystal materials during the movement.
8. The electromagnetic device according to claim 1, wherein the photonic crystal is an optical "artificial molecule" with a two-dimensional triangular lattice, each molecule is a hexagonal structure composed of six dielectric columns, and the degree of density between the dielectric rods determines the lattice constant of the photonic crystal.
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